Nigeria has witnessed a continuous deadly onslaught from Boko Haram since 2008.Boko Haram has survived three different administrations in Nigeria and has between 2008 and 2020 killed more than 54,000 people and displa...Nigeria has witnessed a continuous deadly onslaught from Boko Haram since 2008.Boko Haram has survived three different administrations in Nigeria and has between 2008 and 2020 killed more than 54,000 people and displaced nearly two million in North-Eastern Nigeria.Since 2011,the sect has withstood Nigeria's military and defense strategies with equanimity,claiming more than 200 Nigerian plus 92 military Chadian personnel,capturing and destroying more than$200 million worth of military equipment.Military installations,open markets,religious-worshipping houses,govemment and defense institutions have remained consistent targets for Boko Haram's attack.The level of attacks,intelligence and near unbeatable approach being displayed by Boko Haram situate Boko Haram in de broader framework of intemnational terrorism and depict a high level of negligence or compromise from the security institutions and the Nigerian state.The swapping of captives,striking of deals,negotiated release of Boko Haram captives,attempts at general or selected amnesty,and the huge benefits of political economy of terrorism equally suggest that Boko Haram has not only been an enemy,but a veritable partner of the Nigerian State,with its defeat not foreseeable anytime in the near future.展开更多
Nigeria was listed as a part of terrorist states by United States of America as a result of Islamic group (Boko Haram Sect) attacks and other activities in the nation. It has also been discovered that the group emplo...Nigeria was listed as a part of terrorist states by United States of America as a result of Islamic group (Boko Haram Sect) attacks and other activities in the nation. It has also been discovered that the group employs “steganographic” schemes as a secure means for transmitting their hidden information to each other via Internet and social networks. The group has killed thousands of people since their increased insurgency in July, 2009. These challenges have affected the nation’s foreign policies, political and social economic developments. This research addresses the challenges by employing forensic technique using blind steganalysis approach to detect the presence of the hidden messages in images. Image Quality Metric is employed for extracting the features, and logistic regression is trained as the classifier to predict the stego-images. We show the effectiveness of the method by conducting test and analysis with 319 images varying in size and style. The result shows that the performance of the method is better than other steganalysis methods.展开更多
The Nigerian society has been plagued by persistent religious conflicts alongside the problem of insecurity for some time now. This is not a new development, but it has worsened since the last five years with the emer...The Nigerian society has been plagued by persistent religious conflicts alongside the problem of insecurity for some time now. This is not a new development, but it has worsened since the last five years with the emergence of the Boko Haram Islamic group. This group claims to be responsible for most violent activities in the northern part of the country for the past few years. Judging from the nature of their activities, Boko Haram, an Arabic phrase which literally means that ＂western education is forbidden＂, is among other factors, largely rooted in religious intolerance. The challenges posed by this group since 2010 have defied all logic and rationality, leaving Nigerians with deep concerns for the unity of their country in the present era. Why has religion, albeit a formidable unifying element, become an instrument of various kinds of menace, destruction of lives and properties？ it appears to have even caused many to wonder about the quality of education and expertise of the Nigerian polity and governance. It must also be noted that most of these problems with Boko Haram have their roots in the northern part of the country which is predominantly Islamic in religion. Religion has been awfully misrepresented and used as an excuse for all kinds of evil. This paper examines the place of religion in education from the perspective of the contemporary Nigerian society. It also explores how religion can still be used as a paradigm for restoring the sanctity and dignity of education, promote its morality and actualize its objectives in the society. The paper furthermore summons religious leaders to devise significant ways, such as interfaith dialogues and activities to enhance a sustained education in the country.展开更多
文摘Nigeria has witnessed a continuous deadly onslaught from Boko Haram since 2008.Boko Haram has survived three different administrations in Nigeria and has between 2008 and 2020 killed more than 54,000 people and displaced nearly two million in North-Eastern Nigeria.Since 2011,the sect has withstood Nigeria's military and defense strategies with equanimity,claiming more than 200 Nigerian plus 92 military Chadian personnel,capturing and destroying more than$200 million worth of military equipment.Military installations,open markets,religious-worshipping houses,govemment and defense institutions have remained consistent targets for Boko Haram's attack.The level of attacks,intelligence and near unbeatable approach being displayed by Boko Haram situate Boko Haram in de broader framework of intemnational terrorism and depict a high level of negligence or compromise from the security institutions and the Nigerian state.The swapping of captives,striking of deals,negotiated release of Boko Haram captives,attempts at general or selected amnesty,and the huge benefits of political economy of terrorism equally suggest that Boko Haram has not only been an enemy,but a veritable partner of the Nigerian State,with its defeat not foreseeable anytime in the near future.
文摘Nigeria was listed as a part of terrorist states by United States of America as a result of Islamic group (Boko Haram Sect) attacks and other activities in the nation. It has also been discovered that the group employs “steganographic” schemes as a secure means for transmitting their hidden information to each other via Internet and social networks. The group has killed thousands of people since their increased insurgency in July, 2009. These challenges have affected the nation’s foreign policies, political and social economic developments. This research addresses the challenges by employing forensic technique using blind steganalysis approach to detect the presence of the hidden messages in images. Image Quality Metric is employed for extracting the features, and logistic regression is trained as the classifier to predict the stego-images. We show the effectiveness of the method by conducting test and analysis with 319 images varying in size and style. The result shows that the performance of the method is better than other steganalysis methods.
文摘The Nigerian society has been plagued by persistent religious conflicts alongside the problem of insecurity for some time now. This is not a new development, but it has worsened since the last five years with the emergence of the Boko Haram Islamic group. This group claims to be responsible for most violent activities in the northern part of the country for the past few years. Judging from the nature of their activities, Boko Haram, an Arabic phrase which literally means that ＂western education is forbidden＂, is among other factors, largely rooted in religious intolerance. The challenges posed by this group since 2010 have defied all logic and rationality, leaving Nigerians with deep concerns for the unity of their country in the present era. Why has religion, albeit a formidable unifying element, become an instrument of various kinds of menace, destruction of lives and properties？ it appears to have even caused many to wonder about the quality of education and expertise of the Nigerian polity and governance. It must also be noted that most of these problems with Boko Haram have their roots in the northern part of the country which is predominantly Islamic in religion. Religion has been awfully misrepresented and used as an excuse for all kinds of evil. This paper examines the place of religion in education from the perspective of the contemporary Nigerian society. It also explores how religion can still be used as a paradigm for restoring the sanctity and dignity of education, promote its morality and actualize its objectives in the society. The paper furthermore summons religious leaders to devise significant ways, such as interfaith dialogues and activities to enhance a sustained education in the country.
