Objective:To analyze the existing risks in breast milk management at the neonatal department and provide corresponding countermeasures.Methods:22 risk events were identified in 7 risk links in the process of bottle-fe...Objective:To analyze the existing risks in breast milk management at the neonatal department and provide corresponding countermeasures.Methods:22 risk events were identified in 7 risk links in the process of bottle-feeding of breast milk.Hazard Vulnerability Analysis based on the Kaiser model was applied to investigate and evaluate the risk events.Results:High-risk events include breast milk quality inspection,hand hygiene during collection,disinfection of collectors,cold chain management,hand hygiene during the reception,breast milk closed-loop management,and post-collection disposal.Root cause analysis of high-risk events was conducted and breast milk management strategies outside the hospital and within the neonatal department were proposed.Conclusion:Hazard Vulnerability Analysis based on the Kaiser model can identify and assess neonatal breast milk management risks effectively,which helps improve the management of neonatal breast milk.It is conducive to the safe development and promotion of bottle feeding of breast milk for neonates,ensuring the quality of medical services and the safety of children.展开更多
Hazard and risk assessment procedures of different types of rockfall were analyzed to compare their outcomes when they are applied to the same case study.Although numerous methodologies are available in literature,roc...Hazard and risk assessment procedures of different types of rockfall were analyzed to compare their outcomes when they are applied to the same case study.Although numerous methodologies are available in literature,rockfall hazard and risk analyses are often limited to standard estimations,affected by a margin of uncertainty,especially when relevant engineering projects are about to be realized.Based on the design purpose,different types of approaches can be chosen among the qualitative and quantitative ones available in literature,which allow different levels of analysis.One of the main criticisms related to rockfall events is the risk affecting linear structures,such as road or railways,due both to their strategic relevance for trade and communications and to the great entity of the exposed value(traffic units)traveling along them.In this perspective,a comparison between the qualitative method known as Evolving Rockfall Hazard Assessment(EHRA),the semi-quantitative modified Rockfall Hazard Rating System(RHRS)and the quantitative Rockfall Risk Management(RoMa)approach is herein commented according to a practical application to a case study.It is the case of the rockfall threat along slopes crossed by a strategic road connecting two of the most known spots of eastern Sicily(Italy),at the Taormina tourist complex.Data were retrieved from both recent literature and technical surveys on field.Achieved results highlight how the approaches are affected by a different level of detail and uncertainty,arising also by some necessary assumption that must be taken into account,especially when mitigation measures or territory planning have to be designed.Achieved results can be also taken into account for similar studies worldwide,in order to choose the most suitable procedure based on the design purpose.This is indeed crucial in the perspective of the optimization of time and economic resources in the territorial planning practice.展开更多
Landslide hazard and risk assessment on the northern slope of Mt. Changbai, a well-known tourist attraction near the North Korean-Chinese border, are assessed. This study is divided into two parts, namely, landslide h...Landslide hazard and risk assessment on the northern slope of Mt. Changbai, a well-known tourist attraction near the North Korean-Chinese border, are assessed. This study is divided into two parts, namely, landslide hazard zonation and risk assessment. The 1992 Anbalagan and Singh method of landslide hazard zonation （LHZ） was modified and used in this area. In this way, an Associative Analysis Method was used in representative areas to get a measure for controlling factors （slope gradient, relative relief, vegetation, geology, discontinuity development, weak layer thickness and ground water）. For the membership degree of factor to slope failure, the middle range of limited values was used to calculate LHZ. Based on an estimation of the potential damage from slope failure, a reasonable risk assessment map was obtained using the relationship of potential damage and probable hazard to aid future planning and prediction and to avert loss of life.展开更多
Rock slope hazard assessment is an important part of risk analysis for open pit mines.The main parameters that can lead to rock slope failures are the parameters traditionally used in geomechanical classifications,the...Rock slope hazard assessment is an important part of risk analysis for open pit mines.The main parameters that can lead to rock slope failures are the parameters traditionally used in geomechanical classifications,the slope geometrical parameters and external factors like rainfall and blasting.This paper presents a methodology for a hazard assessment system for open pit mine slopes based on 88 cases collated around the world using principal components analysis,discriminant analysis and confidence ellipses.The historical cases used in this study included copper,gold,iron,diamond,lead and zinc,platinum and claystone mines.The variables used in the assessment methodology are uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock;spacing,persistence,opening,roughness,infilling and orientation of the main discontinuity set;weathering of the rock mass;groundwater;blasting method;and height and inclination of the pit.While principal component analysis was used to quantify the data,the discriminant analysis was used to establish a rule to classify new slopes about its stability condition.To provide a practical hazard assessment system,confidence ellipses were used to propose a hazard graph and generate the HAS-Q.The discriminant rule developed in this research has a high discrimination capacity with an error rate of 11.36%.展开更多
矿山粉尘职业危害已成为矿山行业最重要的职业健康问题,对矿山粉尘危害进行风险评估、量化其危害程度是矿山职业卫生工作的重点。为深入了解矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估领域的研究脉络,基于文献计量学角度,采用VOSviewer与CiteSpace软件...矿山粉尘职业危害已成为矿山行业最重要的职业健康问题,对矿山粉尘危害进行风险评估、量化其危害程度是矿山职业卫生工作的重点。为深入了解矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估领域的研究脉络,基于文献计量学角度,采用VOSviewer与CiteSpace软件对中国知网(CNKI)和WOS(Web of Science)收录的矿山粉尘危害风险评估相关文献进行可视化分析,提取高频关键词,进行关键词共现、聚类分析,获得文献的时序特征、研究主体以及热点前沿信息。根据可视化分析结果,从风险评估指标、危害程度等级、评估方法3个方面进行了详细分析和阐述。细化了风险评估流程,分析了矿山粉尘的理化特性和危害因素,进而归纳了风险评估指标,总结了粉尘职业危害程度分级,按照定性、定量和综合评估3种类别梳理了矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估方法,阐释了健康伤害风险评估的量化模型。研究表明:目前国内外在矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估方向进行了大量深入的研究和实践,评估工作取得了较为显著的成效,但矿山各生产环节粉尘至今仍难以彻底遏制,相关研究理论机制尚未成熟,评估指标影响因素冗杂、危害程度分级缺乏依据、评估方法存在主观不确定性,矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估体系有待系统研究,粉尘危害风险分析及预警平台尚需探索构建。未来,需进一步完善矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估相关法律法规;科学、合理地选择风险评估指标,简化评估工作环节,实现良好的实用效益;突破现有方法局限,建立适用的数据信息论风险评估模型,为矿山粉尘治理提供有效依据;积极应用云计算、大数据等新技术,实现粉尘监测—风险评估—智能防控一体化系统建设。展开更多
We are living in a world of numbers and calculations with enormous amount of pretty fast user-friendly software ready for an automatic output that may lead to a discovery or,alternatively,mislead to a deceptive conclu...We are living in a world of numbers and calculations with enormous amount of pretty fast user-friendly software ready for an automatic output that may lead to a discovery or,alternatively,mislead to a deceptive conclusion,erroneous claims and predictions.As a matter of fact,nowadays,Science can disclose Natural Hazards,assess Risks,and deliver the state-of-the-art Knowledge of looming disaster in advance catastrophes along with useful Recommendations on the level of risks for decision making regarding engineering design,insurance,and emergency management.展开更多
文摘Objective:To analyze the existing risks in breast milk management at the neonatal department and provide corresponding countermeasures.Methods:22 risk events were identified in 7 risk links in the process of bottle-feeding of breast milk.Hazard Vulnerability Analysis based on the Kaiser model was applied to investigate and evaluate the risk events.Results:High-risk events include breast milk quality inspection,hand hygiene during collection,disinfection of collectors,cold chain management,hand hygiene during the reception,breast milk closed-loop management,and post-collection disposal.Root cause analysis of high-risk events was conducted and breast milk management strategies outside the hospital and within the neonatal department were proposed.Conclusion:Hazard Vulnerability Analysis based on the Kaiser model can identify and assess neonatal breast milk management risks effectively,which helps improve the management of neonatal breast milk.It is conducive to the safe development and promotion of bottle feeding of breast milk for neonates,ensuring the quality of medical services and the safety of children.
文摘Hazard and risk assessment procedures of different types of rockfall were analyzed to compare their outcomes when they are applied to the same case study.Although numerous methodologies are available in literature,rockfall hazard and risk analyses are often limited to standard estimations,affected by a margin of uncertainty,especially when relevant engineering projects are about to be realized.Based on the design purpose,different types of approaches can be chosen among the qualitative and quantitative ones available in literature,which allow different levels of analysis.One of the main criticisms related to rockfall events is the risk affecting linear structures,such as road or railways,due both to their strategic relevance for trade and communications and to the great entity of the exposed value(traffic units)traveling along them.In this perspective,a comparison between the qualitative method known as Evolving Rockfall Hazard Assessment(EHRA),the semi-quantitative modified Rockfall Hazard Rating System(RHRS)and the quantitative Rockfall Risk Management(RoMa)approach is herein commented according to a practical application to a case study.It is the case of the rockfall threat along slopes crossed by a strategic road connecting two of the most known spots of eastern Sicily(Italy),at the Taormina tourist complex.Data were retrieved from both recent literature and technical surveys on field.Achieved results highlight how the approaches are affected by a different level of detail and uncertainty,arising also by some necessary assumption that must be taken into account,especially when mitigation measures or territory planning have to be designed.Achieved results can be also taken into account for similar studies worldwide,in order to choose the most suitable procedure based on the design purpose.This is indeed crucial in the perspective of the optimization of time and economic resources in the territorial planning practice.
文摘Landslide hazard and risk assessment on the northern slope of Mt. Changbai, a well-known tourist attraction near the North Korean-Chinese border, are assessed. This study is divided into two parts, namely, landslide hazard zonation and risk assessment. The 1992 Anbalagan and Singh method of landslide hazard zonation （LHZ） was modified and used in this area. In this way, an Associative Analysis Method was used in representative areas to get a measure for controlling factors （slope gradient, relative relief, vegetation, geology, discontinuity development, weak layer thickness and ground water）. For the membership degree of factor to slope failure, the middle range of limited values was used to calculate LHZ. Based on an estimation of the potential damage from slope failure, a reasonable risk assessment map was obtained using the relationship of potential damage and probable hazard to aid future planning and prediction and to avert loss of life.
基金Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES – Brazil, Grant ID 19/2016)Fondation for Research Support of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG – Brazil)University of New South Wales (UNSW – Australia)
文摘Rock slope hazard assessment is an important part of risk analysis for open pit mines.The main parameters that can lead to rock slope failures are the parameters traditionally used in geomechanical classifications,the slope geometrical parameters and external factors like rainfall and blasting.This paper presents a methodology for a hazard assessment system for open pit mine slopes based on 88 cases collated around the world using principal components analysis,discriminant analysis and confidence ellipses.The historical cases used in this study included copper,gold,iron,diamond,lead and zinc,platinum and claystone mines.The variables used in the assessment methodology are uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock;spacing,persistence,opening,roughness,infilling and orientation of the main discontinuity set;weathering of the rock mass;groundwater;blasting method;and height and inclination of the pit.While principal component analysis was used to quantify the data,the discriminant analysis was used to establish a rule to classify new slopes about its stability condition.To provide a practical hazard assessment system,confidence ellipses were used to propose a hazard graph and generate the HAS-Q.The discriminant rule developed in this research has a high discrimination capacity with an error rate of 11.36%.
文摘矿山粉尘职业危害已成为矿山行业最重要的职业健康问题,对矿山粉尘危害进行风险评估、量化其危害程度是矿山职业卫生工作的重点。为深入了解矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估领域的研究脉络,基于文献计量学角度,采用VOSviewer与CiteSpace软件对中国知网(CNKI)和WOS(Web of Science)收录的矿山粉尘危害风险评估相关文献进行可视化分析,提取高频关键词,进行关键词共现、聚类分析,获得文献的时序特征、研究主体以及热点前沿信息。根据可视化分析结果,从风险评估指标、危害程度等级、评估方法3个方面进行了详细分析和阐述。细化了风险评估流程,分析了矿山粉尘的理化特性和危害因素,进而归纳了风险评估指标,总结了粉尘职业危害程度分级,按照定性、定量和综合评估3种类别梳理了矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估方法,阐释了健康伤害风险评估的量化模型。研究表明:目前国内外在矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估方向进行了大量深入的研究和实践,评估工作取得了较为显著的成效,但矿山各生产环节粉尘至今仍难以彻底遏制,相关研究理论机制尚未成熟,评估指标影响因素冗杂、危害程度分级缺乏依据、评估方法存在主观不确定性,矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估体系有待系统研究,粉尘危害风险分析及预警平台尚需探索构建。未来,需进一步完善矿山粉尘职业危害风险评估相关法律法规;科学、合理地选择风险评估指标,简化评估工作环节,实现良好的实用效益;突破现有方法局限,建立适用的数据信息论风险评估模型,为矿山粉尘治理提供有效依据;积极应用云计算、大数据等新技术,实现粉尘监测—风险评估—智能防控一体化系统建设。
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundationproject no.20-17-00180-P“Development of a scenario approach to the tasks of seismic hazard and risk assessment”。
文摘We are living in a world of numbers and calculations with enormous amount of pretty fast user-friendly software ready for an automatic output that may lead to a discovery or,alternatively,mislead to a deceptive conclusion,erroneous claims and predictions.As a matter of fact,nowadays,Science can disclose Natural Hazards,assess Risks,and deliver the state-of-the-art Knowledge of looming disaster in advance catastrophes along with useful Recommendations on the level of risks for decision making regarding engineering design,insurance,and emergency management.
