Propagation of acoustic waves in a fluid-filled pipe with periodic elastic Helmholtz resonators

Helmholtz resonators are widely used to reduce noise in a fluid-filled pipe system. It is a challenge to obtain lowfrequency and broadband attenuation with a small sized cavity. In this paper, the propagation of acoustic waves in a fluid-filled pipe system with periodic elastic Helmholtz resonators is studied theoretically. The resonance frequency and sound transmission loss of one unit are analyzed to validate the correctness of simplified acoustic impedance. The band structure of infinite periodic cells and sound transmission loss of finite periodic cells are calculated by the transfer matrix method and finite element software. The effects of several parameters on band gap and sound transmission loss are probed.Further, the negative bulk modulus of periodic cells with elastic Helmholtz resonators is analyzed. Numerical results show that the acoustic propagation properties in the periodic pipe, such as low frequency, broadband sound transmission, can be improved.

Sound Insulation Performance of Acoustic Metamaterials Based on Attachable Helmholtz Resonators

To address the control of low frequency noises,we propose an new perforated thin-plate acoustic metamaterials with the attachable Helmholtz resonator(AHR)which can be directly attached to the existing structure to suppress acoustic radiation.Sound transmission loss of the aluminium plate with AHR has been simulated using the finite element method under a normal incident plane sound wave.The results show that AHR works well in the 50—500 Hz frequency band,with two peaks of insulation occurring and the corresponding frequency of the first insulation peak dropping to around 120 Hz.The study of the effects of plate thickness,cavity depth,perforation radius and perforation length on the sound insulation performance of metamaterials demonstrates that the effective suppression of acoustic radiation at specific frequencies can be achieved by changing the acoustic radiation properties of the structure.

Resonant Modes of One-Dimensional Metamaterial Containing Helmholtz Resonators with Point Defect

The metamaterial constructed by Helmholtz resonators (HR) has low-frequency acoustic forbidden bands and possesses negative mass density and effective bulk modulus at particular frequencies. The resonant modes in one-dimensional HR structure with point defect were studied using finite element method (FEM). The results show that the acoustic energy is localized between the resonant HR and the opening in the local-resonant-type gap. There is a high pressure area around the defect resonator at the frequency of defect mode. In the Bragg type gap, the energy mainly distributes in the waveguide with harmonic attenuation due to the multi-scattering. Phase opposition demonstrates the existence of negative dynamic mass density. Local negative parameter is observed in the pass band due to the defect mode. Based on further investigation of the acoustic intensity and phase distributions in the resonators corresponding to two different forbidden bands, only one local resonant mode is verified, which is different from the three-component local resonant phononics. This work will be useful for understanding the mechanisms of acoustic forbidden bands and negative parameters in the HR metamaterial, and of help for designing new functional acoustic devices.

Using Helmholtz resonator arrays to improve dipole transmission efficiency in waveguide

It is well known that the radiation efficiency of an acoustic dipole is very low, increasing the radiation efficiency of an acoustic dipole is a difficult task, especially in an ordinary waveguide.In addition, current acoustic superlenses all utilize in-phase sources to do the super-resolution imaging, it is almost impossible to realize super-resolution imaging of an acoustic dipole.In this paper, after using the Helmholtz resonator arrays(HRAs) which are placed at the upper and lower surfaces of the waveguide, we observe a large dipole radiation efficiency at the certain frequency, which gives a method to observe an acoustic dipole in the far field and offers a novel model which is promising to realize the superlens with a source of an acoustic dipole.We discuss how the arrangement of HRAs affects the transmission of the acoustic dipole.

Attenuation Performance of a Semi-Active Helmholtz Resonator in a Grazing Flow Duct

Side branch Helmholtz resonators (HRs) are widely used to control low frequency tonal noise in air duct system. The passive Helmholtz resonator only works effectively over a narrow frequency range around resonance frequency. Changes in the exciting frequency and temperature will decrease the noise reduction performance. Many studies have been conducted on incorporating a Helmholtz resonator with active noise control to tuning the resonance frequency of HRs. The objective of this study is to study the effect of flow on the semi active Helmholtz resonator for duct noise control. Owing to a low Mach number air flow, the discontinuity condition at the joint is analytically formulated according to the conservation of the momentum and mass of air flow. Based on the transfer function at the junction, a controller function is proposed to tune the semi-active Helmholtz resonator under flow condition.

Preliminary analysis of resonance effect by Helmholtz Schrdinger method

The Helmholtz SchrSdinger method is employed to study the electric field standing wave caused by coupling through a simple slot. There is a good agreement between the numerical results and the resonant conditions presented by the Helmholtz-Schrodinger method. Thus, it can be used in similar cases where the amplitude of the electric field is the important quantity or eigenfunctions of the Schrodinger equation are needed for complicated quantum structures with hard wall boundary conditions.

Helmholtz型空化射流喷嘴结构优化数值模拟研究

目前Helmholtz型空化射流喷嘴结构尺寸偏大,不适用于空化射流洗井解堵作业,且与其相关研究缺乏对射流脉冲特性的评价。为此,利用CFD数值模拟方法探讨了结构参数对Helmholtz型空化射流喷嘴脉冲性能的影响规律,对该类型喷嘴的结构进行了优化。研究结果表明:在入口长度为5~15 mm时,空化射流脉冲特性和入口长度呈反比关系;在出口长度为5~10 mm时,空化射流的脉冲峰值和脉冲幅度与出口长度呈正比关系,脉冲频率基本不受影响;所得喷嘴最优结构尺寸为喷嘴入口直径2.5 mm,入口长度5.0 mm,谐振腔入口圆角1.0 mm,谐振腔直径10.0 mm,谐振腔长度2.0 mm,碰撞壁夹角60°,出口长度10.0 mm,出口直径3.0 mm。研究结果可为空化射流解堵技术中空化射流喷嘴结构优化设计提供理论参考。

Janus-Helmholtz换能器的振动模态谐振频率理论分析研究

Janus-Helmholtz换能器利用驱动振子纵向谐振与Helmholtz谐振腔的液腔谐振耦合,具有大功率、宽带声发射特性.传统观点认为导纳曲线中低频谐振峰对应液腔谐振频率,而高频谐振峰对应纵振动谐振频率,然而大量的实验研究发现该结论存疑.本文结合一只Janus-Helmholtz换能器实验样机的实验结果,运用等效电路法结合有限元法分析并求解了驱动振子纵向模态的谐振频率,使用有限元法分析并求解了Helmholtz谐振腔的液腔谐振频率.研究结果表明,与传统观点相反,导纳曲线中第1个谐振峰为驱动振子的纵向谐振,第2个谐振峰为Helmholtz谐振腔的液腔谐振;Janus换能器4个大尺寸辐射面带来的可观辐射质量是造成纵向振动谐振频率在水中大幅度下降的原因;Janus-Helmholtz换能器中存在两个等体积的Helmholtz共振腔而非传统认为的仅存在一个共振腔.这些结论对于正确认识Janus-Helmholtz换能器的结构及性能特性起到了正本清源的作用,也为优化创新该换能器的结构、改善换能器的声发射特性提供了技术支撑.

内插缝Helmholtz共振腔吸声超结构的机理分析与优化设计

低频噪声一直是噪声控制领域比较棘手的问题,近年来吸声超结构的蓬勃发展为低频噪声控制提供了新理念.本文提出了一种内插缝Helmholtz共振腔吸声超结构,建立了其吸声特性计算的理论解析方法,并与数值计算方法对比,验证了解析方法的有效性.随后,从吸声曲线、简化等效模型、归一化声阻抗、声压云图与质点速度分布等多角度对吸声特性及吸声机理进行了深入分析.进一步,采用差分优化算法开展了多元胞并联耦合宽带优化设计,优化后典型超结构实现了90 mm厚度下在170—380 Hz低频段内平均吸声系数达到0.86的优异吸声效果.最后,制备了若干样件,开展吸声测试,实验结果与理论结果符合良好,验证了解析建模与优化设计方法的准确性.本文提出的内插缝Helmholtz共振腔吸声超结构具有结构简单、低频吸声性能好,且易于加工制造等特点,在低频噪声控制领域具有广阔的应用前景.

Extraordinary Acoustic Transmission in a Helmholtz Resonance Cavity-Constructed Acoustic Grating

We investigate both experimentally and numerically a complex structure, where ＇face-to-face＇ Helmholtz resonance cavities （HRCs） are introduced to construct a one-dimensional acoustic grating. In this system, pairs of HRCs can intensely couple with each other in two forms： a bonding state and an anti-bonding state, analogous to the character of hydrogen molecule with two atoms due to the interference of wave functions of sound among the acoustic local-resonating structures. The bonding state is a ＇bright＇ state that interferes with the Fabry-Pbrot resonance mode, thereby causing this state to break up into two modes as the splitting of the extraordinary acoustic transmission peak. On the contrary, the anti-bonding state is a ＇dark＇ state in which the resonance mode remains entirely localized within the HRCs, and has no contribution to the acoustic transmission.

单元间距对Helmholtz共振器阵列声传输特性的影响规律

随着对局域共振声学超材料研究的深入,关于Helmholtz共振器(HelmholtzResonator,HR)阵列声传输特性的研究越来越多。HR单元间距是HR阵列的重要参数之一,但关于其对声传输特性具体影响规律的理论分析却较为少见。在声传输线理论的基础上,通过对于等效阻抗简化计算的推导,开展HR单元间距对声传输特性影响规律的理论分析。结果表明,由不同和相同共振频率构成的两类HR阵列的声传输特性受HR单元间距影响的规律并不一致,前者的声传输特性会随单元间距变化出现较大波动,总体呈半波长周期变化,而后者的声传输特性随单元间距变化的波动范围很小。相关的研究结论完善HR阵列设计的理论依据,对由HR构成的声学超材料应用具有较好的参考价值。

折叠特征的低频Helmholtz共振器的数值计算与实验研究

Helmholtz共振器可有效抑制共振频率处噪声。提出一种具备折叠特征的Helmholtz共振器。基于有限元分析,计算共振器在100至800 Hz频带内传输损失曲线,并根据传递函数法进行实验,验证数值计算的准确性。结果表明,在等体积条件下,具备折叠特征Helmholtz共振器有效频率更低,且在共振频率处传递损失达35 dB。使用响应面法对该共振器结构参数进行相关性分析,并获取结构参数对声学特征的影响。研究表明具备折叠特征的Helmholtz共振器能够有效降低共振频率,在低频降噪控制工程领域中具有广阔应用前景。

Sound Transmission Loss of Helmholtz Resonators with Elastic Bottom Plate

Helmholtz resonators are widely used to control low frequency noise propagating in pipes.In this paper,the elastic bottom plate of Helmholtz resonator is simplified as a single degree of freedom(SDOF)vibration system with acoustic excitation,and a one-dimensional lumped-parameter analytical model was developed to accurately characterize the structure-acoustic coupling and sound transmission loss(STL)of a Helmholtz resonator with an elastic bottom plate.The effect of dynamical parameters of elastic bottom plate on STL is analyzed by utilizing the model.A design criterion to circumvent the effect of wall elasticity of Helmholtz resonators is proposed,i.e.,the structural natural frequency of the wall should be greater than three times the resonant frequency of the resonator to avoid the adverse effects of wall elasticity.This study can provide guidance for the rapid and effective design of Helmholtz resonators.

Helmholtz腔与弹性振子耦合结构带隙

为提高Helmholtz型声子晶体低频隔声性能,设计了一种Helmholtz腔与弹性振子的耦合结构,通过声压场及固体振型对其带隙产生机理进行了详细分析,建立了相应的弹簧-振子系统等效模型,并采用理论计算和有限元计算两种方法研究了各结构参数对其带隙的影响情况.研究表明,该结构可等效为双自由度系统振动,在低频范围内具有两个带隙;在6 cm的尺寸下,其第一带隙下限可低至24.5 Hz,而同尺寸无弹性振子结构只能达到42.1 Hz,带隙下限降低了40%,较传统Helmholtz结构具有更为优良的低频隔声特性.另外,在框体尺寸一定的情况下,降低结构间距、增大开口空气通道长度及振子质量、增大左侧腔体体积等方式,是增大带隙宽度、提高低频隔声效果的主要手段.

双开口Helmholtz局域共振周期结构低频带隙特性研究

设计了一种双开口Helmholtz周期结构,该周期结构单元采用双开口内外腔设计,基于多腔耦合局域共振机理,可大大增加局域共振区域,增加能得到较低的低频带隙特性.通过设计调节内腔弧长,可以使带隙移动,达到特定低频频段的隔声效果.在分析低频带隙形成机理和影响因素时,采用声电类比原理建立带隙起始频率和截止频率的计算数学模型并与有限元方法进行对比分析.研究表明:该结构具有良好的低频带隙特性,其最低带隙段为86.9—138.2 Hz.外径一定的条件下,低频带隙受内腔弧长、内外腔间隔以及周期单元结构间隔影响,内腔弧长越长,低频带隙越低;内外腔间距离越大,从而内腔体积变小,带隙向高频移动,其低频效果变差;减小结构间距对低频带隙起始频率无影响,但可以大大增加低频带隙截止频率,从而增加带隙宽度.该研究结论可以为低频降噪领域提供一定的实践和理论支持.

一种基于二维Helmholtz腔阵列的低频宽带隔声结构实验研究

基于圆周排列的Helmholtz共振腔单元,设计并实现了一种具有低频宽禁带的声人工结构,可以在结构中心处实现二维隔声效果.针对实际模型,搭建了二维声场测量平台,进行了相应的实验研究,实验结果与有限元仿真结果符合较好.该结构在较宽的频带内(680—1050 Hz)可以实现较好的隔声效果,最大隔声量可达41 d B.实验中还研究了单元参数及共振状态对隔声效果的影响.隔声区的大小与共振单元的分布形式有直接关系,而良好的共振状态将对提高隔声量有一定帮助.研究结果对设计新型声防护结构具有理论与应用价值.

高强度Helmholtz声源的声学特性研究

为研究Helmholtz声源的声学特性,设计并制作了一款由扬声器和Helmholtz共振器组成的Helmholtz声源,并对其等效声阻抗、两端电压、输出声压值和电声转换效率随信号频率变化的响应特性进行了初步探索。结果表明,Helmholtz声源的声学特性与扬声器和Helmholtz共振器的相互作用有关,Helmholtz声源的声学阻抗特性主要由Helmholtz共振器决定;扬声器的谐振或Helmholtz共振器的共振能够增强Helmholtz声源的声波辐射能力,可以有效提高声源的电声转换效果;在选定的实验条件下,Helmholtz声源的最大输出声压值约是扬声器的22倍,此时Helmholtz声源的电声转换效率高达113%。

一种带薄膜结构的Helmholtz腔声学超材料

为有效控制低频宽带噪声,设计了一种带薄膜结构的Helmholtz腔声学超材料。利用COMSOL软件对其透射特性进行详细分析,结果表明:不带膜的原本的Helmholtz腔结构其透射系数虽在低频范围内可以得到峰值,但其结构尺寸较大,且频带很窄,而文中设计的声学超材料结构的透射系数在低频范围可得到多个峰值,在相同结构尺寸下,与原本的Helmholtz腔结构相比,其固有频率向低频范围内偏移,因而提高了结构的低频隔声效果,拓宽了结构的隔声频率带宽。在此基础上进一步研究了声学超材料结构几何参数对透射系数的影响,优化了声学超材料的结构几何参数。

对称Helmholtz声源圆柱形波导的声学谐振特性

为了构造增强型驻波声场分离烟气颗粒,设计了一种具有对称Helmholtz声源的圆柱形波导驻波增强发生装置.以柱腔的谐振频率作为Helmholtz共振器的共振频率制作声源,通过理论和实验研究了该装置柱腔的共振频率随谐振阶数的变化、驻波的时空变化和声能分布,比较了有无Helmholtz声源装置驻波的时空变化,并通过实验展示了烟气颗粒在装置中的分布特征.结果表明:装置运行在设计频率时能够实现共振;一对相反相位Helmholtz声源在柱腔内产生了强驻波,在相同条件下,其强声场区的最大声压幅值是同相位的2.75倍,是无Helmholtz声源时的13.3倍,使烟气颗粒产生了聚散性分离.该装置具有结构简单、驻波品质高、声压强度大等优点,因而可广泛用于烟气颗粒分离.

Helmholtz水声换能器弹性壁液腔谐振频率研究

针对传统Helmholtz水声换能器设计中刚性壁假设的局限性,将Helmholtz腔体的弹性计入到液腔谐振频率计算中,实现低频弹性Helmholtz水声换能器液腔谐振频率精确设计.基于细长圆柱壳腔体的低频集中参数模型,导出了腔体弹性引入的附加声阻抗表达式,得到了弹性壁条件下Helmholtz水声换能器等效电路图,给出了考虑了末端修正的弹性壁Helmholtz共振腔液腔谐振频率计算公式.利用ANSYS软件建立了算例模型,仿真分析了不同材质、半径、长度时的Helmholtz共振腔液腔谐振频率.结果对比表明弹性理论值与仿真值符合得很好,相比起传统的刚性壁理论计算结果,本文的弹性壁理论得出的液腔谐振频率值有所降低,与真实情况更加接近.本文的结论可以为精确设计低频弹性Helmholtz水声换能器提供理论支持.