BACKGROUND Spinal manipulation therapy(SMT)has been widely used worldwide to treat musculoskeletal diseases,but it can cause serious adverse events.Spinal epidural hematoma(SEH)caused by SMT is a rare emergency that c...BACKGROUND Spinal manipulation therapy(SMT)has been widely used worldwide to treat musculoskeletal diseases,but it can cause serious adverse events.Spinal epidural hematoma(SEH)caused by SMT is a rare emergency that can cause neurological dysfunction.We herein report three cases of SEH after SMT.CASE SUMMARY The first case was a 30-year-old woman who experienced neck pain and numbness in both upper limbs immediately after SMT.Her symptoms persisted after 3 d of conservative treatment,and she was admitted to our hospital.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)demonstrated an SEH,extending from C6 to C7.The second case was a 55-year-old man with sudden back pain 1 d after SMT,numbness in both lower limbs,an inability to stand or walk,and difficulty urinating.MRI revealed an SEH,extending from T1 to T3.The third case was a 28-year-old man who suddenly developed symptoms of numbness in both lower limbs 4 h after SMT.He was unable to stand or walk and experienced mild back pain.MRI revealed an SEH,extending from T1 to T2.All three patients underwent surgery after failed conservative treatment.The three cases recovered to ASIA grade E on day 5,1 wk,and day 10 after surgery,respectively.All patients returned to normal after 3 mo of follow-up.CONCLUSION SEH caused by SMT is very rare,and the condition of each patient should be evaluated in full detail before operation.SEH should be diagnosed immediately and actively treated by surgery.展开更多
This study was a retrospective analysis of outcome of surgically treated acute traumatic epidural hematomas based on the Glasgow coma scale. The series enrolled forty-six consecutive cases of acute traumatic epidural ...This study was a retrospective analysis of outcome of surgically treated acute traumatic epidural hematomas based on the Glasgow coma scale. The series enrolled forty-six consecutive cases of acute traumatic epidural hematomas. The mean age of patients was 29.56 years and 63.04% of the patients were between 21 and 30 years of age. Forty-tree out of 46 (93.47%) of the patients were males. Road traffic crash was the main mode of injury. The severity of the traumatic brain injury was classified according to the Glasgow coma scale score at admission. The injury was mild or moderate in 35 (76.08%) cases and severe in 11. Eight patients (17.39%) presented with pupillary abnormalities. The computed tomography scanning of the head has objectivized the epidural hematoma in all patients and has shown a mass effect with midline shift in all but one case (45/46). The most frequent surgical procedure done was craniotomy. Six (13.04%) patients died (GOS 1), but 38 (82.60%) recovered fully (GOS 5) and two (04.34%) were disabled but independent (GOS 4). The Glasgow coma score at admission was very predictive for good or poor outcome, since all patients but one who died and all survivors who were disabled were comatose at admission (GCS ≤ 8).展开更多
This study is a retrospective analysis of demographic, clinical, radiological and outcome data of surgically treated acute traumatic epidural hematomas. Forty-six consecutive cases of epidural hematomas were operated ...This study is a retrospective analysis of demographic, clinical, radiological and outcome data of surgically treated acute traumatic epidural hematomas. Forty-six consecutive cases of epidural hematomas were operated at the University Hospital Center of Yaoundé, Cameroon, between February 2006 and December 2013. The mean age was 29.56 years and63.04% of patients were between 21 and 30 years. Almost 94% of patients were males. Thirty-five percent of patients were motorcycle riders. Road traffic accident was the cause in 70% of cases. Mean time between head trauma and surgical evacuation was 78 hours. Head trauma was moderate in 52.17%. Initial loss of consciousness was found in 78.26% and lucid interval in 65.23%. Seventy-four percent of patients had signs of intracranial hypertension on admission, 35% had at least one neurologic focal sign and 50% had a scalp wound. Eight patients (17.39%) presented with unilateral or bilateral mydriasis. On computed tomography, the hematoma was on the left side in 60.86% of patients and frontal-parietal location was the most frequent. Computed tomography showed mass effect in 97.82% of patients. The most frequent surgical procedure was craniotomy. Six (13.04%) patients died, but 82.60% recovered fully (GOS 5). In Cameroon, traumatic acute epidural hematoma affects primarily healthy young men in their twenties and thirties. Road traffic accidents are the main etiology. Most patients had moderate head trauma and presented with intracranial hypertension. Early surgery is rarely done. Nevertheless, even with delayed surgery, most patients have good outcome.展开更多
BACKGROUND While most complications of cervical surgery are reversible,some,such as symptomatic postoperative spinal epidural hematoma(SEH),which generally occurs within 24 h,are associated with increased morbidity an...BACKGROUND While most complications of cervical surgery are reversible,some,such as symptomatic postoperative spinal epidural hematoma(SEH),which generally occurs within 24 h,are associated with increased morbidity and mortality.Delayed neurological dysfunction is diagnosed in cases when symptoms present>3 d postoperatively.Owing to its rarity,the risk factors for delayed neurological dysfunction are unclear.Consequently,this condition can result in irreversible neurological deficits and serious consequences.In this paper,we present a case of postoperative SEH that developed three days after hematoma evacuation.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man with an American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)grade C injury was admitted to our hospital with neck pain and tetraplegia following a fall.The C3-C7 posterior laminectomy and the lateral mass screw fixation surgery were performed on the tenth day.Postoperatively,the patient showed no changes in muscle strength or ASIA grade.The patient experienced neck pain and subcutaneous swelling on the third day postoperatively,his muscle strength decreased,and his ASIA score was grade A.Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypointense signals on T1 weighted image(T1WI)and T2WI located behind the epidural space,with spinal cord compression.Emergency surgical intervention for the hematoma was performed 12 h after onset.Although hypoproteinemia and pleural effusion did not improve in the perioperative period,the patient recovered to ASIA grade C on day 30 after surgery,and was transferred to a functional rehabilitation exercise unit.CONCLUSION This case shows that amelioration of low blood albumin and pleural effusion is an important aspect of the perioperative management of cervical surgery.Surgery to relieve the pressure on the spinal cord should be performed as soon as possible to decrease neurological disabilities.展开更多
目的:系统评价颈椎手术患者术后发生硬膜外血肿的相关危险因素。方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang)、维普数据库(VIP)和中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM),自...目的:系统评价颈椎手术患者术后发生硬膜外血肿的相关危险因素。方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang)、维普数据库(VIP)和中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM),自建库至2023年4月公开发表的有关颈椎手术患者术后发生硬膜外血肿的回顾性或前瞻性研究,2名评价者分别按照纳入与排除标准对所获文献进行文献筛选,采用NOS量表进行质量评价,提纳取入文献的基本信息,包括年龄、性别及体质指数(body mass index,BMI)以及与颈椎术后硬膜外血肿发生相关研究因素(如手术节段、是否合并后纵韧带骨化、手术时间、糖尿病史、高血压病史、吸烟史、非甾体抗炎药的使用以及实验室相关指标等),通过RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。采用漏斗图对纳入的研究进行偏倚风险分析。结果:共纳入12篇文献,纳入文献的NOS质量评分均在6~8分,其中11篇为高质量研究,1篇为中质量研究。Meta分析显示:男性[比值比(odds ratio,OR)=2.84,95%可信区间(confidence interval,CI)(1.73,4.67),P<0.0001]、BMI>24kg/m^(2)[OR=8.50,95%CI(2.56,25.24),P=0.0005]、多手术节段(手术节段≥2)[OR=2.26,95%CI(1.42,3.59),P=0.0005]、手术时长>2h[OR=1.46,95%CI(1.08,1.97),P=0.01]、术前服用非甾体类抗炎药物[OR=3.60,95%CI(1.00,12.99),P=0.05]是颈椎术后发生硬膜外血肿的危险因素。采用漏斗图对纳入文献最多的影响因素手术节段及术中出血量进行发表偏倚检验结果显示手术节段不存在发表偏倚,而术后出血量存在部分发表偏倚。结论:男性、BMI过大、多节段手术、手术时间长、术前服用非甾体类抗炎类药物等是颈椎术后SEH发生的危险因素。展开更多
基金Supported by Chinese People’s Liberation Army Medical Technology Youth Training Program,No.20QNPY071.
文摘BACKGROUND Spinal manipulation therapy(SMT)has been widely used worldwide to treat musculoskeletal diseases,but it can cause serious adverse events.Spinal epidural hematoma(SEH)caused by SMT is a rare emergency that can cause neurological dysfunction.We herein report three cases of SEH after SMT.CASE SUMMARY The first case was a 30-year-old woman who experienced neck pain and numbness in both upper limbs immediately after SMT.Her symptoms persisted after 3 d of conservative treatment,and she was admitted to our hospital.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)demonstrated an SEH,extending from C6 to C7.The second case was a 55-year-old man with sudden back pain 1 d after SMT,numbness in both lower limbs,an inability to stand or walk,and difficulty urinating.MRI revealed an SEH,extending from T1 to T3.The third case was a 28-year-old man who suddenly developed symptoms of numbness in both lower limbs 4 h after SMT.He was unable to stand or walk and experienced mild back pain.MRI revealed an SEH,extending from T1 to T2.All three patients underwent surgery after failed conservative treatment.The three cases recovered to ASIA grade E on day 5,1 wk,and day 10 after surgery,respectively.All patients returned to normal after 3 mo of follow-up.CONCLUSION SEH caused by SMT is very rare,and the condition of each patient should be evaluated in full detail before operation.SEH should be diagnosed immediately and actively treated by surgery.
文摘This study was a retrospective analysis of outcome of surgically treated acute traumatic epidural hematomas based on the Glasgow coma scale. The series enrolled forty-six consecutive cases of acute traumatic epidural hematomas. The mean age of patients was 29.56 years and 63.04% of the patients were between 21 and 30 years of age. Forty-tree out of 46 (93.47%) of the patients were males. Road traffic crash was the main mode of injury. The severity of the traumatic brain injury was classified according to the Glasgow coma scale score at admission. The injury was mild or moderate in 35 (76.08%) cases and severe in 11. Eight patients (17.39%) presented with pupillary abnormalities. The computed tomography scanning of the head has objectivized the epidural hematoma in all patients and has shown a mass effect with midline shift in all but one case (45/46). The most frequent surgical procedure done was craniotomy. Six (13.04%) patients died (GOS 1), but 38 (82.60%) recovered fully (GOS 5) and two (04.34%) were disabled but independent (GOS 4). The Glasgow coma score at admission was very predictive for good or poor outcome, since all patients but one who died and all survivors who were disabled were comatose at admission (GCS ≤ 8).
文摘This study is a retrospective analysis of demographic, clinical, radiological and outcome data of surgically treated acute traumatic epidural hematomas. Forty-six consecutive cases of epidural hematomas were operated at the University Hospital Center of Yaoundé, Cameroon, between February 2006 and December 2013. The mean age was 29.56 years and63.04% of patients were between 21 and 30 years. Almost 94% of patients were males. Thirty-five percent of patients were motorcycle riders. Road traffic accident was the cause in 70% of cases. Mean time between head trauma and surgical evacuation was 78 hours. Head trauma was moderate in 52.17%. Initial loss of consciousness was found in 78.26% and lucid interval in 65.23%. Seventy-four percent of patients had signs of intracranial hypertension on admission, 35% had at least one neurologic focal sign and 50% had a scalp wound. Eight patients (17.39%) presented with unilateral or bilateral mydriasis. On computed tomography, the hematoma was on the left side in 60.86% of patients and frontal-parietal location was the most frequent. Computed tomography showed mass effect in 97.82% of patients. The most frequent surgical procedure was craniotomy. Six (13.04%) patients died, but 82.60% recovered fully (GOS 5). In Cameroon, traumatic acute epidural hematoma affects primarily healthy young men in their twenties and thirties. Road traffic accidents are the main etiology. Most patients had moderate head trauma and presented with intracranial hypertension. Early surgery is rarely done. Nevertheless, even with delayed surgery, most patients have good outcome.
文摘BACKGROUND While most complications of cervical surgery are reversible,some,such as symptomatic postoperative spinal epidural hematoma(SEH),which generally occurs within 24 h,are associated with increased morbidity and mortality.Delayed neurological dysfunction is diagnosed in cases when symptoms present>3 d postoperatively.Owing to its rarity,the risk factors for delayed neurological dysfunction are unclear.Consequently,this condition can result in irreversible neurological deficits and serious consequences.In this paper,we present a case of postoperative SEH that developed three days after hematoma evacuation.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man with an American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)grade C injury was admitted to our hospital with neck pain and tetraplegia following a fall.The C3-C7 posterior laminectomy and the lateral mass screw fixation surgery were performed on the tenth day.Postoperatively,the patient showed no changes in muscle strength or ASIA grade.The patient experienced neck pain and subcutaneous swelling on the third day postoperatively,his muscle strength decreased,and his ASIA score was grade A.Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypointense signals on T1 weighted image(T1WI)and T2WI located behind the epidural space,with spinal cord compression.Emergency surgical intervention for the hematoma was performed 12 h after onset.Although hypoproteinemia and pleural effusion did not improve in the perioperative period,the patient recovered to ASIA grade C on day 30 after surgery,and was transferred to a functional rehabilitation exercise unit.CONCLUSION This case shows that amelioration of low blood albumin and pleural effusion is an important aspect of the perioperative management of cervical surgery.Surgery to relieve the pressure on the spinal cord should be performed as soon as possible to decrease neurological disabilities.
文摘目的:系统评价颈椎手术患者术后发生硬膜外血肿的相关危险因素。方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang)、维普数据库(VIP)和中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM),自建库至2023年4月公开发表的有关颈椎手术患者术后发生硬膜外血肿的回顾性或前瞻性研究,2名评价者分别按照纳入与排除标准对所获文献进行文献筛选,采用NOS量表进行质量评价,提纳取入文献的基本信息,包括年龄、性别及体质指数(body mass index,BMI)以及与颈椎术后硬膜外血肿发生相关研究因素(如手术节段、是否合并后纵韧带骨化、手术时间、糖尿病史、高血压病史、吸烟史、非甾体抗炎药的使用以及实验室相关指标等),通过RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。采用漏斗图对纳入的研究进行偏倚风险分析。结果:共纳入12篇文献,纳入文献的NOS质量评分均在6~8分,其中11篇为高质量研究,1篇为中质量研究。Meta分析显示:男性[比值比(odds ratio,OR)=2.84,95%可信区间(confidence interval,CI)(1.73,4.67),P<0.0001]、BMI>24kg/m^(2)[OR=8.50,95%CI(2.56,25.24),P=0.0005]、多手术节段(手术节段≥2)[OR=2.26,95%CI(1.42,3.59),P=0.0005]、手术时长>2h[OR=1.46,95%CI(1.08,1.97),P=0.01]、术前服用非甾体类抗炎药物[OR=3.60,95%CI(1.00,12.99),P=0.05]是颈椎术后发生硬膜外血肿的危险因素。采用漏斗图对纳入文献最多的影响因素手术节段及术中出血量进行发表偏倚检验结果显示手术节段不存在发表偏倚,而术后出血量存在部分发表偏倚。结论:男性、BMI过大、多节段手术、手术时间长、术前服用非甾体类抗炎类药物等是颈椎术后SEH发生的危险因素。
