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GENERAL SOLUTION FOR INTERACTION OF SOLITARY WAVES INCLUDING HEAD-ON COLLISIONS 被引量:1
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作者 Chia-Shun Yih (The University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,Michigan 48109-2125,USA) 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1993年第2期97-101,共5页
A general solution of the Boussinesq equation is presented which solves the problem of interaction of any number of right-going and left-going solitary waves.The solution relies on the exact solu- tion of Gardner,Gree... A general solution of the Boussinesq equation is presented which solves the problem of interaction of any number of right-going and left-going solitary waves.The solution relies on the exact solu- tion of Gardner,Greene,Kruskal,and Miura(1967),and has the same degree of accuracy as that solution, but has a wider scope of application.It is much simpler than,but as accurate as,Hirota's exact solu- tion(1973)of the Boussinesq equation,to which the present solution is compared for the simplest case of two solitary waves in head-on collision. 展开更多
关键词 interaction of solitary waves head-on collisions KdV equation Boussinesq equation
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Use of Finite Element Analysis for the Prediction of Driver Fatality Ratio Based on Vehicle Intrusion Ratio in Head-On Collisions 被引量:1
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作者 Rasoul Moradi Rajarshi Setpally Hamid M. Lankarani 《Applied Mathematics》 2013年第5期56-63,共8页
To estimate the aggressivity of vehicles in frontal crashes, national highway traffic safety administration (NHTSA) has introduced the driver fatality ratio, DFR, for different vehicle-to-vehicle categories. The DFR p... To estimate the aggressivity of vehicles in frontal crashes, national highway traffic safety administration (NHTSA) has introduced the driver fatality ratio, DFR, for different vehicle-to-vehicle categories. The DFR proposed by NHTSA is based on the actual crash statistical data, which makes it difficult to evaluate for other vehicle categories newly introduced to the market, as they do not have sufficient crash statistics. A finite element (FE) methodology is proposed in this study based on computational reconstruction of crashes and some objective measures to predict the relative risk of DFR associated with any vehicle-to-vehicle crash. The suggested objective measures include the ratios of maximum intrusion in the passenger compartments of the vehicles in crash, and the transmitted peak deceleration of the vehicles’ center of gravity, which are identified as the main influencing parameters on occupant injury. The suitability of the proposed method is established for a range of bullet light truck and van (LTV) categories against a small target passenger car with published data by NHTSA. A mathematical relation between the objective measures and DFR is then developed. The methodology is then extended to predict the relative risk of DFR for a crossover category vehicle, a light pick-up truck, and a mid-size car in crash against a small size passenger car. It is observed that the ratio of intrusions produces a reasonable estimate for the DFR, and that it can be utilized in predicting the relative risk of fatality ratios in head-on collisions. The FE methodology proposed in this study can be utilized in design process of a vehicle to reduce the aggressivity of the vehicle and to increase the on-road fleet compatibility in order to reduce the occupant injury out- come. 展开更多
关键词 Finite Element Modeling DRIVER FATALITY RATIO AGGRESSIVE Crash head-on collisions Passenger COMPARTMENT Intrusion OCCUPANT Injury Potential
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Cosmological Redshift Caused by Head-On Collisions with CMB Photons, Not by Expansion of Space
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作者 Gurcharn S. Sandhu Ishaan S. Dhindsa 《Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology》 CAS 2024年第4期1675-1698,共24页
The Big Bang model was first proposed in 1931 by Georges Lemaitre. Lemaitre and Hubble discovered a linear correlation between distances to galaxies and their redshifts. The correlation between redshifts and distances... The Big Bang model was first proposed in 1931 by Georges Lemaitre. Lemaitre and Hubble discovered a linear correlation between distances to galaxies and their redshifts. The correlation between redshifts and distances arises in all expanding models of universe as the cosmological redshift is commonly attributed to stretching of wavelengths of photons propagating through the expanding space. Fritz Zwicky suggested that the cosmological redshift could be caused by the interaction of propagating light photons with certain inherent features of the cosmos to lose a fraction of their energy. However, Zwicky did not provide any physical mechanism to support his tired light hypothesis. In this paper, we have developed the mechanism of producing cosmological redshift through head-on collision between light and CMB photons. The process of repeated energy loss of visual photons through n head-on collisions with CMB photons, constitutes a primary mechanism for producing the Cosmological redshift z. While this process results in steady reduction in the energy of visual photons, it also results in continuous increase in the number of photons in the CMB. After a head-on collision with a CMB photon, the incoming light photon, with reduced energy, keeps moving on its original path without any deflection or scattering in any way. After propagation through very large distances in the intergalactic space, all light photons will tend to lose bulk of their energy and fall into the invisible region of the spectrum. Thus, this mechanism of producing cosmological redshift through gradual energy depletion, also explains the Olbers’s paradox. 展开更多
关键词 Redshift CMBR Big Bang Cosmology Elastic collisions Tired Light
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Investigating the elliptic anisotropy of identified particles in p-Pb collisions with a multi-phase transport model 被引量:1
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作者 Si-Yu Tang Liang Zheng +1 位作者 Xiao-Ming Zhang Ren-Zhuo Wan 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期160-169,共10页
The elliptic azimuthal anisotropy coefficient(v_(2))of the identified particles at midrapidity(|η|<0.8)was investigated in p-Pb collisions at√s_(NN)=5.02 TeV using a multi-phase transport model(AMPT).The calculat... The elliptic azimuthal anisotropy coefficient(v_(2))of the identified particles at midrapidity(|η|<0.8)was investigated in p-Pb collisions at√s_(NN)=5.02 TeV using a multi-phase transport model(AMPT).The calculations of differential v_(2)based on the advanced flow extraction method of light flavor hadrons(pions,kaons,protons,andΛ)in small collision systems were extended to a wider transverse momentum(p_(T))range of up to 8 GeV/c for the first time.The string-melting version of the AMPT model provides a good description of the measured p_(T)-differential v_(2)of the mesons but exhibits a slight deviation from the baryon v_(2).In addition,we observed the features of mass ordering at low p_(T)and the approximate number-of-constituentquark(NCQ)scaling at intermediate p_(T).Moreover,we demonstrate that hadronic rescattering does not have a significant impact on v_(2)in p-Pb collisions for different centrality selections,whereas partonic scattering dominates in generating the elliptic anisotropy of the final particles.This study provides further insight into the origin of collective-like behavior in small collision systems and has referential value for future measurements of azimuthal anisotropy. 展开更多
关键词 Azimuthal anisotropy Small collision systems Transport model
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Electromagnetic fields in ultra-peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions 被引量:1
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作者 Jie Zhao Jin-Hui Chen +1 位作者 Xu-Guang Huang Yu-Gang Ma 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期103-109,共7页
Ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions(UPCs)offer unique opportunities to study processes under strong electromagnetic fields.In these collisions,highly charged fast-moving ions carry strong electromagnetic fields that... Ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions(UPCs)offer unique opportunities to study processes under strong electromagnetic fields.In these collisions,highly charged fast-moving ions carry strong electromagnetic fields that can be effectively treated as photon fluxes.The exchange of photons can induce photonuclear and two-photon interactions and excite ions.This excitation of the ions results in Coulomb dissociation with the emission of photons,neutrons,and other particles.Additionally,the electromagnetic fields generated by the ions can be sufficiently strong to enforce mutual interactions between the two colliding ions.Consequently,the two colliding ions experience an electromagnetic force that pushes them in opposite directions,causing a back-to-back correlation in the emitted neutrons.Using a Monte Carlo simulation,we qualitatively demonstrate that the above electromagnetic effect is large enough to be observed in UPCs,which would provide a clear means to study strong electromagnetic fields and their effects. 展开更多
关键词 Electromagnetic fields Neutrons Ultra-peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions(UPC)
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Violent collisions can reveal hexadecapole deformation of nuclei
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作者 Björn Schenke 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期1-3,共3页
A new observable in heavy ion collision experiments was identified to be sensitive to the hexadecapole deformation of the colliding nuclei.Such deformation is difficult to measure in traditional nuclear electric trans... A new observable in heavy ion collision experiments was identified to be sensitive to the hexadecapole deformation of the colliding nuclei.Such deformation is difficult to measure in traditional nuclear electric transition measurements,as it is often overwhelmed by the nuclear quadrupole deformation.This opens the door to gain new insight into nuclear structure with experiments that were designed to study hot and dense nuclear matter. 展开更多
关键词 deformation collisION INSIGHT
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Production of the X(4014)as the Spin-2 Partner of X(3872)in e^(+)e^(-)Collisions
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作者 Pan-Pan Shi Vadim Baru +2 位作者 Feng-Kun Guo Christoph Hanhart Alexey Nefediev 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期30-36,共7页
In 2021,the Belle collaboration reported the first observation of a new structure in theψ(2S)γfinal state produced in the two-photon fusion process.In the hadronic molecule picture,this new structure can be associat... In 2021,the Belle collaboration reported the first observation of a new structure in theψ(2S)γfinal state produced in the two-photon fusion process.In the hadronic molecule picture,this new structure can be associatedwith the shallow isoscalar D*D* bound state and as such is an excellent candidate for the spin-2 partner of the X(3872)with the quantum numbers J^(PC)=2^(++)conventionally named X_(2). 展开更多
关键词 PROCESS X(3872) collisions
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Impact of initial fluctuations and nuclear deformations in isobar collisions
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作者 Jian-Fei Wang Hao-Jie Xu Fu-Qiang Wang 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期155-162,共8页
Relativistic isobar^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zrcollisions have revealed intricate differences in their nuclear size and shape,inspiring unconventional studies of nuclear structure using relat... Relativistic isobar^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zrcollisions have revealed intricate differences in their nuclear size and shape,inspiring unconventional studies of nuclear structure using relativistic heavy ion collisions.In this study,we investigate the relative differences in the mean multiplicityR_(<Nch>)and the secondR_(ε2)and third-order eccentricityR_(ε3)between isobar collisions using initial state Glauber models.It is found that initial fluctuations and nuclear deformations have negligible effects on R_(<Nch>)in most central collisions,while both are important for the R_(ε2)and R_(ε3),the degree of which is sensitive to the underlying nucleonic or sub-nucleonic degree of freedom.These features,compared to real data,may probe the particle production mechanism and the physics underlying nuclear structure. 展开更多
关键词 Relativistic isobar collisions Initial fluctuations Nuclear deformation
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Transverse momentum balance of dijets in Xe+Xe collisions at the LHC
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作者 Yao Li Shu-Wan Shen +1 位作者 Sa Wang Ben-Wei Zhang 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期137-146,共10页
We present a theoretical study of the medium modifications of the p_(T)balance (x_(J)) of dijets in Xe+Xe collisions at■.The initial production of dijets was carried out using the POWHEG+PYTHIA8 prescription,which ma... We present a theoretical study of the medium modifications of the p_(T)balance (x_(J)) of dijets in Xe+Xe collisions at■.The initial production of dijets was carried out using the POWHEG+PYTHIA8 prescription,which matches the next-toleading-order (NLO) QCD matrix elements with the parton shower (PS) effect.The SHELL model described the in-medium evolution of nucleus–nucleus collisions using a transport approach.The theoretical results of the dijet xJin the Xe+Xe collisions exhibit more imbalanced distributions than those in the p+p collisions,consistent with recently reported ATLAS data.By utilizing the Interleaved Flavor Neutralisation,an infrared-and-collinear-safe jet flavor algorithm,to identify the flavor of the reconstructed jets,we classify dijets processes into three categories:gluon–gluon (gg),quark–gluon (qg),and quark–quark (qq),and investigated the respective medium modification patterns and fraction changes of the gg,qg,and qq components of the dijet sample in Xe+Xe collisions.It is shown that the increased fraction of qg component at a small x_(J)contributes to the imbalance of the dijet;in particular,the q_(1)g_(2)(quark-jet-leading) dijets experience more significant asymmetric energy loss than the g_(1)q_(2)(gluon-jet-leading) dijets traversing the QGP.By comparing the■of inclusive,■ dijets in Xe+Xe collisions,we observe■.Moreover,ρ_(Xe),P_(b),the ratios of the nuclear modification factors of dijets in Xe+Xe to those in Pb+Pb,were calculated,which indicates that the yield suppression of dijets in Pb+Pb is more pronounced than that in Xe+Xe owing to the larger radius of the lead nucleus. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy-ion collisions Quark-gluon plasma Jet quenching Transverse momentum balance
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Properties of collective flow and pion production in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions with a relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model
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作者 Si-Na Wei Zhao-Qing Feng 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期155-169,共15页
The relativistic mean-field approach was implemented in the Lanzhou quantum molecular dynamics transport model(LQMD.RMF). Using the LQMD.RMF, the properties of collective flow and pion production were investigated sys... The relativistic mean-field approach was implemented in the Lanzhou quantum molecular dynamics transport model(LQMD.RMF). Using the LQMD.RMF, the properties of collective flow and pion production were investigated systematically for nuclear reactions with various isospin asymmetries. The directed and elliptic flows of the LQMD.RMF are able to describe the experimental data of STAR Collaboration. The directed flow difference between free neutrons and protons was associated with the stiffness of the symmetry energy, that is, a softer symmetry energy led to a larger flow difference. For various collision energies, the ratio between the π^(-) and π^(+) yields increased with a decrease in the slope parameter of the symmetry energy. When the collision energy was 270 MeV/nucleon, the single ratio of the pion transverse momentum spectra also increased with decreasing slope parameter of the symmetry energy in both nearly symmetric and neutron-rich systems.However, it is difficult to constrain the stiffness of the symmetry energy with the double ratio because of the lack of threshold energy correction on the pion production. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy-ion collision Collective flow Pion production Symmetry energy Relativistic mean field
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The study of intelligent algorithm in particle identification of heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies
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作者 Gao-Yi Cheng Qian-Min Su +1 位作者 Xi-Guang Cao Guo-Qiang Zhang 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期170-182,共13页
Traditional particle identification methods face timeconsuming,experience-dependent,and poor repeatability challenges in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.Researchers urgently need solutions to the... Traditional particle identification methods face timeconsuming,experience-dependent,and poor repeatability challenges in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.Researchers urgently need solutions to the dilemma of traditional particle identification methods.This study explores the possibility of applying intelligent learning algorithms to the particle identification of heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.Multiple intelligent algorithms,including XgBoost and TabNet,were selected to test datasets from the neutron ion multi-detector for reaction-oriented dynamics(NIMROD-ISiS)and Geant4 simulation.Tree-based machine learning algorithms and deep learning algorithms e.g.TabNet show excellent performance and generalization ability.Adding additional data features besides energy deposition can improve the algorithm’s performance when the data distribution is nonuniform.Intelligent learning algorithms can be applied to solve the particle identification problem in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies Machine learning Ensemble learning algorithm Particle identification Data imbalance
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Electron capture and excitation in intermediate-energy He^(2+)–H(1s,2s)collisions
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作者 刘亚东 贾聪聪 +5 位作者 马茗萱 高翔 刘玲 吴勇 陈向军 王建国 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期72-79,共8页
The semiclassical non-perturbative atomic orbital close-coupling approach has been employed to study the electron capture and excitation processes in He^(2+)-H(1s)and He^(2+)-H(2s)collision systems.In order to ensure ... The semiclassical non-perturbative atomic orbital close-coupling approach has been employed to study the electron capture and excitation processes in He^(2+)-H(1s)and He^(2+)-H(2s)collision systems.In order to ensure the accuracy of our calculated cross sections,a large number of high excited states and pseudostates are included in the expansion basis sets which are centered on the target and projectile,respectively.The total and partial charge transfer and excitation cross sections are obtained for a wide-energy domain ranging from 1 keV/amu to 200 keV/amu.The present calculations are also compared with the results from other theoretical methods.These cross section data are useful for the investigation of astrophysics and laboratory plasma. 展开更多
关键词 atomic orbital close-coupling(AOCC)method inelastic collision processes electron capture and excitation
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Precision Tests of the Nonlinear Mode Coupling of Anisotropic Flow via High-Energy Collisions of Isobars 被引量:2
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作者 贾江涌 Giuliano Giacalone 张春健 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第4期18-22,共5页
Valuable information on dynamics of expanding fluids can be inferred from the response of such systems to perturbations in their initial geometry.We apply this technique in high-energy^(96)Ru+^(96)Ru and^(96)Zr+^(96)Z... Valuable information on dynamics of expanding fluids can be inferred from the response of such systems to perturbations in their initial geometry.We apply this technique in high-energy^(96)Ru+^(96)Ru and^(96)Zr+^(96)Zr collisions to scrutinize the expansion dynamics of the quark-gluon plasma,where the initial geometry perturbations are sourced by the differences in deformations and radial profiles between^(96)Ru and^(96)Zr,and the collective response is captured by the change in anisotropic flow Vn between the two collision systems.Using a transport model,we analyze how the nonlinear coupling between lower-order flow harmonics V_(2)and V_(3)to the higher-order flow harmonics V_(4)and V_(5),expected to scale as V_(4)NL= χ_(4)V_(2)2and V_(5)NL= χ_(5)V_(2)V_(3),gets modified as one moves from^(96)Ru+^(96)Ru to^(96)Zr+^(96)Zr systems.We find that these scaling relations are valid to high precision:variations of order 20% in V_(4)NLand V_(5)NLdue to differences in quadrupole deformation,octupole deformation,and nuclear skin modify χ_(4)and χ_(5)by about 1–2%.Percent-level deviations are however larger than the expected experimental uncertainties and could be measured.Therefore,collisions of isobars with different nuclear structures are a unique tool to isolate subtle nonlinear effects in the expansion of the quark-gluon plasma that would be otherwise impossible to access in a single collision system. 展开更多
关键词 collisION HARMONICS PERTURBATIONS
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Production of neutron-rich actinide isotopes in isobaric collisions via multinucleon transfer reactions 被引量:3
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作者 Peng-Hui Chen Chang Geng +2 位作者 Zu-Xing Yang Xiang-Hua Zeng Zhao-Qing Feng 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第10期166-177,共12页
We systematically calculated the multinucleon transfer reactions of ^(208)Os,^(208)Pt,^(208)Hg,^(208)Pb,^(208)Po,^(208)Rn,^(208)Ra,and ^(132,136) Xe when bombarded on ^(232) Th and ^(248) Cm at Coulomb barrier energie... We systematically calculated the multinucleon transfer reactions of ^(208)Os,^(208)Pt,^(208)Hg,^(208)Pb,^(208)Po,^(208)Rn,^(208)Ra,and ^(132,136) Xe when bombarded on ^(232) Th and ^(248) Cm at Coulomb barrier energies within the dinuclear system model.These results are in good agreement with the available experimental data.The influence of Coulomb and shell effects on actinide production in these reactions has been rigorously studied.We calculated and analyzed the potential energy surface (PES) and total kinetic energy (TKE) mass distributions for the reactions involving ^(208)Hg,^(208)Pb,and ^(208) Po with ^(248) Cm and ^(232)Th.The PES and TKE spectra shed light on the fragment formation mechanisms in multinucleon transfer reactions,with clear indications of isospin and shell effects.The production cross sections for multinucleon transfer products show a strong dependence on isobar projectiles with a mass number A=208.Isobar projectiles with high N/Z ratios are advantageous for generating neutron-rich target-like fragments.Conversely,products induced by isobar projectiles with larger charge numbers tend to shift toward proton-rich regions.The intertwining of the Coulomb potential and shell effect is evident in the production cross sections of actinide isotopes.Drawing from reactions induced by radioactive projectiles,we anticipate the discovery of several new actinide isotopes near the nuclear drip lines,extending our reach into the superheavy nuclei domain. 展开更多
关键词 Dinuclear system model Isobaric collisions Multinucleon transfer reactions Neutron-rich actinides
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Effects of sequential decay on collective flows and nuclear stopping power in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies 被引量:1
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作者 Kui Xiao Peng-Cheng Li +2 位作者 Yong-Jia Wang Fu-Hu Liu Qing-Feng Li 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第4期175-184,共10页
In this study, the rapidity distribution, collective flows, and nuclear stopping power in ^(197)Au+^(197)Au collisions at intermediate energies were investigated using the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics(... In this study, the rapidity distribution, collective flows, and nuclear stopping power in ^(197)Au+^(197)Au collisions at intermediate energies were investigated using the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics(UrQMD) model with GEMINI++ code. The UrQMD model was adopted to simulate the dynamic evolution of heavy-ion collisions, whereas the GEMINI++ code was used to simulate the decay of primary fragments produced by UrQMD. The calculated results were compared with the INDRA and FOPI experimental data. It was found that the rapidity distribution, collective flows, and nuclear stopping power were affected to a certain extent by the decay of primary fragments, especially at lower beam energies. Furthermore, the experimental data of the collective flows and nuclear stopping power at the investigated beam energies were better reproduced when the sequential decay effect was included. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy-ion collisions Sequential decay effect Collective flow Nuclear stopping power
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Pseudo-rapidity distributions of charged particles in asymmetric collisions using Tsallis thermodynamics
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作者 Jun‑Qi Tao Hong‑Bin He +4 位作者 Hua Zheng Wen‑Chao Zhang Xing‑Quan Liu Li‑Lin Zhu Aldo Bonasera 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第11期120-127,共8页
The pseudo-rapidity distributions of the charged particles produced in the asymmetric collision systems p+Al,p+Au and ^(3)He+Au at√S_(NN)=200 GeV GeV are evaluated in the framework of a fireball model with Tsallis th... The pseudo-rapidity distributions of the charged particles produced in the asymmetric collision systems p+Al,p+Au and ^(3)He+Au at√S_(NN)=200 GeV GeV are evaluated in the framework of a fireball model with Tsallis thermodynamics.The fireball model assumes that the experimentally measured particles are produced by fireballs following the Tsallis distribution and it can effectively describe the experimental data.Our results as well as previous results for d+Au collisions at√S_(NN)=200 GeV GeV and p+Pb collisions at√S_(NN)=5.02 TeV TeV validate that the fireball model based on Tsallis thermodynamics can provide a universal framework for pseudo-rapidity distribution of the charged particles produced in asymmetric collision systems.We predict the centrality dependence of the total charged particle multiplicity in the p+Al,p+Au and 3He+Au collisions.Additionally,the dependences of the fireball model parameters(y_(0a),y_(0A),σ_(a) and σ_(A))on the centrality and system size are studied. 展开更多
关键词 Tsallis thermodynamics Fireball model Pseudo-rapidity distribution Heavy-ion collisions Charged particles
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Proton-Proton Collisions in View of Thermo-Statistical Approach
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作者 Mohamed Tarek Hussein Zeinab Abdel-Halim Mohamed Tawfik Ghoneim 《Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology》 CAS 2023年第2期475-488,共14页
The data of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions extracted from Durham particle data group at energy ranges √s = 6.3 - 17 GeV and at 0.9 - 7 TeV are investigated in the framework of Tsallis thermo-s... The data of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions extracted from Durham particle data group at energy ranges √s = 6.3 - 17 GeV and at 0.9 - 7 TeV are investigated in the framework of Tsallis thermo-statistics and the Vlasov time dynamics. The analysis can describe the experimental data well all-over the considered energies and rapidity intervals. The variation of the collision parameters (chemical potential, entropy index and the time of evolution) is studied and discussed as a function of the final state temperature. According to the obtained result, a scenario, and a script of the time evolution for the particle production is simulated by the pp collision. 展开更多
关键词 High Energy Particle collisions Statistical Thermodynamic Analysis Phase Transition
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Thermodynamic properties at the kinetic freeze-out in the Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at the RHIC using the Tsallis distribution
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作者 Wei-Hao Wu Jun-Qi Tao +4 位作者 Hua Zheng Wen-Chao Zhang Xing-Quan Liu Li-Lin Zhu Aldo Bonasera 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第10期73-82,共10页
The thermodynamic properties of charged particles,such as the energy density,pressure,entropy density,particle density,and squared speed of sound at the kinetic freeze-out in the Au+Au collisions from the relativistic... The thermodynamic properties of charged particles,such as the energy density,pressure,entropy density,particle density,and squared speed of sound at the kinetic freeze-out in the Au+Au collisions from the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC)beam energy scan program √S_(NN) and in the Cu+Cu collisions at √S_(NN),200 GeV are studied using the thermodynamically consistent Tsallis distribution.The energy density,pressure,and particle density decrease monotonically with the collision energy for the same collision centrality;These properties also decrease monotonically from the central to peripheral collisions at the same collision energy.While the scaled energy densityε∕T^(4) and scaled entropy density s∕T^(3) demonstrate the opposite trend with the collision energy for the same collision centrality.There is a correlation betweenε∕T^(4) and s∕T^(3) at the same centrality.In addition,the squared speed of sound was calculated to determine that all the collision energies share nearly the same value at different collision centralities. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy-ion collision Tsallis distribution Kinetic freeze-out Energy density Entropy density Particle density Squared speed of sound Pressure
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Production of χc and ηc in Ultra-Peripheral Collisions with Two-Photon Processes
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作者 Gongming Yu Yanbing Cai +1 位作者 Quangui Gao Qiang Hu 《Journal of Modern Physics》 2023年第12期1634-1640,共7页
We calculate the production of χ<sub>c</sub> and η<sub>c</sub> by the two-photon process in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Co... We calculate the production of χ<sub>c</sub> and η<sub>c</sub> by the two-photon process in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies. The differential cross section of transverse momentum distribution and rapidity distribution for (H = χ<sub>c</sub> and η<sub>c</sub>), are estimated by using the equivalent photon flux in the impact parameter space. The numerical results indicate that the study of χ<sub>c</sub> and η<sub>c</sub> in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions are feasible at RHIC and LHC energies. 展开更多
关键词 CHARMONIUM Two-Photon Processes Ultra-Peripheral collisions
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Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves
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作者 J.-R.Marquès L.Lancia +11 位作者 P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli J.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salvadori B.Zielbauer 《Matter and Radiation at Extremes》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第2期12-25,共14页
We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,Phys.Plasmas 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this nu... We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,Phys.Plasmas 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas jet.Without tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb explosion.When the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are tailored.This forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal evolution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe beam.The refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma tailoring.Comparison with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas jet.These parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA. 展开更多
关键词 acceleration HYDRODYNAMIC collisION
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