A compound disinfectant, which consisted of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), ortho-dichlorobenzene (1,2-dichlorobenzene, ODB), and chlorocresol (4-chloro-3-methylphenol, CC), and its component chemicals were i...A compound disinfectant, which consisted of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), ortho-dichlorobenzene (1,2-dichlorobenzene, ODB), and chlorocresol (4-chloro-3-methylphenol, CC), and its component chemicals were individually tested for effectiveness against bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1). DDAC, DDAC+ODB, DDAC+CC, and DDAC+ODB+CC showed effectiveness against BHV-1 at room temperature. However, ODB, CC, and ODB+CC showed no virucidal effects. The effects of all disinfectants tested were decreased at low temperature. DDAC showed disinfectant effects at a dilution of 1/800 and DDAC+ODB, DDAC+CC, and DDAC+ODB+CC at dilutions of 1/800 and 1/1600 at low temperature in the presence of 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) but ODB, CC, and ODB+CC showed no virucidal effects. At low temperature and in the presence of 10% FBS, DDAC, DDAC+ODB, and DDAC+CC showed disinfectant effects at dilutions of 1/800, whereas ODB, CC, and ODB+CC showed no virucidal effects. DDAC+ ODB+CC was more effective (at 1/800 and 1/1600) than the other disinfectants under these conditions. In conclusion, a combination of three disinfectant components (DDAC+ODB+CC), enhanced the disinfectant effects at low temperature and in organic matter contamination.展开更多
A host environment cleaning using disinfectants is the most effective way to prevent the pathogen’s transmission.This study compared the activity among of commercial liquid disinfectants[3%hydrogen peroxide(HP),and 7...A host environment cleaning using disinfectants is the most effective way to prevent the pathogen’s transmission.This study compared the activity among of commercial liquid disinfectants[3%hydrogen peroxide(HP),and 70%ethyl alcohol(EA)]and bioactive-compounds(BCs)from Streptomyces sp.KB1 on indicating microorganisms:Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 as representative of spores;Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 517 and clinical methicillin-resistant S.aureus as representative of gram-positive bacteria,Escherichia coli TISTR 887,Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR 1467,and extended spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBL)-Klebsiella pneumoniae 342 as representative of gram-negative bacteria;Candida albicans TISTR 5779 as representative of yeast.Results showed that B.subtilis spores are resistant to 70%EA and BCs from strain KB1-which are biocidal to TISTR strains and clinical isolate MRSA,ESBL-in the free floating microorganism(suspension test).On the other hand,this resistance was not observed with 3%HP.Thus,3%HP showed more promise for disinfecting microorganisms than that 70%EA and BCs.However,BCs did show the antimicrobial activities equal as 70%EA.The results might be implied that the using of BCs from selected bacterial strain as effective disinfectant against microorganism,especially vegetative cell,is a sustainable application in nearly future,to reduce using the chemical substances and zero wastes.展开更多
Quaternary ammonium compounds(QACs)are commonly used in a variety of consumer and commercial products,typically as a component of disinfectants.During the COVID-19 pandemic,QACs became one of the primary agents utiliz...Quaternary ammonium compounds(QACs)are commonly used in a variety of consumer and commercial products,typically as a component of disinfectants.During the COVID-19 pandemic,QACs became one of the primary agents utilized to inactivate the SARS CoV-2 virus on surfaces.However,the ecotoxicological effects of QACs upon aquatic organisms have not been fully assessed.In this study,we examined the effects of a widely used QAC(benzalkonium chloride-C_(14),BAC-14)on two toxigenic Microcystis strains and one non-toxigenic freshwater Microcystis strain and carried out an analysis focused on primary,adaptive and compensatory stress responses at apical(growth and photosynthesis)and metabolic levels.This analysis revealed that the two toxic Microcystis strains were more tolerant than the non-toxic strain,with 96 hr-EC_(50)values of 0.70,0.76,and 0.38 mg/L BAC-14 for toxigenic M.aeruginosa FACHB-905,toxigenic M.aeruginosa FACHB-469,and non-toxigenic M.wesenbergii FACHB-908,respectively.The photosynthetic activities of the Microcystis,assessed via F_(v)/F_(m) values,were significantly suppressed under 0.4 mg/L BAC-14.Furthermore,this analysis revealed that BAC-14 altered 14,12,and 8 metabolic pathways in M.aeruginosa FACHB-905,M.aeruginosa FACHB-469,and M.wesenbergii FACHB-908,respectively.It is noteworthy that BAC-14 enhanced the level of extracellular microcystin production in the toxigenic Microcystis strains,although cell growth was not significantly affected.Collectively,these data show that BAC-14 disrupted the physiological and metabolic status of Microcystis cells and stimulated the production and release of microcystin,which could result in damage to aquatic systems.展开更多
为观察复方过氧化氢消毒剂杀菌作用及对室内空气消毒效果,采用定量杀菌试验和现场消毒试验方法,进行了实验研究。结果,以含2500 mg/L过氧化氢与2500 mg/L碘化钾组成的复方消毒剂,对悬液内大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作用5 m in,杀灭率均为...为观察复方过氧化氢消毒剂杀菌作用及对室内空气消毒效果,采用定量杀菌试验和现场消毒试验方法,进行了实验研究。结果,以含2500 mg/L过氧化氢与2500 mg/L碘化钾组成的复方消毒剂,对悬液内大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作用5 m in,杀灭率均为100%。以含5000 mg/L过氧化氢与5000 mg/L碘化钾组成的复方消毒剂,按每8 m l/m3的该复方消毒剂对室内空气中人工污染的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌进行气溶胶喷雾,密闭作用30 m in,杀灭率均达到99.99%。用该复方消毒剂进行气溶胶喷雾对医院普通手术室等房间内空气中自然菌作用30 m in,杀灭率达到96%以上。结论,复方过氧化氢消毒剂具有较强的杀菌作用,用气溶胶喷雾方法对室内空气中自然菌杀灭效果可达到消毒合格要求。展开更多
文摘A compound disinfectant, which consisted of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), ortho-dichlorobenzene (1,2-dichlorobenzene, ODB), and chlorocresol (4-chloro-3-methylphenol, CC), and its component chemicals were individually tested for effectiveness against bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1). DDAC, DDAC+ODB, DDAC+CC, and DDAC+ODB+CC showed effectiveness against BHV-1 at room temperature. However, ODB, CC, and ODB+CC showed no virucidal effects. The effects of all disinfectants tested were decreased at low temperature. DDAC showed disinfectant effects at a dilution of 1/800 and DDAC+ODB, DDAC+CC, and DDAC+ODB+CC at dilutions of 1/800 and 1/1600 at low temperature in the presence of 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) but ODB, CC, and ODB+CC showed no virucidal effects. At low temperature and in the presence of 10% FBS, DDAC, DDAC+ODB, and DDAC+CC showed disinfectant effects at dilutions of 1/800, whereas ODB, CC, and ODB+CC showed no virucidal effects. DDAC+ ODB+CC was more effective (at 1/800 and 1/1600) than the other disinfectants under these conditions. In conclusion, a combination of three disinfectant components (DDAC+ODB+CC), enhanced the disinfectant effects at low temperature and in organic matter contamination.
基金research grants from Walailak University(Basic Research Fund:Blue Sky)Grant No.WU-FF 64102-2.
文摘A host environment cleaning using disinfectants is the most effective way to prevent the pathogen’s transmission.This study compared the activity among of commercial liquid disinfectants[3%hydrogen peroxide(HP),and 70%ethyl alcohol(EA)]and bioactive-compounds(BCs)from Streptomyces sp.KB1 on indicating microorganisms:Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 as representative of spores;Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 517 and clinical methicillin-resistant S.aureus as representative of gram-positive bacteria,Escherichia coli TISTR 887,Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR 1467,and extended spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBL)-Klebsiella pneumoniae 342 as representative of gram-negative bacteria;Candida albicans TISTR 5779 as representative of yeast.Results showed that B.subtilis spores are resistant to 70%EA and BCs from strain KB1-which are biocidal to TISTR strains and clinical isolate MRSA,ESBL-in the free floating microorganism(suspension test).On the other hand,this resistance was not observed with 3%HP.Thus,3%HP showed more promise for disinfecting microorganisms than that 70%EA and BCs.However,BCs did show the antimicrobial activities equal as 70%EA.The results might be implied that the using of BCs from selected bacterial strain as effective disinfectant against microorganism,especially vegetative cell,is a sustainable application in nearly future,to reduce using the chemical substances and zero wastes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos.2018YFD0900701 and 2019YFD0900604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42107150 and 32061143029)。
文摘Quaternary ammonium compounds(QACs)are commonly used in a variety of consumer and commercial products,typically as a component of disinfectants.During the COVID-19 pandemic,QACs became one of the primary agents utilized to inactivate the SARS CoV-2 virus on surfaces.However,the ecotoxicological effects of QACs upon aquatic organisms have not been fully assessed.In this study,we examined the effects of a widely used QAC(benzalkonium chloride-C_(14),BAC-14)on two toxigenic Microcystis strains and one non-toxigenic freshwater Microcystis strain and carried out an analysis focused on primary,adaptive and compensatory stress responses at apical(growth and photosynthesis)and metabolic levels.This analysis revealed that the two toxic Microcystis strains were more tolerant than the non-toxic strain,with 96 hr-EC_(50)values of 0.70,0.76,and 0.38 mg/L BAC-14 for toxigenic M.aeruginosa FACHB-905,toxigenic M.aeruginosa FACHB-469,and non-toxigenic M.wesenbergii FACHB-908,respectively.The photosynthetic activities of the Microcystis,assessed via F_(v)/F_(m) values,were significantly suppressed under 0.4 mg/L BAC-14.Furthermore,this analysis revealed that BAC-14 altered 14,12,and 8 metabolic pathways in M.aeruginosa FACHB-905,M.aeruginosa FACHB-469,and M.wesenbergii FACHB-908,respectively.It is noteworthy that BAC-14 enhanced the level of extracellular microcystin production in the toxigenic Microcystis strains,although cell growth was not significantly affected.Collectively,these data show that BAC-14 disrupted the physiological and metabolic status of Microcystis cells and stimulated the production and release of microcystin,which could result in damage to aquatic systems.
文摘为观察复方过氧化氢消毒剂杀菌作用及对室内空气消毒效果,采用定量杀菌试验和现场消毒试验方法,进行了实验研究。结果,以含2500 mg/L过氧化氢与2500 mg/L碘化钾组成的复方消毒剂,对悬液内大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作用5 m in,杀灭率均为100%。以含5000 mg/L过氧化氢与5000 mg/L碘化钾组成的复方消毒剂,按每8 m l/m3的该复方消毒剂对室内空气中人工污染的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌进行气溶胶喷雾,密闭作用30 m in,杀灭率均达到99.99%。用该复方消毒剂进行气溶胶喷雾对医院普通手术室等房间内空气中自然菌作用30 m in,杀灭率达到96%以上。结论,复方过氧化氢消毒剂具有较强的杀菌作用,用气溶胶喷雾方法对室内空气中自然菌杀灭效果可达到消毒合格要求。
