The Relationship of Occupational Health Nurses’ Experiences with Associated Departments in Relation to Project Development of Mental Health Care for Primary Preventive Treatment

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship and experiences of occupational health nurses (OHNs) and related departments in project development of mental health care for primary treatment in the Japanese occupational health setting. Method: A total of 235 OHNs who are members of the Japan Academy of Occupational Health Nursing were sent an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included items on the following: the OHN’s background, whether the OHN had experience in project development, the communication between the associated departments, the Japanese version of the Work Engagement Scale (UWES-J), occupational assessments, workplace assessments, and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) for health promotion in companies and the OHN’s working environment. We performed logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between experience and these harmonious relationships with other associated departments. Result: Responses from 61 OHNs (valid response rate: 25.9%) were analyzed. The mean number of years of service as an OHN was 18.9, and 82% of respondents had experience in project development. The logistic analysis further revealed that OHNs who had experience in project development of mental health care usually had a harmonious relationship with other associated departments. Conclusion: To promote mental health care for workers, OHNs have the capability to create individual and workplace assessments, enhance their work engagement, and make further improvements to their working environment. .

Perceived ill-health and health seeking behavior in two communities in the nam theun 2 hydroelectric project area in Lao Peoples Democratic Republic

Objective:To compare perceived ill-health and health seeking behavior between two communities affected by the large Nam Theun 2 hydroelectric project in central Lao People’s Democratic Republic(PDR).Methods: Two different affected areas;Nakai plateaubeing remote,sparcely populated and mountainous,and Xe Bang Fai lowland plains,more densely populated and comparatively affluent were included.Data were obtained from two cross-sectional household-based health and socio-economic surveys.Results:We found pronounced differences in the frequency of self-reported fever,cough,headache and myalgia according to location.On the Nakai plateau,45.1%of the individuals with ill-health report(recall period;2 weeks) went to a local health volunteer compared to only 7.2%in the Xe Bang Fai area(P 【 0.001 ).In Nakai,there were disproportionately more illiterates seeking help from local health volunteers when compared to those who attended at least primary schooling(49.2%versus 17.5%,P 【0.01 ).Self-medication with antimalarials was more common in Xe Bang Fai than on Nakai(32.3%versus 7.0%,P 【 0.001).The mean amount of money spent per health consultation was US $ 1.7 in Nakai and US $ 7.2 in Xe Bang Fai.Conclusion:The observed differences in self-reported ill-health and health seeking behavior among these two Lao communities need to be considered when implementing setting-specific mitigation measures as part of the public health action plan of the Nam Theun 2 hydroelectric project.

Inaccuracy of Self-reported Low Sodium Diet among Chinese: Findings from Baseline Survey for Shandong & Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension(SMASH) Project

This study was aimed to evaluate the agreement between the self-reported sodium intake level and 24-h urine sodium excretion level in Chinese. The 24-h urine collection was conducted among 2112 adults aged 18-69 years randomly selected in Shandong Province, China. The subjects were asked whether their sodium intake was low, moderate, or high. The weighted kappa statistics was calculated to assess the agreement between 24-h urine sodium excretion level and self-reported sodium intake level. One third of the subjects reported low sodium intake level. About 70% of the subjects had mean 24-h sodium excretion 〉9 g/d, but reported low or moderate sodium intake.

Projecting Health Outcomes for Portuguese Ageing Population: Challenges and Opportunities

Objectives: To project health outcomes for the period 2011-2031, in the Portuguese population aged 65 years and over, considering the expected changes in its demographic and educational structure. Methods: Demographic projections were produced using the multistate cohort component method. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate current differences in health outcomes, using data from the Portuguese Health Survey. Such differences were applied to the projection results, in order to project the prevalence of “poor” self-reported health status, functional limitations and disability. Results: Our results point to a future improvement in the considered health outcomes. The prevalence of “poor” self-reported health status, functional limitations and disability will decrease in both genders, but will continue to be higher among women than men. Discussion: Beyond age and gender, other determinants of health, like education, should be considered when studying the possible evolution of health outcomes in an ageing population.

Health Providers’ Points of View on the Impact of the Project to Strengthen the Expanded Program of Routine Vaccination from 2014 to 2018 in the Barumbu Health Zone in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 3 million deaths are prevented each year in the world thanks to vaccination and then, in addition, each year, it makes it possible to avoid nearly 750,000 children suffering from serious physical, mental or neurological handicaps and 1.5 million other deaths could be avoided if the vaccination coverage is improved. However, vaccination coverage is often not achieved due to various difficulties encountered by health providers in the expanded program on vaccination activities. Yet, it is important to strengthen the program. This research paper aimed to assess health providers’ points of view on the impact of the project to strengthen the routine expanded program on vaccination in the Barumbu health zone in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (RDC). To do so, we surveyed a convenience sample of 234 health providers involved in the implementation of the project, including 210 community relays, 9 permanent nurses, 9 health committee chairpersons and 6 health authorities. A questionnaire related to the objective of the research was submitted to them. After analyzing the data, we found that the points of view of health providers are negative. The performance of the vaccination program was not great. Several reasons were given for this, including the non-involvement of the political and administrative authorities, the failure to respect the funds disbursement circuit and the non-effective financing of vaccination activities in the Barumbu health zone in Kinshasa, DRC.

HSPM:A Better Model to Effectively Preventing Open-Source Projects from Dying

With the rapid development of Open-Source(OS),more and more software projects are maintained and developed in the form of OS.These Open-Source projects depend on and influence each other,gradually forming a huge OS project network,namely an Open-Source Software ECOsystem(OSSECO).Unfortunately,not all OS projects in the open-source ecosystem can be healthy and stable in the long term,and more projects will go from active to inactive and gradually die.In a tightly connected ecosystem,the death of one project can potentially cause the collapse of the entire ecosystem network.How can we effectively prevent such situations from happening?In this paper,we first identify the basic project characteristics that affect the survival of OS projects at both project and ecosystem levels through the proportional hazards model.Then,we utilize graph convolutional networks based on the ecosystem network to extract the ecosystem environment characteristics of OS projects.Finally,we fuse basic project characteristics and environmental project characteristics and construct a Hybrid Structured Prediction Model(HSPM)to predict the OS project survival state.The experimental results show that HSPM significantly improved compared to the traditional prediction model.Our work can substantially assist OS project managers in maintaining their projects’health.It can also provide an essential reference for developers when choosing the right open-source project for their production activities.

心理健康教育与服务:拔尖创新人才培养的根基工程

心理健康教育与服务并重,并逐渐从心理健康教育走向心理健康服务,这是时代发展的需要。通过对心理健康教育与服务和拔尖创新人才培养两者关系的梳理与分析,表明积极的心理健康品质可以为拔尖创新人才的创造力培养提供前提与保障,而他们富有创造力的活动也会促进自身心理健康的发展。这两者的辨证关系,再次证明在学校实施心理健康教育、加强心理健康服务及其体系建设的重要价值。积极稳妥地推进中国特色的学校心理健康教育与服务体系建设,需要编制中国特色本土化的心理健康评价工具,开发学校心理健康课程与教育资源,加强学校心理辅导与心理咨询室建设,进一步完善学校危机预防与干预服务系统,切实把心理健康教育与服务作为拔尖创新人才培养的根基工程,把拔尖创新人才培养作为实施心理健康教育与服务的制高点,为实施心理健康教育与服务、拔尖创新型人才培养的国家战略提供新理念和新路径。

中国海洋渔业生态系统健康评价及动态演进

本文基于生态系统健康的基本逻辑与科学内涵构建评价指标体系,评价2008—2021年中国沿海11个省、市和自治区的海洋渔业生态系统健康及各要素层水平,借助传统与空间Kernel密度估计方法分析中国海洋渔业生态系统健康水平的分布动态演进和长期转移趋势。研究发现:在动态演化特征方面,中国海洋渔业生态系统健康水平随时间的推移提升效果显著,其内部各地区海洋渔业生态健康水平的绝对差异呈上升趋势,且极化现象存在加剧趋势。从各要素层分布曲线来看,海洋渔业生态系统活力的下滑制约了海洋渔业生态系统健康水平的提升;海洋渔业生态系统弹性的变化拉动了海洋渔业生态系统健康水平的不断攀升。在长期转移趋势方面,不考虑空间因素条件下,沿海各地区海洋渔业生态系统健康水平具有较强的稳定性与连续性,在3年的时间跨度内实现跨越式等级跃迁的可能性较小,且存在向低水平和高水平“俱乐部收敛”的可能性。考虑空间因素条件下,中国海洋渔业生态系统健康水平在空间动态条件下的演进趋势呈现“断层”现象。处于1.2~1.4临界级与良好级的相邻地区间存在趋同性,而处于0.6以下风险级与1.4以上良好级的地区不易与相邻地区发生空间关联作用。

高校瑜伽项目促进学生身心健康发展的研究

为明晰高校瑜伽运动对学生身心健康发展的影响,研究基于文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,就高校瑜伽项目的发展难点、堵点进行分析,以提出促进学生身心健康发展的提升路径。研究发现,高校瑜伽项目在发展中面临学生参与程度不高、缺乏专业的教练指导、学生认知态度存在偏见、练习评估反馈机制缺乏的困境,阻碍了瑜伽项目的发展,影响了学生的学习效果,从而阻碍了学生身心健康的可持续发展。对此,为实现高校瑜伽项目促进学生身心健康发展的目的,提出以下提升路径:加强顶层设计,推动宣传推广;加强师资队伍建设,提供培训指导;消除瑜伽偏见,增强参与意识;科技赋能瑜伽,推进项目发展。

2023年度医学科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结2023年度国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部评审工作情况,对各类项目申请受理、评审及资助情况进行汇总和分析,尤其是科学基金深化改革新举措的实施情况;同时提出下一年度工作思路,以提高医学科学基金的资助效能。

2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金项目资助情况分析

目的 分析2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金(National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC)项目资助情况,为妇幼保健机构科研能力建设提供参考。方法 运用NSFC大数据知识管理服务平台和全国妇幼保健机构监测数据,分析NSFC项目申请、获资助、负责人等基本情况,比较获资助和未获资助机构在人力资源和承担科研课题项目上的差异性。结果 2011—2022年我国35家妇幼保健机构作为NSFC依托单位共申请项目861项,获资助率为10.57%;青年科学基金、面上项目、地区科学基金为主要申请和获资助类型,获资助率分别为7.27%、5.34%和15.21%,存在类别间和地区间差异。55.8%的项目负责人在首次获资助前参与过NSFC项目,且78.13%为高等院校牵头项目;项目负责人中,高级职称占58.25%、博士研究生学历占62.64%;获资助机构承担或独立承担科研课题项目数多于未获资助机构,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 我国妇幼保健机构科研能力仍相对薄弱,人才储备和科研基础是项目申请成功的有利因素,妇幼保健机构应加强科研人才的引进与培养,以需求为牵引,关注政策导向,聚焦学术前沿,注重学科交叉,增强合作,推动科研创新能力提升,助力妇幼保健机构可持续、高质量地发展。

基于史密斯执行模型的乡镇卫生院基本公共卫生服务项目执行效能及其影响因素甄别

目的:探讨乡镇卫生院基本公共卫生服务项目的执行效能及其影响因素,为提高乡镇卫生院的服务质量和公共卫生水平提供参考和建议。方法:以史密斯执行模型为理论框架,通过分层整群抽样的方法,对四川省绵阳市和巴中市,以及黑龙江省哈尔滨市和齐齐哈尔市的乡镇卫生院人员进行问卷调查,分析基本公共卫生服务项目的执行效能及其驱动因素。结果:52.9%的被调查者对所在乡镇卫生院的基本公共卫生服务项目的执行效能评价较低。影响执行效能的八个显著预测因素分别是:人员职责划分不合理(OR=2.695)、人员胜任力低(OR=2.258)、项目执行不均衡(OR=1.724)、项目执行缺乏持久力(OR=1.541)、群众健康观念不足(OR=2.026)、群众对乡镇卫生院的信任程度低(OR=1.361)、乡镇卫生院各利益相关方的业务协同机制不完善(OR=1.346)和信息化协同机制不完善(OR=1.095)。结论:乡镇卫生院应加强人员培训和管理,优化项目执行流程和策略,提高群众的健康意识和信任度,完善业务协同和信息化协同机制,以提高基本公共卫生服务项目的执行效能。

某三甲医院继续医学教育项目管理实践探索

继续医学教育是保障医务工作者持续学习、终身学习的重要方法,同时也是优质医疗教育资源下沉的重要途径。随着继教项目逐年增多,如何高效做好项目管理,提高继教培训质量显得尤为重要。笔者通过概述中国医学科学院阜外医院在继续教育项目中采用“智慧+”方法,从项目申报、项目评审、项目通知、项目举办、学分发放、师资培训、考核评价7项措施提高继续医学教育项目质量,并提出了改进“智慧+”继续医学教育项目管理工作建议。

台风灾后环境卫生应急处置虚拟仿真实验教学项目的应用

结合福建省的自然环境特点,在预防医学教学实践中引入了台风灾后环境卫生应急处置虚拟仿真实践教学项目。相较于传统教学,虚拟仿真教学显著提升了学生的学习效果。使用意图是虚拟仿真系统在教学应用中的制约因素,会影响学生的学习热情,后续建议进一步提高虚拟仿真项目的临场感、学习者主动性和感知易用性。

区域科教兴医战略背景下上海市浦东新区卫生科技项目热点分析

目的:了解上海市浦东新区医疗卫生领域科研项目的整体情况,为我国持续推进医疗领域科学研究提供参考。方法:以2017-2021年浦东新区卫生科技成果汇编与浦东新区科教兴医平台数据为数据来源,采用Python的pandas库和jieba自然语言处理工具库提取关键词,并通过文献题录信息统计分析工具(SATI)进行进一步分析和可视化呈现。结果:科研项目数量呈“J”型变化趋势,其中面上项目占比最高。通过关键词词频分析和可视化网络分析,揭示了该研究领域的热点和趋势。关键词词频分析发现“治疗”“临床”“患者”“应用”“影响”“联合”和“疗效”等关键词频次较高。时间序列分析发现,“治疗”这一关键词在2018年后上升。关键词可视化网络分析显示出以“治疗”和“临床”为核心和以“患者”为核心的两个主要集群。在第一个集群中,“疗效”和“机制”是重要的研究焦点,涉及多种疾病如肺癌、甲状腺疾病等。而第二个集群关注“应用”和“社区”,研究涵盖糖尿病、冠心病等健康问题。结论:2017~2021年上海市浦东新区医疗卫生领域科研项目立足实际,符合政策引导与民众实际需要。未来应加强人才培养、紧跟国家政策动态、促进学科建设以及平衡不同层次医疗机构科研投入,特别关注慢性病管理、精神卫生问题和中医药服务发展,采取加强社区科研建设、推动多学科合作等实际措施。

海南省居民对国家基本公共卫生服务项目知晓率与满意度网络调查分析

[目的]了解海南省居民对国家基本公共卫生服务项目的知晓率和满意度情况。[方法]采用方便抽样方法,对海南省31507名居民进行网络问卷调查,运用卡方检验、二分类Logistic回归和Spearman相关分析进行统计分析。[结果]海南居民对基本公共卫生服务项目的总体知晓率为85.8%,知晓率的主要影响因素为性别、民族、居住地区、年龄、文化程度、职业、人群类型和家庭平均月收入。居民总体满意度为93.8%,满意度的主要影响因素为年龄、文化程度、居住地区和职业。知晓率与满意度之间呈正相关(r s=0.330,P<0.001)。[结论]海南省居民对国家基本公共卫生服务项目知晓率和满意度较高,应进一步加大宣传力度,提高服务质量,进而提高居民的获得感。

面向海量北斗变形监测数据的站点健康诊断自动化技术

2021年南水北调中线工程天津干线建立了包含102个国产北斗监测站点的沉降监测系统,每天新增约6.4 GB的原始观测数据和2125个沉降监测结果。工程距离跨度大,人工巡检效率低,难以快速、及时地对监测站点的健康状况进行诊断。为解决此问题,提出了一种面向海量北斗变形监测数据的站点健康诊断自动化技术。利用多路径误差是否长期大于阈值、沉降序列是否发生突变,实现对北斗监测站点周围观测环境和稳定性的及时诊断,以较低的人力成本实现对北斗监测站点周围植被生长变化和土质沉陷异常变化的快速分析和诊断。

考虑资源转移的突发公共卫生事件鲁棒性调度优化

突发公共卫生事件应急救援中,资源转移对救援处置效率与成本的影响至关重要。基于这一特点,研究了在添加资源缓冲的项目计划基础上,如何通过资源转移进一步抵抗资源波动对救援计划的干扰,以最小化应急救援过程的总成本。首先界定研究问题并据此构建了包含3组决策变量的鲁棒性优化模型,根据问题的NP-hard属性和决策变量特点,设计了带有改进措施的双层嵌套禁忌搜索算法,与多重迭代算法进行对比测试,并分析了关键参数对救援项目总成本的影响。结论表明:在救援总成本优化过程中,资源缓冲成本、活动延迟成本以及资源转移成本三者之间存在权衡关系,资源缓冲基础上的资源转移可以从项目内外部同时优化资源,提高资源储备与应急救援效率。