<strong>Background</strong>: <span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As a part of modern life, using electromagnetic field exposure has increased. EMFs might ...<strong>Background</strong>: <span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As a part of modern life, using electromagnetic field exposure has increased. EMFs might produce a variety of adverse effects on different parts of human body including the reproductive system. The consequences of exposure to the emitted EMFs from a hair dryer on sperm parameters were the major concerns of the present study.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fifty four adult Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 9 groups. Samples from all experimental groups received exposure with two different modes: switch on (hot wind) and switch off (cold wind). Samples of group 1 (control) maintained under experimental conditions without any exposure. The exposure protocol for samples in groups 2 to 9 were 10</span></span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off. After exposure sperm motility was analyzed with a light microscope as a blind experiment. Nonparametric tests were used to detect statistically significant differences between different groups. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Findings of our study indicat</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> no significant changes in the frequency of sluggish and non-motile sperms of rats in the control group compared to all treatment groups and showed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">statistically significant differences between the relative frequency of progressive </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sperms in control group rats compared to all treatment groups except groups 2 and 7. There were no statically significant changes</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">between groups with different time and distance. Sperm count and morphology were not affected by microwave emitted from hair dryer. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Exposure to the hair dryer microwaves affects sperm motility, which is amongst the key parameters determining the chance of conceiving.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
文摘<strong>Background</strong>: <span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As a part of modern life, using electromagnetic field exposure has increased. EMFs might produce a variety of adverse effects on different parts of human body including the reproductive system. The consequences of exposure to the emitted EMFs from a hair dryer on sperm parameters were the major concerns of the present study.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fifty four adult Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 9 groups. Samples from all experimental groups received exposure with two different modes: switch on (hot wind) and switch off (cold wind). Samples of group 1 (control) maintained under experimental conditions without any exposure. The exposure protocol for samples in groups 2 to 9 were 10</span></span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off. After exposure sperm motility was analyzed with a light microscope as a blind experiment. Nonparametric tests were used to detect statistically significant differences between different groups. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Findings of our study indicat</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> no significant changes in the frequency of sluggish and non-motile sperms of rats in the control group compared to all treatment groups and showed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">statistically significant differences between the relative frequency of progressive </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sperms in control group rats compared to all treatment groups except groups 2 and 7. There were no statically significant changes</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">between groups with different time and distance. Sperm count and morphology were not affected by microwave emitted from hair dryer. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Exposure to the hair dryer microwaves affects sperm motility, which is amongst the key parameters determining the chance of conceiving.</span></span></span></span>