Motion/Posture Modeling and Simulation Verification of Physically Handicapped in Manufacturing System Design

Non-obstacle design is critical to tailor physically handicapped workers in manufacturing system. Simultaneous consideration of variability in physically disabled users, machines and environment of the manufacturing system is extremely complex and generally requires modeling of physically handicapped interaction with the system. Most current modeling either concentrates on the task results or functional disability. The integration of physical constraints with task constraints is far more complex because of functional disability and its extended influence on adjacent body parts. A framework is proposed to integrate the two constraints and thus model the specific behavior of the physical handicapped in virtual environment generated by product specifications. Within the framework a simplified model of physical disabled body is constructed, and body motion is generated based on 3 levels of constraints（effecter constraints, kinematics constraints and physical constraints）. The kinematics and dynamic calculations are made and optimized based on the weighting manipulated by the kinematics constraints and dynamic constraints. With object transferring task as example, the model is validated in Jack 6.0. Modelled task motion elements except for squatting and overreaching well matched with captured motion elements. The proposed modeling method can model the complex behavior of the physically handicapped by integrating both task and physical disability constraints.

Transient Macroamylasemia in a Severely Multiple-Handicapped Child Following the Development of Acute Bronchitis

Macroamylasemia is a condition of elevated serum amylase levels in which normal serum amylase form a complex with high molecular weight proteins such as immunoglobulins. This is a case report on a patient with macroamylasemia following acute asthmatic bronchitis. A 5-year-old male with cerebral palsy and developmental retardation was admitted to our hospital because of high fever and severe cough. Treatment of the respiratory symptoms provided symptomatic improvement, but the serum amylase levels became suddenly elevated. Although acute pancreatitis associated with respiratory infection was initially suspected, a predominant salivary isoamylase, normal serum lipase level, low urine amylase level, and low amylase-creatinine clearance ratio (ACCR) (0.58%) indicated macroamylasemia. The serum amylase level decreased, and the ACCR increased within normal range 2 weeks after discharge. Both of these indicators have been within normal range over the past year. Transient macroamylasemia can be misdiagnosed as acute pancreatitis, especially in a severely multiple-handicapped child who is unable to complain. The ACCR is useful in the diagnosis of macroamylasemia.

Tinnitus characteristics and associated variables on Tinnitus Handicap Inventory among a Hungarian population

Background:Tinnitus is a sound precepted without an external sound stimulus.Its background can be categorised into primary and secondary cases.The secondary cases include pathologies of the external,middle and inner ear.Tinnitus can be objective or subjective;the latter can only identified by the sufferer.Previous research results have shown that tinnitus significantly affects the quality of life and daily functioning.Objectives:To analyse the impact of tinnitus on the daily functioning and the possible influence of demographical data and tinnitus duration on it.Methods:630 patients(265 males and 365 females,25e85 years of age)suffering from primary tinnitus were enrolled.In the Hungarian language,these patients completed the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI)questionnaire and underwent a complete otorhinolaryngological examination.IBM SPSS V24 software was used for data processing;correlation tests,the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric tests were used.Results:According to the THI questionnaires outcomes,most patients(62.5%)were presented with a mild handicap.Based on statistical analysis,no significant correlation was observed between the total THI points and the age of the patients,along with the duration and localisation of the symptoms.However,the total THI scores of male and female patients significantly differed,indicating higher THI values in the female group(p=0.00052*).Conclusions:The tinnitus severity was not affected by the duration,localisation of the symptoms and age but by gender,indicating higher values in the case of females.

Enhanced Surveillance for National (Handicapped) Sports Games in Wakayama, Japan 2015

Introduction: We undertook enhanced surveillance of the 2015 Kinokuni Wakayama National Sports Games (70th National Sports Games) and the Kinokuni Wakayama Handicapped Sports Games (15th National Handicapped Sports Games) held in Wakayama prefecture in 2015, for which this paper presented operational details and an evaluation. Methods: Enhanced surveillance conducted involved (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance system ((N)SASSy), Prescription Surveillance, and Ambulance Transfer Surveillance from 30 August through 9 November. We evaluated those surveillances on all days including weekends, integrated the results as a daily report, and published it on the web. Results: We found no cluster or cases requiring more tracing and investigation except for suspected cases of rubella in (N)SASSy. Moreover, no moderate aberration was found for two consecutive days for the same area and symptom. Conclusion: Our experience with this enhanced surveillance presents important lessons for countermeasures by local governments for mass gatherings or politically important events.

An Analysis of the Global and Partial Voice Handicap Index in Patients with Early Glottic Carcinoma Treated with High Level of Irradiation

Background: This is a retrospective study on a group of patients with early glottic carcinoma, treated with curative radiotherapy. The aim of the study is to assess voice quality after treatment. We also evaluated local recurrence, overall survival, disease free survival and toxicity. Material and Methods: We examined a total of 36 patients, out of which 27 were smokers: 10 females/5 smokers;26 males/22 smokers. The sample was observed from January 2007 to July 2012 (average follow-up period: 33.5 months, range 12 - 76). Diagnosis of early glottic carcinoma was eight during the two-year period 2007/2008, nine during 2009/2010, eleven during year 2011 and eight during year 2012. All patients suffering from early glottic carcinoma, histopathologically confirmed, were classified as follows: 24 patients T1a, 3 patients T1b, 6 patients T2 and 3 patients had a carcinoma in situ. They were treated only with conventional radiotherapy. After the treatment (total dose 70 Gy), patients were asked to fill out the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) questionnaire, composed of 30 questions that covered physical, emotional and functional areas. Results: The global VHI was evidenced with good voice quality (62% of patients: VHI < 30;34% of patients: VHI 31 - 60). Vocal disability was mild in over 70% of patients within the physical area and over 80% within the emotional area. We observed two local recurrences, one occurred five years after the end of radiation therapy and one six months after. In terms of toxicity, we observed that acute reactions, such as dysphonia, dysphagia and erythema, were relatively limited. Conclusions: The VHI index suggests that radiotherapy produces acceptable functional results, with limited repercussion on life quality. In line with literature, our data confirmed good cure rates and larynx preservation (94.4%).

A Preliminary Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis on Voice Handicap Index Results of the Greek Voice-Disordered Patients

Objective(s): The cutting-edge assessment of voice disorders includes objective and subjective methods in the daily clinical practice. The latter assessment is usually performed through the administration of self-reported questionnaires. Voice Handicap Index (VHI) is one of the most widely used tools both in clinical practice and in research level. This tool-questionnaire was employed in this research along with the Voice Evaluation Template (VEF). In turn, the aim of this study was to analyse and produce the cut-off points of VHI for voice-disordered patients in Greece by using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves (ROC Curves). Methods: Sixty-three participants (40 non-dysphonic and 23 with different types of dysphonia) were classified by ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) doctors and SLPs (Speech-Language Pathologists). The Hellenic VHI along with the translated Greek version of the VEF was administered to the subjects of this research. Results: The voice-disordered subjects exhibited higher overall VHI scores (in total and in its 3 subdomains) compared to the control group. Statistical significant differences were found between dysphonic and non-dysphonic participants for all VHI’s construct domains. The cut-off point of VHI total score was estimated at the value of 14.50 (sensitivity: 0.870, 1-specificity: 0.000). Moreover, the cut-off points of the three subdomains were computed as 7.50 for functional (sensitivity: 0.783, 1-specificity: 0.000), 8.50 for physical (sensitivity: 0.739, 1-specificity: 0.000) and 8.50 for emotional domain (sensitivity: 0.783, 1-specificity: 0.050). Conclusion: The preliminary statistical and ROC data analysis of VHI concluded that by using this type of assessment method, populations with or without voice disorders (in Greece) can be distinguished. Albeit this tool is a non-interventional method it could consequently offer an adequate screening and monitoring capability.

Preliminary Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis on Voice Handicap Index of Laryngeal Inflammation in Greek Patients

Objective(s): Laryngeal inflammations lead to voice disorders. Medical conditions such as chronic laryngitis, gastroesophageal reflux, laryngopharyngeal reflux, Reinke edema and/or vocal folds hemorrhage, result in diverse symptoms including chronic cough, throat cleaning and dysphonia (e.g. hoarseness). In turn, the dysphonic symptoms can be evaluated via subjective and objective procedures. The objective procedures usually include self-perceived questionnaires like the Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Studies reported that VHI can distinguish objectively dysphonic and non-dysphonic populations using the cut-off points of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves. The purpose of this study was to calculate the cut-off points for individuals exhibiting voice symptoms which had been developed from laryngeal inflammatory diseases in Greece. Methods: One hundred and twelve participants (90 non-dysphonic and 22 dysphonic) filled in the Hellenic Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and the Greek translated version of Voice Evaluation Template (VEF) were administrated. All subjects were evaluated by an Otolaryngologist and a Speech-Language Pathologist. Results: The group with voice disorders exhibited higher VHI scores (in total and in its 3 subdomains) compared to non-dysphonic subgroup. Statistical significant differences were found for all VHI’s total cut-off point of 19.50 (sensitivity: 0.882, 1-specificity: 0.011) and for its three subdomains [functional 6.50 (sensitivity = 0.636, and 1-specificity = 0.022);physical 9.50 (sensitivity = 0.636, and 1-specificity = 0.000);emotional 6.50 (sensitivity = 0.455, and 1-specificity = 0.133)]. Conclusion: The preliminary results showed that VHI could discriminate individuals having voice disorders from laryngeal inflammations. The Voice Handicap Index can be used as a primary health care tool and a self-monitoring procedure in acute and sub-acute phases of the laryngeal inflammation.

What China Has Done for Its Handicapped People

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From “Handicapped” to “Physically Challenged”: the Discourse Transformation in China's Cause of the Physically Challenged in the New Era

In the human rights discourse of China, the terminology used for canfei(handicapped) was changed to canji(persons with disabilities) and then canzhang(physically challenged), which has literally manifested the unfolding of the new philosophy for the physically challenged. In particular, the achievements of the China physically-challenged programs in the new era shows that at both institutional and mindset dimensions, it has stepped beyond the definition of canji and entered into the higher level featured by the term canzhang. As for the future practical strategies of the national physically-challenged programs, it is important to hold on the ideas of socialist humanism, and to explore the constitutional model and human rights model for physically-challenged rights protection. This is also the major clue to conclude the achievements of the two "30 years" physically-challenged programs since the establishment of the PRC. Countries worldwide, particularly developing countries, can draw experience from this China model of developing the programs and strategies of human rights-based governance. The Chinese experience and theories also can be shared by community with a shared future for human beings.

Handicapped or Disabled? a Predictable Shift in Legal Terminology

The negative impact of the term canji ren("handicapped person")has gradually come to be recognized.The terms canzhang ren("person with disabilities")and canji ren("handicapped person")have been used interchangeably in academia.However,such interchangeable use causes difficulties for both law enforcement and the judiciary,and also gives rise to public confusion.Based on the etymology of"disabled",its Chinese translation,and a survey of the three models of the concept of"disability",it is apparent that the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities adopts an"integrated definition"of disability.Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Disabled Persons defines handicapped person in much the same way as the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities,with only minor deviations.Hence,to replace the term handicapped person with persons with disabilities is both in line with relevant provisions of the Convention as well as the legislative intent of China’s"Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons".In addition,this benefits the elimination of social discrimination and prejudice,as well as expanding the scope of legal protection.

Better Guarantee for Handicapped

The Chinese government attaches much importance to the protection of the rights and interests of the handicapped people. In 2001, it started to implement the Outlined Program for the Development of the Handicapped for 2001-2005. With the protection of the basic living and strengthening the grassroots handicapped people as the emphasis, the program sets the tasks and targets and main measures for the cause of the handicapped people during the tenth five-year plan period. In the meanwhile, the state has strengthened legal protection of the rights and interests of the handi-

Love Makes Their Life Worth——Story about Shao Junke's help for the handicapped

The handicapped, a special group in society, usually encounter many difficulties in employment, marriage, and daily life.Some difficulties are what they cannot conquer by themselves. It is also not easy for them to integrate into society. However, if there is a person who helps the hand- icapped find a job, build up confidence and make their life worth; if there is a person who helps them set up their families and incorporate in a harmonious community;

Life of Old,Sick and Handicapped Prisoners in China

At the foot of the Great Wall northwest of Beijing, there is a special prison, called Yanqing Prison. It is special, because it gathers all theimprisoned old, sick and handicapped offenders in the Beijing area for the purpose of facilitating management.

Protect Rights and Interests of the Handicapped

Yuncheng is a city in the southwestern part of North China＇s Shanxi Province. It has a handicapped population of 223,000 or 4.5% of the total population of 4.985 million. The city has made big progress in protecting the rights and interests of handicapped people since the handicapped associations were set up at the city and county levels.

人工耳蜗植入对成人语后聋患者植入侧耳鸣的影响

目的 探究成人语后聋患者人工耳蜗植入术后植入侧耳鸣的变化,并分析其影响因素。方法 2017年1月~2021年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院耳科进行单侧人工耳蜗植入的47例成人语后聋伴耳鸣患者,分别于术前和术后开机6个月进行耳鸣问卷评估,评估材料为耳鸣障碍量表(tinnitus handicap inventory,THI)和视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS),比较人工耳蜗植入术后患者耳鸣的变化,并分析其可能的影响因素。结果 47例患者人工耳蜗植入术前、术后开机6个月时THI评分别为36.94±13.337、14.48±12.726分,VAS评分分别为5.13±1.676、2.34±1.903分,术后评分均较术前降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中18例患者耳鸣完全消失,13例患者耳鸣减轻,14例患者耳鸣无变化,2例患者耳鸣加重,总体耳鸣有效率为66.0%(31/47);术前耳鸣病程与耳鸣严重程度对术后耳鸣预后有影响(P<0.05),术前耳鸣病程≤5年、中度及以上耳鸣组耳鸣有效率分别高于耳鸣病程>5年(P<0.05)、轻微及轻度耳鸣组(P<0.001)。结论 人工耳蜗植入对成年语后聋患者植入侧耳鸣具有抑制作用;术前耳鸣病程短、耳鸣程度重的患者术后耳鸣改善的可能性更大。

侧颈低领切口入路在甲状腺手术中的应用

目的探讨侧颈低领切口入路在甲状腺手术中应用的可行性和优点。方法选取2021年1月至2022年1月宿州市立医院甲状腺肿瘤病人80例,依据手术治疗方式不同分为观察组与对照组,各40例。观察组行侧颈区低领切口入路甲状腺切除术,对照组行传统颈前低领切口中间入路甲状腺切除术。比较两组各临床指标、术后并发症、嗓音和美容满意度的差异。结果两组病人年龄、性别、病理类型及手术方式等一般资料对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组在手术时间、手术出血量、术后拔管时间及术后第3天血清钙值与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术后疼痛VAS评分[(3.82±0.43)分比(5.55±0.50)分]及围手术期总手术并发症的发生率(7.5%比30.0%)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组术后嗓音满意度及美容满意度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在甲状腺手术中经侧颈低领切口入路,可以减缓术后颈前不适感,手术并发症发生率低,手术切口隐蔽,病人术后嗓音满意度及美容满意度高,可行性好,值得临床推广。

声刺激联合认知行为治疗慢性耳鸣的初步探讨

目的 探讨声刺激联合认知行为治疗(CBT)对慢性耳鸣的临床疗效。方法 本研究将49例慢性耳鸣患者按照随机数字表法分为干预组(25例)和对照组(24例),所有患者均行声音刺激1个月。干预组患者同时接受持续1个月的个体化的CBT,对照组患者不接受个体化CBT。所有患者在治疗前和治疗后30 d均需填写问卷,包括耳鸣残疾评估量表(THI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)。结果 两组患者均完成临床试验。治疗1个月后观察,对照组患者THI、SAS、PSQI的平均值分别下降15.58、15.46、4.96,干预组患者THI、SAS、PSQI的平均值分别下降40.52、41.76、7.72,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且干预组患者THI、SAS、PSQI的得分均明显低于对照组。结论 声音刺激和CBT可以预测治疗效果,声音刺激联合CBT的治疗效果优于单独的声音刺激。性别、年龄和听力障碍是耳鸣最相关的危险因素。

基于扎根理论的智障儿童绘本设计策略研究

探究智障儿童绘本设计策略,为智障儿童绘本设计提供一个系统性的理论参照,助力智障儿童学习成长与康复。研究基于扎根理论,以《智障儿童无障碍学习全媒体出版工程》为例,采用网络数据采集,对数据进行编码分析,得出绘本设计的影响因素,并构建绘本设计影响因素模型。分析影响因素模型,指出智障儿童绘本设计受到视觉设计因素、传达设计因素和体验设计因素的影响,并提出对策建议。

全麻显微镜支撑喉镜激光烧灼术在声带息肉治疗中的应用

目的研究全麻显微镜支撑喉镜激光烧灼术在声带息肉治疗中的应用。方法本文为前瞻性研究。选取2019年3月至2022年5月巴彦淖尔市医院治疗的90例行声带息肉切除术患者作为研究对象,根据信封法将患者随机分为观察组(47例)和对照组(43例)。对照组男23例、女20例,年龄(50.12±1.85)岁,采用支撑喉镜常规显微器械切除术;观察组男25例、女22例,年龄(49.75±2.18)岁,采用全麻显微镜支撑喉镜激光烧灼术。对比两组患者手术效果、嗓音嘶哑分级评估(GRBAS)、嗓音障碍指数量表(VHI)评分、生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOL-74)评分及并发症发生情况。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果观察组治疗总有效率为93.62%(44/47),与对照组[86.05%(37/43)]比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.430,P=0.232)。两组患者术后总嘶哑度[观察组(1.39±0.41)、对照组(1.61±0.34)]、粗糙声[观察组(1.36±0.50)、对照组(1.42±0.52)]、气息声[观察组(0.91±0.52)、对照组(0.94±0.53)]及VHI评分[观察组(11.48±7.36)分、对照组(12.04±7.52)分]均低于术前,且观察组术后总嘶哑度低于对照组[(1.39±0.41)比(1.61±0.34)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后躯体健康[(20.14±4.02)分]、心理健康[(22.57±4.86)分]、物质生活[(13.54±3.57)分]及社会功能评分[(16.78±3.71)分]均高于对照组[(16.47±3.46)分、(19.67±3.76)分、(11.49±3.24)分、(13.47±3.16)分],差异均有统计学意义(t=4.621、3.145、2.843、4.535,均P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为8.51%(4/47),低于对照组的25.58%(11/43),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.712,P=0.030)。结论应用全麻显微镜支撑喉镜激光烧灼术治疗声带息肉患者总嘶哑度更低,术后生活质量更高,并发症少,值得在临床推广应用。