Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LDso and 1.0 LD50 to female rabbits resulted in significant increases of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leukocyte count in blood, as well as plas...Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LDso and 1.0 LD50 to female rabbits resulted in significant increases of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leukocyte count in blood, as well as plasma total proteins, urea and cholesterol. A significant decrease in plasma albumin level was only observed in the 1.0 LD50 group. Urine of MIC intoxicated animals showed presence of protein, bilirubin, elevated urea and urobilinogen, while urine volume was reduced. The hematological and biochemical changes induced by MIC are perhaps the result of fluid loss from the vascular compartment as evidenced by the histopathological observations. This study further substantiates the view that acute toxicity of MIC is mediated in vivo by its effects on vascular beds.展开更多
BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a systemic protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani(L.donovani)and transmitted by sand flies,causing macrophage invasion in the liver,spleen,and bone marrow.Diagnosis o...BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a systemic protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani(L.donovani)and transmitted by sand flies,causing macrophage invasion in the liver,spleen,and bone marrow.Diagnosis of VL is currently based on clinical signs,symptoms,and specific in-vitro markers and bone marrow investigations.However,VL's specific hematological and bone marrow manifestation in Sudanese pediatric patients is not well studied.AIM To examine the blood and bone marrow characteristics in pediatric patients from Sudan who have VL.METHODS This is a retrospective hospital-based study with a sample of 107 consecutive Sudanese pediatric patients.The data focused on hematological and bone marrow results.We included only the completed records of the pediatric patients with VL in the Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital in Khartoum,Sudan from the period of 2016 to 2020.RESULTS The majority of pediatric patients included in this study are below 5-years-old(n=59,55.2%).Moreover,anemia,thrombocytopenia,and leukopenia were among the prevalent characteristics in the population under study.To further analyze the data,we developed a machine learning model using boosted forest algorithms to predict L.donovani parasites load,with a mean accuracy of 0.88 for the training dataset and an accuracy of 0.46,0.50,and 0.74 for mild,moderate,and severe L.donovani parasite load in the validation dataset.CONCLUSION This study shows that the most common bone marrow change among Sudanese VL children was increased chronic inflammatory cells(n=88,82.2%)with present macrophage hemophagocytes(n=103,96.3%).While anemia and thrombocytopenia were the most common hematological changes.These results will hopefully lead to an early diagnosis and hence better management for Sudanese pediatric patients with suspected VL.展开更多
文摘Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LDso and 1.0 LD50 to female rabbits resulted in significant increases of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leukocyte count in blood, as well as plasma total proteins, urea and cholesterol. A significant decrease in plasma albumin level was only observed in the 1.0 LD50 group. Urine of MIC intoxicated animals showed presence of protein, bilirubin, elevated urea and urobilinogen, while urine volume was reduced. The hematological and biochemical changes induced by MIC are perhaps the result of fluid loss from the vascular compartment as evidenced by the histopathological observations. This study further substantiates the view that acute toxicity of MIC is mediated in vivo by its effects on vascular beds.
文摘BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a systemic protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani(L.donovani)and transmitted by sand flies,causing macrophage invasion in the liver,spleen,and bone marrow.Diagnosis of VL is currently based on clinical signs,symptoms,and specific in-vitro markers and bone marrow investigations.However,VL's specific hematological and bone marrow manifestation in Sudanese pediatric patients is not well studied.AIM To examine the blood and bone marrow characteristics in pediatric patients from Sudan who have VL.METHODS This is a retrospective hospital-based study with a sample of 107 consecutive Sudanese pediatric patients.The data focused on hematological and bone marrow results.We included only the completed records of the pediatric patients with VL in the Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital in Khartoum,Sudan from the period of 2016 to 2020.RESULTS The majority of pediatric patients included in this study are below 5-years-old(n=59,55.2%).Moreover,anemia,thrombocytopenia,and leukopenia were among the prevalent characteristics in the population under study.To further analyze the data,we developed a machine learning model using boosted forest algorithms to predict L.donovani parasites load,with a mean accuracy of 0.88 for the training dataset and an accuracy of 0.46,0.50,and 0.74 for mild,moderate,and severe L.donovani parasite load in the validation dataset.CONCLUSION This study shows that the most common bone marrow change among Sudanese VL children was increased chronic inflammatory cells(n=88,82.2%)with present macrophage hemophagocytes(n=103,96.3%).While anemia and thrombocytopenia were the most common hematological changes.These results will hopefully lead to an early diagnosis and hence better management for Sudanese pediatric patients with suspected VL.
