Research progress on the health status and community management service needs of mobile elderly people

The health status of the floating elderly population and the need of community management services are complex and important problems.Owing to the change of living environment and the insecure medical care,the mobile elderly people have more health and psy-chological problems compared to the rest of the elderly population.Therefore,the community should take a variety of measures to meet their needs and help them to better adapt to the new living environment,and maintain their physical and mental health.This paper aims to summarize recent studies on the physical and emotional health problems of mobile elderly people and related community management service needs.

The Role of Library and Information Science Education in the Development of Community Health Information Services for People Living with HIV/AIDS: Perspectives of Directors and Managers of Public Libraries

This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are presented from semi- structured qualitative interviews that were conducted with eleven directors and managers of local branches in the Knox County Public Library (KCPL) System that is located in the East Tennessee region in the United States. Select feedback reported by research participants is summarized in the article about strategies in LIS education that can help local public librarians and others in their efforts to become more responsive information providers to PLWHA. Research findings help better understand the issues and concerns regarding the development of digital and non-digital health information services for PLWHA in local public library institutions.

Study on the development of mental health services for the elderly in community

With the aging of the population and the change of family structure, the physical and mental health of the elderly has become the focus of attention at home and abroad. The traditional mental health service in our country is narrow and the form is single, which can not meet the needs of the elderly. This paper based on the analysis of characteristics of community, community mental health services with respect to the unique advantages of Chinese traditional psychological service mode in the maintenance of the mental health of the elderly, with a unique entry point to analyze the problems of psychological services in community elderly, puts forward a sound proposal, summed up the community mental health service is suitable to China＇s national conditions, the practical significance of the road,

Access to Supportive Health Services for People with Physical Disabilities: A Case of Health Facilities in Singida Rural District, Tanzania

Background: It is estimated that above one billion people (15%) of the world’s populations are living with disabilities. The poor and unfriendly infrastructure at health facilities is the core challenge for people with physical disabilities in accessing healthcare. This study aimed to explore at what extent the existing infrastructure and design of health facilities in Singida rural district, Tanzania supports people with physical disabilities to access healthcare. Methods: A cross sectional health facility-based assessment of all thirty-two functioning health facilities in the district was done between June and December 2020 using observational checklist and key informants’ interviews consist of measurement procedures of the architectural condition of health facilities. Observation checklist was designed based on standard of health facilities in Tanzania, national guideline for safe care standards for dispensaries, health centers and district hospital of 2014 and national guideline for water, sanitation and hygiene in healthcare facilities of 2017. Data were analyzed by SPSS-26 using descriptive statistics to obtain frequencies tables, percentage and figure. Qualitative data were analyzed by using NVivo-12 software. Results: The study revealed that there was no signage, entrance area, parking and toilets designated for people with physical disabilities in all health facilities. There was no special seat, examination table/bed and special weight scale for people with physical disabilities in all facilities. Also, the doors were not wide enough to support wheelchair user to maneuver in all health centers and dispensaries. In addition, door handles were not user friendly for wheelchair users. In fact, only the hospital and health centers had wheelchairs while 27 (96.4%) of all dispensaries had no wheelchairs. Furthermore, ramp and pathways were not available in all dispensaries. All health facilities had stairs but the challenge was most of the staircases had no floor located before the steps. Conclusion: The study revealed that the infrastructures in most healthcare facilities pose challenges to people with physical disabilities when they access healthcare services. These findings call for need of improving health facilities’ infrastructure to accommodate people with physical disabilities and this should be given a priority.

Behavioral Risk Factors for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Adults and Elderly People in the City of Ribeirão Preto—SP

Aims: to analyze the presence and simultaneity of behavioral risk factors for chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) in adults and the elderly. Methods: quantitative, cross-sectional and observational study. Healthy and unhealthy eating are classified according to the frequency of food consumption. Smoking is expressed by the percentage of smokers. Harmful alcohol consumption by the percentage of individuals who consumed alcoholic beverages at least once in the last 30 days. Classification of the level of physical inactivity required to practice at least 150 minutes of physical activity. Results: the sample constituted 719 people, 535 adults and 184 elderly. The behavioral risk factor reported by most adults 499 (93.3%) and elderly 156 (84.8%) was unhealthy eating. Frequency 72% higher of smoking, four times higher of harmful alcohol consumption and 10% higher of unhealthy food among adults when compared to the elderly. The simultaneity between risk factors was 39% greater in adults than in the elderly. Discussion: risk factors evaluated in this study are key aspects of the development of NCDs. Adults have 2.43 times the chance of presenting two risk factors and 7.73 times the chance of presenting three in relation to the elderly. Conclusion: To achieve more effective and differentiated results, knowing and directing measures to control behavioral risk factors, whether isolated or concurrent, requires specific knowledge.

The Elder Health Information Technology Framework for Geriatric Care in Rural India: A Policy Initiative

Healthcare monitoring and analysis of healthcare parameters is a reality to reduce costs and increase access to specialist and experts that holds the future for geriatric care in India. This paper proposes distinct methods towards the implementation of rural elder health information technologies (IT), which includes electronic medical records, clinical decision support, mobile medical applications, and software driven medical devices used in the diagnosis or treatment of disease for the older adult population in the villages of India. The purpose is online patient satisfaction at the microlevel (village panchayat) through methods accessible and affordable by establishing a common standard of operations at the village primary care units giving way to early disease detection and routine screening among the aged population avoiding institutionalization. The rural elder health IT framework is of great interest for all stakeholders in the field, as it benefits the investors and the consumers, adding to the technological infrastructure, thereby opening new avenues of research in health informatics, telemedicine and enhancing the scope of geriatric research, which in turn enhances the health-related quality of life for the rural older adults in the remote villages of the nation.

Seamless Healthcare System for the Elderly Based on RFID Technology

Purpose: To design a seamless healthcare system to provide the elderly in the community of Wuhan city with active, real-time and seamless health services. Method: All of the health services for the elderly in the community of Wuhan city, such as chronic disease management, first aid, and diagnosis have been systematically integrated based on the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology combined with the existing high-tech, such as nano-sensor, network, information system technology, wireless technology, Bluetooth and Area Position System (APS) positioning. Results: The system has been constructed and put into use, initially achieving seamless health services for the elderly. The majority of both the elderly and healthcare workers are satisfied with the system. Conclusion: The study initially proposes the use of RFID technology to plan and design the elderly healthcare system, and has successfully carried the system out and got positive outcomes. It provides a new direction in the relevant research fields.

Optimization Strategies of Beijing Elderly Care Service Stations Based on Questionnaire Survey Method: A Case Study of Zhanlan Road Street of Xicheng District

4 elderly care service stations in Zhanlan Road Street,Xicheng District,Beijing are selected,and questionnaires are designed and distributed to the surrounding elderly population to understand their needs and satisfaction with the station environment.By observing elderly care service stations on site,the characteristics,obstacles,and shortcomings of the environment are recorded,and relevant data are collected and analyzed,such as the characteristics of the elderly population being interviewed,the planning and design data of the station environment,and the distribution of service facilities.The overall characteristics of the spatial environment of elderly care stations are summarized,and renovation measures and optimization suggestions are provided for the current shortcomings,thereby providing some basis for the spatial design of community elderly care service stations in the future.

The correlation between socioeconomic status and health self-management in the elderly

Purpose:To determine the correlation between socioeconomic status and health selfmanagement in the elderly and to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of healthy ageing.Methods:We recruited 6173 people aged
60 years from three regions in Hebei Province using the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method.The participants were surveyed using questionnaires.Results:The health self-management behaviours of elderly people differed with the area of residence,education level,and personal monthly income.An ordered probit model showed that behaviours were better in elderly people who lived in urban areas,who were educated to college level or higher,and with higher monthly incomes(p<0.05).Conclusion:Socioeconomic status plays a decisive role in health self-management in the elderly.We suggest appropriate measures for promoting health self-management among the elderly.

Healthcare Providers' Perceptions of the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs (Including Family Planning) of Elderly Women from Selected Sites in Botswana

Much of the sexual and reproductive health services and service delivery including family planning target women of child bearing ages (15 - 49 years) and sometimes men. Hardly are there programmes/interventions that specifically target the needs of the elderly women (50 years and above), yet this group has serious sexual and reproductive health needs as many of them are still sexually active. This cross-sectional study obtained the views of a stratified random sample of 169 healthcare providers (doctors, nurses and pharmacists) from four selected sites, Gaborone, Selibe Phikwe, Barolong and Kweneng East health districts in Botswana on how the healthcare system in the selected sites is meeting the SRH/FP needs of the elderly women. The study found out that while overwhelming majority of the healthcare providers feltthat the healthcare system has no programme that specifically target the SRH/FP needs of this significant others and their SRH/FP needs are not being met ,less than 15% indicated that Pap smear screening as well as screening of cervical cancer were on-going. Although there are SRH/FP services available in the healthcare system, the elderly women are minimally accessing these services. Only condom, combined oral contraceptives, progestogen-only pills, treatment of STIs, screening for HIV/AIDS and screening for cervical cancer are accessed and information is also limited to these services. Reasons given by the healthcare providers for the non-accessibility of these services were cultural diversity (80%), people's sexual behavior and perceptions about sex (79%), lack of knowledge about the desired SRH/FP services (76%), religion (73%) and gender issues (62%). The study, advocates as part of policy options to mitigate the obstacles to accessing SRH/FP services, the expansion of counseling programmes, screening and treatment for breast cancer, public awareness campaigns, production and circulation of appropriate educational materials, effective training of healthcare providers and the establishment of separate clinic days for the elderly women' SRH/FP services.

Research on the Improvement Path of the Mental Health of the Elderly From the Perspective of College Students’Volunteer Service Activities

The elderly are the main objects of college students’volunteer service activities.At present,there are various forms of college students’volunteer service activities,which are highly valued by colleges and universities and popular among college students.In order to further improve the mental health of the elderly,it could be achieved through paths like strengthening volunteering cooperation with aged services agencies,implementing the volunteer service mechanism of“one person-one file,one person-one policy”for the elderly,establishing a mental health mentor system for volunteer service activities,improving the mental health knowledge level of college student volunteers,carrying out a series of voluntary service activities with the theme of mental health,attaching importance on cultivating the positive and optimistic attitude of the elderly in volunteer service activities,and launching volunteer service activities to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the elderly.

Cross Cultural Exploration of the Perceived Health Competence Scale

The eight-item Perceived Health Competence Scale (PHCS) is a measure of self-efficacy in general health management that is used to predict health outcomes and behaviors. The PHCS has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument but has been used in primarily white European Americans. The PHCS is positively correlated to health status and coping abilities. Younger, healthier populations score higher on the PHCS compared to elderly who are managing chronic illness. This study examined the PHCS in three Midwestern samples: African American elders which revealed two separate factors in PHCS;Native Americans who evaluated the PHCS as a single construct;and a Spanish speaking sample. In the latter sample, findings suggest health competence may be a multi-dimensional construct. Further evaluation of the Spanish version of the PHCS and population characteristics are needed to measure health competence beliefs.

Pressure Ulcers in Institutionalized Elderly People:Association of Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors

Objective: To evaluate the association of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and risk factors with occurrence of pressure ulcers in institutionalized elderly people. Method: This cross-sectional, analytical study, in quantitative approach, performed from the database analysis linked to the project “Pressure Ulcer in institutionalized elderly people: Association of incidence with the risk factors to functional and nutritional assessment” developed in six long-stay institutions for the elderly people in Jo&atildeo Pessoa. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Associations were made through chi square test and Odds Ratio. Results: The clinical conditions of significant associations with the occurrence of pressure ulcers were the variables neurological disorders (p = 0.011) and visual impairment (p = 0.005). As for risk factors, the most important was fecal incontinence (p Conclusion: The analysis of the associations pointed out problems that require intervention in order to prevent health implications of the elderly people and to minimize the risk and occurrence of this injury.

中国老年人口健康状况及其家庭照料需求预测

中国人口老龄化快速发展,失能、半失能老年人口规模迅速扩大,老年照料需求快速增加。科学预测不同失能状况老年人口规模及其照料服务需求是推动老年照护服务体系建设的重要基础。文章基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)数据,使用Markov模型测算中国分性别、分年龄段老年人口健康状况转移矩阵,运用队列要素预测法、多元回归法等预测得到2020—2035年中国不同失能状况老年人口规模及其照料服务人员需求规模、家庭照料经济成本。预测结果显示:中国失能老年人口规模呈现增长态势,从2020年的1946万人增至2035年的3424万人,失能老年人口的比例从2020年的7.4%小幅增至2035年的7.9%,且中重度失能老年人口增幅更快,2035年时轻度失能老年人口规模相比2020年增加66%,中重度失能老年人口规模相比2020年增加92%。女性失能老年人口规模增速快于男性,80岁及以上老年人口失能比例增长更快,2035年男性70~79岁、80~89岁、90+岁三个年龄组失能老年人口规模分别为2020年的1.53倍、1.92倍、1.94倍;2035年女性三个年龄组失能老年人口规模分别为2020年的1.72倍、2.29倍、2.52倍。老年家庭照料需求将呈现快速增长态势,家庭照料服务人员需求量从2020年的2795万人增至2035年的4863万人,增长74%。2020—2035年健康老年人口的照料服务人员需求量占总需求量的比例在57%左右,中重度失能老年人口需求量占比在24%左右,轻度失能老年人口需求量占比在19%左右。60~69岁老年人口所需的照料服务人员占比最高,90岁及以上年龄组对照料服务人员的需求量增长更快。老年人口家庭照料经济成本从2020年的3027亿元增至2035年的11676亿元,将增长近3倍。中重度失能老年人口所需的家庭照料现金成本相比2020年增长3.1倍,轻度失能老年人口所需的家庭照料现金成本相比2020年增长2.6倍。男性老年人口所需家庭照料现金成本低于女性老年人口,且增速也低于女性老年人口。本研究基于定量预测结果提出积极推进健康老龄化,加大促进生育的政策支持力度,尽快推广长期照护保险制度,以赋能家庭为着力点加强失能老年人口的支持体系建设,大力发展老年护理服务业,大力发展养老护理职业教育等政策建议。

“三医”联动走向健康治理的实现机制——基于三明医改的纵向案例研究

回顾中国新医改历程,以福建省三明市“三医”联动改革最为典型。基于“要素-结构-功能”系统理论分析框架,本文分析三明医改的行动策略与治理过程,进而揭示“三医”联动走向健康治理的实现机制。研究结果表明,医疗卫生体制改革需要以人民健康为中心的价值导向树立政府元治理主体权威,通过健康治理引导下的目标转型推动三医统合型联动,以“法治-数治-群治”协同的行动策略促进健康事业高质量发展。在此基础上,政府要切实承担并履行保护人民健康的责任,处理好“三医”联动的动态演进性和次序性,促成健康治理社会动员,构建健康治理合作网络。

成都肢体残疾人未满足辅助技术需求及其相关因素

目的调查成都市肢体残疾人未满足辅助技术需求,并分析其影响因素。方法2023年11月至2024年3月,对四川省“量体裁衣”服务平台登记的成都市肢体残疾人,采用世界卫生组织快速辅助技术评估问卷进行调查。结果共发放问卷558份,回收有效问卷527例。26.8%的残疾人有未满足辅助技术需求,移动辅具需求最高(66.0%)。缺少支持(54.9%)、价格昂贵(26.3%)和不了解辅助器具(20.3%)是未获得所需辅具的主要原因。丧偶(OR=3.615)、严重移动障碍(OR>2.926)、严重自我护理障碍(OR>2.781)是辅具需求未满足的风险因素(P<0.05)。结论应加大对辅具政策和辅具产品的宣传,关注不同障碍残疾人群的个性化辅具适配,增强辅具服务体系建设,以满足残疾人辅具需求。

构建优质高效的整合型卫生健康体系

建设中国特色优质高效的、以人为本的整合型卫生健康服务体系,是落实健康中国战略的重要抓手,是推动卫生健康事业高质量发展的必然要求。本文指出,以人为本的整合型卫生健康服务体系必须是以健康为中心,急慢分诊、上下联动、防治结合,公立医疗卫生机构和社会力量办医协同发展。构建以人为本的整合型卫生健康服务体系,要实现服务体系、服务理念、服务决策、医患关系、服务模式、支付机制、监管考核7个方面的转变,关键在于推动医疗卫生体系和公共卫生服务体系的强化、延伸和融合。本文强调了管理体制改革与充分利用信息化手段的重要性,并指出以人为本的整合型卫生健康服务体系的本质目的是尽力满足老百姓全方位的健康需求,建立合理有序的就医格局,最终使健康中国建设有强大的卫生健康系统做支撑。

整合型老年健康服务:理论内涵和实现路径

整合型老年健康服务是积极应对人口老龄化、实现健康老龄化的必由之路。通过梳理整合型老年健康服务的内涵和外延,剖析我国在老年健康服务发展过程中面临的挑战,提出未来老年整合照护服务发展的关键路径:完善整合型老年健康服务组织领导机制,补齐服务体系短板,推进筹资及支付方式改革,促进老年整合照护规范和标准建设,加强老年整合照护人才队伍建设等。

不同健康维度的高血压合并糖尿病老年患者社区医养结合服务需求

目的:探讨社区居家的高血压合并糖尿病老年患者健康相关生命质量与医养结合服务需求的关系。方法:采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,于2023年4月至5月抽取广州、苏州、济南、青岛等地区的1443名社区居家老年人,从中选取254例高血压合并糖尿病老年患者为研究对象。应用欧洲五维健康EQ-5D量表调查患者的健康相关生命质量,分析不同健康维度高血压合并糖尿病老年患者医养结合服务需求的差异。结果:社区居家老年患者EQ-5D健康效用值为0.674。254例老年患者中行动能力有困难的占58.3%、日常生活能力有困难的占56.3%、疼痛或不舒服的占53.5%、自我照顾能力有困难的占49.2%、焦虑或抑郁的占27.6%。行动能力有困难者在医学康复、医学护理、急救救护、临床治疗、康复训练、上门服务、助餐、助厕、助浴、助行、助急、心理关怀方面的需求高于无困难者(P<0.05);自我照顾能力有困难者在医学康复、医学护理、急救救护、康复训练、助餐、助厕、助浴、助行、助急、心理关怀方面的需求高于无困难者(P<0.05);日常活动能力有困难者在医学康复、医学护理、急救救护、康复训练、助餐、助厕、助浴、助行、助急、心理关怀、休闲娱乐方面的需求高于无困难者(P<0.05);疼痛或不舒服者在康复训练、上门服务、助厕、助浴、助行、助急方面的需求高于无疼痛或不舒服者(P<0.05)。结论:高血压合并糖尿病老年患者的健康相关生命质量较低,不同健康维度患者社区居家医养结合服务的需求不同。

面向老年友好型社会的老龄化地理学研究

在我国老龄化程度快速加深、经济社会转型和城乡空间重构的特殊时期,地理学与社会学、老年学等学科交叉的需求日益凸显,老龄化地理学正成为重要的研究领域。当前,地理学对老龄化的研究聚焦于人口老龄化的时空特征和驱动因素、人口老龄化的空间效应、老年人健康与环境的关系、老年人的空间行为、养老服务的空间组织与规划等方面,在一定程度上为应对老龄化社会的挑战提供了有力支撑。但是从老年友好型社会建设的实际需求出发,一些基础性概念仍然需要辨析,以便深入理解老年人口区别于其他人口的特征。立足于老龄化语境下人、社会与环境所构成的地域系统,从人口、健康、社会等维度重新剖析老龄化和老年人的特征,结合社会需求探讨老龄化地理学研究的未来方向。