Planning and Design of Food System in Bajiao Community of Shijingshan District of Beijing under the Background of Healthy Community

Community is basic unit of healthy urban development.As main space of people’s daily life,community carries various functional needs of food,clothing,housing and transportation.Under concept of healthy community development,planning and design of community food system are studied in this paper.A good community food chain plays a positive role in improving people’s happiness and quality of life.In this paper,ArcGIS platform is used to build“food map”network system.Taking Bajiao Community in Shijingshan District of Beijing as an example,infl uence weight,spatial distribution and accessibility of food source are studied,and optimization strategies and development suggestions for food system planning and design are fi nally put forward.

健康功能社区建设评价指标体系构建

目的 构建一套能指引健康功能社区建设并能较为客观地反映建设成效的评价指标体系。方法 通过文献回顾、小组讨论和专家会议法初步确定指标体系框架和指标池,在此基础上通过3轮专家咨询确定评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定各指标权重。结果 健康功能社区建设评价指标包括4项基本条件,健康服务、健康环境、健康人群、健康文化、组织管理5项一级指标及14项二级指标、63项三级指标。3轮咨询的专家积极系数均为100%,专家平均权威系数为0.84,协调系数分别为0.179、0.232、0.309(P < 0.05)。层次分析的一级指标权向量为0.177 ~ 0.211,最大特征值为5.000 ~ 5.218;二级指标的权向量为0.035 ~ 0.105,最大特征值为2.000 ~ 4.201;三级指标的权向量为0.003 ~ 0.105,最大特征值为1.000 ~ 14.529。判断矩阵的一致性比率均低于0.100。结论 3轮咨询的专家代表性、积极性、权威程度和协调程度较高,判断矩阵的一致性比率符合要求,构建的指标体系可为推进健康功能社区建设提供指引,今后还需结合实证研究不断予以完善。

1990年代以来健康社区研究与实践进展评述

Under the strategic concept of“Healthy China,”communities are not only basic units to compose a healthy city,but also main bodies to fulfill the goal of“health for all”and healthy city development.Since the end of the last century,healthy community research and related practice have seen rapid development in both China and abroad.This paper systematically reviews and compares the concepts,theories,and practices related to healthy community since the 1990s,and analyzes the influencing factors and their acting paths of healthy community in terms of healthy housing,healthy environment,healthy neighborhood,and health services.In the end,the paper points out the main problems in healthy community research and practice and proposes development prospects.It suggests that in the future,efforts should be made to further strengthen the interdisciplinary and cross-level collaboration for healthy community,improve the systematic study on the influencing mechanism of healthy community,enhance the exploration of the whole-process implementation mechanism,and promote the research and construction of intelligent healthy community.

基于健康营造和协作网络的台湾社区防疫行动

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus epidemic in early 2020 triggered off worldwide concerns for epidemic prevention as a coping strategy against public health crises.Facing the epidemic which has been characterized by wide spreading range and a long incubation period,communities have become the frontier in the war against it.At the same time,various problems have been exposed at the community level,including the lack of epidemic prevention planning,the high workload of community staff,and the insufficient public awareness on public health,etc.Focusing on the construction of Taiwan’s community epidemic prevention system,this paper elaborates the signifcance and necessity of the community’s participation in epidemic prevention based on a systematic literature review and policy study.It analyzes the restructuring and transition of a community epidemic prevention system and the primary strategies of community epidemic prevention planning,community health building,community health resources networking,community epidemic prevention practice,and the emergency planning in response to the novel coronavirus epidemic.It fnally summarizes the methods of building a sustainable community epidemic prevention system.

社区建成环境对慢性病影响的系统评价与荟萃分析

The identification of built environment elements in neighborhoods that have significant impacts on obesity is the basis for scientifically preventing obesity and related chronic diseases, as well as formulating and implementing spatial intervention policies. In recent years, studies on the relationship between neighborhood built environment and obesity and related behaviors have increased rapidly in China with preliminary progresses. This paper systematically reviews the empirical research on the impacts of neighborhood built environment on obesity and related behaviors which was done in China from 2011 to 2021 and selects 44 papers to extract, summarize, and quantitatively synthesize the research results by using the meta-analysis method and through the weighted Z-test. The meta-analysis shows that, according to their significance, the measured built environment elements in neighborhoods that have significant impacts on obesity and related behaviors are ranked in a descending order as accessibilitydensity of physical activity facilities, accessibility-density of bus stops/transit stations, street connectivity–crossing density, and mixed land use rate–destination amount. Meanwhile, the elements of residential density–population density, accessibility-distance to bus stops/transit stations, and accessibility-distance to physical activity facilities do not show remarkable statistic difference. This implies that community planning should highlight the measures of increasing land use for sports facilities and green spaces, improving public transport system, optimizing road network, and strengthening mixed land use to build healthy communities that can facilitate the prevention of obesity.