Aim: The management of complex dorsal hand wounds with extensor tendon loss is controversial. Treatment has focused on soft tissue coverage, but there is limited evidence comparing immediate vs. staged tendon reconstr...Aim: The management of complex dorsal hand wounds with extensor tendon loss is controversial. Treatment has focused on soft tissue coverage, but there is limited evidence comparing immediate vs. staged tendon reconstruction. This review evaluates existing literature to determine the optimal management of composite hand defects. Methods: A MEDLINE database review was performed including objective measurements such as number of operations, total active motion, grip strength, days to maximum range of motion (ROM), and return to work. Data extraction included demographics, surgical techniques, complications, and relative outcome. We compared primary and secondary staged reconstruction to correlate any significant differences in outcome and determine optimal timing and technique for extensor tendon reconstruction. We extracted information on flap types including regional and free tissue transfer with tendinous components vs. staged tendon grafts. Results: Comparison of outcomes showed that patients with immediate reconstruction had fewer operations, faster return to maximum ROM, and greater chance of returning to work. The most successful single stage flaps include the radial forearm, suitable for reconstructing one to three tendons and the dorsalis pedis for three or four tendons;however, there were significantly more complications in immediate reconstruction particularly regarding donor site morbidity. Pedicled flaps had better total active motion. The two-stage approach resulted in acceptable functional outcomes without significant complications. ;Conclusion: Immediate cutaneous tendinous flaps have clear advantages over staged approaches for reconstruction ofcomposite dorsal hand wounds. Benefits include less operations, faster time to maximum ROM, and higher percent of patients returning to work;however, significantly more flap related complications were seen. Immediate pedicled radial forearm provided the best total active motion with least complications. When patient circumstances dictate, a fascial perforator free flap offers a suitable environment for staged tendon grafts with good functional outcomes reported albeit longer time to achieve them.展开更多
BACKGROUND: This prospective observational study aimed to determine the infection rate of simple hand laceration(SHL), and to compare infection rates between patients who were prescribed antibiotics and those who were...BACKGROUND: This prospective observational study aimed to determine the infection rate of simple hand laceration(SHL), and to compare infection rates between patients who were prescribed antibiotics and those who were not.METHODS: The study was performed at two urban hospitals enrolling 125 emergency department(ED) patients with SHL. Exclusion criteria included patients with lacerations for more than 12 hours, immunocompromized patients, patients given antibiotics, and patients with gross contamination, bites or crush injuries. Wound infection was defined as clinical infection at a follow-up visit(10–14 days) or wound was treated with antibiotics. Patient satisfaction was also measured using a visual analogue scale 1–10, asking the patients about wound appearance. Demographic data and wound characteristics were compared between the infected and non-infected wounds. The infection rates were also compared between patients who received prophylactic antibiotics and those who did not. The results were presented with medians and quartiles or percentages with 95% confidence intervals(CI).RESULTS: In the 125 patients with SHL [median age: 28(18, 43); range: 1–102 years old; 36% female], 44(35%, 95% CI: 27%–44%) were given antibiotics in the ED. Wound infection was reported in 6 patients(4.8%, 95% CI: 2%–10%). Age, gender, history of diabetes and wound closure were not associated with wound infection(P>0.05). The infection rate was not significantly different between patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis [7%(3/44), 95% CI: 2%–10% vs. 4%(3/81), 95% CI: 1%–11%, P=0.66]. Patient's satisfaction with appearance ofinfected and non-infected wounds were significantly different [7.5(6, 8) vs. 9(8, 10), P=0.01].CONCLUSION: Approximately 5% of simple hand lacerations become infected. Age, gender, diabetes, prophylactic antibiotics and closure technique do not affect the risk ofinfection.展开更多
目的:探讨改良封闭负压引流(vaccum seal i ng drai nage,VSD)技术在腹部皮瓣供瓣区应用的临床效果。方法:选择2010年2月～2012年1月期间行腹部皮瓣修复手或上肢创面的患者14例,创面大小为15cm×10cm～9cm×5cm。创面清创后行...目的:探讨改良封闭负压引流(vaccum seal i ng drai nage,VSD)技术在腹部皮瓣供瓣区应用的临床效果。方法:选择2010年2月～2012年1月期间行腹部皮瓣修复手或上肢创面的患者14例,创面大小为15cm×10cm～9cm×5cm。创面清创后行腹部随意皮瓣转移,皮瓣长宽比例在2:1以内,面积15cm×12cm～9cm×7cm。供瓣区及皮瓣蒂部裸露区应用医用海绵覆盖,医用半透性粘贴薄膜封闭整个术区。连接负压吸引装置,腹带固定患肢。术后第2天,在医用海绵的远端,刺入静脉输液针,每天500ml生理盐水持续进行灌洗。皮瓣移植14～18天后行皮瓣断蒂术,术后10～12天切口拆线。结果:所有病例皮瓣全部成活,切口甲级愈合13例,乙级愈合1例。9例患者供瓣区通过局部皮瓣转移后,直接缝合,未予植皮。4例患者行局部部分拉拢缝合,缩小创面后,移植皮片覆盖。植皮面积8cm×5cm～5cm×3cm。无VSD装置更换病例。3例患者术后当天出现负压引流区轻度疼痛。其余患者无不适反应。所有病例静脉输液针穿刺孔未发生可见漏气现象,未影响负压引流的正常进行。结论:改良VSD技术延长了VSD装置的使用时间,明显减少了VSD的并发症;改良VSD技术减少了腹部供瓣区的植皮率,降低了术区感染率,简化了腹部皮瓣手术过程。展开更多
基金Paul J.Weatherby,BS and Pablo L.Padilla,MD University of Texas Medical Branch,301 University Blvd.Galveston,TX 77555.Paul J.Weatherby and Pablo L.Padilla,assisted with literature review data collection and compilation
文摘Aim: The management of complex dorsal hand wounds with extensor tendon loss is controversial. Treatment has focused on soft tissue coverage, but there is limited evidence comparing immediate vs. staged tendon reconstruction. This review evaluates existing literature to determine the optimal management of composite hand defects. Methods: A MEDLINE database review was performed including objective measurements such as number of operations, total active motion, grip strength, days to maximum range of motion (ROM), and return to work. Data extraction included demographics, surgical techniques, complications, and relative outcome. We compared primary and secondary staged reconstruction to correlate any significant differences in outcome and determine optimal timing and technique for extensor tendon reconstruction. We extracted information on flap types including regional and free tissue transfer with tendinous components vs. staged tendon grafts. Results: Comparison of outcomes showed that patients with immediate reconstruction had fewer operations, faster return to maximum ROM, and greater chance of returning to work. The most successful single stage flaps include the radial forearm, suitable for reconstructing one to three tendons and the dorsalis pedis for three or four tendons;however, there were significantly more complications in immediate reconstruction particularly regarding donor site morbidity. Pedicled flaps had better total active motion. The two-stage approach resulted in acceptable functional outcomes without significant complications. ;Conclusion: Immediate cutaneous tendinous flaps have clear advantages over staged approaches for reconstruction ofcomposite dorsal hand wounds. Benefits include less operations, faster time to maximum ROM, and higher percent of patients returning to work;however, significantly more flap related complications were seen. Immediate pedicled radial forearm provided the best total active motion with least complications. When patient circumstances dictate, a fascial perforator free flap offers a suitable environment for staged tendon grafts with good functional outcomes reported albeit longer time to achieve them.
基金in part was funded by a medical student grant($2500)by the Emergency Medicine Foundation
文摘BACKGROUND: This prospective observational study aimed to determine the infection rate of simple hand laceration(SHL), and to compare infection rates between patients who were prescribed antibiotics and those who were not.METHODS: The study was performed at two urban hospitals enrolling 125 emergency department(ED) patients with SHL. Exclusion criteria included patients with lacerations for more than 12 hours, immunocompromized patients, patients given antibiotics, and patients with gross contamination, bites or crush injuries. Wound infection was defined as clinical infection at a follow-up visit(10–14 days) or wound was treated with antibiotics. Patient satisfaction was also measured using a visual analogue scale 1–10, asking the patients about wound appearance. Demographic data and wound characteristics were compared between the infected and non-infected wounds. The infection rates were also compared between patients who received prophylactic antibiotics and those who did not. The results were presented with medians and quartiles or percentages with 95% confidence intervals(CI).RESULTS: In the 125 patients with SHL [median age: 28(18, 43); range: 1–102 years old; 36% female], 44(35%, 95% CI: 27%–44%) were given antibiotics in the ED. Wound infection was reported in 6 patients(4.8%, 95% CI: 2%–10%). Age, gender, history of diabetes and wound closure were not associated with wound infection(P>0.05). The infection rate was not significantly different between patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis [7%(3/44), 95% CI: 2%–10% vs. 4%(3/81), 95% CI: 1%–11%, P=0.66]. Patient's satisfaction with appearance ofinfected and non-infected wounds were significantly different [7.5(6, 8) vs. 9(8, 10), P=0.01].CONCLUSION: Approximately 5% of simple hand lacerations become infected. Age, gender, diabetes, prophylactic antibiotics and closure technique do not affect the risk ofinfection.
文摘目的:探讨改良封闭负压引流(vaccum seal i ng drai nage,VSD)技术在腹部皮瓣供瓣区应用的临床效果。方法:选择2010年2月～2012年1月期间行腹部皮瓣修复手或上肢创面的患者14例,创面大小为15cm×10cm～9cm×5cm。创面清创后行腹部随意皮瓣转移,皮瓣长宽比例在2:1以内,面积15cm×12cm～9cm×7cm。供瓣区及皮瓣蒂部裸露区应用医用海绵覆盖,医用半透性粘贴薄膜封闭整个术区。连接负压吸引装置,腹带固定患肢。术后第2天,在医用海绵的远端,刺入静脉输液针,每天500ml生理盐水持续进行灌洗。皮瓣移植14～18天后行皮瓣断蒂术,术后10～12天切口拆线。结果:所有病例皮瓣全部成活,切口甲级愈合13例,乙级愈合1例。9例患者供瓣区通过局部皮瓣转移后,直接缝合,未予植皮。4例患者行局部部分拉拢缝合,缩小创面后,移植皮片覆盖。植皮面积8cm×5cm～5cm×3cm。无VSD装置更换病例。3例患者术后当天出现负压引流区轻度疼痛。其余患者无不适反应。所有病例静脉输液针穿刺孔未发生可见漏气现象,未影响负压引流的正常进行。结论:改良VSD技术延长了VSD装置的使用时间,明显减少了VSD的并发症;改良VSD技术减少了腹部供瓣区的植皮率,降低了术区感染率,简化了腹部皮瓣手术过程。
