Control Effect and Cost Evaluation of Different Sex Pheromones and Trapping Lamps against Spodoptern litura,Helicoverpa assulta and Helicoverpa armigera in Tobacco

[ Objective] The aim was to study the control effect of different sex pheromones and trapping lamps against main pests in tobacco. [ Method] Control effect of sex pheromone of different matrix lures and Jiaduo trapping lamp against Spodoptern litura, Helicoverpa assulta and Helicoverpa armigera in tobacco in Teng- chong of Yunnan were determined and compared, and the control cast was evaluated. [Result] The use of insect sex pheromones and insecticidal light traps had certain effect against S. litura and H. armiger. The trapping effect of sex pheromone traps was better than that of Jiaduo trapping lamp, and the PVC matrix lure had better performance than rubber matrix lure, which had strongest capturing capacity, continuous control effect and significant effort against S. litura. The traps with different settled densities and hanging heights also had different trapping effect against S. litura and H. armiger, and the hanging height of 100 - 150 cm from ground was the best; as the cost was considered, the cast of the area with low density of traps was the lowest, which was reduced by over 44% than conventional chemical control area. [ Conclusion] It is safe and effective to use sex pheromone and insecticidal light traps to control S. litura and H. armigera, and it is a green environmental protection biological physical control technology, having extended application prospect in large area.

用性信息素诱剂防治烟青虫的效果

本文研究了两个烟青虫性信息素诱剂配方对烟青虫Helicoverpaassulta (Guen e)成虫的诱杀效果及诱杀成虫后田间烟青虫幼虫的虫口减退率和有虫株减退率。 1型诱芯配比为Z9 1 6 :Ald与Z1 1 1 6 :Ald 1 0 0∶9 5 ;Ⅱ型诱芯配比为 1 6 :Ald和Z9 1 6 :Ald与Z1 1 1 6 :Ald( 1 9 3∶1 0 0∶70 )。结果表明 :烟青虫性信息素诱剂Ⅰ ,Ⅱ型诱芯对烟青虫成虫都有很强的诱杀效果 ,在长达 85d的时间内 ,5个Ⅰ型诱芯共诱杀了4 0 4头雄性成虫 ,5个Ⅱ型诱芯共诱杀 4 1 9头 ,二者没有明显的差异。诱蛾地烟青虫幼虫的虫口密度和有虫株率都有明显的降低 ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ型诱芯使虫口密度和有虫株率的降低幅度均在 6 6 6 7%～ 90 91 %之间。性信息素诱剂使用方便、无毒、不污染环境 ,对烟叶不产生药害 ,防治效果良好 ,具有良好的应用前景。

利用性诱剂防治梨小食心虫的研究试验

采用性诱剂对梨小食心虫进行防治研究,结果表明,梨小食心虫在晋中地区1年发生4代,可在成虫高峰期进行化学防治;15个/hm2诱盆用于梨小食心虫大量诱捕试验中,可在72d内平均每盆诱虫900头;1050,750个/hm2诱芯的迷向处理迷向率极显著,迷向率分别为97.43%和81.83%,防治效果为74.72%和56.43%。并对梨小食心虫性诱剂的应用提出了几点建议。

大面积应用性信息素诱捕甘蓝斜纹夜蛾及田间控害效果

2006年应用性信息素大量诱捕法对秋甘蓝斜纹夜蛾开展了大面积诱杀试验,并就配套应用技术及其田间控害效果进行了评估。性信息素防治区内,在外围、中围和内围以及上风口、下风口等不同点位上的斜纹夜蛾雄成虫的单瓶诱集量差异明显,上风口的诱集量大于下风口,且增加幅度从外围往中心依次递减;在不同点位上的斜纹夜蛾雄成虫的诱集量差异跟田间虫口发生量呈正相关,虫口密度越大,外围成虫诱集量比中内围的增幅也越大。性信息素防治区在减少药剂防治2次的情况下,斜纹夜蛾落卵量比化防区和空白对照区分别减少27.5%和65.3%,田间累计幼虫发生量分别下降70.9%和94.3%。本试验结果表明,性信息素大面积诱捕能有效控制甘蓝斜纹夜蛾的危害,可为蔬菜的可持续生产提供技术支持。

Female moths of cotton bollworm （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae） captured by waterbasin traps baited with synthetic female sex pheromone

Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera （Hüibner） （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae）, is one of the most important pest insects in cotton fields in China. Female moths were captured by waterbasin traps with a synthetic female sex pheromone blend in cotton fields over three years. The blend contained （Z）-11-hexadecenal and （Z）-9-hexadecenal with a ratio of 97：3. Each pheromone dispenser was impregnated with 2.0 mg of pheromone blend and 0.2 mg of antioxidant dissolved with 0.1 mL of hexane, and there was a control dispenser with a similar amount of antioxidant and solvent only. Waterbasin traps were deployed in three configurations in the fields. ‘A＇ was pheromone traps only, ‘B＇ was both pheromone and control traps, ‘C＇ was control traps only. （i） In four plots of ‘A＇, the average weekly female catch was 1.5, and more females were captured by centrally located pheromone traps. （ii） In three plots of‘B＇, control traps also captured female as well as male moths, but average weekly female catches of control traps was significantly lower than that in pheromone-baited traps. （iii） There were significant linear relationships between the average weekly female catch and the corresponding layer in pheromone-baited traps in both ‘A＇ and ‘B＇ plots, and in quadratic equations in control in ‘B＇ plots. （iv） With the increase of the interval of traps, average weekly female catches per trap increased but average weekly female catches per hectare decreased. （v） Among the female moths captured by pheromone traps, 88.3% were mated female moths which each containing 1.46 spermatophores, while in control traps 86.9% of the mated female moths had 0.90 spermatophores. There was a significant difference between the average numbers of spermatophores of mated females in pheromone traps and in controls.

几种性信息素对小菜蛾的诱集效果及田间防效

4种小菜蛾性信息素的田间诱蛾效果和对小菜蛾防效试验表明,性信息素2号的田间诱蛾效果极显著高于其它3种性信息素,平均日诱蛾量达30.75±1.86头,最高日诱蛾量194.00±8.95头;性信息素应用能使田间小菜蛾种群数量明显下降,与同类型同生育期正常用药的露地蔬菜相比,性信息素2号对小菜蛾幼虫的田间防效为84.74%,对蛹为79.34%。

不同性诱剂与诱捕器对棉铃虫和烟青虫诱杀效果研究

为了明确不同性诱剂与诱捕器对棉铃虫和烟青虫的诱杀效果,本研究选择了2个厂家的4种诱芯以及3种诱捕器进行相关试验,评价了不同诱芯、不同诱捕器的诱捕效果和性诱剂的防治效果,并提出了性诱捕器的最佳安放时间.结果可知,2个厂家的棉铃虫与烟青虫诱芯在诱蛾效果上并无显著差异;3种诱捕器的诱虫效果从高到低依次为三角形塑料诱捕器、船型塑料诱捕器、夜蛾类通用型诱捕器,结合性价比,建议选择耐用高效的船型塑料诱捕器.本研究还连续监测了烟青虫诱芯在不同时间段的诱捕效果,发现在贵州省遵义市辣椒产区,7月中下旬是烟青虫成虫发生的高峰期,建议以此时间作为防治辣椒烟青虫危害的关键时期.此外,通过对烟青虫性诱剂的防治效果进行比较,与对照区相比,辣椒受害果数减少了13.4%,防治效果达61.19%.本研究为采用性诱剂防治田间棉铃虫与烟青虫提供了一定参考.

苹果蠹蛾不同防治方法的控害效应比较

为了及时地在苹果蠹蛾Cydia pomonella(L.)入侵地实施有效的防控策略,通过评价活雌蛾诱捕器诱捕雄蛾数量、在树干上化蛹或越冬的幼虫数量以及对苹果果实的为害程度,比较性信息素诱杀技术、迷向技术和化学防治技术对苹果蠹蛾的控害效应。结果显示,采用迷向法控制苹果蠹蛾的防治效果与化学防治相当,其中在第1代幼虫为害盛末期,蛀果率可控制在1%以下,在第2代幼虫为害盛末期,可控制在2%左右;而诱捕区与对照区(无处理)的蛀果率相当,几乎无控制效应。

东北稻区二化螟性诱盆布放密度的初步研究

2011年在黑龙江省五常市试验研究二化螟性诱盆布放密度。结果表明,每公顷诱盆45、45、30只诱杀盆的处理区6次调查平均每盆累计诱蛾量分别为76.40、68.00、76.80头,在诱盆密度增加50%时,单位面积诱蛾总数则上升49.22%和32.81%。每公顷45、45、30、0只诱杀盆的白穗和半枯穗数分别为0.67、1.50、2.00、7.33个,3个诱杀区防治效果分别为90.91%、79.55%、72.73%。随着诱杀盆密度的增加,防治效果有所上升。作者认为,目前在东北大部分稻区,性诱盆密度以每公顷45盆为宜;对于虫口密度较低地区,诱盆密度可适当降低。

烟草夜蛾对太阳能诱虫灯和性诱剂趋向效果的比较研究

烟草夜蛾是烟草上的主要叶食性害虫之一。本研究在湖南省耒阳市烤烟大田生长期,应用太阳能诱虫灯与烟草夜蛾性诱剂诱芯对烟草夜蛾的诱集效果进行了对比研究,结果发现:太阳能诱虫灯和性诱剂诱芯对烟草夜蛾都有较好的诱集效果。同时发现,在单台太阳能诱虫灯的水盆上方添置烟草夜蛾诱芯时,诱捕到的烟草夜蛾数量明显多于单台不加诱芯的太阳能诱虫灯或单个使用诱芯的诱捕量的总量,但是,也明显少于两种诱捕器的总和。因此,对于烟草夜蛾,在诱虫灯上方加放同种性诱剂,虽然可以提高单灯诱虫效果,但是不如分开安装诱捕器二者诱蛾量的总和。所以,建议性诱与灯诱单独进行,不宜混合使用。