Density and Fertilization Optimization for Highyielding Cultivation of a Wheat Variety Heibaoshi 1

The growth period, population tiller dynamics, plant characters, paniclegrain structure, yielding ability and stress resistance of a wheat variety Heibaoshi 1 were studied using a two-factor split plot design to investigate the effects of different density and fertilizer levels on individual development and yield of Heibaoshi 1 in riparian region of Jiangsu Province. In addition, high-yielding agronomic measures were explored through multiple non-linear regression analysis. The results showed that low density was not conducive to the formation of panicles, while high density affected grain number per panicle; low fertilizer level restricted individual development, while high fertilizer level affected grain number per panicle and grain weight and was prone to leading to lodging. Reasonable combination of density and fertilizer could coordinate individual development and balance panicle, grain and weight, thus achieving a high yield. The yield potential was highest （7 384.3 kg/hm2） under density of 239.6×104 basic seedlings/hm2 and N level of 237.7 kg/hm2. When the planting density ranged from 200×104 to 270×104 basic seedlings/hm2 and the N level ranged from 220 to 260 kg/hm2 or the density basic seedling number ranged from 210×104/hm2 to 260×104/hm2 and the N level ranged from 210 to 270 kg/hm2, the yield could exceed 7 200 kg/hm2.

黑宝石1号小麦高产栽培密肥技术优化

[目的]对黑宝石1号高产栽培密肥技术进行研究。[方法]采用种植密度、肥料二因素不同处理水平裂区设计试验,对黑宝石1号在不同种植密度和施肥水平条件下,其生育期、群个体茎蘖动态、植株性状、穗粒结构及其丰产性和抗逆性进行了研究,探明黑宝石1号在江苏沿江地区种植不同密度、施肥水平对其群个体发育和产量的影响,并通过多元非线性回归分析,寻求高产技术农艺措施。[结果]种植密度过低不利于形成足穗,种植密度过高又会影响每穗实粒数,肥料过少会制约群个体发育,肥料过多又会影响每穗粒数和粒重,且容易造成倒伏。合理的密肥组合可使群个体间协调发展,平衡穗、粒、重三者关系,获得较高的产量。在基本苗239.6万/hm^2、施N量237.7 kg/hm^2时,具有最大产量潜力7 384.3 kg/hm^2。产量>7 200 kg/hm^2的密肥合理区间为基本苗200万~270万/hm^2、施N量220~260 kg/hm^2或者基本苗210万~260万/hm^2、施N量210~270 kg/hm^2。[结论]该研究可为制订黑宝石1号高产栽培技术措施提供理论依据。