Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil Organic Matters in Se-rich Areas of Hainan Island in Recent 30 Years

[Objectives] The aim was to reveal the distribution of soil organic matter content in cultivated land in the Se-rich areas of Hainan in 1980and 2010, so as to provide reference for the study on the evolution of soil organic matter content.[Methods] With the combination of field investigation with indoor analysis, the characteristics of organic matter content in the Se-rich areas of Hainan in 1980 and 2010 was revealed by means of spatial analysis, and the differences were analyzed.[Results] In the last 30 years, the proportion of 20-30 g/kg of soil organic matter content in the Se-rich areas of Hainan was reduced, but the content of soil organic matter in the area generally increased. The average value of the content of organic matter in the area was increased from 25.3 g/kg in the 1980s to 28.1 g/kg, but its spatial distribution was uneven.[Conclusions] The farmers should be guided to change the fertilization structure, and attention should be paid to the application of organic fertilizer, so as to improve the soil organic matter content.

Distribution of Soil Nutrients in Se-rich Areas of Hainan Island

[Objectives] The aim was to reveal the distribution of soil nutrients in Se-rich area of Hainan and to clarify their specific contents, so as to provide references for the development of Se-rich area agriculture in Hainan.[Methods] With the se-rich area in Hainan as the object, field investigation and indoor analysis were combined to elucidate the nutrient status of cultivated soil in the area and analyze its nutrient distribution.[Results] The soil in the se-rich area in Hainan province was generally acidic with the average soil pH value of 5.0. The difference in soil pH between different landforms and different altitudes was not significant, ranging from 4.9 to 5.3. Soil available P and available K contents were low to intermediate, and the soil available N content was moderate. The farming system, chemical fertilizer application structure and meteorological factors were the main causes of the distribution of soil nutrient elements. The soil exchangeable calcium and magnesium content was rich, and the distribution of trace elements in the arable soil of different terrains and elevations was closely related to the distribution of soil parent material in the region. The increase of soil organic matter content in arable land could be achieved by increasing the application of organic fertilizer and guiding the farmers to enhance the application of straws to fields.[Conclusions] The application of soil N, P and K fertilizers should be combined with the application of soil organic fertilizers to improve the soil fertility of cultivated land.

Coral Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca Ratios as Proxies of Precipitation and Terrestrial Input at the Eastern Offshore Area of Hainan Island

Geochemical ratios in coral reef skeletons could be used as proxies to reconstruct past climatological and environmental records in data-poor regions. Using a 103-year data set(1902 to 2005), the annual variations in Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios of Porites lutea skeletons at an eastern offshore area of Hainan Island(19?12'28.4''N, 110?37'38.8''E) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-optic emission spectrometry(ICP-OES). The analysis results showed that Ba/Ca ratios varied from a minimum of 3.120 μmol mol^(-1) in 1903 to a maximum of 10.064 μmol mol^(-1) in 1944, with an average of 5.256 μmol mol^(-1). Mn/Ca ratios varied from 0.206 to 5.708 μmol mol^(-1) with an annual average of 1.234 μmol mol^(-1), with peak values in 2001, 1964 and 1932, that correlated with strong rainfall events caused by typhoons. Variation in Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios were compared with available river discharge and precipitation records, providing insight into past climatological events. Human activities and their indirect effects could impact the strength of the relationship between Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios and observed precipitation and terrestrial input in the future.

Discussion of Construction of Hainan International Tourism Island and Psychological Health of Tourism Area Residents

In the ongoing construction of an international tourism island in Hainan, China, the research on the mental health of the residents in the tourism destination is one of the main contents of the research on tourism development. Tourism area is the cell of Hainan International Tourism Island. The mental health service of the residents in the tourism area is an important part of the health work construction of the international tourism island and the basic way to realize the health care for everyone. Nowadays, people’s demand for mental health services is far greater than the current supply. In view of the current situation of the limited mental health services provided, we put forward higher requirements and directions for the future development of mental health services in tourist areas. It is planned to carry out the first large-scale publicity and education on mental health of residents in Hainan tourism area in China, and evaluate the effect;carry out a large-scale investigation on mental health of residents in the tourism area, and carry out professional intervention and treatment for patients with mental diseases. Finally, the mental health service network and service institutions covering the tourism areas of Hainan Province were established to provide scientific support for the harmonious and healthy development of the international tourism island in Hainan Province.

Ecological Function Value of Tropical Forests in the Central Mountainous Areas of Hainan Island

The integrated value of the ecological function of tropical forests in the central mountainous areas of Hainan Island was 33.064 8 billion yuan/a in 2010(soil improvement,soil consolidation,soil nutrient maintenance,water storage and moisture regulation,water purification,carbon sequestration,oxygen releasing,air purification,biodiversity conservation,eco-tourism),equivalent to 16.1%of GDP in Hainan Province this year(205.212 billion yuan).The tropical forests in the central mountainous areas of Hainan Island make great contribution to Hainan Island's ecology,and play an important role in maintaining the stability of the ecological environment in Hainan Island.Through the understanding of major ecological function value of tropical forests,it is necessary to make people cherish the tropical forests in the central ecological function conservation areas of Hainan Province,and spontaneously throw themselves into the ecological environment protection and construction,to promote the rapid and sustainable development of construction in Hainan Province as an international tourism island.

新中国初期海南黎族苗族地区提高农业生产力措施研究

海南全岛解放后,党和政府根据黎族苗族地区经济社会文化实际,制定了一系列以经济-文化为主的政策措施,促进了海南黎族苗族地区由初期农耕社会-狩猎采集社会向农耕社会的转化,使得其农业生产力水平迅速提高、基础设施迅速改进、教育文化水平迅速提升、人民生活水平显著改善,迅速地拉近了与其他地区经济社会发展水平的距离,并为今后进一步发展奠定了基础。实践证明,这些政策措施,既符合农业社会的发展规律,又充分联系了黎族苗族地区的实际,因而在当时取得了良好的政策效益,其亦给当今推动海南黎族苗族地区的发展提供了很好的借鉴。

乡村旅游发展对海南城乡收入差距影响的实证研究

共同富裕是中国式现代化的重要特征,缩小城乡收入差距实现城乡共同富裕是海南自由贸易港推进中国式现代化建设的必然要求。基于2014—2022年海南18个市县面板数据的实证研究,研究表明乡村旅游发展明显缩小了海南城乡收入差距,且这一结论在处理内生性、替换核心解释变量测度等稳健性检验中仍然成立;进一步的区域异质性检验发现,在经济发展水平较高区域和“三极”地区,发展乡村旅游对缩小城乡收入差距的效应更加显著。海南应大力推进乡村旅游建设,统筹乡村旅游布局空间优化,以实现乡村旅游引领海南乡村振兴和协调城乡发展的绿色共同富裕之路。

基于多光谱无人机的不同放牧策略对草地叶面积指数变化动态解析

针对海南岛耕地撂荒形成的草地无序放牧较为普遍的现象,以不同放牧方式(轮牧和连续放牧)、不同放牧强度(重度、中度和轻度)进行草地放牧试验,利用多光谱无人机和植被冠层分析仪,获取放牧期间日尺度草地叶面积指数(Leaf area index,LAI)信息,定量分析不同放牧策略对草地叶面积指数及牧牛行为变化的影响。研究结果表明:(1)中度放牧条件下的轮牧有利于草地LAI的提升。重度放牧时,轮牧和连续放牧草地的LAI上升的区域占草地总面积的比例分别为3.21%和12.65%;中度放牧时,轮牧和连续放牧草地的LAI上升的区域占草地总面积的比例分别为52.01%和25.83%;轻度放牧时,轮牧和连续放牧草地的LAI上升的区域占草地总面积的比例分别为61.02%和60.37%。(2)重度放牧条件下,牛的采食时间占比始终最高,随着采食时间占比的增加,草地LAI的减少量也随之增加,但当采食时间占比增加至70.88%~73.42%时,草地LAI的减少量逐渐降低。此时,草地叶面积指数下降到初始状态(第一天啃食前)的79.60%~79.90%,即牛的啃食量已经到达了草地LAI当日能够供给的极限,当超过这个极限时,草地可食用牧草大幅减少,牲畜个体采食竞争加剧,同时牛的啃食行为时间占比大大提高。研究结果有助于优选出牧场尺度下最佳的草畜管理措施,为热带草地畜牧系统的可持续发展从新的角度提供理论方法和决策支撑,助力国家生态文明试验区(海南)的建设。

壳聚糖改性生物炭对海南酸性红壤的改良试验研究

针对海南酸性红壤结构退化、地力贫瘠以及利用大量农业废弃物制备生物炭用于改良土壤的问题,通过盆栽试验筛选了适宜海南酸性红壤的改良剂。为了提高生物炭的性能,采用壳聚糖(Chitosan, C)对稻壳(Rice husk biochar, BR)、玉米芯(Corncob biochar, BC)、甘蔗渣(Sugarcane biochar, BS)、香蕉假茎(Banana pseudostem biochar, BB)4种生物炭进行改性,并分析不同生物炭和壳聚糖改性生物炭对土壤理化性质的改良效果。扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)等表征结果显示:壳聚糖改性后引入了新官能团,但壳聚糖颗粒造成了生物炭孔隙结构堵塞,致使材料比表面积减少;添加改性生物炭可使土壤pH值提升0.61~2.28,铵态氮质量浓度提升10%~43%,有效磷质量浓度提升8%~34%,速效钾质量浓度提升17%~77%,阳离子交换量(Cation Exchange Capacity, CEC)提升26%~89%,有机质质量比提升26%~107%,蔗糖酶(Sucrase, SUC)酶活性提升5%~34%,脲酶(Urease, URE)酶活性提升7%~58%。其中BB-C对土壤pH值、铵态氮质量浓度和脲酶酶活性提升效果显著,BB对土壤有效磷质量浓度、CEC和有机质质量比改良效果显著,BR对土壤速效钾质量浓度改良效果显著,BS-C对土壤蔗糖酶酶活性改良效果显著。对于土壤有效磷质量浓度、速效钾质量浓度、CEC和有机质质量比,生物炭改良效果更好;对于土壤pH值、铵态氮质量浓度、蔗糖酶酶活性、脲酶酶活性,壳聚糖改性生物炭改良效果更好。

海南地区虎乳灵芝大棚栽培技术

虎乳灵芝是一种具有较高营养价值、药用价值及经济价值的食药兼用菌,但其人工栽培技术开发较为滞后。通过栽培试验总结出海南地区虎乳灵芝大棚栽培技术,主要包括品种选择、菌种制作、大棚设置、覆土材料的选择与处理、做畦、栽培方法、培育期管理、病虫害防治、采收管理等,旨在为海南地区虎乳灵芝的大棚栽培提供技术支持。

琼北羊山古村落安全防御特征研究

海口羊山是琼北火山地区的核心区域。当地古村落独特的自然环境、移民文化、社会矛盾、耕读需求,催生了独特的防御文化。该文以羊山四个古村落作为主要研究对象,从地理位置、选址特色、空间格局、院落布局、防御工事等方面来研究物质安全防御;从血缘宗族、村规良俗、宗教信仰等方面来研究文化安全防御,推导并总结了羊山地区古村落安全防御形成原因和防御特征。同时还提出了“遗存保护”“民俗引导”“精华传承”等观点和建议。

建设森林防火设施对国家公园生物多样性的影响

通过现场调查与查阅文献相结合的方式,依据相关评价技术规范,评价建设森林防火设施对海南热带雨林国家公园生物多样性的影响。结果显示,建设森林防火设施对国家公园生物多样性影响指数为50.2,属于中低度影响。森林火灾高风险区综合治理建设对海南热带雨林国家公园生物多样性影响程度低。

Area-corrected species richness patterns of vascular plants along a tropical elevational gradient

The relationship between species richness and elevation is a hot issue in ecology and has been documented extensively.It is widely accepted that area size can significantly affect this relationship and thus mask the effects of other predictors.Despite the importance of the relationship between species richness and elevation while accounting for the area effect,it is insufficiently studied.Here,we evaluated area-corrected species richness patterns of all vascular plants as well as six vascular plant subgroups(seed plants,ferns,trees,shrubs,herbsand vines)along a tropical elevational gradient(Hainan Island,China).If assessed in equal-elevation bands,uncorrected species richness showed bell-shaped curves,while area-corrected species richness assessed in equal-area bands appeared to increase monotonically due to the small proportion of highlands on Hainan Island.The mid-domain effect(MDE) was significantly correlated with both uncorrected and area-corrected species richness.On Hainan Island,the use of equal-area elevational bands increased the explanatory power of MDE.These findings provide useful insights to adjust for the area effect and highlight the need to use equalarea bands along the elevational gradient.

海南哈方言地区黎族服饰纹样研究及其创新设计应用

随着时代的发展,黎族传统手工艺不断受到现代科技的冲击,黎族传统文化的生产环境也不断受到挤压。传统黎锦由于适用环境的变化、原材料及部分工艺的缺失,现阶段急需数字化转化以保存最原始、最完整的民族特点和传统韵味。该研究通过提取海南哈方言地区黎族纹样得出,哈黎支系图案纹样构成主要以动物纹、人纹为主体,以植物纹、其他纹样为辅;色彩主要为红、黄、蓝、白、黑五色。利用纹样这一载体分析海南哈黎纹样所蕴含的民族情感和文化信仰,并通过哈黎传统纹样的数字化保护,将其与现代审美观念相结合,从而拓宽哈黎纹样创新设计的应用场景。

Analysis on the Characteristics of the Coseismic Response of Water Levels Recorded in Three Wells in Hainan,China to the Two Sumatra-Andaman Strong Earthquakes

The characteristics of seismic water level fluctuations of the two Sumatra-Andaman strong earthquakes with magnitude 8.7 and 8.5 on December 26,2004 and March 29,2005 recorded at Jiaji well,Qionghai,Hainan were analyzed,the features of the infrequent "step" changes of well water level after the two earthquakes were also analyzed and the mechanism of the "step change" of well water level was discussed.Then the high-sample-rate digital observation data of seismically-induced water level fluctuations of the Sumatra-Andaman strong earthquakes with magnitude 8.7 and 8.5 recorded at Nanbin well,Sanya and Tanniu well,Wenchang were analyzed.The results suggest that the dominant period of the seismic well water level fluctuation in all three wells was comparatively accordant,the amplitudes of seismic water level fluctuation of the same earthquake in different wells were clearly different,the time duration of seismic water level fluctuations of different earthquakes at the same well was also clearly different.

地表基质调查的工作思路刍议:以海南岛为例

地表基质调查是当前自然资源调查监测体系中的全新领域,如何开展还缺乏统一的行动指南。在初步总结地表基质调查现状的基础上,提出从全国、大区、关键地段3个层次、分阶段组织开展全国地表基质调查的总体思路。结合海南岛地表基质发育的地质背景和赋存条件,就南方强风化区地表基质调查工作进行了实例分析。建议按照分区逐级调查与分类补充调查相结合、调查与研究并重的原则,开展海南岛全域—流域—重点区段不同层级地表基质调查。针对地表基质分类补充调查提出基础调查指标、特征调查指标和评价指标,强调热带强风化条件下海陆交互作用、表生地质作用和多圈层相互作用对地表基质的控制与影响。在查清海南岛地表基质现状和演化规律的基础上,开展地表基质的综合评价和区划,探索形成热带强风化区地表基质调查的技术方法。

海南城乡数字鸿沟的统计测度

数字经济在推动经济增长的同时,也导致了数字鸿沟的出现,特别是城乡之间的数字鸿沟尤为突出。本文从个人和社会两个层面构建城乡数字鸿沟指标体系,并以海南为研究对象,采用因子分析法进行实证分析,结果表明,海南城乡之间的数字鸿沟呈现波动变化,其中2015—2018年呈现下降趋势,2018—2020年呈现上升趋势,文后深入分析造成海南城乡数字鸿沟变化的原因,旨在助力海南城乡统筹发展。

2018和2020年海南省脱贫地区居民健康素养水平分析

目的了解2018和2020年海南省脱贫地区居民健康素养水平变化趋势,并研究其影响因素,为今后制定脱贫地区健康促进政策提供依据。方法对2018年和2020年海南省脱贫地区15~69岁常住人口开展健康素养监测并进行数据分析,采用分层多阶段整群概率抽样法。结果2018年、2020年分别调查海南省5个脱贫市县常住居民1013人和2286人。2018年、2020年海南省脱贫地区居民健康素养水平分别为5.56%和15.05%。2018年和2020年健康素养的3个方面中健康行为与生活方式素养始终最低。对2020年监测数据进行多因素Logistic回归分析显示,少数民族(OR=0.569)健康素养水平较汉族低,文化程度高(OR=2.237~19.823),健康素养水平越高。结论2018—2020年开展了“贫困地区健康促进三年攻坚行动”,3年间海南省脱贫地区健康素养水平明显提升,但仍处于较低水平,其中民族、文化程度是主要的影响因素。

全域旅游背景下海南民族地区区域旅游合作的可行性分析及推进策略

海南民族地区拥有丰富的自然旅游资源和民族人文资源,且把旅游产业作为主导产业。在建设自由贸易港和创建全域旅游示范省的背景下,海南民族地区迎来了区域旅游一体化发展的新机遇。文章在分析海南民族地区区域旅游合作的可行性和必要性的基础上,提出了推进区域旅游合作的策略,为海南民族地区旅游业一体化发展提供参考,并为其他经济欠发达地区开展跨县域旅游合作提供借鉴。

海南三亚地区全新世海滩岩地球化学特征及沉积古地理环境意义

通过野外调查、薄片分析、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射技术、^(14)C年龄测试、微区微量元素分析等,对海南岛南部海岸线上分布的三亚地区海滩岩的表面性质和胶结物特征进行了分析,探讨了海滩岩形成机制及形成的沉积古环境。三亚地区海滩岩由与现在海岸线平行的向海倾斜的低角度岩层构成,岩性为以浅褐色—灰黄色钙质胶结的含砾粗中粒长石(石英)砂岩和以灰黄色钙质胶结的含生物屑砂质砾岩为主,其胶结物主要是钙质,主要由亚稳态碳酸盐相、高镁方解石以及文石组成,从扫描电镜和薄片来看,主要形态是针状、泥晶,是典型的海相潜水沉淀。海滩岩中贝壳AMS ^(14)C年龄结果为(4570±30)a BP,表明海滩岩形成于全新世中期。胶结物的稀土元素总量较低,总体表现呈微弱的左倾轻稀土亏损型曲线,轻、重稀土分异不强,具有弱的Eu正异常,轻微的Ce负异常及弱的La正异常,Sr/Ba、Th/U、V/Cr、V/(V+Ni)及Sr/Cu比值特征指示了海滩岩形成于海洋环境和干旱气候条件。