In this study, regional persistent haze events（RPHEs） in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei（BTH） region were identified based on the Objective Identification Technique for Regional Extreme Events for the period 1980–201...In this study, regional persistent haze events（RPHEs） in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei（BTH） region were identified based on the Objective Identification Technique for Regional Extreme Events for the period 1980–2013. The formation mechanisms of the severe RPHEs were investigated with focus on the atmospheric circulation and dynamic mechanisms. Results indicated that：（1） 49 RPHEs occurred during the past 34 years.（2） The severe RPHEs could be categorized into two types according to the large-scale circulation, i.e. the zonal westerly airflow（ZWA） type and the high-pressure ridge（HPR） type. When the ZWA-type RPHEs occurred, the BTH region was controlled by near zonal westerly airflow in the mid–upper troposphere.Southwesterly winds prevailed in the lower troposphere, and near-surface wind speeds were only 1–2 ms^-1. Warm and humid air originating from the northwestern Pacific was transported into the region, where the relative humidity was 70% to 80%, creating favorable moisture conditions. When the HPR-type RPHEs appeared, northwesterly airflow in the mid–upper troposphere controlled the region. Westerly winds prevailed in the lower troposphere and the moisture conditions were relatively weak.（3） Descending motion in the mid-lower troposphere caused by the above two circulation types provided a crucial dynamic mechanism for the formation of the two types of RPHEs. The descending motion contributed to a reduction in the height of the planetary boundary layer（PBL）, which generated an inversion in the lower troposphere. This inversion trapped the abundant pollution and moisture in the lower PBL, leading to high concentrations of pollutants.展开更多
Since China broke the blockade and opened the country to the outside world, many township enterprises develop quickly. Together with the pollution caused by China’s coal-burning as the main source of national energy,...Since China broke the blockade and opened the country to the outside world, many township enterprises develop quickly. Together with the pollution caused by China’s coal-burning as the main source of national energy, the pollution caused by small and medium-sized enterprises in towns and villages due to their small investment, low technology level and weak environmental awareness, and the pollution caused by a sharp increase in motor vehicle emissions lead to the fact that fog-haze has been rampant in China’s cities and urban agglomerations for nearly two decades, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This paper sorted out the current situation of fog-haze and analyzed the causes of fog-haze from the two aspects of natural and man-made causes, discussed the harms of fog-haze to human body, environment and life, and put forward the concrete measures to solve the fog-haze problem.展开更多
针对雾霾天气下交通信号灯定位准确率较低、图像增强时出现图像亮度不均匀的问题,该文提出一种基于改进的带色彩恢复的多尺度视网膜增强(Multi-Scale Retinex with Color Restoration,MSRCR)的雾霾天气下信号灯识别算法。首先利用改进的...针对雾霾天气下交通信号灯定位准确率较低、图像增强时出现图像亮度不均匀的问题,该文提出一种基于改进的带色彩恢复的多尺度视网膜增强(Multi-Scale Retinex with Color Restoration,MSRCR)的雾霾天气下信号灯识别算法。首先利用改进的MSRCR算法对有雾图像进行预处理,校正图像亮度并丰富图像细节;再利用最大稳定极值区域(Maximally Stable Extremal Regions,MSER)算法以及信号灯的背板信息确定信号灯的位置;最后将定位区域转换至HSV空间进行信号灯识别。结果表明,该方法能够在雾霾条件下有效地定位及识别交通信号灯。展开更多
基金jointly sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(Grant No.2013CB430202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41401056)+1 种基金the China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(Grant No.GYHY201406001)the Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYLX15 0858)
文摘In this study, regional persistent haze events（RPHEs） in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei（BTH） region were identified based on the Objective Identification Technique for Regional Extreme Events for the period 1980–2013. The formation mechanisms of the severe RPHEs were investigated with focus on the atmospheric circulation and dynamic mechanisms. Results indicated that：（1） 49 RPHEs occurred during the past 34 years.（2） The severe RPHEs could be categorized into two types according to the large-scale circulation, i.e. the zonal westerly airflow（ZWA） type and the high-pressure ridge（HPR） type. When the ZWA-type RPHEs occurred, the BTH region was controlled by near zonal westerly airflow in the mid–upper troposphere.Southwesterly winds prevailed in the lower troposphere, and near-surface wind speeds were only 1–2 ms^-1. Warm and humid air originating from the northwestern Pacific was transported into the region, where the relative humidity was 70% to 80%, creating favorable moisture conditions. When the HPR-type RPHEs appeared, northwesterly airflow in the mid–upper troposphere controlled the region. Westerly winds prevailed in the lower troposphere and the moisture conditions were relatively weak.（3） Descending motion in the mid-lower troposphere caused by the above two circulation types provided a crucial dynamic mechanism for the formation of the two types of RPHEs. The descending motion contributed to a reduction in the height of the planetary boundary layer（PBL）, which generated an inversion in the lower troposphere. This inversion trapped the abundant pollution and moisture in the lower PBL, leading to high concentrations of pollutants.
文摘Since China broke the blockade and opened the country to the outside world, many township enterprises develop quickly. Together with the pollution caused by China’s coal-burning as the main source of national energy, the pollution caused by small and medium-sized enterprises in towns and villages due to their small investment, low technology level and weak environmental awareness, and the pollution caused by a sharp increase in motor vehicle emissions lead to the fact that fog-haze has been rampant in China’s cities and urban agglomerations for nearly two decades, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This paper sorted out the current situation of fog-haze and analyzed the causes of fog-haze from the two aspects of natural and man-made causes, discussed the harms of fog-haze to human body, environment and life, and put forward the concrete measures to solve the fog-haze problem.
文摘针对雾霾天气下交通信号灯定位准确率较低、图像增强时出现图像亮度不均匀的问题,该文提出一种基于改进的带色彩恢复的多尺度视网膜增强(Multi-Scale Retinex with Color Restoration,MSRCR)的雾霾天气下信号灯识别算法。首先利用改进的MSRCR算法对有雾图像进行预处理,校正图像亮度并丰富图像细节;再利用最大稳定极值区域(Maximally Stable Extremal Regions,MSER)算法以及信号灯的背板信息确定信号灯的位置;最后将定位区域转换至HSV空间进行信号灯识别。结果表明,该方法能够在雾霾条件下有效地定位及识别交通信号灯。
