An Improved Harris Hawk Optimization Algorithm for Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem

Flexible job shop scheduling problem(FJSP)is the core decision-making problem of intelligent manufacturing production management.The Harris hawk optimization(HHO)algorithm,as a typical metaheuristic algorithm,has been widely employed to solve scheduling problems.However,HHO suffers from premature convergence when solving NP-hard problems.Therefore,this paper proposes an improved HHO algorithm(GNHHO)to solve the FJSP.GNHHO introduces an elitism strategy,a chaotic mechanism,a nonlinear escaping energy update strategy,and a Gaussian random walk strategy to prevent premature convergence.A flexible job shop scheduling model is constructed,and the static and dynamic FJSP is investigated to minimize the makespan.This paper chooses a two-segment encoding mode based on the job and the machine of the FJSP.To verify the effectiveness of GNHHO,this study tests it in 23 benchmark functions,10 standard job shop scheduling problems(JSPs),and 5 standard FJSPs.Besides,this study collects data from an agricultural company and uses the GNHHO algorithm to optimize the company’s FJSP.The optimized scheduling scheme demonstrates significant improvements in makespan,with an advancement of 28.16%for static scheduling and 35.63%for dynamic scheduling.Moreover,it achieves an average increase of 21.50%in the on-time order delivery rate.The results demonstrate that the performance of the GNHHO algorithm in solving FJSP is superior to some existing algorithms.

Computing Connected Resolvability of Graphs Using Binary Enhanced Harris Hawks Optimization

In this paper,we consider the NP-hard problem offinding the minimum connected resolving set of graphs.A vertex set B of a connected graph G resolves G if every vertex of G is uniquely identified by its vector of distances to the ver-tices in B.A resolving set B of G is connected if the subgraph B induced by B is a nontrivial connected subgraph of G.The cardinality of the minimal resolving set is the metric dimension of G and the cardinality of minimum connected resolving set is the connected metric dimension of G.The problem is solved heuristically by a binary version of an enhanced Harris Hawk Optimization(BEHHO)algorithm.This is thefirst attempt to determine the connected resolving set heuristically.BEHHO combines classical HHO with opposition-based learning,chaotic local search and is equipped with an S-shaped transfer function to convert the contin-uous variable into a binary one.The hawks of BEHHO are binary encoded and are used to represent which one of the vertices of a graph belongs to the connected resolving set.The feasibility is enforced by repairing hawks such that an addi-tional node selected from V\B is added to B up to obtain the connected resolving set.The proposed BEHHO algorithm is compared to binary Harris Hawk Optimi-zation(BHHO),binary opposition-based learning Harris Hawk Optimization(BOHHO),binary chaotic local search Harris Hawk Optimization(BCHHO)algorithms.Computational results confirm the superiority of the BEHHO for determining connected metric dimension.

Enhanced Harris Hawks Optimization Integrated with Coot Bird Optimization for Solving Continuous Numerical Optimization Problems

Harris Hawks Optimization(HHO)is a novel meta-heuristic algorithm that imitates the predation characteristics of Harris Hawk and combines Lévy flight to solve complex multidimensional problems.Nevertheless,the basic HHO algorithm still has certain limitations,including the tendency to fall into the local optima and poor convergence accuracy.Coot Bird Optimization(CBO)is another new swarm-based optimization algorithm.CBO originates from the regular and irregular motion of a bird called Coot on the water’s surface.Although the framework of CBO is slightly complicated,it has outstanding exploration potential and excellent capability to avoid falling into local optimal solutions.This paper proposes a novel enhanced hybrid algorithm based on the basic HHO and CBO named Enhanced Harris Hawks Optimization Integrated with Coot Bird Optimization(EHHOCBO).EHHOCBO can provide higher-quality solutions for numerical optimization problems.It first embeds the leadership mechanism of CBO into the population initialization process of HHO.This way can take full advantage of the valuable solution information to provide a good foundation for the global search of the hybrid algorithm.Secondly,the Ensemble Mutation Strategy(EMS)is introduced to generate the mutant candidate positions for consideration,further improving the hybrid algorithm’s exploration trend and population diversity.To further reduce the likelihood of falling into the local optima and speed up the convergence,Refracted Opposition-Based Learning(ROBL)is adopted to update the current optimal solution in the swarm.Using 23 classical benchmark functions and the IEEE CEC2017 test suite,the performance of the proposed EHHOCBO is comprehensively evaluated and compared with eight other basic meta-heuristic algorithms and six improved variants.Experimental results show that EHHOCBO can achieve better solution accuracy,faster convergence speed,and a more robust ability to jump out of local optima than other advanced optimizers in most test cases.Finally,EHHOCBOis applied to address four engineering design problems.Our findings indicate that the proposed method also provides satisfactory performance regarding the convergence accuracy of the optimal global solution.

Multiobjective Economic/Environmental Dispatch Using Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm

The eminence of Economic Dispatch(ED)in power systems is signifi-cantly high as it involves in scheduling the available power from various power plants with less cost by compensating equality and inequality constrictions.The emission of toxic gases from power plants leads to environmental imbalance and so it is highly mandatory to rectify this issues for obtaining optimal perfor-mance in the power systems.In this present study,the Economic and Emission Dispatch(EED)problems are resolved as multi objective Economic Dispatch pro-blems by using Harris Hawk’s Optimization(HHO),which is capable enough to resolve the concerned issue in a wider range.In addition,the clustering approach is employed to maintain the size of the Pareto Optimal(PO)set during each itera-tion and fuzzy based approach is employed to extricate compromise solution from the Pareto front.To meet the equality constraint effectively,a new demand-based constraint handling mechanism is adopted.This paper also includes Wind energy conversion system(WECS)in EED problem.The conventional thermal generator cost is taken into account while considering the overall cost functions of wind energy like overestimated,underestimated and proportional costs.The quality of the non-dominated solution set is measured using quality metrics such as Set Spacing(SP)and Hyper-Volume(HV)and the solutions are compared with other conventional algorithms to prove its efficiency.The present study is validated with the outcomes of various literature papers.

求解有服务顺序限制的MDMOVRPTW的IHHO算法

针对有服务顺序限制的带时间窗的多需求多目标车辆路径问题(multi-demand and multi-objective vehicle routing problem with time window,MDMOVRPTW),在考虑多种需求由不同车辆按顺序服务等约束条件的同时,构建了最小化配送成本和最大化客户满意度的多目标模型。根据模型的特点设计了改进的哈里斯鹰优化(improved Harris hawks optimization,IHHO)算法,随机地将种群中部分支配解作为父代解,用临时组合算子和4种交叉算子搜索新解。最后,算例测试结果表明,相较于传统的哈里斯鹰优化算法,IHHO算法的求解性能得到了有效改善,各操作算子中交叉算子2的求解效果最好。将IHHO算法用于实例中,求解结果得到了改善,充分验证了IHHO算法的有效性。

Prediction of flyrock distance induced by mine blasting using a novel Harris Hawks optimization-based multi-layer perceptron neural network

In mining or construction projects,for exploitation of hard rock with high strength properties,blasting is frequently applied to breaking or moving them using high explosive energy.However,use of explosives may lead to the flyrock phenomenon.Flyrock can damage structures or nearby equipment in the surrounding areas and inflict harm to humans,especially workers in the working sites.Thus,prediction of flyrock is of high importance.In this investigation,examination and estimation/forecast of flyrock distance induced by blasting through the application of five artificial intelligent algorithms were carried out.One hundred and fifty-two blasting events in three open-pit granite mines in Johor,Malaysia,were monitored to collect field data.The collected data include blasting parameters and rock mass properties.Site-specific weathering index(WI),geological strength index(GSI) and rock quality designation(RQD)are rock mass properties.Multi-layer perceptron(MLP),random forest(RF),support vector machine(SVM),and hybrid models including Harris Hawks optimization-based MLP(known as HHO-MLP) and whale optimization algorithm-based MLP(known as WOA-MLP) were developed.The performance of various models was assessed through various performance indices,including a10-index,coefficient of determination(R^(2)),root mean squared error(RMSE),mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),variance accounted for(VAF),and root squared error(RSE).The a10-index values for MLP,RF,SVM,HHO-MLP and WOA-MLP are 0.953,0.933,0.937,0.991 and 0.972,respectively.R^(2) of HHO-MLP is 0.998,which achieved the best performance among all five machine learning(ML) models.

基于HHO-FA的PEMFC电堆辨识建模

为解决质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)模型参数难以确定的问题,该文提出一种基于哈里斯鹰算法(HHO)和萤火虫算法(FA)联合的优化算法,即HHO-FA算法,用于PEMFC模型的参数辨识。为提高PEMFC建模精确度,HHO-FA保留HHO中搜索效率和精度较高的全局搜索过程,局部寻优过程结合具有群体寻优特征的FA算法,同时优化负责全局搜索和局部搜索切换的转换因子,加入惯性权重因子,优化算法结构。该文使用燃料电池的商业仿真工具箱Thermolib获取算例数据,并通过与粒子群算法(PSO)、HHO算法、蚁群算法(ACO)和FA算法对比分析,对HHO-FA的PEMFC参数辨识性能进行研究。仿真结果表明,相较于PSO、HHO、ACO和FA,HHO-FA的辨识精确度和收敛效率均最高,证实所提出HHO-FA算法在PEMFC模型参数辨识方面的突出性能。

Harris Hawks Optimizer with Graph Convolutional Network Based Weed Detection in Precision Agriculture

Precision agriculture includes the optimum and adequate use of resources depending on several variables that govern crop yield.Precision agriculture offers a novel solution utilizing a systematic technique for current agricultural problems like balancing production and environmental concerns.Weed control has become one of the significant problems in the agricultural sector.In traditional weed control,the entire field is treated uniformly by spraying the soil,a single herbicide dose,weed,and crops in the same way.For more precise farming,robots could accomplish targeted weed treatment if they could specifically find the location of the dispensable plant and identify the weed type.This may lessen by large margin utilization of agrochemicals on agricultural fields and favour sustainable agriculture.This study presents a Harris Hawks Optimizer with Graph Convolutional Network based Weed Detection(HHOGCN-WD)technique for Precision Agriculture.The HHOGCN-WD technique mainly focuses on identifying and classifying weeds for precision agriculture.For image pre-processing,the HHOGCN-WD model utilizes a bilateral normal filter(BNF)for noise removal.In addition,coupled convolutional neural network(CCNet)model is utilized to derive a set of feature vectors.To detect and classify weed,the GCN model is utilized with the HHO algorithm as a hyperparameter optimizer to improve the detection performance.The experimental results of the HHOGCN-WD technique are investigated under the benchmark dataset.The results indicate the promising performance of the presented HHOGCN-WD model over other recent approaches,with increased accuracy of 99.13%.

基于改进HHO⁃LSTM的滚动轴承故障诊断研究

为了解决滚动轴承故障诊断问题,提出一种将改进哈里斯鹰优化(Harris Hawks Optimization,HHO)算法和长短时记忆(Long Short⁃Term Memory,LSTM)网络相融合的智能诊断模型IHHO⁃LSTM。HHO算法在求解过程中容易陷入局部最优、收敛缓慢,基于这些问题引入Cauchy分布函数和模拟退火(Simulated Annealing,SA)算法,拓展全局搜索的广泛性,避免陷入局部最优。运用改进的HHO算法快速确定LSTM模型的最优超参数值,从而提高时序诊断精度。利用凯斯西储大学滚动轴承实验数据进行故障诊断实验,结果表明,IHHO⁃LSTM模型能够实现对滚动轴承的特征提取和故障诊断,模型准确率高达近97%。

基于HHO-QRNN模型的大坝变形预测方法

为有效利用大坝位移数据集中的真实信息,提高预测模型精准度,缩减建模分析训练时间,提出基于卡尔曼滤波算法、完全噪声辅助聚合经验模态分解和准循环神经网络的大坝位移预测方法。首先,模型采用卡尔曼滤波算法对原始输入数据进行处理,提取行有效信息,消除观测噪声影响;其次,设计一种信号分解算法,从累计位移值提取出趋势项、周期项和随机项数据集,以分离不同诱发因素对于大坝位移量的影响;最后,提出一种基于改进哈里斯鹰算法优化准循环神经网络的位移预测算法,对不同数据集分别采用此算法建模预测,将预测结果对应叠加得到最终预测结果。以某水库大坝的历史位移观测数据集为例,将所提模型与其他传统预测模型进行对比分析,结果表明,该模型预测精度和训练速度等方面均有显著提升,验证了其可行性和先进性。

Modified Harris Hawks Optimization Based Test Case Prioritization for Software Testing

Generally,software testing is considered as a proficient technique to achieve improvement in quality and reliability of the software.But,the quality of test cases has a considerable influence on fault revealing capability of software testing activity.Test Case Prioritization(TCP)remains a challenging issue since prioritizing test cases is unsatisfactory in terms of Average Percentage of Faults Detected(APFD)and time spent upon execution results.TCP ismainly intended to design a collection of test cases that can accomplish early optimization using preferred characteristics.The studies conducted earlier focused on prioritizing the available test cases in accelerating fault detection rate during software testing.In this aspect,the current study designs aModified Harris Hawks Optimization based TCP(MHHO-TCP)technique for software testing.The aim of the proposed MHHO-TCP technique is to maximize APFD and minimize the overall execution time.In addition,MHHO algorithm is designed to boost the exploration and exploitation abilities of conventional HHO algorithm.In order to validate the enhanced efficiency of MHHO-TCP technique,a wide range of simulations was conducted on different benchmark programs and the results were examined under several aspects.The experimental outcomes highlight the improved efficiency of MHHO-TCP technique over recent approaches under different measures.

基于HHO的跨流域调水工程受水区水资源优化配置研究

跨流域调水工程是解决我国水资源时空分布不均和缓解水资源供需矛盾的重要措施。山东省黄水东调工程、引黄济青工程和胶东调水工程是缓解胶东地区潍坊、青岛、烟台、威海四市水资源紧缺问题的重要跨流域调水工程。为充分发挥调水工程社会和经济效益,在考虑受水区缺水量、工程输水能力及沿途分水口门设计流量等基础上,以受水区四市综合缺水率最小和调水工程经济效益最大为双目标,构建了胶东地区跨流域调水工程水资源优化配置模型,采用哈里斯鹰优化算法(HHO)求得现状水平年和规划水平年在50%、75%和95%频率时3种不同目标协调机制(以综合缺水率最小为主导、以调水工程经济效益最大为主导及两目标均衡)16个分水口门的调水方案。结果表明:(1)通过调水工程调引黄河水和长江水,使四市缺水量大幅减少;(2)当经济效益目标所占比重越大时,计量水价越高的分水口门供水量越大;(3)从三个调水工程利用程度来看,黄水东调工程利用程度最高,其次为引黄济青工程和胶东调水工程。本文为山东省胶东地区跨流域调水工程的水资源配置提供了决策支持。

HHO optimized support vector machine classifier for traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy

AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intelligent syndrome differentiation.METHODS:Collated data on real-world DR cases were collected.A variety of machine learning methods were used to construct TCM syndrome classification model,and the best performance was selected as the basic model.Genetic Algorithm(GA)was used for feature selection to obtain the optimal feature combination.Harris Hawk Optimization(HHO)was used for parameter optimization,and a classification model based on feature selection and parameter optimization was constructed.The performance of the model was compared with other optimization algorithms.The models were evaluated with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score as indicators.RESULTS:Data on 970 cases that met screening requirements were collected.Support Vector Machine(SVM)was the best basic classification model.The accuracy rate of the model was 82.05%,the precision rate was 82.34%,the recall rate was 81.81%,and the F1 value was 81.76%.After GA screening,the optimal feature combination contained 37 feature values,which was consistent with TCM clinical practice.The model based on optimal combination and SVM(GA_SVM)had an accuracy improvement of 1.92%compared to the basic classifier.SVM model based on HHO and GA optimization(HHO_GA_SVM)had the best performance and convergence speed compared with other optimization algorithms.Compared with the basic classification model,the accuracy was improved by 3.51%.CONCLUSION:HHO and GA optimization can improve the model performance of SVM in TCM syndrome differentiation of DR.It provides a new method and research idea for TCM intelligent assisted syndrome differentiation.

基于多策略混合改进HHO算法的WSN节点覆盖优化

针对监测区域内无线传感器网络节点部署容易出现分布不均匀、有效覆盖率低等问题,提出一种多策略混合改进哈里斯鹰算法的WSN节点覆盖优化策略。利用Fuch无限折叠混沌初始化、自适应精英个体对立学习、正余弦优化和高斯与拉普拉斯最优解变异策略对标准哈里斯鹰优化算法的性能进行改进。利用改进算法求解WSN节点覆盖优化问题,以监测区域网络覆盖率最大为目标,对节点部署位置寻优。实验结果表明,改进策略能够得到更高的网络覆盖率,减少传感节点冗余,延长网络生存时间。

基于HHO-ELM的光伏阵列故障诊断方法研究

光伏阵列长期暴露在恶劣的环境中,导致光伏组件易发生故障,从而影响光伏阵列的发电效率。在实际运行过程中,光伏阵列除发生单一故障之外,还会出现多类型的复合故障,给故障诊断加大了难度。提出了一种基于哈里斯鹰(HHO)算法优化极限学习机(ELM)的光伏阵列多类型复合故障诊断方法。用HHO算法优化ELM的权值和阈值,建立HHO-ELM故障诊断模型,并与ELM、粒子群优化算法(PSO)-ELM、正余弦优化算法(SCA)-ELM以及鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)-ELM算法进行对比。实验结果表明,对于复合故障类型,HHO-ELM模型具有更高的诊断准确率,提高了光伏阵列复合故障的识别精度。

基于IHHO-PNN的变压器复合故障诊断

为了提高变压器复合故障诊断精度,提出了一种基于改进哈里斯鹰(Improved Harris Hawk Optimization, IHHO)算法优化概率神经网络(Probabilistic Neural Network, PNN)的变压器复合故障诊断方法。采用Tent映射、非线性调整逃逸能量和小孔成像学习策略对哈里斯鹰优化(Harris Hawk Optimization, HHO)算法进行改进,以增强IHHO算法的优化性能,避免算法陷入局部最优。采用IHHO算法对PNN的平滑因子进行优化,建立了基于IHHO-PNN的变压器故障诊断模型。利用实际运行的变压器故障数据进行仿真分析。结果表明,所提出的IHHO-PNN模型在进行变压器故障诊断时出现错误诊断的次数更少,诊断精度更高,变压器故障诊断效果好于其他几种对比模型,验证了该变压器复合故障诊断方法的实用性和有效性。

双向经验引导与极端个体调控的HHO算法

为进一步提升哈里斯鹰优化算法(HHO)的寻优精度和迭代速度,提出一种双向经验引导与极端个体调控的HHO算法(BEHHO)。首先采用Circle混沌映射均匀化初始种群,有效规避个体聚集情形并提升哈里斯鹰群体对解空间区域的覆盖性,奠定算法寻优基础;其次引入双向经验引导策略来强化算法的围捕机制,依托全局最优个体和历史最优个体的进化经验引导个体寻优方向,且配合自适应随机个体的差分扰动项来强化种群探索邻域能力,提升算法的收敛精度;再者考虑算法中极端个体对全局更新过程的重要影响,利用t-分布变异最优个体来避免算法陷入局部极值区,并以动态反向学习产生最差个体的反向解来间接提高算法的收敛速度,同时采用贪婪原则保留优势个体的方式确保算法子代精度趋于更优;最后基于马尔科夫链分析算法的全局收敛性。通过对基准测试函数的寻优对比分析、Wilcoxon秩和检验以及CEC2014复杂函数的对比分析,验证了改进算法优异的求解性能和健壮的鲁棒性,并以工程优化中焊接梁设计问题验证了BEHHO算法处理实际问题时的优越性。

基于EOSHHO-SIFT的混合域鲁棒图像水印算法

针对含水印信息的图像对几何攻击鲁棒性不强的问题,提出一种基于改进的尺度不变特征变换(Elite opposition-learning strategy based Harris hawks optimization and Scale-invariant feature transform, EOSHHO-SIFT)的图像水印算法。首先,水印预处理:对水印进行基于奇异值分解的预处理,得到需要嵌入奇异矩阵的信息;其次,载体预处理:对载体图像进行HAAR多小波变换,并在变换后的载体图像中使用EOSHHO-SIFT算法进行特征点提取;再次,水印嵌入:上述特征点作为鲁棒水印的嵌入区域,而用EOSHHO-SIFT优化后的特征点进行鲁棒水印的嵌入;最后,水印提取:利用HAAR以及EOSHHO-SIFT提取出含有水印信息的特征点,并利用此特征点所含的奇异值信息对水印进行重组。仿真结果表明,与其它不具有旋转不变特性的图像水印算法相比,算法具有较强的抗噪声、抗滤波以及抗几何攻击的能力。

基于混沌扰动与柯西变异的HHO算法

对于传统哈里斯鹰算法收敛精度较低且易陷入局部最优的问题,提出改进的哈里斯鹰优化算法(Harris Hawks optimization,简称HHO).首先引入指数能量方程和正弦跳跃距离方程,然后根据个体的适应度值对个体进行柯西变异或Circle混沌扰动,有效解决其陷入局部最优问题.论文优取了10个基准函数进行测试并对结果进行Wilcoxon检验,结果表明,改进后的算法在统计水平上显著于其他对比算法,其收敛精度、速度均有所提升.

基于改进HHO算法的碳交易价格组合预测研究

为提高碳交易价格预测精度,建立了多策略改进哈里斯鹰算法的碳交易价格组合预测模型。一方面对碳交易价格序列的高频和低频序列分别建立ARIMA模型和指数平滑模型,通过加和对碳交易价格进行预测。另一方面综合考虑碳交易价格的经济指标和技术指标,通过Pearson相关系数筛选出6个与下一日碳交易价格高度相关的变量作为解释变量,建立多策略改进哈里斯鹰优化极限学习机模型(THHO_ELM)。最后,对模型I和模型II建立基于l_(p)范数的组合预测模型。结果表明,组合预测模型优于单一的分类模型。