Prognosis value of heat-shock proteins in esophageal and esophagogastric cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins(HSPs)are molecular chaperones that play an important role in cellular protection against stress events and have been reported to be overex-pressed in many cancers.The prognostic significance of HSPs and their regulatory factors,such as heat shock factor 1(HSF1)and CHIP,are poorly understood.AIM To investigate the relationship between HSP expression and prognosis in esophageal and esophagogastric cancer.METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA recommend-ations(PROSPERO:CRD42022370653),on Embase,PubMed,Cochrane,and LILACS.Cohort,case-control,and cross-sectional studies of patients with eso-phagus or esophagogastric cancer were included.HSP-positive patients were compared with HSP-negative,and the endpoints analyzed were lymph node metastasis,tumor depth,distant metastasis,and overall survival(OS).HSPs were stratified according to the HSP family,and the summary risk difference(RD)was calculated using a random-effect model.RESULTS The final selection comprised 27 studies,including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(21),esophagogastric adenocarcinoma(5),and mixed neoplasms(1).The pooled sample size was 3465 patients.HSP40 and 60 were associated with a higher 3-year OS[HSP40:RD=0.22;95%confidence interval(CI):0.09-0.35;HSP60:RD=0.33;95%CI:0.17-0.50],while HSF1 was associated with a poor 3-year OS(RD=-0.22;95%CI:-0.32 to-0.12).The other HSP families were not associated with long-term survival.HSF1 was associated with a higher probability of lymph node metastasis(RD=-0.16;95%CI:-0.29 to-0.04).HSP40 was associated with a lower probability of lymph node dissemination(RD=0.18;95%CI:0.03-0.33).The expression of other HSP families was not significantly related to tumor depth and lymph node or distant metastasis.CONCLUSION The expression levels of certain families of HSP,such as HSP40 and 60 and HSF1,are associated with long-term survival and lymph node dissemination in patients with esophageal and esophagogastric cancer.

Heat shock and other apoptosis-related proteins as therapeutic targets in prostate cancer

Defects within apoptotic pathways have been implicated in prostate cancer （PCa） tumorigenesis, metastatic progression and treatment resistance. A hallmark of cancers is the ability to derail apoptosis by inhibiting the apoptotic signal, reducing the expression of apoptotic proteins and/or amplifying survival signals through increased production of antiapoptotic molecule. This review describes associations between heat shock proteins （HSPs） and the human androgen receptor （AR）, the role of HSPs and other stress-induced proteins in PCa development and emerging strategies in targeting these protective proteins to treat PCa.

Hepatitis C virus inhibitor synergism suggests multistepinteractions between heat-shock protein 90 and hepatitis Cvirus replication

AIM: To address the effect of heat-shock protein 90(HSP90) inhibitors on the release of the hepatitis C virus(HCV), a cell culture-derived HCV(JFH1/HCVcc) from Huh-7 cells was examined.METHODS: We quantified both the intracellular and extracellular(culture medium) levels of the components(RNA and core) of JFH-1/HCVcc. The intracellular HCV RNA and core levels were determined after the JFH1/HCVcc-infected Huh-7 cells were treated with radicicol for 36 h. The extracellular HCV RNA and core protein levels were determined from the medium of the last 24 h of radicicol treatment. To determine the possible role of the HSP90 inhibitor in HCV release, we examined the effect of a combined application of low doses of the HSP90 inhibitor radicicol and the RNA replication inhibitors cyclosporin A(Cs A) or interferon. Finally, we statistically examined the combined effect of radicicoland Cs A using the combination index(CI) and graphical representation proposed by Chou and Talalay.RESULTS: We found that the HSP90 inhibitors had greater inhibitory effects on the HCV RNA and core protein levels measured in the medium than inside the cells. This inhibitory effect was observed in the presence of a low level of a known RNA replication inhibitor(Cs A or interferon-α). Treating the cells with a combination of radicicol and cyclosporin A for 24 h resulted in significant synergy(CI < 1) that affected the release of both the viral RNA and the core protein. CONCLUSION: In addition to having an inhibitory effect on RNA replication, HSP90 inhibitors may interfere with an HCV replication step that occurs after the synthesis of viral RNA, such as assembly and release.

Cryopreservation-induced decrease in heat-shock protein 90 in human spermatozoa and its mechanism

<abstract>Aim: To study the protein changes of spermatozoa associated with sperm motility during sperm cryopreservation and its mechanism. Methods: In 18 healthy men, the seminal sperm motility and HSP90 levels were studied before and after cryopreservation using SDS-PAGE, Western blotting and computerized image analysis. Results: The sperm motility declined significantly after cryopreservation (P<0.01). The average grey level and the integrated grey level of sperm HSP90 before cooling were 34.1±3.2 and 243.0±21.6, respectively, while those after thawing were 23.2±2.5 and 105.7±28.5, respectively. Both parameters were decreased significantly (P<0.01). No HSP90 was found in the seminal plasma before and after cryopreservation. Conclusion: HSP90 in human spermatozoa was decreased substantially after cryopreservation. This may result from protein degradation, rather than leakage into the seminal plasma.

Heat shock protein 72 normothermic ischemia,and the impact of congested portal blood reperfusion on rat liver

INTRODUCTIONFrom the technical aspect of liver surgery ,control of bleeding during hepatic parenchymal resection is one of the most important procedures in hepatectomy .Pringle,s maneuver ,a temporary cross-clamping of the hepatoduodnal ligament ,has often been used for this purpose[1],This is the simplest and userul technique to reduce intraoperative blood loss .

Altered expression of nuclear matrix proteins in etoposide induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells

The events of cell death and the expression of nuclear matrix protein (NMP) have been investigated in a promyelocytic leukemic cell line HL-60 induced with etoposide. By means of TUNEL assay, the nuclei displayed a characteristic morphology change, and the amount of apoptotic cells increased early and reached maximun about 39% after treatment with etoposide for 2 h. Nucleosomal DNA fragmentation was observed after treatment for 4 h. The morphological change of HL-60 cells, thus, occurred earlier than the appearance of DNA ladder. Total nuclear matrix proteins were analyzed by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Differential expression of 59 nuclear matrix proteins was found in 4 h etoposide treated cells. Western blotting was then performed on three nuclear matrix acssociated proteins, PML, HSC70 and NuMA. The expression of the suppressor PML protein and heat shock protein HSC70 were significantly upregulated after etoposide treatment, while NuMA, a nuclear mitotic apparatus protein, was down regulated. These results demonstrate that significant biochemical alterations in nuclear matrix proteins take place during the apoptotic process.

Effects of moxibustion on heat-shock protein 70 expression in the spinal cord and colonic mucosa in a rat model of ulcerative colitis

Pathological changes in the colon are closely associated with the spinal cord, and innervation of spinal cord can regulate cellular functions. Our previous studies verified that moxibustion protects and restores the colonic mucosa, but the mechanisms of action remain unknown. The present study observed the effects of moxibustion and salicylazosulfapyridine on expression of heat-shock protein 70 （HSP70） and its mRNA in the spinal cord and colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis rats. Results demonstrated that moxibustion and salicylazosulfapyridine increased HSP70 mRNA expression in the spinal cord and colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis rats. The decreased transcriptional activity of HSP70 in the spinal cord and colonic mucosa might participate in damage to the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis rats. Moxibustion exerted protective effects on colonic mucosa by up-regulating HSP70 transcriptional activity in the spinal cord and colonic mucosa.

基于gE蛋白的羊伪狂犬病病毒间接ELISA的建立与应用

为建立羊源伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)抗体的检测方法,从PRV中对gE基因进行克隆,并构建重组载体对gE蛋白进行原核表达,以重组gE蛋白为包被抗原,建立PRV抗体间接ELISA检测方法,并进行临床样本检测。结果显示,重组gE蛋白大小为42 ku,以包涵体形式表达;Western blot检测表明重组蛋白具有良好的反应原性;重组蛋白作为包被抗原的最佳工作浓度为1μg/mL,待检血清100倍稀释,以HRP标记的兔抗山羊IgG 10000倍稀释作为二抗;检测临床样本时判定阴阳性的临界值为0.284;灵敏性试验结果显示,羊PRV阳性血清稀释2048倍时检测结果仍为阳性;批内变异系数(2.45%~5.00%)与批间变异系数(2.55%~7.41%)均小于10%;采用建立的方法检测其他常见羊源病毒阳性血清结果均为阴性;对收集的376份临床羊血清进行检测,PRV阳性率为10.6%。建立的间接ELISA检测方法可用于羊源样本中伪狂犬病病毒抗体的检测,该方法的建立为羊场PRV抗体检测提供了技术支持。

Advances in Research and Application of gE Gene/Protein in Prevention and Control of Swine Pseudora-bies

Research and application progresses of gE gene and its encoding gE protein in PR vaccines, diagnostic technique and epidemiological investigation are summarized, which have certain reference value for comprehensive prevention and control of PR and gradual purification of PR in different regions.

猪伪狂犬病病毒gE蛋白在野毒诊断中的应用进展

猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)gE基因缺失弱毒疫苗在中国的大规模免疫应用,对预防和控制猪伪狂犬病(pseudorabies,PR)起到了重要作用,同时亟需建立与gE基因缺失弱毒疫苗配套的鉴别诊断技术,淘汰净化野毒感染猪,减少免疫猪被误杀的可能,逐步实现PRV的净化。随着分子生物学与免疫学技术的日臻进步,基于PRV gE蛋白的分子生物学和血清学诊断方法不断发展与完善。文章就近年来基于gE蛋白的各种分子生物学和血清学诊断方法的最新研究现状及发展前景进行综述,以期为中国PRV的诊断与防控提供科学依据。

伪狂犬病病毒gE基因的表达及gE蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

以猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)Min-A株pMD-gE质粒为模板,利用所合成的特异性引物进行PCR扩增,获得了1 000 bp的DNA片段,并将其克隆至表达载体pET-30a中,转化到大肠杆菌中进行了原核表达,对表达产物进行了抗原性分析;在此基础上,用纯化的gE蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,筛选和鉴定了分泌抗gE蛋白单抗的杂交瘤细胞株。结果显示,原核表达的gE蛋白具有良好的抗原性,其分子质量为46 ku。筛选获得3株分泌抗gE蛋白单抗的杂交瘤细胞株,Western-blot和间接免疫荧光试验证实,所获得的3株单抗具有良好的特异免疫反应原性。3株单抗均为IgG1亚类,且轻链均为κ链。

猪伪狂犬病病毒HeN1株gE蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及其抗原表位的鉴定

为制备抗猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)糖蛋白E(gE)的单克隆抗体(MAb)并鉴定其抗原表位,本研究以原核系统表达PRV HeN1株截短的gE(aa127~aa232)蛋白(rgE),并对表达的rgE进行纯化免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)进行融合,以该病毒感染的Vero E6细胞及真核表达的gE蛋白为检测抗原,采用IFA检测方法筛选杂交瘤细胞系,获得一株稳定分泌抗PRV gE的MAb杂交瘤细胞系(mgE185)。该MAb亚型鉴定为Ig G1型,轻链为Κ链。该MAb不具有中和病毒的活性,其细胞培养上清及腹水IFA效价分别为1∶80和1∶2 560。Western blot试验显示mgE185可以特异性识别gE蛋白,表明其针对的抗原表位为线性表位。通过截短表达gE蛋白鉴定该MAb的抗原识别序列为^(151)IGDYL^(155),该抗原表位在PRV中高度保守。本研究制备的MAb为进一步建立特异性强、灵敏度高的PRV gE-ELISA检测方法奠定了基础。

猪伪狂犬病毒Guizhou-DY株gE基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

为了研究伪狂犬病毒gE蛋白的结构及其在免疫保护中的功能,试验根据GenBank中猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)GDSH株(登录号为EF552427)gE全基因序列设计引物,对伪狂犬病病毒gE基因进行PCR扩增、克隆及生物信息学分析。结果表明:PCR扩增基因全长1 734 bp,编码577个氨基酸,与Yangsan株对应序列同源性为99.4%,测序结果已提交GenBank,登录号为JX417716;Guizhou-DY株gE蛋白是一种不稳定的疏水性蛋白,柔性区域呈散在性分布,以T转角和无规则卷曲为主,具有2个疏水区,在100～400位氨基酸残基处抗原性指标较高,基因序列保守性强;经预测,gE全基因不能在大肠杆菌表达系统中得到高效表达。

猪伪狂犬病病毒gE蛋白间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立

以原核表达的猪伪狂犬病毒gE蛋白为包被抗原,建立间接ELISA方法并进行相应优化,研制出了猪伪狂犬病毒间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒,并与国内市场标杆产品进行比较,发现阳性符合率为88.03%,阴性符合率为91.47%,总体符合率达到89.84%。同时,该试剂盒批间、批内变异系数均小于10%,具有较好的重复性。该检测试剂盒的研制,可为猪场猪伪狂犬病毒野毒感染的检测提供技术支撑。

猪伪狂犬病病毒gE蛋白的真核表达及其活性鉴定

为制备猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)gE重组蛋白并评估其抗原活性,将优化的PRV gE基因胞外区插入真核表达载体pCMV并在其C端加入Hexa-His标签,构建真核表达质粒pCMV-gE;将重组质粒转染HEK293F细胞,Dot blot鉴定转染细胞中gE重组蛋白的分泌表达;利用镍亲和层析和凝胶过滤层析从转染细胞培养上清中纯化gE表达蛋白;以SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定gE重组蛋白,利用PRV阳性血清以ELISA分析gE重组蛋白的抗原活性,通过去糖基化酶PNGase F鉴定其糖基化修饰及其对抗原活性的影响。Dot blot结果显示,gE重组蛋白通过自身信号肽实现在细胞培养上清的分泌表达,其表达量在转染96 h达到峰值。SDS-PAGE和Western blot结果显示,从细胞培养上清中纯化获得gE重组蛋白纯度约为90%,经去糖基化酶PNGase F处理的gE重组蛋白分子质量显著降低。间接ELISA结果显示,gE重组蛋白检测PRV阳性血清的抗体效价为1∶12800;PRV阳性血清对gE蛋白的检出限为31.25 ng/mL,其抗原活性是原核表达的4倍。对临床血清的检测结果显示,基于gE重组蛋白的ELISA与IDEXX抗体检测试剂盒的符合率为96.5%。综上,在真核细胞中分泌表达了具有高表达量、高纯度、高活性和糖基化修饰的gE重组蛋白,在PRV感染鉴别检测中具有良好的应用潜力。

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gE基因的克隆与表达

为了克隆表达牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gE因,根据牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(infectious Bovine rhinotraeheitis virus,IBRV)全基因组序列设计合成gE因的特异性引物,采用PCR方法扩增gE基因,并将其克隆至pGEM-T3载体。然后对携带gE因的质粒进行双酶切处理,连接到经相同酶切处理的原核表达载体pET-32a,进而转化宿主菌BL21(DE3),通过获得阳性菌落进行IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE对蛋白表达及纯化情况进行分析。SDSPAGE电泳结果显示,表达产物融合蛋白大小约为87kD,与预测值相符。利用Ni层析柱纯化重组蛋白,Western-blot和ELISA鉴定纯化的重组蛋白浓度为0.4mg/mL(0.123A)。在大肠杆菌中成功表达了pET-32a-gE融合蛋白,纯化后通过免疫印迹分析具有良好的免疫原性。

传染性鼻气管炎病毒gE基因的表达与免疫原性

[目的]对牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)gE基因表位进行原核表达,并对表达产物进行免疫原性鉴定。[方法]利用PCR扩增出gE基因2段表位(gE-A、gE-B),并构建原核表达重组质粒pET-32a-gE。将其转化BL21(DE3)表达菌中,IPTG诱导表达。表达的gE重组蛋白经亲和层析纯化后,进行Westernblot分析。[结果]重组表达质粒pET-32a-gE经过PCR、双酶切及测序证明成功构建重组质粒。SDS-PAGE结果表明,gE蛋白在大肠埃希菌中高效表达,表达的重组蛋白相对分子量约52ku,与预期蛋白分子量一致。纯化后的gE重组蛋白浓度为0.254mg/mL。免疫印迹结果表明,纯化后的gE重组蛋白能与IBR标准阳性血清发生特异性反应,说明其免疫原性良好。[结论]成功表达了gE基因表位蛋白,该蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,可作为检测IBRV的gE抗体的候选抗原。

伪狂犬病病毒变异株gE蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为制备伪狂犬病病毒变异株gE蛋白的单克隆抗体,PCR扩增伪狂犬病病毒gE蛋白主要抗原表位区的基因片段,并将其克隆至原核表达载体p Cold-TF。经1 mmol/L IPTG低温诱导,表达了约90 k Da的gE融合蛋白。融合蛋白用镍离子金属亲和层析柱纯化后,免疫6周龄BALB/c雌性小鼠,经细胞融合和筛选,获得了2株稳定分泌抗gE蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞(5B2和6E6)。间接免疫荧光试验(indirect immunofl uorescence assay,IFA)显示2株单克隆抗体均能与PRV变异株(JS-2012)反应,但与gE缺失的疫苗毒Bartha-K61株无反应。Western blot结果显示5B2和6E6与gE蛋白不反应,提示2株单克隆抗体针对的可能是gE蛋白的构象表位。本研究获得的gE蛋白单克隆抗体为伪狂犬病病毒变异株的鉴定与功能研究以及野毒株和疫苗株的鉴别诊断提供了良好的工具。

猪伪狂犬病毒gE蛋白的酵母表达及其单克隆抗体的筛选

为获得具有生物学活性的猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)gE蛋白及其特异性单克隆抗体,利用电转技术将pPICZαA-gE重组质粒转入毕赤酵母X-33并筛选出阳性克隆,通过SDS-PAGE、Western blot鉴定筛选出PRV gE蛋白表达菌株。通过诱导表达获得gE分泌蛋白,并利用Ni柱进行纯化,应用Western blot、Dot blot、ELISA方法对纯化蛋白进行活性鉴定。同时将纯化蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,细胞融合后通过免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验(IPMA)筛选单克隆抗体,并对单克隆抗体进行了反应性测定、效价测定及亚型鉴定。结果显示,PRV gE蛋白在毕赤酵母中成功表达,并获得了纯化蛋白,纯度达90%以上,且具有良好的生物学活性,与PRV阳性血清反应性良好;筛选到4株敏感性强、特异性良好的gE单克隆抗体,均可同时特异识别PRV gE蛋白及病毒,分别命名为2F10、4C10、9E1、10C3。综上,用酵母系统成功表达了PRV gE蛋白,并筛选到4株针对PRV gE蛋白的单克隆抗体。

猪伪狂犬病病毒gE蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及胶体金免疫层析检测方法的建立

为了建立一种简单、快速检测猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)野毒株的方法,试验原核表达gE蛋白,鉴定并纯化后免疫Balb/c小鼠,采集免疫Balb/c小鼠的脾脏进行细胞融合,筛选单克隆杂交瘤细胞株扩大培养。将阳性杂交瘤细胞免疫Balb/c雌性小鼠,小鼠腹部明显膨大后采集腹水,利用间接ELISA方法测定抗体效价;采用秋水仙素法对筛选到的阳性杂交瘤细胞进行染色体数目测定;利用SBAClonotyping^(TM)System/HRP亚类鉴定试剂盒鉴定单克隆抗体亚类;利用Western-blot方法鉴定单克隆抗体活性;利用得到的单克隆抗体制备胶体金免疫层析试纸条,考察胶体金免疫层析试纸条的特异性、敏感性、重复性,进行符合性试验、临床应用试验。结果表明:获得了以包涵体形式表达的重组gE蛋白,Western-blot检测具有良好的免疫学活性;以重组gE蛋白为免疫原制备了3株抗PRV gE蛋白单克隆抗体4C8、5D10、6E8,其注射小鼠后产生的腹水抗体效价分别为1∶512 000、1∶1 024 000、1∶512 000,Western-blot检测均具有良好的免疫学活性;杂交瘤细胞4C8、5D10、6E8的染色体数分别为1×10^(5)、1×10^(6)、1×10^(6),均接近脾细胞和骨髓瘤细胞染色体数的总和。分别以5D10和6E8为标记抗体和检测抗体,组装了检测PRV野毒株的胶体金免疫层析试纸条,用试纸条检测PRV疫苗株、PPV、PCV-2、CSFV、PRRSV、TGEV的结果均为阴性,对PRV野毒株的最低检出量为1×10^(2.83) TCID_(50),批内和批间重复检测的结果完全相同,与PCR方法的符合率达92.59%,检测157份临床病料样品的阳性率为17.83%。说明胶体金免疫层析试纸条具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性,适合基层养殖单位进行PRV野毒的快速鉴别诊断。