Imbalance of Circulating Follicular Regulatory and Follicular Helper T Cell Subpopulations Is Associated with Disease Progression and Serum CYFRA 21-1 Levels in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective This study aimed to investigate the changes of follicular helper T(TFH)and follicular regulatory T(TFR)cell subpopulations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and their significance.Methods Peripheral blood was collected from 58 NSCLC patients at different stages and 38 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was used to detect TFH cell subpopulation based on programmed death 1(PD-1)and inducible co-stimulator(ICOS),and TFR cell subpopulation based on cluster determinant 45RA(CD45RA)and forkhead box protein P3(FoxP3).The levels of interleukin-10(IL-10),interleukin-17a(IL-17a),interleukin-21(IL-21),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in the plasma were measured,and changes in circulating B cell subsets and plasma IgG levels were also analyzed.The correlation between serum cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1(CYFRA 21-1)levels and TFH,TFR,or B cell subpopulations was further explored.Results The TFR/TFH ratio increased significantly in NSCLC patients.The CD45RA^(+)FoxP3^(int) TFR subsets were increased,with their proportions increasing in stages Ⅱ to Ⅲ and decreasing in stage IV.PD-1^(+)ICOS+TFH cells showed a downward trend with increasing stages.Plasma IL-21 and TGF-β concentrations were increased in NSCLC patients compared with healthy controls.Plasmablasts,plasma IgG levels,and CD45RA^(+)FoxP3^(int) TFR cells showed similar trends.TFH numbers and plasmablasts were positively correlated with CYFRA 21-1 in stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ and negatively correlated with CYFRA 21-1 in stage IV.Conclusion Circulating TFH and TFR cell subpopulations and plasmablasts dynamically change in different stages of NSCLC,which is associated with serum CYFRA 21-1 levels and reflects disease progression.

Analysis of the Peripheral Blood Helper T-Cell 17- Cell Level and Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio for Colorectal Cancer Prognosis Prediction

Objective: To investigate the value of peripheral blood helper T cell 17 cell level and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio to predict the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Methods: 74 colorectal cancer patients who attended Hospital 960 from January 2021 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical data of the patients were collected, including gender, age, and histologic type. Immunohistochemical indexes such as Th17 cell level and monocyte/ lymphocyte ratio in the peripheral blood of patients were also collected. The prognosis of patients after treatment, as well as peripheral blood Th17 and MLR levels, were observed and analyzed. Results: After follow-up after treatment, in the final 74 patients, the prognosis was good in 32 patients, accounting for 43.24%, and the prognosis was bad in 42 patients, accounting for 56.76%. There were no significant differences between the average age and tumor diameters of the good prognosis and poor prognosis groups (P > 0.05). However, the TNM staging, intervention taken, differentiation degree, presence of distant metastasis, presence of lymph node metastasis, Th17 level, and MLR level are significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Peripheral blood Th17 and MLR have predictive value for the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients, and high levels of peripheral blood Th17 and MLR imply poor prognosis. The detection of peripheral blood Th17 and MLR levels is simple and convenient and can be used as indicators to provide a reference for the prognostic assessment of colorectal cancer patients.

Milk fat globule membrane supplementation protects againstβ-lactoglobul-ininduced food allergy in mice via upregulation of regulatory T cells and enhancement of intestinal barrier in a microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids manner

Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.

Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular disease.Since pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early interventions.There is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of atherosclerosis.Therefore,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated signatures.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking medication.Ultrasound of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were performed.Additionally,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose levels.Immunophenotyping of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow cytometry.Participants were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque status.Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between parameters.Results:SAP was detected in a total of 29 participants.The participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and mTregs(OR=1.05(95%CI:1.021.10))as independent risk factors for SAP.Stepwise linear regression could reveal an association of peak oxygen uptake(β=0.441),low-density lipoprotein(LDL)(β=0.096),and SAP(β=6.733)with mTregs and LDL(β=0.104)with rTregs.Conclusion:While at an early stage of SAP,the total proportion of Tregs gives no indication of vascular changes,this is indicated by a shift in the Treg subgroups.Factors such as serum LDL or cardiopulmonary fitness may be associated with this shift and may also be additional diagnostic indicators.This could be used to initiate lifestyle-based preventive measures at an early stage,which may have a protective effect against disease progression.

Cellular strategies to induce immune tolerance after liver transplantation:Clinical perspectives

Liver transplantation(LT)has become the most efficient treatment for pediatric and adult end-stage liver disease and the survival time after transplantation is becoming longer due to the development of surgical techniques and perioperative management.However,long-term side-effects of immunosuppressants,like infection,metabolic disorders and malignant tumor are gaining more attention.Immune tolerance is the status in which LT recipients no longer need to take any immunosuppressants,but the liver function and intrahepatic histology maintain normal.The approaches to achieve immune tolerance after transplantation include spontaneous,operational and induced tolerance.The first two means require no specific intervention but withdrawing immunosuppressant gradually during follow-up.No clinical factors or biomarkers so far could accurately predict who are suitable for immunosuppressant withdraw after transplantation.With the understanding to the underlying mechanisms of immune tolerance,many strategies have been developed to induce tolerance in LT recipients.Cellular strategy is one of the most promising methods for immune tolerance induction,including chimerism induced by hematopoietic stem cells and adoptive transfer of regulatory immune cells.The safety and efficacy of various cell products have been evaluated by prospective preclinical and clinical trials,while obstacles still exist before translating into clinical practice.Here,we will summarize the latest perspectives and concerns on the clinical application of cellular strategies in LT recipients.

Immunomodulation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in colorectal cancer patients with COVID-19

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence has shown that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs)are an effective therapeutic approach for managing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19);however,further elucidation is required to determine their underlying immunomodulatory effect on the mRNA expression of T helper cell-related transcription factors(TFs)and cytokine release in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs).AIM To investigate the impact of ADSCs on the mRNA expression of TFs and cytokine release in PBMCs from colorectal cancer(CRC)patients with severe COVID-19(CRC^(+)patients).METHODS PBMCs from CRC^(+)patients(PBMCs-C+)and age-matched CRC patients(PBMCs-C)were stimulated and cultured in the presence/absence of ADSCs.The mRNA levels of T-box TF TBX21(T-bet),GATA binding protein 3(GATA-3),RAR-related orphan receptor C(RORC),and forkhead box P3(FoxP3)in the PBMCs were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.Culture supernatants were evaluated for levels of interferon gamma(IFN-γ),interleukin 4(IL-4),IL-17A,and transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Compared with PBMCs-C,PBMCs-C+exhibited higher mRNA levels of T-bet and RORC,and increased levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A.Additionally,a significant decrease in FoxP3 mRNA and TGF-β1,as well as an increase in Tbet/GATA-3,RORC/FoxP3,IFN-γ/IL-4,and IL-17A/TGF-β1 ratios were observed in PBMCs-C+.Furthermore,ADSCs significantly induced a functional regulatory T cell(Treg)subset,as evidenced by an increase in FoxP3 mRNA and TGF-β1 release levels.This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the mRNA levels of T-bet and RORC,release of IFN-γ and IL-17A,and T-bet/GATA-3,RORC/FoxP3,IFN-γ/IL-4,and IL-17A/TGF-β1 ratios,compared with the PBMCs-C+alone.CONCLUSION The present in vitro studies showed that ADSCs contributed to the immunosuppressive effects on PBMCs-C+,favoring Treg responses.Thus,ADSC-based cell therapy could be a beneficial approach for patients with severe COVID-19 who fail to respond to conventional therapies.

Populational change of CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Treg cells is responsible for the synergistic effect of the combination of RAMP2 with baicalin in treating recurrent spontaneous abortion mouse models

Background: The absence of a safe and effective therapy for recurrent spontaneous abortion due to a maternofetal failure in immunological tolerance remains an intractable clinical obstacle for surgeons. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine has become a feasible alternative for certain diseases, including recurrent spontaneous abortion. However, because of the complex composition of the traditional Chinese medicine formula, its action mechanism remains unclear. Methods: We selected two isolated active ingredients (RAMP and baicalin) from the traditional Chinese medicine formula and used an abortion-prone CBA/J × DBA/2 model to simulate human RSA and compared the changes in fetal resorption rate, Treg cell percentage, and relevant cytokines before and after combination therapy. In addition, The mechanisms were preliminarily discussed using in vitro differentiation models. Results: In CBA/J × DBA/2 abortion-prone mice, the combination therapy resulted in a lower embryo resorption rate compared to that obtained with individual delivery of either RAMP or baicalin, thereby playing an embryo-protective role through the increase in Treg cells for the maintenance of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. In in vitro primary cell differentiation experiments, the concentration of Treg cells significantly increased from 11% to 17.9% after the combination therapy compared to that of the single administration group. Conclusion: the synergistic effects of RAMP and baicalin were responsible for Treg differentiation. The present study provides a solid basis for improving the applicability of traditional Chinese herbs in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion.

苦参碱调节RhoA-ROCK信号通路对冠心病模型大鼠Th17/Treg细胞平衡的影响

目的探讨苦参碱(Matrine)对冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)大鼠辅助T细胞17(helper T cell 17,Th17)/调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)细胞平衡及Ras同源基因家族成员A(RhoA)-Rho相关的卷曲螺旋激酶(ROCK)信号通路的影响。方法建立冠心病模型,将实验大鼠分为对照组、模型组、苦参碱低剂量(50 mg·kg^(-1))组、苦参碱高剂量(200 mg·kg^(-1))组及苦参碱高剂量(200 mg·kg^(-1))+LPA组(10 mg·kg^(-1))。超声心动图进行大鼠心功能检测;酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法进行白细胞介素17(IL-17)、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)水平检测;流式细胞术检测Th17、Treg数量及Th17/Treg比值;免疫组化进行内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、内皮素1(ET-1)蛋白表达水平检测;Masson染色进行大鼠心肌组织的病理形态变化观察;TTC染色检测各组大鼠心肌梗死情况;TUNEL染色进行心肌组织中细胞凋亡情况检测;试剂盒检测RhoA活性;Western Blot法进行半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)、B细胞淋巴瘤因子2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2蛋白表达水平检测。结果与对照组比较,模型组心肌组织有大量蓝色胶原纤维沉积,左室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end-diastolic volume,LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end-systolic volume,LVESV)、IL-17、Th17、Th17/Treg、ET-1、心肌梗死面积、细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性率、Bax、Caspase-3、RhoA活性、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2表达水平明显升高,左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室缩短分数(left ventricular shortening fraction,LVFS)、TGF-β、Treg、eNOS、Bcl-2表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,Matrine-L组、苦参碱高剂量组心肌组织蓝色胶原纤维逐渐减少,LVEDV、LVESV、IL-17、Th17、Th17/Treg、ET-1、心肌梗死面积、细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性率、Bax、Caspase-3、RhoA活性、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2表达水平依次明显降低,LVEF、LVFS、TGF-β、Treg、eNOS、Bcl-2表达水平依次明显升高(P<0.05)。与苦参碱高剂量组比较,苦参碱高剂量+LPA组心肌组织蓝色胶原纤维增多,LVEDV、LVESV、IL-17、Th17、Th17/Treg、ET-1、心肌梗死面积、细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性率、Bax、Caspase-3、RhoA活性、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2表达水平明显升高,LVEF、LVFS、TGF-β、Treg、eNOS、Bcl-2表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论苦参碱通过抑制RhoAROCK信号通路调节Th17/Treg细胞平衡,改善冠心病大鼠心肌损伤。

Impaired balance of T helper 17/T regulatory cells in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice

AIM: To investigate the effect of T helper (Th) 17/T regulatory (Treg) cells on hepatic fibrosis in mice and its possible mechanism.

Th17和调节性T细胞在人类免疫缺陷病毒疾病进展中的作用及其调控机制

目的本研究通过观察人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者外周血Th17、Treg细胞及其相关转录因子、细胞因子的表达,进一步揭示Th17、Treg细胞的调控机制及其在HIV感染者疾病进展中的作用。方法选取2019年1月—2019年10月河南省上蔡县HIV感染者80例作为研究组,选取同地区健康人群20例作为对照组。采用流式细胞术检测外周血CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T及外周血单个核细胞Th17、Treg,酶联免疫吸附试验检测血浆中细胞因子白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、IL-23水平,实时聚合酶链反应检测转录因子ROR-γt及Foxp3 mRNA表达,Pearson法分析Th17、Treg与CD4^(+)T的相关性。结果研究组CD4^(+)T、CD4^(+)T/CD3+T、CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T低于对照组(P<0.05),CD8^(+)T和CD8^(+)T/CD3+T高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组Th17/CD4^(+)T、Th17/Treg低于对照组(P<0.05),Treg/CD4^(+)T高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组ROR-γtmRNA高于对照组(P<0.05),Foxp3mRNA低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组IL-17、IL-23水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果表示,Th17细胞百分比与CD4^(+)T细胞计数呈正相关(r=0.293,P<0.05),Treg细胞百分比与CD4^(+)T细胞计数呈负相关(r=-0.198,P<0.05)。结论HIV感染能降低Th17细胞、升高Treg细胞,破坏机体免疫平衡,其机制与调控转录因子ROR-γt、Foxp3及细胞因子IL-17、IL-23表达有关,Th17细胞、Treg细胞与HIV感染者疾病进展密切相关。

益胃解毒方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的效果及对Cyclin E、Th17/Treg比值的影响分析

目的分析益胃解毒方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎中的效果及对细胞周期蛋白E(Cyclin E)水平、辅助性T细胞(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)比值的影响。方法选取2019年6月至2022年6月在河北省石家庄市中医院确诊的150例慢性萎缩性胃炎患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为益胃解毒方组、六君子汤组、益胃解毒方+六君子汤组,每组50例。益胃解毒方组使用益胃解毒方治疗,六君子汤组使用六君子汤治疗,益胃解毒方+六君子汤组使用益胃解毒方联合六君子汤治疗,均连续治疗24周。比较3组治疗效果、中医证候积分、Cyclin E水平、Th17/Treg比值、不良反应发生情况。结果益胃解毒方组治疗总有效率高于六君子汤组和益胃解毒方+六君子汤组,且益胃解毒方+六君子汤组高于六君子汤组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后3组各项中医证候积分低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后益胃解毒方组各项中医证候积分低于六君子汤组和益胃解毒方+六君子汤组,且益胃解毒方+六君子汤组低于六君子汤组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后3组Cyclin E水平、Th17/Treg比值均低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后益胃解毒方组Cyclin E水平、Th17/Treg比值低于六君子汤组和益胃解毒方+六君子汤组,且益胃解毒方+六君子汤组低于六君子汤组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。益胃解毒方组总不良反应发生率低于六君子汤组和益胃解毒方+六君子汤组,且益胃解毒方+六君子汤组低于六君子汤组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论益胃解毒方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎效果显著,不仅能够改善患者临床症状,调节Cyclin E、Th17/Treg表达,还能减少不良反应发生,值得临床推广应用。

结直肠癌组织高表达IL-35对Th1和Th17可塑性的作用

目的 探讨结直肠癌组织中高表达的抑制性细胞因子白细胞介素(IL)-35对辅助性T细胞1(Th1)和辅助性T细胞17(Th17)可塑性的作用。方法 选取2019年3月—2020年2月上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院结直肠癌患者90例(结直肠癌组)和健康体检者28名(正常对照组)。采用流式细胞术检测结直肠癌组和正常对照组外周血Th1百分比(Th1%)和Th17百分比(Th17%)。基于Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库分析γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)和IL-17A高表达对结直肠癌患者总生存期和预后不良的影响。采用免疫组化法检测结直肠癌患者癌组织和癌旁组织(距肿瘤边缘≥2 cm)中IL-35的表达。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测结直肠癌患者和正常对照者血清IL-35水平。采用体外诱导Th1分化实验观察IL-35对Th1分泌IL-17A和IFN-γ的影响。结果与正常对照组比较,结直肠癌组Th1%显著降低(P=0.019),Th17%显著升高(P<0.001)。结直肠癌组Th1%与Th17%的r2值(0.393 4)与正常对照组(0.041 0)比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.007)。基于KaplanMeierPlotter数据库的分析结果显示,IFN-γmRNA低表达是结直肠癌患者总生存期缩短的危险因素[风险比(HR)=0.74,95%可信区间(CI)为0.58~0.94,P=0.013],IL-17A mRNA高表达是结直肠癌患者总生存期缩短的危险因素(HR=1.26,95%CI为1.02~1.59,P=0.020)。结直肠癌患者癌组织IL-35表达显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.001)。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(早期)和Ⅲ~Ⅳ期(晚期)结直肠癌患者血清IL-35水平均显著高于正常对照者(P<0.05)。体外诱导Th1分化实验结果显示,IL-35可降低Th1中IFN-γ表达,提高IL-17A表达。结论 结直肠癌患者外周血Th1和Th17呈异常变化,且IL-35表达增加。高表达的IL-35可降低Th1中IFN-γ表达,提高IL-17A表达。

缺血性脑卒中后抑郁患者外周血CDC42、Th17细胞表达及与抑郁程度的相关性分析

目的观察缺血性脑卒中患者外周血细胞分裂周期蛋白42(CDC42)、辅助性T细胞17(Th17)表达并探究其表达与患者抑郁程度的相关性。方法选取2022年1月—2023年1月河北北方学院附属第一医院收治的200例缺血性脑卒中患者为观察组,另选取同期该院200例体检健康者为对照组。患者入院后均接受常规抗血小板聚集、降脂等对症支持治疗,并采用多感官刺激方案对患者进行干预。采用蒙哥马利抑郁评定量表评估患者的抑郁状态,并将患者分为无抑郁组116例、轻度抑郁组38例、中度抑郁组31例、重度抑郁组15例。比较各组医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)和简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)评分,比较观察组干预前后日常生活活动能力(ADL)评分;检测各组外周血CDC42 mRNA、Th17细胞、调节性T细胞(Treg)、Th17/Treg表达。以Pearson相关系数分析HADS评分与患者外周血CDC42 mRNA、Th17细胞、Treg细胞、Th17/Treg表达水平的相关性。结果观察组HADS-A评分、HADS-D评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),MMSE评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。重度抑郁组HADS-A评分、HADS-D评分高于其他组(P<0.05),MMSE评分低于其他组(P<0.05);中度抑郁组HADS-A评分、HADS-D评分高于轻度抑郁组和无抑郁组(P<0.05),MMSE评分低于轻度抑郁组和无抑郁组(P<0.05);轻度抑郁组HADS-A评分、HADS-D评分高于无抑郁组(P<0.05),MMSE评分低于无抑郁组(P<0.05)。观察组外周血CDC42 mRNA、Treg细胞的表达水平低于对照组(P<0.05),外周血Th17细胞、Th17/Treg的表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度抑郁组Th17细胞、Th17/Treg表达水平高于其他组(P<0.05),Treg细胞表达水平低于另外组(P<0.05),中度抑郁组Th17细胞、Th17/Treg表达水平高于轻度抑郁组、无抑郁组(P<0.05),Treg细胞表达水平低于轻度抑郁组、无抑郁组(P<0.05),轻度抑郁组Th17细胞、Th17/Treg表达水平高于无抑郁组(P<0.05),Treg细胞表达水平低于无抑郁组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后HADS-A评分、HADS-D评分低于干预前(P<0.05),MMSE评分、ADL评分高于干预前(P<0.05)。观察组干预前后外周血CDC42 mRNA表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组干预后外周血Th17细胞、Th17/Treg表达水平低于干预前(P<0.05),外周血Treg细胞表达水平高于干预前(P<0.05)。观察组患者外周血Th17细胞、Th17/Treg表达与HADS评分呈正相关(r=0.673、0.603,均P<0.05),外周血Treg细胞表达与HADS评分呈负相关(r=-0.586,P<0.05),外周血CDC42 mRNA与HADS评分无相关性(r=-0.375,P>0.05)。结论缺血性脑卒中患者外周血CDC42mRNA表达明显降低、Th17细胞表达明显升高,随着患者抑郁程度加重,Th17细胞表达逐渐升高,而CDC42mRNA表达与患者的抑郁程度无相关性,可通过合理的干预措施减轻抑郁情绪,防止病情加重。

Periostin、Notch1、维生素D与自身免疫性甲状腺炎淋巴细胞浸润程度、Treg/Th17的相关性研究

目的探讨骨外膜素(Periostin)、Notch跨膜受体-1(Notch1)m RNA、维生素D(VitD)与自身免疫性甲状腺炎(AIT)淋巴细胞浸润程度、调节性T细胞/辅助性T细胞17(Treg/Th17)的相关性。方法选取2021年7月至2023年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的92例AIT患者纳入AIT组,另选取同期50例无甲状腺疾病的健康人群纳入对照组。比较两组受检者的淋巴细胞浸润程度及抗体水平,采用Spearman、Pearson相关系数分析淋巴细胞浸润程度、Treg/Th17与甲状腺功能、抗体水平的相关性,比较两组受检者的Periostin、Notch1 m RNA、VitD及Treg/Th17,采用Pearson相关系数分析Periostin、Notch1 mRNA、VitD与淋巴细胞浸润程度及Treg/Th17的相关性。结果AIT组患者的CD3^(+)、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)CD25^(+)CD127^(-)、TgAb、TPOAb、TRAb水平及甲亢/亚临床甲亢、甲减/亚临床甲减患者占比明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,CD3^(+)(r=0.579、0.602、0.563)、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)(r=0.612、0.637、0.606)、CD~4+CD25^(+)CD127^(-)(r=0.655、0.643、0.687)与TgAb、TPOAb、TRAb呈正相关(P<0.05);AIT组患者的Periostin、Notch1 m RNA分别为(4.27±1.40)μg/L、1.73±0.56,明显高于对照组的(2.86±0.49)μg/L、1.02±0.14,VitD、Treg/Th17分别为(17.82±5.09)ng/mL、2.82±0.97,明显低于对照组的(22.30±3.76)ng/mL、12.36±2.03,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,Periostin(r=0.792、0.811、0.737)、Notch1 mRNA(r=0.812、0.775、0.792)与CD3^(+)、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)CD25+CD127-呈正相关(P<0.05),VitD(r=-0.687、-0.753、-0.799)与之呈负相关(P<0.05),且Periostin(r=-0.823)、Notch1 m RNA(r=-0.772)与Treg/Th17呈负相关(P<0.05),VitD(r=0.745)与之呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论Periostin、Notch1 mRNA在AIT患者血清中表达上调,VitD表达下调,各指标与AIT淋巴细胞浸润程度及Treg/Th17均具有一定相关性,可为临床判断病情提供参考,并对后续临床治疗具有一定指导价值。

针刺联合硫酸羟氯喹对原发性干燥综合征患者辅助性T细胞-17/调节性T细胞比率的影响

目的观察针刺联合硫酸羟氯喹对原发性干燥综合征患者辅助性T细胞-17(Th-17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)比率的影响。方法选取2019年12月至2020年12月山西省中医院门诊及住院收治的52例原发性干燥综合征患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组(26例)与对照组(26例)。对照组患者给予口服硫酸羟氯喹治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合针刺治疗。比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后中医证候积分、泪液流率、唾液流率、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)水平及Th17/Treg比率变化。结果治疗组患者治疗后临床总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组患者治疗后中医证候积分低于对照组;泪液流率、唾液流率高于对照组;ESR、CRP、IgG水平低于对照组;Th17/Treg比率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针刺联合硫酸羟氯喹治疗原发性干燥综合征患者疗效确切,安全可靠,能明显改善口干、眼干症状,降低免疫反应,可降低中医证候积分,升高泪液流率、唾液流率,降低Th17/Treg比率,调节免疫功能。

BAFF调节免疫性血小板减少症模型小鼠的Th17/Treg平衡的研究

目的:探讨B细胞激活因子(BAFF)对免疫性血小板减少症模型小鼠体内辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡的调节作用和潜在机制。方法:制备豚鼠抗小鼠血小板抗血清(GP-APS),并将150只无特定病原级别的成年雄性BALB/c小鼠(7~8周龄)随机分为5组,每组30只。分别为对照组(空白对照)和ITP组(GP-APS诱导),ITP+rhBAFF组(ITP组联合静脉注射50μg/kg/50μL重组人BAFF蛋白),并在ITP+rhBAFF组处理的基础上分别联合Notch1的抑制剂(DAPT)或PI3K/Akt的抑制剂Polygalacin D(PGD),设立ITP+rhBAFF+DAPT组和ITP+rhBAFF+PGD组,除对照组和ITP组外,均为静脉注射给药,DAPT注射剂量100μg/kg;PGD注射剂量25μg/kg,静脉注射总体积均为50μL,每日1次。1周后取小鼠1mL外周血并分离血清和单个核细胞。用免疫荧光化学检测单个核细胞中BAFF和Notch1的定位。对外周血中的血小板进行计数。酶联免疫吸附法(ELSIA)检测小鼠外周血血清BAFF的水平。Western blot检测小鼠外周血单个核细胞中PI3K、AKT、Notch1、p-Akt(Thr308)、p-Akt(Ser473)的蛋白表达。流式细胞术检测单个核细胞中Th17/Treg的比例变化。结果:ITP小鼠外周血单个核细胞的BAFF与Notch1共定位在细胞膜。与对照组比较,ITP组BAFF、Notch1、p-Akt(Thr308)、p-Akt(Ser473)的表达增加,血小板数目和Treg比例减少,Th17比例增加(P<0.05)。与ITP组比较,ITP+rhBAFF组BAFF、Notch1、p-Akt(Thr308)、p-Akt(Ser473)的表达增加,血小板数目和Treg比例减少,Th17比例增加(P<0.05)。与ITP+rhBAFF组比较,ITP+rhBAFF+DAPT组BAFF、Notch1、p-Akt(Thr308)、p-Akt(Ser473)的表达降低,血小板数目和Treg比例增加,Th17比例降低(P<0.05)。与ITP+rhBAFF组比较,ITP+rhBAFF+PGD组BAFF、Notch1、p-Akt(Thr308)、p-Akt(Ser473)的表达降低,血小板数目和Treg比例增加,Th17比例降低(P<0.05)。结论:BAFF通过激活Notch1/PI3K/Akt信号通路促进免疫性血小板减少症模型小鼠体内Th17比例增加及Treg比例减少。

非小细胞肺癌不同胸腔积液严重程度及预后患者lncRNA MEG3表达及其与Th17/CD4^(+)T细胞的关系

目的:研究非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)不同胸腔积液严重程度及预后患者lncRNA MEG3表达及其与Th17/CD4^(+)T细胞的关系。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年12月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院收治的104例NSCLC恶性胸腔积液患者作为研究对象,根据胸腔积液量分为3组:少量胸腔积液组(35例)、中量胸腔积液组(42例)、大量胸腔积液组(27例)。根据患者疾病实际发展转归分为预后良好组(29例未出现复发和转移)和预后不良组(75例出现复发和转移)。另选取同期于福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院治疗的60例肺炎良性胸腔积液患者作为对照组。实时荧光定量PCR检测两组胸腔积液中MEG3表达。收集受试者外周静脉血,流式细胞术检测外周血Th17细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞比例,并计算Th17/CD4^(+)T。对比各组患者lncRNA MEG3及外周血Th17、CD4^(+)T细胞水平。Logistic回归分析NSCLC胸腔积液及预后的影响因素。结果:NSCLC组胸腔积液lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T细胞百分比低于对照组,Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于对照组(P<0.05)。大量胸腔积液组lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T细胞百分比低于少量胸腔积液组、中量胸腔积液组,中量胸腔积液组lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T细胞百分比低于少量胸腔积液组,大量胸腔积液组Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于少量胸腔积液组、中量胸腔积液组,中量胸腔积液组Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于少量胸腔积液组(P<0.05)。预后不良组lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T百分比低于预后良好组,而Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,lncRNA MEG3为NSCLC胸腔积液的保护因素,Th17/CD4^(+)T为危险因素(P<0.05);lncRNA MEG3为NSCLC预后的保护因素,Th17/CD4^(+)T为危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:NSCLC不同胸腔积液严重程度及预后患者lncRNA MEG3表达及Th17/CD4^(+)T不同,且lncRNA MEG3为NSCLC胸腔积液及预后的保护因素,Th17/CD4^(+)T为危险因素,可作为胸腔积液严重程度及预后诊断的有效生物标志物。

复方万年青胶囊联合化疗对中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者辅助性T细胞17/调节性T细胞失衡和血清凋亡因子的影响

目的 探讨复方万年青胶囊联合吉西他滨+顺铂(GP)化疗方案对中晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)失衡和血清凋亡因子的影响。方法 选择2018年3月至2021年2月西安医学院第一附属医院收治的98例中晚期NSCLC患者。按照随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各49例。对照组接受GP化疗方案治疗;观察组在对照组基础上联合复方万年青胶囊口服治疗。以21 d为1个疗程,完成4个疗程的化疗。比较2组临床疗效以及治疗前后血清Th17、Treg、Th17/Treg比值、肿瘤标志物水平、凋亡因子水平。观察2组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。所有患者随访2年,记录无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期。结果 治疗后,观察组客观缓解率和疾病控制率均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后,2组Treg均低于治疗前、且观察组低于对照组[(2.9±0.5)%比(4.8±0.8)%],2组Th17、Th17/Treg比值均高于治疗前、且观察组均高于对照组[(1.42±0.13)%比(1.25±0.11)%、(0.49±0.10)比(0.26±0.08)](均P<0.05);2组癌胚抗原、细胞角蛋白19片段、糖类抗原125、B淋巴细胞瘤基因2(Bcl-2)水平均低于治疗前、且观察组均低于对照组,2组Bcl-2相关X蛋白水平均高于治疗前、且观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05)。2组治疗期间不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组中位PFS、中位总生存期均长于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论 复方万年青胶囊联合GP化疗方案治疗中晚期NSCLC患者,可有效控制疾病进展,延长生存期,调节血清肿瘤标志物和血清凋亡因子水平,改善免疫功能。

栀子苷调节PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路在动脉粥样硬化形成过程中对Th17/Treg功能的影响

目的:观察栀子苷对载脂蛋白E缺乏(ApoE^(-/-))小鼠Th17/调节性T(Treg)细胞失衡的影响及其作用机制。方法:将50只纯合子ApoE^(-/-)雌性小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和栀子苷低剂量组、栀子苷中剂量组、栀子苷高剂量组。对照组小鼠喂养普通饲料,模型组和栀子苷组小鼠喂养高脂饲料。从第8周开始,栀子苷各剂量组每日灌胃栀子苷(25、50、100 mg/kg),连续8周。试验结束时,采用油红O染色评估主动脉及其根部动脉粥样硬化(AS)病变面积比。采用定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)分析主动脉组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-17A和IL-10 mRNA表达;采用流式细胞仪分析脾脏中Th17和Treg细胞百分比;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western Blot)检测主动脉组织磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路相关蛋白表达。结果:油红O染色病变显示,栀子苷中剂量组、栀子苷高剂量组病变百分比低于模型组(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,模型组主动脉TNF-α、IL-6和IL-17A mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05);栀子苷各剂量组主动脉TNF-α、IL-6和IL-17A mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,模型组主动脉抗炎细胞因子IL-10 mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05);栀子苷各剂量组主动脉抗炎细胞因子IL-10 mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,模型组小鼠脾脏中Th17细胞百分比升高,Treg细胞百分比降低(P<0.05)。栀子苷处理恢复了AS小鼠Th17和Treg细胞的平衡。栀子苷抑制PI3K的表达及AKT和mTOR的磷酸化,MHY1485(mTOR活化剂)减弱了栀子苷对T细胞分化的影响。结论:栀子苷抗AS作用机制可能与抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号引起的Treg细胞增多和Th17细胞减少有关。

CD4^(+)CD25^(+) regulatory T cells decreased future liver remnant after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy

BACKGROUND Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)is an innovative surgical approach for the treatment of massive hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the key to successful planned stage 2 ALPPS is future liver remnant(FLR)volume growth,but the exact mechanism has not been elucidated.The correlation between regulatory T cells(Tregs)and postoperative FLR regeneration has not been reported.AIM To investigate the effect of CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Tregs on FLR regeneration after ALPPS.METHODS Clinical data and specimens were collected from 37 patients who developed massive HCC treated with ALPPS.Flow cytometry was performed to detect changes in the proportion of CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Tregs to CD4^(+)T cells in peripheral blood before and after ALPPS.To analyze the relationship between peripheral blood CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Treg proportion and clinicopathological information and liver volume.RESULTS The postoperative CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Treg proportion in stage 1 ALPPS was negatively correlated with the amount of proliferation volume,proliferation rate,and kinetic growth rate(KGR)of the FLR after stage 1 ALPPS.Patients with low Treg proportion had significantly higher KGR than those with high Treg proportion(P=0.006);patients with high Treg proportion had more severe postoperative pathological liver fibrosis than those with low Treg proportion(P=0.043).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve between the percentage of Tregs and proliferation volume,proliferation rate,and KGR were all greater than 0.70.CONCLUSION CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Tregs in the peripheral blood of patients with massive HCC at stage 1 ALPPS were negatively correlated with indicators of FLR regeneration after stage 1 ALPPS and may influence the degree of fibrosis in patients’livers.Treg percentage was highly accurate in predicting the FLR regeneration after stage 1 ALPPS.