The mRNA Expression Profiles of Five Heat Shock Protein Genes from Frankliniella occidentalis at Different Stages and Their Responses to Temperatures and Insecticides

The westem flower thrips, Frankliniella occidental＆ （Pergande） is a highly invasive pest that is able to exploit many crops across a wide range of environmental conditions. Five full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein （HSP） genes （Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, Fo-HSP60, Fo-HSP40 and Fo-HSP28.9） were cloned from F. occidentalis, and their expression profiles were investigated under conditions of thermal stress and insecticide exposure, and at different stages during development, using real-time quantitative PCR. All five gene sequences showed high similarity to homologs in other species, indicating the conserved fimction of this gene family. HSP60 represents an informative phylogenetic marker at the ordinal taxonomic level within Insecta, but HSP90, which has two homologous copies in Hymenoptera, was not informative. The expression of Fo-HSPs under thermal stress suggests that Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, and Fo-HSP28.9 are inducible by both cold and heat stress, Fo-HSP40 is only heat-inducible, and Fo-HSP60 is thermally insensitive. There were two patterns of cold induction of Fo-HSPs： one is from 0 to 4℃ and the other is around -8℃. All five Fo-HSPs genes were induced by exposure to sublethal concentrations of the insecticide avermectin. The expression of the five Fo-HSPs during different developmental stages suggests that they all play a role in development of F. occidentalis.

Effects of temperature on the respiratory metabolism,feeding and expression of three heat shock protein genes in Anadara broughtonii

Anadara broughtonii is one of the main commercially important species of shellfish in northern China.A.broughtonii lives in relatively stable subtidal zone where the clam could respond to environmental changes with minimum energy.Therefore,slight fluctuations in water environment may have a great impact on physiological processes such as feeding and metabolism.Large-scale mortality often occurs during the intermediate rearing processes,and high temperatures in summer are considered the leading cause of mortality.To understand the physiological and molecular response patterns of A.broughtonii at high temperatures and to estimate the appropriate metabolism temperature for A.broughtonii,the effects of temperature on the respiratory metabolism and food intake at different growth stages were studied.The response patterns of heat shock protein genes to heat stress and post-stress recovery were also explored.Results show that the temperature and growth stage of A.broughtonii were two important factors affecting metabolism and feeding.The optimum temperature for feeding and physiological activities in each shell-length group was 24℃.The temperature at which the peak metabolic rate occurred in each shell-length group increased with the increase in shell length.With the increase in heat stress,the expression of three heat shock protein genes(Abhsp60,Abhsp70,and Abhsp90)in the tissues of two size groups of A.broughtonii increased significantly when temperature was above 24℃and reached a peak at 30℃.After heat shock at 30℃for 2 h,the expression of the three heat shock protein genes rapidly increased,peaked at 2 h after the heat shock,and then gradually decreased to the level of the control group at 48 h after the heat shock.The three heat shock protein genes respond rapidly to heat stress and can be used as indicators to the cellular stress response in A.broughtonii under an environmental stress.

Cloning of heat shock protein genes from the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, and the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus, and their expression in relation to thermal stress

Three heat shock protein （HSP） genes （hsp70, hsc70, hsp90） were partially cloned from the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens and the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus （Homoptera： Delphacidae）, which are serious pests of the rice plant. Sequence comparisons at the deduced amino acid level showed that the three HSPs of planthoppers were most homologous to corresponding HSPs of dipteran and lepidopteran species. Identities of both heat shock cognate 70 and HSP90 were higher than HSP70 in both species. Identity of the HSP70 between the two planthopper species was only 81%, a value much lower than seen among fly and moth groups. Effects of heat and cold shocks were demonstrated on expression of the three hsp genes in the two planthopper species. Heat shock （40 ℃） upregulated the hsp90 level but did not change the hsc70 level in either the nymph and adult stages of either species. On the other hand, the hsp70 level was only upregulated in L. striatellus. This heat shock response was prompt and lasted only for 1 h after treatment. In contrast, cold shock at 4℃ did not change the expression levels of any hsp in either species.

Expression of Foreign Gene in Mycobacterium Regulated by Human Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Heat Shock Protein 70 Promoter

The DNA fragments of 150bp length promoter 0f human Mycobacterium(M.) tuberculosis heat shock protein (hsp)7O and 650bp length foreign gene, the Schistosoma japonicum glutathione S-transferase(Sj26GST)gene,were obtained by amplification with polymerase chain reaction. And the 150p DNA sequence upstream initiation codon ATG of the human M. tuberculosis hsp7O promoter that contains the sequence TTGAG and ATCATA which consensus with E. coli promoter's -35 and-10 region respectively, as well as ribosome binding site GGAGG at position-12-8 upstream the ATG were determined by SangerDideoxyribonucleotide-mediated chain-termination method-Then, the human M. tuberculosis hsp70 promoter and Sj26GST cDNA were cloned into E. coli-mycobacteria shuttle plasmid pBCG-2000 to construct E. coli-Mycobacterium expression shuttle plasmid pBCG- Sj26 that can express Sj26GST gene.The M. smegmatis were electroporated and the positivecolonies were selected by kanamycin-The M.smegmatis containing the vector pBCG-Sj26 can be induced by heating and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to express GST. The molecular weight of the recombinant GST(rGST) was 26000. The rGST contents that were about 10 percent of the total bacterial protein were analyzed by density scanning after running SDS-PAGE. This study would provide scientific evidences for application of hsp70 promoter in expressing foreign gene in mycobacterium and development of mycobacterium as multiple-valent vectoral vaccine.

Heat shock protein genes （hsp20, hsp75 and hsp90） from Pieris rapae： Molecular cloning and transcription in response to parasitization by Pteromalus puparum

Most molecular work on the roles of heat shock proteins （hsps） in host-parasite interaction has focused on vertebrates, rather than invertebrates. Here the full length complementary DNA （cDNA） sequences of three hsp genes （hsp20, hsp75 and hsp90） were amplified from Pieris rapae, and their transcriptional responsiveness to parasitization by the endoparasitic wasp Pteromalus puparum were investigated. The cDNA sequence analysis of hsp20, hsp75 and hsp90 revealed open reading frames of 531, 2328 and 2 157 bp in length, which encode proteins with calculated molecular weights of 19.5, 75.48 and 82.7 kDa, respectively. The comparison of amino acid sequences showed that P rapae hsp20 shared highly divergent homology to that of other insects, while hsp75 and hsp90 showed high homology to their counterparts of other species. The expression analysis indicated that these three genes were influenced in response to parasitization by P. puparum. The hsp20 transcripts in parasitized pupae were higher compared to non- parasitized pupae. The expression of hsp75 and hsp90 were down-regulated following parasitization. The results indicate that hsps are involved in host-parasitoid interactions.

Real-time cell analysis and heat shock protein gene expression in the TcA Tribofium castaneum cell line in response to environmental stress conditions

The rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum （Herbst, 1797） （Coleoptera： Tenebrionidae）, is a pest of stored grain and one of the most studied insect model species. Some of the previous studies involved heat response studies in terms of survival and heat shock protein expression, which are regulated to protect other proteins against environ- mental stress conditions. In the present study, we characterize the impedance profile with the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analyzer and study the effect of increased temperature in cell growth and viability in the cell line BCIRL-TcA-CLG 1 （TcA） of T castaneum. This novel system measures cells behavior in real time and is applied for the first time to insect cells. Additionally, cells are exposed to heat shock, increased salinity, acidic pH and UV-A light with the aim of measuring the expression levels of lisp27, Hsp68a, and Hsp83 genes. Results show a high thermotolerance of TeA in terms of cell growth and viability. This result is likely related to gene expression results in which a significant up-regulation of all studied Hsp genes is observed after 1 h of exposure to 40 ~C and UV light. All 3 genes show similar expression patterns, but Hsp27 seems to be the most affected. The results of this study validate the RTCA method and reveal the utility of insect cell lines, real-time analysis and gene expression studies to better understand the physiological response of insect cells, with potential applications in different fields of biology such as conservation biology and pest management.

The polymorphism of heat shock protein 70 genes in Chinese Han population in Fujian province

To understand the polymorphism of the heat shock protein 70 （HSPTO） genes in Chinese Han population and to explore the co-relations between HSP70 polymorphism and disease, three polymorphic loci of HSP70 genes in 127 healthy Chinese Han population in Fujian province were analyzed by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis, and the genotypes and allele frequencies of HSPTO in different populations from various area were compared. It was found that the proportions of HSPTO-1 genotypes GG, GC and CC among Chinese Han population in Fujian province were 55.1%, 40.2% and 4.7% respectively, while those of HSP70-2 genotypes AA, AG and GG were 44.1%, 48.8 % and 6.9% respectively, and those of HSP70-hom genotypes TF, TC and CC were 59.8%, 37.0% and 3.2% respectively. The allele frequencies of G and C in HSP70-1 were 75.2% and 24.8% ; those of A and G in HSP70-2 were 68.5% and 31.5% and those ofT and C in HSP70-hom were 78.3% and 21.7% respectively. The distribution of the HSPTO-1 polymorphisms in Chinese Han population was almost the same as those in Japanese and Mexican populations, but it was rather different from those of American and Spanish populations with a significant differences. Meanwhile, the frequency of GG homozygote in HSPTO- 1 was signifi- cantly higher than those in American and Spanish populations. No significant difference was found in the distribution of HSPTO-2 polymorphism between Chinese and Japanese populations, in which the differences among American, Mexican and Spanish populations were quite obvious. The frequency of AA homozygote in HSPTO-2 was significantly higher than those in Mexican, American and Spanish populations, while, the distribution of HSPTO-hom genotype and allele frequency in Chinese Han population was almost just the same as those in Japanese and Mexican populations. Furthermore, it was also found that the genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the HSPTO genes in Han population of Fujian province were almost the same as those in Han population in Taiwan, but they were different in certain loci from those of Han population in Wuhan area. It is evident that the distribution of HSPTO gene polymorphisms among Chinese Han population are different from other regions in the world.

Construction, Expression and Identification of a Recombinant BCG Vaccine Encoding Human Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Heat Shock Protein 65

Heat shock protein 65 (HSP65) is one of the most important protective immunogens against the tuberculosis infection. The signal sequence of antigen 85B and the whole HSP65 DNA sequence of human Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) were amplified from BCG genome and plasmid pCMV-MTHSP65 respectively by polymerase chain reactions (PCR). These two sequences were cloned into the plasmid pBCG-2100 under the control of the promoter of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) from human M. tuberculosis, yielding the prokaryotic shuttle expression plasmid pBCG-SP-HSP65. Results of restriction endonuclease analysis, PCR detection and DNA sequencing analysis showed that the two cloned DNA sequences were consistent with those previously reported, and the direction of their inserting into the recombinant was correct and the reading frame had been maintained. The recombinants were electroporated into BCG to construct the recombinant BCG vaccine and induced by heating. The induced expression detected by SDS-PAGE showed that the content of 65 kD protein expressed in recombinant BCG was 35.69 % in total bacterial protein and 74.09 % in the cell lysate supernatants, suggesting that the recombinant HSP65 gene could express in BCG with high efficiency and the expressed proteins were mainly soluble. Western-blot showed that the secretive recombinant proteins could specifically combine with antibody against M. tuberculosis HSP65, indicating that the recombinant proteins possess the biological activity of HSP65.

Characterization of a TaJ Gene from Wheat

A novel J-domain protein gene was cloned from wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） using RT-PCR technology and named as TaJ. The J-domain protein is defined by the presence of a J-domain. The cDNA of T. aestivum gene, TaJ （GenBank accession number： DQ789026）, was 1263 bp and contained a complete open reading frame （ORF） encoding a J-domain protein of 420 amino acid residues. The predicted amino acid sequence of TaJ possesses three functionally essential domains： the Nterminal J-domain which includes the highly conserved HPD tripeptide, an adjacent domain that is rich in glycine and phenylalanine residues （G/F） and a Cysteine-rich zinc-finger domain with four repeats of CxxCxGxG that is important for protein interactions. The C-terminal of TaJ was -CAQQ, a farnesylation motif. The full-length deduced amino acid sequence of TaJ is highly homologous to J-domain proteins from various plant species. Southern blot analysis indicated that a single copy of TaJ existed in wheat genome. The expression pattern of TaJ performed by real-time PCR demonstrated that heat shock （HS） at 37℃ induced the expression of TaJ rapidly and strongly, but the response of the TaJ gene to cold stress was much slower than that to HS. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that the expression level of TaJ gene was much higher in leaves than that in roots.

The regulatory effect of memantine on expression and synthesis of heat shock protein 70 gene in neonatal rat models with cerebral hypoxic ischemia

To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of memantine, a non-competitive antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, against hypoxic ischemia (HI) by exploring its regulation on the expression and synthesis of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene in neonatal rat models with cerebral HI Methods Memantine was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 20 mg/kg in neonatal rat models either before (PRE group) or after (POST group) induction of HI The expression and synthesis of the HSP70 gene and its corresponding product were determined by rapid competitive PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively Results There was an increase in the expression of HSP70 mRNA two hours after induction of HI, which reached its peak at 48 hours, then decreased gradually The same expression occurred at relatively low levels in the control group Also, HSP70 synthesis was detected as early as 2h after HI, reached its peak between 48 and 72 hours, then declined over time After memantine administration, the expression of the gene and its synthesis of the corresponding product decreased significantly during the time intervals 24-72 h for the gene and 48-72 h for the product compared to the HI group Conclusion It was shown that HI is very sensitive to the expression of the HSP70 gene and synthesis of its corresponding product, which could be regulated by memantine The latter may have the ability to reduce brain damage; thus decreased HSP70 mRNA expression could be a marker for HI It is suggested that memantine can be a promising agent for neuroprotection against HI, although an overall and abstract assessment of memantine is required to see if it can be used on neonates clinically later on

Rapid Identification of Mycobacterium Leprae by Polymerase Chain Reaction-restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of the Heat Shock Protein 65 Gene from Skin Specimens

INTRODUCTIONLeprosy caused by Mvcobacterium leprae （M. leprae）, is a chronic granulomatous disease affecting the skin and peripheral nervous system, which is transmitted through direct contact with nontreated or inadequate treatment patients. Diagnosis of leprosy depends on the clinical signs and symptoms and slit skin smear positivity. However, it＇s sometimes similar with other granulomatous disease caused by mycobacterial infection. Early stage leprosy is difficult to diagnose by clinical criterion alone because the sensitivity of acid-fast bacilli staining is quite low. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） shows the great advantage in rapid identification and diagnosis for early cases and has a differentiation between leprosy and nonleprosy cases.

Bioinformatics analysis of microarray data to explore the key genes involved in HSF4 mutation-induced cataract

AIM： To reveal the mechanisms of heat-shock transcription factor 4 （HSF4） mutation-induced cataract.METHODS： GSE22362, including 3 HSF4-null lens and 3 wild-type lens, was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database. After data preprocessing, the differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were identified using the limma package. Based on Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery （DAVID） tool, functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the DEGs. Followed by protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed using STRING database and Cytoscape software. Furthermore, the validated microRNA （miRNA）-DEG pairs were obtained from miRWalk2.0 database, and then miRNA-DEG regulatory network was visualized by Cytoscape software. RESULTS： A total of 176 DEGs were identified in HSF4-null lens compared with wild-type lens. In the PPI network, FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene （FOS）, early growth response 1 （EGR1） and heme oxygenase （decycling） 1 （HMOX1） had higher degrees and could interact with each other. Besides, mmu-miR-15a-5p and mmu-miR-26a-5p were among the top 10 miRNAs in the miRNA-DEG regulatory network. Additionally, mmu-miR-26a-5p could target EGR1 in the regulatory network. CONCLUSION： FOS, EGR1, HMOX1, mmu-miR-26a-5p and mmu-miR-15a-5p might function in the pathogenesis of HSF4 mutation-induced cataract.

CD8 T cell response in a phase I study of therapeutic vaccination of advanced NSCLC with allogeneic tumor cells secreting endoplasmic reticulum-chaperone gp96-Ig-peptide complexes

Antigen containing, allogeneic cells secreting the genetically modified protein and peptide-chaperone gp96-Ig cross, prime and expand antigen specific CD8 T cells with therapeutic antitumor activity in mice. In a first in man phase I study, we now report the results of therapeutic vaccination of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with an established, allogeneic non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma cell line secreting gp96-Ig. Advanced NSCLC-patients stage IIIB or IV of any histological subtype were enrolled and treated with up to 36 vaccinations over the course of 18 weeks. Primary endpoint was safety, secondary endpoints tumor response and overall survival. Measurement of tumor antigen specific CD8 CTL responses is precluded by the lack of known NSCLC associated antigens. Therefore, we measured patient CD8 T cell-IFN-γ responses to allo-antigens of the vaccine cells as surrogate for tumor antigen specific CD8 CTL. In 7 of 18 treated patients tumor growth was stabilized, however none of the 18 patients had an objective tumor response by RECIST criteria. Of 15 patients evaluable for immune response, 11 responded to vaccination with more than twofold increase in CD8-IFN-γ frequency above baseline. These patients had a median survival time of 16.5 months. Four patients who had no CD8 response above base line had survival times from 2.1 to 6.7 months. Our data are consistent with the concept that generation of CD8 CTL by therapeutic vaccination may delay tumor growth and progression and mediate prolonged survival even in the absence of objective tumor responses. Further studies will be required to test this concept and promising result.

半滑舌鳎响应急性高温胁迫的生理变化和相关基因表达

夏季高温会引起半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)的应激,甚至造成死亡,是工厂化养殖的重要影响因素之一。为探究高温胁迫对半滑舌鳎肝脏氧化损伤及热应激相关基因的影响,本研究选取半滑舌鳎一个全同胞家系为实验对象,通过连续升温达到高温胁迫条件(35℃)后,分别在0、3、6、12和24 h采集肝脏组织,进行苏木精–伊红染色法(HE)和TUNEL染色并观察细胞损伤情况,测定抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量并检测应激相关基因heatshockprotein familyAmember1A(hspa1a)、heatshockprotein90betafamilymember1(hsp90b1)和dual-specificity phosphatase 1(dusp1)的表达变化。结果显示,急性高温胁迫会造成半滑舌鳎肝脏组织发生明显病理变化并出现细胞凋亡;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在高温胁迫6 h时显著高于对照组(P<0.05),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性在高温胁迫12h时显著高于对照组(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在高温胁迫0h时显著高于对照组(P<0.05),MDA含量在高温胁迫24h时显著高于对照组(P<0.05);热休克蛋白基因hspa1a和hsp90b1分别在高温胁迫0 h和3 h时显著上调表达,热应激相关基因dusp1在高温胁迫3h时显著上调表达。综上所述,急性高温胁迫下,半滑舌鳎肝脏发生氧化应激,短期内机体可调动抗氧化系统加速清除活性氧,并激活热应激相关基因表达。该研究可为解析半滑舌鳎对高温胁迫的响应机制、预防夏季高温大规模死亡的发生以及开展耐高温良种的选育等提供参考。

急性温度和盐度胁迫对罗氏沼虾热休克蛋白基因表达及抗氧化酶活性的影响

【目的】探究急性温度和盐度胁迫对罗氏沼虾热休克蛋白基因及抗氧化酶活性的影响,为实际生产中罗氏沼虾的健康养殖提供理论依据。【方法】采用双因素试验,设不同温度(20、24、28和32℃)和盐度(0.5‰、4.0‰、8.0‰和12.0‰),共16个处理组,将罗氏沼虾从初始温度(24℃)和盐度(0.5‰)环境转移至各处理组环境中进行急性胁迫,分别在胁迫24和48 h时采集罗氏沼虾鳃组织及肝胰腺组织,测定热休克蛋白70基因(HSP70)相对表达量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性。【结果】胁迫24 h时,在相同温度下,随着盐度的升高,罗氏沼虾鳃组织和肝胰腺组织HSP70基因相对表达量均整体呈先上升后下降的变化趋势;在0.5‰和4.0‰盐度下,温度为20、28和32℃时罗氏沼虾鳃组织和肝胰腺组织HSP70基因相对表达量均高于24℃,且肝胰腺组织HSP70基因相对表达量在温度为28和32℃时显著高于20℃(P<0.05,下同)。胁迫48 h后,温度为24℃时,8.0‰和12.0‰盐度下罗氏沼虾鳃组织及肝胰腺组织HSP70基因相对表达量均显著高于0.5‰与4.0‰盐度。胁迫24 h时,在相同温度下,随着盐度的升高,罗氏沼虾腮组织SOD和GPX活性均整体呈上升趋势;温度为24℃时,随着盐度升高,肝胰腺组织SOD和GPX活性均无显著变化(P>0.05),而在其他温度下出现明显变化;在相同盐度下,随着温度的升高,罗氏沼虾鳃组织SOD和肝胰腺组织GPX活性均整体呈先下降后上升的变化趋势,腮组织GPX活性和肝胰腺组织SOD活性均整体呈上升趋势。双因素方差分析结果表明,温度、盐度及其交互作用对罗氏沼虾鳃组织和肝胰腺组织HSP70基因表达与抗氧化酶(SOD和GPX)活性均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。【结论】急性温度和盐度胁迫会引起罗氏沼虾HSP70基因相对表达量升高,且温度骤升较温度骤降更能诱导HSP70基因表达。温度和盐度骤变能引起罗氏沼虾抗氧化酶活性变化,且温度对抗氧化酶活性的影响大于盐度。罗氏沼虾通过调控HSP70基因相对表达量、SOD活性及GPX活性协同调节生理机能以适应外部盐度和温度变化,增强对恶劣环境的耐受性。

转录组测序分析外源水杨酸诱导茶树热激蛋白基因的响应

水杨酸是诱导植物抗性机制中重要的信号分子,外源喷施水杨酸能够调控多种防御相关蛋白质,提升农作物的抗病能力。开展外源水杨酸诱导茶树抗性机制的研究能够挖掘抗病基因,为茶树抗病育种提供分子基础。本研究采集外源喷施水杨酸0 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的茶树叶片进行转录组测序与分析,结果表明,外源喷施水杨酸6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h时茶树叶片内差异表达基因数量分别为9 360个、3 399个、596个、115个,外源水杨酸处理后各时间点均发生差异表达的基因共604个。KEGG功能富集结果显示,处理后6 h时富集于植物激素信号转导、植物-病原菌互作、核糖体、剪接体和碳代谢通路上的差异表达基因数量分别为95个、73个、121个、94个、154个。差异表达基因中有12个热激因子基因、40个热激蛋白基因和12个WRKY家族转录因子基因上调表达。处理48 h后,无上调表达的热激因子基因,但仍有28个热激蛋白基因上调表达。病程相关蛋白基因在检测阶段均上调表达。外源水杨酸的诱导作用在处理6 h时最为明显,并且引起了大量热激蛋白的响应。本研究结果为开展外源水杨酸诱导茶树抗病机制和茶树抗病分子育种研究提供了参考。

过表达热激蛋白70促进C2C12细胞糖酵解相关基因表达

本文旨在研究热激蛋白70(70-kD heat shock proteins,Hsp70)过表达对C2C12细胞成肌成脂状态下糖酵解的影响。本文以C2C12细胞为研究材料,采用腺病毒过表达Hsp 70基因,通过荧光定量PCR技术和Western印迹技术检测糖酵解基因的表达变化。研究表明,在C2C12细胞成肌分化的过程中,Hsp 70基因与Gsk3β、Pkm、Prkag3、Pfkm和Hk-2基因表达趋势基本一致,推测Hsp70在成肌分化过程中与糖酵解途径有关。细胞过表达Hsp 70在成肌分化后期能显著上调Gsk3β、Pkm、Prkag 3和Pfkm基因的表达(P<0.05),对Hk-2基因的表达未见显著影响(P>0.05)。C2C12细胞成脂诱导过程中,Hsp 70基因与Gsk3β、Pkm、Prkag3、Pfkm和Hk-2基因表达趋势基本一致,推测Hsp70在成脂诱导过程中与糖酵解途径有关。过表达Hsp 70时,C2C12细胞成脂诱导中后期,脂滴数量明显高于对照组,Gsk3β、Pkm、Prkag 3和Pfkm基因的表达显著上调(P<0.05),Hk-2基因的表达未见显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,Hsp70在C2C12细胞成肌成脂状态下,通过促进糖原分解为6-磷酸葡萄糖,从而加强糖酵解途径,为Hsp 70基因对C2C12细胞糖酵解的功能研究提供参考。

白背飞虱Hsp70基因的克隆及其对非生物胁迫的响应

【目的】探明热休克蛋白Hsp70基因在白背飞虱适应非生物[杀虫剂、高温/低温和紫外线A(UV-A)]胁迫中的作用,为白背飞虱绿色防控提供参考。【方法】基于白背飞虱的基因组和转录组数据,克隆白背飞虱热休克蛋白Hsp70基因并对其进行鉴定,同时采用RT-qPCR测定其在杀虫剂、高温/低温和UV-A胁迫下的转录水平。【结果】克隆获得1个Hsp70基因,命名为SfHsp70-1,其全长序列为2322 bp,开放阅读框为2001 bp,编码666个氨基酸残基,分子量为72.91 kDa,理论等电点为5.11。SfHsp70-1氨基酸序列中包含3个Hsp70家族蛋白的保守结构域,且在C端具有内质网Hsp70的保守序列“HDEL”。噻虫嗪亚致死浓度表现出显著的剂量效应,LC_(10)胁迫能够诱导SfHsp70-1基因的转录水平显著升高,为对照(丙酮处理)的2.59倍;而LC_(25)胁迫对SfHsp70-1基因的转录水平无显著影响。10℃(30 min)、20℃(30,60 min)和40℃(10,30,60 min)胁迫均能诱导SfHsp70-1基因的转录水平显著提高,依次较对照(25℃)显著提高77.24%、62.00%、85.89%、138.96%、75.67%和61.10%。UV-A(300μW/cm~2)胁迫显著抑制SfHsp70-1基因的转录水平,分别较对照(照射0 min)显著降低87.85%、88.74%、91.91%、89.78%、93.04%和91.16%,且随处理时间延长其表达水平呈逐渐降低趋势。【结论】SfHsp70-1基因的过表达有助于白背飞虱对噻虫嗪和高温/低温胁迫的适应。研究结果可为进一步明确Hsp70基因在白背飞虱适应非生物胁迫中的作用奠定基础,并为制订白背飞虱绿色防控措施提供参考。

ATF6调控生殖相关基因HSPA1L表达的分子机制

目的探究内质网应激活化转录因子6(ATF6)对生殖相关基因热休克蛋白A1样蛋白(HSPA1L)表达的影响并初步阐明其调控分子机制。方法在人胚肾细胞系HEK-293T中转染ATF6过表达质粒,RT-qPCR和Western blot验证过表达效率;利用雄性ATF6敲除小鼠睾丸组织转录物组测序信息,筛选ATF6下游5个生殖相关基因;双荧光素酶报告基因实验选择启动子活性较高的下游基因并检测过表达ATF6对其启动子活性的影响;通过gene-regulation预测ATF6和下游基因启动子可能的结合位点;RT-qPCR和Western blot检测在HEK-293T细胞中过表达ATF6对于下游基因表达的影响;利用凝胶迁移实验(EMSA)确定ATF6与下游基因启动子是否结合。结果转染后HEK-293T细胞中ATF6的mRNA(P<0.001)和蛋白(P<0.05)表达水平明显升高。转录物组测序及双荧光素酶报告基因实验筛选出ATF6下游的生殖相关基因HSPA1L。ATF6能够促进HSPA1L的截短启动子活性(P<0.001)。过表达ATF6后,HSPA1L的表达量明显升高(P<0.001)。差异均有统计学意义。ATF6蛋白能与HSPA1L的启动子DNA序列aagtcgtcac相结合。结论内质网应激的关键分子ATF6通过结合生殖相关基因HSPA1L的启动子调控后者表达水平,这将为预防或治疗与内质网应激(ERS)有关的男性不育的深入研究奠定基础。

温度波动对大刺鳅抗氧化指标和热休克蛋白基因表达的影响

【目的】研究温度突变条件下鱼类的应激反应情况。【方法】本实验以大刺鳅(Mastacembelus armatus)为材料,分析温度波动(初始温度组:28℃→低温保持组:20℃→恢复温度组:28℃)对其抗氧化指标和热休克蛋白基因表达的影响。【结果】大刺鳅肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力在温度波动过程中呈下降趋势,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力在温度波动过程中显著降低(P<0.05),而总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)在低温保持组出现一定的升高,但各温度组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。丙二醛(MDA)含量在低温保持组显著升高(P<0.05),而在恢复温度组达到与初始相当的水平。相比于初始温度组,大刺鳅鳃组织中hsp60的表达量在低温保持组显著降低,而在恢复温度组显著升高;脑组织中hsp60的表达量则在低温保持组显著上升(P<0.05)。鳃组织中hsc70的表达量在低温保持组呈下降趋势,且与其他两组相比有显著性差异,但在脑组织中恢复温度组hsc70的表达量与低温保持组相比显著降低(P<0.05)。鳃和脑组织中hsp70的表达量在低温保持组显著下降,在恢复温度组显著升高(P<0.05)。鳃和脑组织中hsp90的表达量在低温保持组和恢复温度组均显著升高,均与初始温度组存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。【结论】实验表明水体温度急剧波动会导致大刺鳅产生氧化应激反应,同时对其体内不同组织热休克蛋白基因的表达产生影响。【意义】本研究结果可为大刺鳅的仿生态驯化、健康养殖、环境调控和增殖养护提供一定的数据支持和理论依据。