Based on comprehensive analysis of core,cast thin section,logging and seismic data,the sedimentary and reservoir architectures of the MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation in Halfaya Oilfield,Iraq,are studied.The MB ...Based on comprehensive analysis of core,cast thin section,logging and seismic data,the sedimentary and reservoir architectures of the MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation in Halfaya Oilfield,Iraq,are studied.The MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation has three types of microfacies,lagoon,bioclastic shoal,and tidal channel,and facies architecture controlled by sequence stratigraphy.In the 4th-order sequence,the lagoon facies aggradated vertically,and the bioclastic shoals in lenticular shape embed in the background of lagoon,the end of the sequence is incised by the"meandering river"shape tide channel,which represents the depositional discontinuity.Three types of reservoirs including tidal channel grainstone to packstone reservoirs,bioclastic shoal grainstone to packstone reservoirs and dissolved lagoon wackestone reservoirs are developed.The reservoir architectures within tidal channel and bioclastic shoal are strickly controlled by grainy facies,whereas the dissolved lagoon reservoirs controlled by both facies and dissolution are related to the sequence boundary.The reservoir sections occur mainly in the 4 th sequence highstand systems tract(HST)and are separated by barriers formed in the transgressive systems tract(TST).Complicated facies architecture and dissolution modification resulted in strong heterogeneity within the reservoir,which showed the characteristics of"attic type"architecture.The results of this study can guide the development of similar reservoirs in the Middle East.展开更多
Based on systematically summarizing the achievements of previous ion-matched waterflooding researches,the diversity and synergy of oil recovery enhancement mechanisms and the interaction between mechanisms are examine...Based on systematically summarizing the achievements of previous ion-matched waterflooding researches,the diversity and synergy of oil recovery enhancement mechanisms and the interaction between mechanisms are examined according to two classification standards,and the influence of behaviors of different ions on different mechanisms and oil displacement efficiency are investigated.Ionic strength is proposed to characterize the behavior differences of univalent and divalent ions,the relationships between ionic strength,effective concentration,and mechanisms are established to characterize the ion behavior behind various mechanisms,and evaluate the performance of ion-matched injection water.The mechanisms of enhancing oil recovery by ion-matched waterflooding include:(1)The ion-matched water can reduce the ion strength and match the ion composition of formation water,thereby reducing the difference between the effective concentration of univalent ions and divalent ions on the surface of carbonate rocks,and improving the effective concentration of potential determining ions(especially SO42-).(2)It can improve wettability,oil-water interface properties,pore structure and physical properties of the reservoir,and finally enable the establishment of a new ionic equilibrium conducive to waterflooding while breaking the original equilibrium.In this study,experiments such as relative permeability curve,interfacial tension,and core-flooding were carried out on carbonate core samples from the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation reservoirs in Halfaya Oilfield,Middle East,a method for injection water evaluation was established and the injection water suitable for these reservoirs was selected:6 times diluted seawater.Compared with ordinary seawater,oil displacement efficiency can be increased by more than 4.60%and compared with the optimum dilution of formation water,oil displacement efficiency can be increased by 3.14%.展开更多
Nahr Umr B是伊拉克Halfaya油田的重要储集层,地层测试数据的缺乏给储层的含油性评价和测井解释带来了极大的挑战。基于岩心观察和岩石物理试验,结合常规测井、核磁共振测井以及有限的试油资料进行研究区复杂岩性储层含油性评价:首先确...Nahr Umr B是伊拉克Halfaya油田的重要储集层,地层测试数据的缺乏给储层的含油性评价和测井解释带来了极大的挑战。基于岩心观察和岩石物理试验,结合常规测井、核磁共振测井以及有限的试油资料进行研究区复杂岩性储层含油性评价:首先确定储层的孔隙度下限为12%,建立电阻率-孔隙度交会图识别油、水层;然后通过试验确定的胶结指数、饱和度指数以及地层水电阻率等关键参数,计算含油饱和度,建立含油饱和度-孔隙度交会图识别油、水层;再利用电阻率-孔隙度曲线相关性分析法识别油、水层;最后,对比分析上述3种图版的适用性,提出了Nahr Umr B复杂岩性储层含油性评价的优选方案。通过实际测井资料的处理和解释,验证了该优选方案的可靠性,为研究区的含油性测井评价以及提高解释符合率提供了借鉴。展开更多
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05004-002)
文摘Based on comprehensive analysis of core,cast thin section,logging and seismic data,the sedimentary and reservoir architectures of the MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation in Halfaya Oilfield,Iraq,are studied.The MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation has three types of microfacies,lagoon,bioclastic shoal,and tidal channel,and facies architecture controlled by sequence stratigraphy.In the 4th-order sequence,the lagoon facies aggradated vertically,and the bioclastic shoals in lenticular shape embed in the background of lagoon,the end of the sequence is incised by the"meandering river"shape tide channel,which represents the depositional discontinuity.Three types of reservoirs including tidal channel grainstone to packstone reservoirs,bioclastic shoal grainstone to packstone reservoirs and dissolved lagoon wackestone reservoirs are developed.The reservoir architectures within tidal channel and bioclastic shoal are strickly controlled by grainy facies,whereas the dissolved lagoon reservoirs controlled by both facies and dissolution are related to the sequence boundary.The reservoir sections occur mainly in the 4 th sequence highstand systems tract(HST)and are separated by barriers formed in the transgressive systems tract(TST).Complicated facies architecture and dissolution modification resulted in strong heterogeneity within the reservoir,which showed the characteristics of"attic type"architecture.The results of this study can guide the development of similar reservoirs in the Middle East.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX05030-001).
文摘Based on systematically summarizing the achievements of previous ion-matched waterflooding researches,the diversity and synergy of oil recovery enhancement mechanisms and the interaction between mechanisms are examined according to two classification standards,and the influence of behaviors of different ions on different mechanisms and oil displacement efficiency are investigated.Ionic strength is proposed to characterize the behavior differences of univalent and divalent ions,the relationships between ionic strength,effective concentration,and mechanisms are established to characterize the ion behavior behind various mechanisms,and evaluate the performance of ion-matched injection water.The mechanisms of enhancing oil recovery by ion-matched waterflooding include:(1)The ion-matched water can reduce the ion strength and match the ion composition of formation water,thereby reducing the difference between the effective concentration of univalent ions and divalent ions on the surface of carbonate rocks,and improving the effective concentration of potential determining ions(especially SO42-).(2)It can improve wettability,oil-water interface properties,pore structure and physical properties of the reservoir,and finally enable the establishment of a new ionic equilibrium conducive to waterflooding while breaking the original equilibrium.In this study,experiments such as relative permeability curve,interfacial tension,and core-flooding were carried out on carbonate core samples from the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation reservoirs in Halfaya Oilfield,Middle East,a method for injection water evaluation was established and the injection water suitable for these reservoirs was selected:6 times diluted seawater.Compared with ordinary seawater,oil displacement efficiency can be increased by more than 4.60%and compared with the optimum dilution of formation water,oil displacement efficiency can be increased by 3.14%.
文摘Nahr Umr B是伊拉克Halfaya油田的重要储集层,地层测试数据的缺乏给储层的含油性评价和测井解释带来了极大的挑战。基于岩心观察和岩石物理试验,结合常规测井、核磁共振测井以及有限的试油资料进行研究区复杂岩性储层含油性评价:首先确定储层的孔隙度下限为12%,建立电阻率-孔隙度交会图识别油、水层;然后通过试验确定的胶结指数、饱和度指数以及地层水电阻率等关键参数,计算含油饱和度,建立含油饱和度-孔隙度交会图识别油、水层;再利用电阻率-孔隙度曲线相关性分析法识别油、水层;最后,对比分析上述3种图版的适用性,提出了Nahr Umr B复杂岩性储层含油性评价的优选方案。通过实际测井资料的处理和解释,验证了该优选方案的可靠性,为研究区的含油性测井评价以及提高解释符合率提供了借鉴。
