Physical activity and exercise in children with chronic health conditions

In the last two or three decades,physical activity(PA) has gained increasing recognition as being essential for maintaining good health and improving quality of life for all ages.Children have traditionally been active in both free play and organized sports.However,there has been a recent decline in the PA levels among children for various reasons.This lifestyle change has resulted in increased obesity accompanied by a rise in diabetes and cardiovascular risk among otherwise healthy children.These lifestyle changes have been shown to be even more a problem when the child is already affected by a chronic disease.Due to medical limitations and contraindications,much care must be taken to make certain that these children are involved in the appropriate volume and intensity of exercise.The type of activity must also be given careful consideration to avoid undue risk for the child who may have problems such as poor balance,limited strength,poor vision,or cognitive disability.Further complications are either caused or exacerbated by lack of sufficient PA.The priority beyond concern for safety should be focused on ensuring the highest quality of life possible.The purpose of this review is to examine how PA can benefit children with selected chronic health conditions.

Comprehensive health condition assessment on partial sewers in a southern Chinese city based on fuzzy mathematic methods

A self-developed sewer health assessment system using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and analytical hierarchy process was applied to give a comprehensive health condition evaluation on part of the local sewers in a southern Chinese city based on the sewer video data collected by a sewer inspection closed circuit television （CCTV） robot. Aside from the overall condition evaluation, the structure, function, and stability status of the sewer were also analyzed using the method. A comprehensive index H was proposed to give the overall health condition of pipes with different defects, and Ht, Hs, and If were used to quantify the defects affecting the tightness, stability, and function of the pipe, respectively. Results show that 48% of the inspected pipes were in good condition （0〈H〈0.25）, and about 33% of the sewer pipes analyzed were categorized to be at severe or urgent condition levels （H 〉 0.5）, although most of the pipes were installed only within five years. Frequent sedimentation affects the function of the sewer, and deformation and joint damage affect the structure of the sewer.

Etched Optical Fiber Vibration Sensor to Monitor Health Condition of Beam Like Structures

Using a center etched single mode optical fiber, a simple vibration senor is designed to monitor the vibrations of a simply supported beam. The sensor has high linear response to the axial displacement of about 0.8mm with a sensitivity of 32mV/10p, m strain. The sensor is tested for periodic and suddenly released forces, and the results are found to coincide with the theoretical values. This simple design, small in size and low cost sensor may find applications in industry and civil engineering to monitor the vibrations of the beam structures and bridges.

Health Condition of Migrant Women Workers

WITH the deepening of economic reform, an increasingly large surplus labor force is transforming urban areas. They are flocking to areas such as Guangdong Province, which has attracted the highest number of rural migrant workers in the country. In the first six months of 1996, its registered migrant labor force from other provinces reached 5.4 million; in Zhongshan City alone, it numbers more than 400,000, among whom 240,000 are women.

The Relationship between Working Conditions and Adverse Health Symptoms of Employee in Solar Greenhouse

To determine the correlation between the working environment and the health status of employees in solar greenhouse, 1171 employees were surveyed. The results show the ＇Greenhouse diseases＇ are affected by many factors. Among general uncomforts, the morbidity of the bone and joint damage is the highest and closely related to labor time and age. Planting summer squash and wax gourd more easilv cause skin pruritus.

Health risk of whole body vibration in mining trucks during various operational conditions

Mining machineries are generally exposed to intensive vibrations in harsh mining environment. If vibrations are beyond the tolerable limit, the machine and its operator health will be under the risk. In this work, the vibration of a mining truck at different operational conditions are simulated and discussed. To achieve this aim, three haul roads with low, medium and poor qualities are considered based on the ISO standard. Accordingly, the vibration of a mining truck in different speeds, payload and distribution qualities of materials in the dump body are evaluated in each haul road quality using Trucksim software. The simulation results with statistical discussions indicate that the truck speed and the materials distribution quality have significant effects on the root mean square(RMS) of vertical vibrations. However, the effect of the payload is not considerable on the RMS. Moreover, the accumulation of materials on the rear side of the truck dump body is efficient on the vibrational health risk.

Identification of Health and Welfare Parameters for Rabbit Production and Definition of an Evaluation Score

The knowledge on rabbit welfare may be improved by the use of correct tools for monitoring the different aspects of rabbit industrial farming. Therefore, the aim of this study was to define parameters related to health and welfare of animals in industrial farms with intensive husbandry. Health, management, environmental and productive parameters were firstly characterized and then a protocol to assess welfare of rabbits was define. The research was conducted on 8 industrial farms from 2004 to 2007 and around 30 inspections were done in each farm. At each visit, the health conditions were established by： （1） necropsy on animals of different productive category; （2） specific laboratory investigations based on the lesions observed; （3） checking the presence of parasites in environmental faecal samples; （4） bacteriological examination of vaginal, nasal and rectal swabs of rabbit of different age. The immune conditions and the efficacy of vaccinations were measured by determining anti-Myxomatosis and anti-Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease antibodies using competitive ELISAs, and anti-Encephalitozoon cunicoli antibodies by immunocarbonassay. The environmental conditions were evaluated by measuring air temperature, relative humidity, ammonia concentration and bacterial/fungal count. Finally the productive parameters were also recorded and elaborated. All the entered values were then utilized for defining a score system to establish health and welfare conditions.

分体式空调办公建筑不同设定温度模式对健康的影响研究

在“双碳”目标背景下,地方政府再次发出办公场所夏季制冷温度设置不低于26℃的通知。为探究不同设定温度模式对健康的影响,本文以26℃为界限,对郑州市和焦作市设定温度≥26℃(实验组)和<26℃(对照组)的分体式空调办公建筑进行现场调研,测量了室内外热环境参数、受试者皮肤温度、室内空气污染物浓度,并调查了受试者的空气质量满意度和空调使用行为状况。研究发现:相比于低设定温度模式,高设定温度模式下受试者对空调的依赖程度更低、暴露的空调环境温度更高、时间更短,对偏热环境的体温调节能力更强。夏季两市办公建筑主要室内空气污染物为CO_(2)和甲醛。高设定温度模式下的室内CO_(2)和甲醛浓度以及甲醛致癌风险均显著小于低设定温度模式,而不同设定温度模式受试者的室内空气质量满意度无显著差异。长期处于低设定温度模式下,会降低人们对室内空气质量的有效感知。从健康和节能的角度出发,应继续加强“办公场所夏季制冷温度设置不低于26℃”的政策引导。研究结果可为夏季分体式空调办公建筑的节能政策推行和室内环境健康问题的解决提供理论依据。

城市轨道交通车辆智慧空调技术

智慧空调技术作为城市轨道交通车辆智能化运营的重要技术手段,主要根据车辆运行环境数据来调整空调运行模式,进而改善车内舒适度,对空调机组运行状态进行实时监测及关键零部件故障预警,实现空调机组的智能化健康管理,提升空调运营维护效率。智慧空调系统由车辆空调、车载网络及PHM(故障预测与健康管理)地面支持系统结合搭建而成,通过传感器来监控车辆空调使用环境数据,并自适应性调节空调运行状态以改善车内空气质量。在故障预测及健康管理方面,智慧空调技术通过搭建诊断模型,采集并传输空调机组运行状态数据,实现对空调机组多发性故障的及时预警,对关键零部件使用寿命进行老化预测并采取相应的健康管理措施,进而保障空调机组的安全运行。在车辆的维修维护中,智慧空调技术结合不同的诊断及预警模型数据,合理制定空调机组修程,将空调机组故障修与定时修为主的传统维修模式发展为基于安全监控和健康管理的智能化“状态修”模式。

条件必需氨基酸营养代谢与肠道健康

正常肠屏障功能的维持主要依赖于肠黏膜屏障。每天食入的氨基酸是肠黏膜的主要物质,也是合成肠道蛋白、一氧化氮和各种代谢产物的重要底物,具有维持肠道的完整性和生理功能。现就Gln、谷氨酸和精氨酸在肠道健康的营养和免疫的作用作一综述。

Optical Fiber Grating Sensor for Force Measurement of Anchor Cable

The development of the sensor suitable for measuring large load stress to the anchor cable becomes an important task in bridge construction and maintenance. Therefore, a new type of optical fiber sensor was developed in the laboratory - optical fiber grating sensor for force measurement of anchor cable （OFBFMAC）. No similar report about this kind of sensor has been found up to now in China and other countries. This sensor is proved to be an effective way of monitoring in processes of anchor cable installation, cable cutting, cable force regulation, etc, with the accurate and repeatable measuring results. Its successful application in the tie bar cable force safety monitoring for Wuhan Qingchuan bridge is a new exploration of optical fiber grating sensing technology in bridge tie bar monitoring system.

Impact of spiritual beliefs and faith-based interventions on diabetes management

Management of diabetes constitutes significant social and economic burdens worldwide.There is a shortage of empirical studies on the management of diabetes and the associated mental health issues through spiritual beliefs and faith-based interventions(FBIs).It is not also clear how spiritual beliefs and FBIs account for the effective management of diabetic conditions.This article discusses the impact of spiritual beliefs and FBIs in the management of diabetes,from relationship and efficacy studies that report outcomes from experimental procedures of related interventions.The majority of the relationship studies showed positive relationships,while efficacy studies showed a high efficacy of interventions in faith-based approaches.However,none of the studies clearly reported the mechanisms of change or modality of operation in a FBI that can serve as a model across culture and context.Possible mechanisms of change were discussed for further development of a standard faith-based model,and finally,suggestions for future research were also highlighted by the authors.

关于村级卫生人力资源配置运行中政策制约性分析——北京市M县村级卫生人力资源实地观察个案研究

在对北京市M县村级卫生人力资源进行实地观察的基础上,重点就村级卫生人力资源配置实际运行中满意度偏低、职业素质及后继者问题、相关卫生政策到村一级后有待具体实施等方面进行了政策制约性分析,并提出相关政策建议,即在农村卫生政策制定与执行方面,我国政府卫生部门的重点应当在于提高村级卫生人力资源对医疗卫生服务的利用能力,并在此制度基础上加强对农村卫生政策监管,使好的政策落到实处。

全封闭式空调长途客车车厢空气质量调查

目的了解全封闭式空调长途客车车厢空气质量状况及对旅客的健康效应。方法于2004年1月—2005年8月在夏秋季间选择运行时间分别为3、5、7h的全封闭式空调长途客车各20、20、10辆次,进行车厢空气质量监测,并对乘坐3、7h车程的旅客进行旅途期间健康效应的问卷调查。结果随着车辆运行时间的增加,车厢空气中二氧化碳浓度在各运行时间超标较为明显,3、5、7h车程超标率分别为40%(8/20),55%(11/20),100%(10/10);细菌总数、真菌总数、可吸入颗粒物浓度、风速虽未超标,但呈逐渐增加的趋势;而温度、一氧化碳、甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度均合格且未见增加;β-溶血性链球菌未检出;相对湿度略有下降但未超标。乘客在以往乘车过程中感觉车内有异味,有疲乏症状,有头晕、口干喉痛症状,有眼干的症状,有头痛、呼吸不畅的症状,有恶心、皮肤发痒症状的发生率分别为21.5%(43/200),64.5%(129/200),43%(86/200),21%(42/200),14.5%(29/200)和7%(14/200)。结论全封闭式空调长途客车车厢空气中二氧化碳浓度超标严重,部分乘客在乘车过程中出现不适感。建议尽早制定全封闭式空调长途客车空气质量标准,保护乘客的身体健康。

健康空调的研发及其对改善室内空气品质作用的分析与探讨

给出了健康空调的含义并提出了健康空调的新要求,简述了我国健康空调的研发历史及现状;针对影响室内空气品质的因素,分析了应用于健康空调的健康因素和健康技术以及对改善室内空气品质的作用;探讨了如何选择健康空调,指出了健康空调面临的挑战。

Impact of Terminal Bud Quality on the Growth of Different Growth Forms of Seedlings in Tropical Secondary Forest

Health condition and replacement time of terminal bud were selected as quality indexes of regenerated seedlings in 3 different growth forms to analyze their impact on seedling height and ground diameter. The results showed that quality of terminal bud was related to the seedling growth, the regenerated seedlings with healthy terminal buds but no replacement experienced the largest growth amount and slight damage of terminal bud or one replacement stimulated growth of ground diameter. Multiple replacements of terminal bud would reduce seedling quality and influence its growth. Exploration of the quality characters of seedlings helped to know the dynamic features of early seedling growth, and provided theoretical support for the tending operation to improve quality of natural tropical forest.

大型桥梁健康监测智能调理器的研究

首先分析了大型桥梁健康监测所用的两种数据自动化采集方式的特点,提出了基于智能调理器的总线型采集方案,文中以南京长江三桥智能调理器的设计为例,详细介绍由智能调理器构成的南京长江三桥健康监测数据自动化采集系统的方案设计、智能调理器芯片选型以及软件的编程。该智能调理器具有实时性、精度高等特点,为南京三桥健康监测的数据分析提供了有力保证。

Emergency department visits and hospital admissions in kidney transplant recipients during the COVID-19 pandemic:A hospitalbased study

BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated that the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has affected daily living and the healthcare system.No previous study has described the consequences of COVID-19 on emergency department(ED)visits and hospital admission among kidney transplant(KT)recipients.AIM To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ED visits and hospital admissions within 1 year in patients who underwent KT in Thailand.METHODS We conducted a retrospective study at a university hospital in Thailand.We reviewed the hospital records of KT patients who visited the ED during the outbreak of COVID-19(from January 2020 to December 2021).We used the previous 2 years as the control period in the analysis.We obtained baseline demographics and ED visit characteristics for each KT patient.The outcomes of interest were ED visits and ED visits leading to hospital admission within the 1^(st)year following a KT.The rate of ED visits and ED visits leading to hospital admissions between the two periods were compared using the stratified Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS A total of 263 patients were included in this study:112 during the COVID-19 period and 151 during the control period.There were 34 and 41 ED visits after KT in the COVID-19 and control periods,respectively.The rate of first ED visit at 1 year was not significantly different in the COVID-19 period,compared with the control period[hazard ratio(HR)=1.02,95%confidence interval(CI):0.54-1.92;P=0.96].The hospital admission rate was similar between periods(HR=0.92,95%CI:0.50-1.69;P=0.78).CONCLUSION ED visits and hospital admissions within the 1st year in KT recipients were not affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.Despite these findings,we believe that communication between post-KT patients and healthcare providers is essential to highlight the importance of prompt ED visits for acute health conditions,particularly in post-KT patients.

极端气候状况下空调建筑健康安全问题的研究

文章分析了极端高温、极端低温等气候条件对人体健康安全的影响,研究了空调建筑的建设与使用在最大可能地改善人类热舒适状况的同时,加剧了环境的恶化、能源的紧张。同时,文章还概述了国内外在该问题的研究上所取得的突破和不足,认为极端气候条件下空调建筑的健康安全问题的解决已迫在眉睫。

公共场所集中空调通风系统污染状况调查与评价

为调查评价公共场所集中空调通风系统污染状况 ,给卫生管理提供依据。随机抽取杭州市 10家三星级以上宾馆、大型商场超市的集中空调通风系统进行卫生调查 ,并检测其风管积尘量及积尘中细菌总数和真菌总数。集中空调通风系统的平均运行时间为 4 1个月。新风口位置正确。通风管道没有预留维修入口 ,通风管道内部从未清洗消毒 ,仅定期对过滤器 (网 )进行清洁。 90 %的集中空调通风管道系统为中度污染 ,10 %为严重污染。公共场所集中空调通风系统应加强卫生管理。