Micro-mobile heat pipe-cooled nuclear power plants are promising candidates for distributed energy resource power genera-tors and can be flexibly deployed in remote places to meet increasing electric power demands.How...Micro-mobile heat pipe-cooled nuclear power plants are promising candidates for distributed energy resource power genera-tors and can be flexibly deployed in remote places to meet increasing electric power demands.However,previous steady-state simulations and experiments have deviated significantly from actual micronuclear system operations.Hence,a transient analysis is required for performance optimization and safety assessment.In this study,a hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)approach was used to investigate the dynamic behavior of scaled-down heat pipe-cooled systems.The real-time features of the HIL architecture were interpreted and validated,and an optimal time step of 500 ms was selected for the thermal transient.The power transient was modeled using point kinetic equations,and a scaled-down thermal prototype was set up to avoid mod-eling unpredictable heat transfer behaviors and feeding temperature samples into the main program running on a desktop PC.A series of dynamic test results showed significant power and temperature oscillations during the transient process,owing to the inconsistency of the rapid nuclear reaction rate and large thermal inertia.The proposed HIL approach is stable and effective for further studying of the dynamic characteristics and control optimization of solid-state small nuclear-powered systems at an early prototyping stage.展开更多
An investigation into the aircraft flight simulation and control system is presented in this paper. The study was firstly focused on the establishment of an integrated hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) platform for aircraf...An investigation into the aircraft flight simulation and control system is presented in this paper. The study was firstly focused on the establishment of an integrated hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) platform for aircraft flight simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink + dSPACE. The platform combines the abundant software and hardware resources of dSPACE simulation platform to simulate the flight attitude of an aircraft in six-DOF ( degree of freedom) motion. Based on the platform, the study was then focused on the flight numerical simulation by taking a loitering aerial vehicle as an example. An aircraft mathematical model was created for a modular design and off-line numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, the study was focused on the control system design of the loitering aerial vehicle and conduct of an HITL simulation experiment for the vehicle pitch control. The experiment verifies the system design and control effectiveness. Research results show that the dSPACE simulation system provides a real time good experimental platform to improve the efficiency of study and development of a flight control system.展开更多
To enhance the fidelity and accuracy of the simulation of communication networks,hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) simulation was employed.HITL simulation methods was classified into three categories,of which the merits an...To enhance the fidelity and accuracy of the simulation of communication networks,hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) simulation was employed.HITL simulation methods was classified into three categories,of which the merits and shortages were compared.Combing system-in-the-loop(SITL) simulation principle with high level architecture(HLA),an HITL simulation model of asynchronous transfer mode(ATM) network was constructed.The throughput and end-to-end delay of all-digital simulation and HITL simulation was analyzed,which showed that HITL simulation was more reliable and effectively improved the simulation credibility of communication network.Meanwhile,HLA-SITL method was fast and easy to achieve and low-cost during design lifecycle.Thus,it was a feasible way to research and analyze the large-scale network.展开更多
As friction, intrinsic steady-state nonlinearity poses a challenging dilemma to the control system of 3-DOF (three degree of freedom) flight simulator, a novel hybrid control strategy of nonlinear PID (proportional...As friction, intrinsic steady-state nonlinearity poses a challenging dilemma to the control system of 3-DOF (three degree of freedom) flight simulator, a novel hybrid control strategy of nonlinear PID (proportionalintegral-derivative) with additional FFC (feed-forward controller) is proposed, and the hardware-in-the-loop simulation results are also given. Based on the description of 3-DOF flight simulator, a novel nonlinear PID theory is well introduced. Then a nonlinear PID controller with additional FFC is designed. Subsequently, the loop structure of 3-DOF flight simulator is also designed. Finally, a series of hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiments are undertaken to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear PID controller with additional FFC for 3-DOF flight simulator.展开更多
Nowadays validation of anti-lock braking systems(ABS) relies mainly on a large amount of road tests.An alternative means with higher efficiency is employing the hardware-in-the-loop simulation(HILS) system to subs...Nowadays validation of anti-lock braking systems(ABS) relies mainly on a large amount of road tests.An alternative means with higher efficiency is employing the hardware-in-the-loop simulation(HILS) system to substitute part of road tests for designing,testing,and tuning electronic control units(ECUs) of ABS.Most HILS systems for ABS use expensive digital signal processor hardware and special purpose software,and some fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speeds cannot be evaluated since artificial wheel speed signals are usually provided.In this paper,a low-cost ABS HILS test bench is developed and used for validating the anti-lock braking performance and tuning control parameters of ABS controllers.Another important merit of the proposed test bench is that it can comprehensively evaluate the fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speed signals since real tone rings and sensors are integrated in the bench.A 5-DOF vehicle model with consideration of longitudinal load transfer is used to calculate tire forces,wheel speeds and vehicle speed.Each of the four real-time wheel speed signal generators consists of a servo motor plus a ring gear,which has sufficient dynamic response ability to emulate the rapid changes of the wheel speeds under strict braking conditions of very slippery roads.The simulation of braking tests under different road adhesion coefficients using the HILS test bench is run,and results show that it can evaluate the anti-lock braking performance of ABS and partly the fail-safe functions.This HILS system can also be used in such applications as durability test,benchmarking and comparison between different ECUs.The test bench developed not only has a relatively low cost,but also can be used to validate the wheel speed-related ECU design and all its fail-safe functions,and a rapid testing and proving platform with a high efficiency for research and development of the automotive ABS is therefore provided.展开更多
A ground-based hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation system with hydraulically driven Stewart platform for spacecraft docking simulation is presented. The system is used for simulating docking process of the on-orbi...A ground-based hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation system with hydraulically driven Stewart platform for spacecraft docking simulation is presented. The system is used for simulating docking process of the on-orbit spacecraft. Principle and structure of the six-degree-of-freedom simulation system are introduced. The docking process dynamic of the vehicles is modeled. Experiment results and mathematical simulation data are compared to validating the simulation system. The comparisons of the results prove that the simulation system proposed can effectively simulate the on-orbit docking process of the spacecraft.展开更多
Various distributed cooperative control schemes have been widely utilized for cyber-physical power system(CPPS),which only require local communications among geographic neighbors to fulfill certain goals.However,the p...Various distributed cooperative control schemes have been widely utilized for cyber-physical power system(CPPS),which only require local communications among geographic neighbors to fulfill certain goals.However,the process of evaluating the performance of an algorithm for a CPPS can be affected by the physical target characteristics and real communication conditions.To address this potential problem,a testbed with controller hardware-in-the-loop(CHIL)is proposed in this paper.On the basis of a power grid simulation conducted using the real-time simulator RT-LAB developed by the company OPAL-RT,along with a communication network simulation developed with OPNET,multiple distributed controllers were developed with hardware devices to directly collect the real-time operating data of the power system model in RT-LAB and provide local control.Furthermore,the communication between neighboring controllers was realized using the cyber system modelin OPNET with an Ethernet interface.The hardware controllers produced a real-world control behavior instead of a digital simulation,and precisely simulated the dynamic features of a CPPS with high speed.A classic cooperative control case for active power output was studied to explain the integrated simulation process and validate the effectiveness of the co-simulation testbed.展开更多
This paper presents a state-of-the-art review in modeling approach of hardware in the loop simulation(HILS)realization of electric machine drives using commercial real time machines.HILS implementation using digital s...This paper presents a state-of-the-art review in modeling approach of hardware in the loop simulation(HILS)realization of electric machine drives using commercial real time machines.HILS implementation using digital signal processors(DSPs)and field programmable gate array(FPGA)for electric machine drives has been investigated but those methods have drawbacks such as complexity in development and verification.Among various HILS implementation approaches,more efficient development and verification for electric machine drives can be achieved through use of commercial real time machines.As well as implementation of the HILS,accurate modeling of a control target system plays an important role.Therefore,modeling trend in electric machine drives for HILS implementation is needed to be reviewed.This paper provides a background of HILS and commercially available real time machines and characteristics of each real time machine are introduced.Also,recent trends and progress of permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs)modeling are presented for providing more accurate HILS implementation approaches in this paper.展开更多
A manipulator-type docking hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation system is proposed in this paper,with further development of the space docking technology and corresponding requirements of the engineering project.First,...A manipulator-type docking hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation system is proposed in this paper,with further development of the space docking technology and corresponding requirements of the engineering project.First,the structure of the manipulator-type HIL simulation system is explained.The mass and the flexibility of the manipulator has an important influence on the stability of the HIL system,which is the premise of accurately simulating actual space docking.Thus,the docking HIL simulation models of rigid,flexible and flexible-light space manipulators are established.The characteristics of the three HIL systems are studied from three important aspects:the system parameter configuration relation,the system stability condition and the dynamics frequency simulation ability.The key conclusions obtained were that the system satisfies stability or reproduction accuracy.Meanwhile,the influence of different manipulators on the system stability is further analyzed.The accuracy of the calculated results is verified experimentally.展开更多
A hardware-in-the-loop simulating platform is developed to avoid designing defects caused by the complicated logical structure and multiple-functional buildup of the dectronic control unit(ECU)in modem diesel engine...A hardware-in-the-loop simulating platform is developed to avoid designing defects caused by the complicated logical structure and multiple-functional buildup of the dectronic control unit(ECU)in modem diesel engines, and to diminish potential damages on components or human exposure to dangers in R&D en- deavor. This plat-form consists of a computer installed with software Matlab/Simulink/RTW and dSPACE/ ControlDesk; a diesel engine ECU, and a dSPACE autobox which runs a real-time diesel engine model. A typical model of diesel engine with turbocharger and intercooler is presented. Based on this model our research is carried out with a real ECU to test its software control strategies. Results show that by using the diesel engine model downloaded inside, the hardware-in-the-loop platform can simulate diesel engine's working conditions and generate all kinds of sensor signals which ECU needs on a real-time basis. So the ECU control strategies can be validated and relevant parameters roughly calibrated.展开更多
In the large-scale distributed hardware-in-the-loop radar simulation system based on HLA, a new solution of processing after acquisition is proposed, which separates the software subsystem from the hardware jammer sub...In the large-scale distributed hardware-in-the-loop radar simulation system based on HLA, a new solution of processing after acquisition is proposed, which separates the software subsystem from the hardware jammer subsystem by a response database, so as to settle the problem, that the software subsystem can not meet the real-time need of the hardware, with very little increment of code. And the data completeness and feasibility of this solution are discussed.展开更多
A simple and economical method based on dSPACE system is developed to measure the effect of cable vibration control.The experiments,numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation are carried out for the ...A simple and economical method based on dSPACE system is developed to measure the effect of cable vibration control.The experiments,numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation are carried out for the vibration control of stay cables with dampers.Firstly,the test results of solid cable vibration under harmonic excitation are compared with the numerical simulation results of cable vibration to ensure the correctness of the simulation of cable module.Then,the vibration test results of solid cable with damper under harmonic excitation are compared with the numerical simulation results of solid cable with damper to ensure the correctness of the relevant modules.Finally,the external load and the cable are imported into the real-time simulation system to simulate the control effect of the damper under the current excitation in real time.The results show that the simulation is correct and the HIL simulation is feasible in the bridge engineering.展开更多
In the proposed paper, the new experimental results are described obtained from the laboratory stand and the model developed by the authors. A method of acquiring characteristics of a pump motor drive using a hardware...In the proposed paper, the new experimental results are described obtained from the laboratory stand and the model developed by the authors. A method of acquiring characteristics of a pump motor drive using a hardware-in-the-loop simulation approach is explained. To explore the centrifugal pumps manufactured by ABB, their own control system is used whereas an industrial pump is replaced with the specially designed simulator. To clarify the model topology and parameters, a double-machine assembly was designed and used as universal pump prototype. A library of reference and disturbance signals used in pumping was applied as a modeling tool. In this way, the advantages of mathematical and physical simulations have been combined with optimal interaction of both approaches.展开更多
The aim of this study is to improve the efficiency of external corrosion inspection of pipes in chemical plants.Currently,the preferred method involves manual inspection of images of corroded pipes;however,this places...The aim of this study is to improve the efficiency of external corrosion inspection of pipes in chemical plants.Currently,the preferred method involves manual inspection of images of corroded pipes;however,this places significant workload on human experts owing to the large number of required images.Furthermore,visual assessment of corrosion levels is prone to subjective errors.To address these issues,we developed an AI(artificial intelligence)-based corrosion-diagnosis system(AI corrosion-diagnosis system)and implemented it in a factory.The proposed system architecture was based on HITL(human-in-the-loop)ML(machine learning)[1].To overcome the difficulty of developing a highly accurate ML model during the PoC(proof-of-concept)stage,the system relies on cooperation between humans and the ML model,utilizing human expertise during operation.For instance,if the accuracy of the ML model was initially 60%during the development stage,a cooperative approach would be adopted during the operational stage,with humans supplementing the remaining 40%accuracy.The implemented system’s ML model achieved a recall rate of approximately 70%.The system’s implementation not only contributed to the efficiency of operations by supporting diagnosis through the ML model but also facilitated the transition to systematic data management,resulting in an overall workload reduction of approximately 50%.The operation based on HITL was demonstrated to be a crucial element for achieving efficient system operation through the collaboration of humans and ML models,even when the initial accuracy of the ML model was low.Future efforts will focus on improving the detection of corrosion at elevated locations by considering using video cameras to capture pipe images.The goal is to reduce the workload for inspectors and enhance the quality of inspections by identifying corrosion locations using ML models.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFB1901900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12275175)+2 种基金Special Fund for Strengthening Industry of Shanghai(No.GYQJ-2018-2-02)Shanghai Rising Star Program(No.21QA1404200)the LingChuang Research Project of the China National Nuclear Corporation.
文摘Micro-mobile heat pipe-cooled nuclear power plants are promising candidates for distributed energy resource power genera-tors and can be flexibly deployed in remote places to meet increasing electric power demands.However,previous steady-state simulations and experiments have deviated significantly from actual micronuclear system operations.Hence,a transient analysis is required for performance optimization and safety assessment.In this study,a hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)approach was used to investigate the dynamic behavior of scaled-down heat pipe-cooled systems.The real-time features of the HIL architecture were interpreted and validated,and an optimal time step of 500 ms was selected for the thermal transient.The power transient was modeled using point kinetic equations,and a scaled-down thermal prototype was set up to avoid mod-eling unpredictable heat transfer behaviors and feeding temperature samples into the main program running on a desktop PC.A series of dynamic test results showed significant power and temperature oscillations during the transient process,owing to the inconsistency of the rapid nuclear reaction rate and large thermal inertia.The proposed HIL approach is stable and effective for further studying of the dynamic characteristics and control optimization of solid-state small nuclear-powered systems at an early prototyping stage.
基金Sponsored by the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation(A26020060253)
文摘An investigation into the aircraft flight simulation and control system is presented in this paper. The study was firstly focused on the establishment of an integrated hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) platform for aircraft flight simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink + dSPACE. The platform combines the abundant software and hardware resources of dSPACE simulation platform to simulate the flight attitude of an aircraft in six-DOF ( degree of freedom) motion. Based on the platform, the study was then focused on the flight numerical simulation by taking a loitering aerial vehicle as an example. An aircraft mathematical model was created for a modular design and off-line numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, the study was focused on the control system design of the loitering aerial vehicle and conduct of an HITL simulation experiment for the vehicle pitch control. The experiment verifies the system design and control effectiveness. Research results show that the dSPACE simulation system provides a real time good experimental platform to improve the efficiency of study and development of a flight control system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61101129)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20091101110019)
文摘To enhance the fidelity and accuracy of the simulation of communication networks,hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) simulation was employed.HITL simulation methods was classified into three categories,of which the merits and shortages were compared.Combing system-in-the-loop(SITL) simulation principle with high level architecture(HLA),an HITL simulation model of asynchronous transfer mode(ATM) network was constructed.The throughput and end-to-end delay of all-digital simulation and HITL simulation was analyzed,which showed that HITL simulation was more reliable and effectively improved the simulation credibility of communication network.Meanwhile,HLA-SITL method was fast and easy to achieve and low-cost during design lifecycle.Thus,it was a feasible way to research and analyze the large-scale network.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60604009)Aeronautical Science Foundationof China(2006ZC51039)Beijing NOVA Program (2007A017).
文摘As friction, intrinsic steady-state nonlinearity poses a challenging dilemma to the control system of 3-DOF (three degree of freedom) flight simulator, a novel hybrid control strategy of nonlinear PID (proportionalintegral-derivative) with additional FFC (feed-forward controller) is proposed, and the hardware-in-the-loop simulation results are also given. Based on the description of 3-DOF flight simulator, a novel nonlinear PID theory is well introduced. Then a nonlinear PID controller with additional FFC is designed. Subsequently, the loop structure of 3-DOF flight simulator is also designed. Finally, a series of hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiments are undertaken to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear PID controller with additional FFC for 3-DOF flight simulator.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50908008)National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863Program,Grant No.2009AA11Z216)
文摘Nowadays validation of anti-lock braking systems(ABS) relies mainly on a large amount of road tests.An alternative means with higher efficiency is employing the hardware-in-the-loop simulation(HILS) system to substitute part of road tests for designing,testing,and tuning electronic control units(ECUs) of ABS.Most HILS systems for ABS use expensive digital signal processor hardware and special purpose software,and some fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speeds cannot be evaluated since artificial wheel speed signals are usually provided.In this paper,a low-cost ABS HILS test bench is developed and used for validating the anti-lock braking performance and tuning control parameters of ABS controllers.Another important merit of the proposed test bench is that it can comprehensively evaluate the fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speed signals since real tone rings and sensors are integrated in the bench.A 5-DOF vehicle model with consideration of longitudinal load transfer is used to calculate tire forces,wheel speeds and vehicle speed.Each of the four real-time wheel speed signal generators consists of a servo motor plus a ring gear,which has sufficient dynamic response ability to emulate the rapid changes of the wheel speeds under strict braking conditions of very slippery roads.The simulation of braking tests under different road adhesion coefficients using the HILS test bench is run,and results show that it can evaluate the anti-lock braking performance of ABS and partly the fail-safe functions.This HILS system can also be used in such applications as durability test,benchmarking and comparison between different ECUs.The test bench developed not only has a relatively low cost,but also can be used to validate the wheel speed-related ECU design and all its fail-safe functions,and a rapid testing and proving platform with a high efficiency for research and development of the automotive ABS is therefore provided.
文摘A ground-based hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation system with hydraulically driven Stewart platform for spacecraft docking simulation is presented. The system is used for simulating docking process of the on-orbit spacecraft. Principle and structure of the six-degree-of-freedom simulation system are introduced. The docking process dynamic of the vehicles is modeled. Experiment results and mathematical simulation data are compared to validating the simulation system. The comparisons of the results prove that the simulation system proposed can effectively simulate the on-orbit docking process of the spacecraft.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Basic Research Class)(No.2017YFB0903000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1909201).
文摘Various distributed cooperative control schemes have been widely utilized for cyber-physical power system(CPPS),which only require local communications among geographic neighbors to fulfill certain goals.However,the process of evaluating the performance of an algorithm for a CPPS can be affected by the physical target characteristics and real communication conditions.To address this potential problem,a testbed with controller hardware-in-the-loop(CHIL)is proposed in this paper.On the basis of a power grid simulation conducted using the real-time simulator RT-LAB developed by the company OPAL-RT,along with a communication network simulation developed with OPNET,multiple distributed controllers were developed with hardware devices to directly collect the real-time operating data of the power system model in RT-LAB and provide local control.Furthermore,the communication between neighboring controllers was realized using the cyber system modelin OPNET with an Ethernet interface.The hardware controllers produced a real-world control behavior instead of a digital simulation,and precisely simulated the dynamic features of a CPPS with high speed.A classic cooperative control case for active power output was studied to explain the integrated simulation process and validate the effectiveness of the co-simulation testbed.
基金supported in part by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by Korea government(No.2020R1C1C1013260)in part by INHA UNIVERSITY Research Grant.
文摘This paper presents a state-of-the-art review in modeling approach of hardware in the loop simulation(HILS)realization of electric machine drives using commercial real time machines.HILS implementation using digital signal processors(DSPs)and field programmable gate array(FPGA)for electric machine drives has been investigated but those methods have drawbacks such as complexity in development and verification.Among various HILS implementation approaches,more efficient development and verification for electric machine drives can be achieved through use of commercial real time machines.As well as implementation of the HILS,accurate modeling of a control target system plays an important role.Therefore,modeling trend in electric machine drives for HILS implementation is needed to be reviewed.This paper provides a background of HILS and commercially available real time machines and characteristics of each real time machine are introduced.Also,recent trends and progress of permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs)modeling are presented for providing more accurate HILS implementation approaches in this paper.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51475116)。
文摘A manipulator-type docking hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation system is proposed in this paper,with further development of the space docking technology and corresponding requirements of the engineering project.First,the structure of the manipulator-type HIL simulation system is explained.The mass and the flexibility of the manipulator has an important influence on the stability of the HIL system,which is the premise of accurately simulating actual space docking.Thus,the docking HIL simulation models of rigid,flexible and flexible-light space manipulators are established.The characteristics of the three HIL systems are studied from three important aspects:the system parameter configuration relation,the system stability condition and the dynamics frequency simulation ability.The key conclusions obtained were that the system satisfies stability or reproduction accuracy.Meanwhile,the influence of different manipulators on the system stability is further analyzed.The accuracy of the calculated results is verified experimentally.
基金Sponsored by the Ministerial Level Advanced Research(10660060220)
文摘A hardware-in-the-loop simulating platform is developed to avoid designing defects caused by the complicated logical structure and multiple-functional buildup of the dectronic control unit(ECU)in modem diesel engines, and to diminish potential damages on components or human exposure to dangers in R&D en- deavor. This plat-form consists of a computer installed with software Matlab/Simulink/RTW and dSPACE/ ControlDesk; a diesel engine ECU, and a dSPACE autobox which runs a real-time diesel engine model. A typical model of diesel engine with turbocharger and intercooler is presented. Based on this model our research is carried out with a real ECU to test its software control strategies. Results show that by using the diesel engine model downloaded inside, the hardware-in-the-loop platform can simulate diesel engine's working conditions and generate all kinds of sensor signals which ECU needs on a real-time basis. So the ECU control strategies can be validated and relevant parameters roughly calibrated.
基金the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation
文摘In the large-scale distributed hardware-in-the-loop radar simulation system based on HLA, a new solution of processing after acquisition is proposed, which separates the software subsystem from the hardware jammer subsystem by a response database, so as to settle the problem, that the software subsystem can not meet the real-time need of the hardware, with very little increment of code. And the data completeness and feasibility of this solution are discussed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50178430)。
文摘A simple and economical method based on dSPACE system is developed to measure the effect of cable vibration control.The experiments,numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)simulation are carried out for the vibration control of stay cables with dampers.Firstly,the test results of solid cable vibration under harmonic excitation are compared with the numerical simulation results of cable vibration to ensure the correctness of the simulation of cable module.Then,the vibration test results of solid cable with damper under harmonic excitation are compared with the numerical simulation results of solid cable with damper to ensure the correctness of the relevant modules.Finally,the external load and the cable are imported into the real-time simulation system to simulate the control effect of the damper under the current excitation in real time.The results show that the simulation is correct and the HIL simulation is feasible in the bridge engineering.
文摘In the proposed paper, the new experimental results are described obtained from the laboratory stand and the model developed by the authors. A method of acquiring characteristics of a pump motor drive using a hardware-in-the-loop simulation approach is explained. To explore the centrifugal pumps manufactured by ABB, their own control system is used whereas an industrial pump is replaced with the specially designed simulator. To clarify the model topology and parameters, a double-machine assembly was designed and used as universal pump prototype. A library of reference and disturbance signals used in pumping was applied as a modeling tool. In this way, the advantages of mathematical and physical simulations have been combined with optimal interaction of both approaches.
文摘The aim of this study is to improve the efficiency of external corrosion inspection of pipes in chemical plants.Currently,the preferred method involves manual inspection of images of corroded pipes;however,this places significant workload on human experts owing to the large number of required images.Furthermore,visual assessment of corrosion levels is prone to subjective errors.To address these issues,we developed an AI(artificial intelligence)-based corrosion-diagnosis system(AI corrosion-diagnosis system)and implemented it in a factory.The proposed system architecture was based on HITL(human-in-the-loop)ML(machine learning)[1].To overcome the difficulty of developing a highly accurate ML model during the PoC(proof-of-concept)stage,the system relies on cooperation between humans and the ML model,utilizing human expertise during operation.For instance,if the accuracy of the ML model was initially 60%during the development stage,a cooperative approach would be adopted during the operational stage,with humans supplementing the remaining 40%accuracy.The implemented system’s ML model achieved a recall rate of approximately 70%.The system’s implementation not only contributed to the efficiency of operations by supporting diagnosis through the ML model but also facilitated the transition to systematic data management,resulting in an overall workload reduction of approximately 50%.The operation based on HITL was demonstrated to be a crucial element for achieving efficient system operation through the collaboration of humans and ML models,even when the initial accuracy of the ML model was low.Future efforts will focus on improving the detection of corrosion at elevated locations by considering using video cameras to capture pipe images.The goal is to reduce the workload for inspectors and enhance the quality of inspections by identifying corrosion locations using ML models.