DEAR EDITOR, Hemorrhagic septicemia is an acute, highly fatal disease that affects goldfish (Carassius auratus). To gain a better understanding of related immune genes, the transcriptomes of the skin and head kidney o...DEAR EDITOR, Hemorrhagic septicemia is an acute, highly fatal disease that affects goldfish (Carassius auratus). To gain a better understanding of related immune genes, the transcriptomes of the skin and head kidney of goldfish suffering hemorrhagic septicemia were sequeneed, assembled, and characterized.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to establish pyrosequencing methods for detecting viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus （VHSV）. [ Method ] One pair of PCR primers and one pyrosequencing primer of VHSV were designed. The pyro...[Objective] The paper was to establish pyrosequencing methods for detecting viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus （VHSV）. [ Method ] One pair of PCR primers and one pyrosequencing primer of VHSV were designed. The pyrosequencing reaction system and conditions were optimized and the pyrosequencing method for detecting VHSV was established. [ Result] This method was only able to specifically detect the objective viruses in the eight fish viruses, and the method had the advantage of high sensitivity. The minimum detectable limit of nucleic acid was 82 copies/μL. The method was verified by detecting VHSV in 1 924 batches of samples collected from domestic and imported fishes. The detection results were consistent with that of traditional RT-PCR, and the specificity and sensitivity of the method could meet the detection requirement for aquatic animal diseases. [ Conclusion] The study provides a new detection method for monitoring and prevention and control of aquatic animal virus diseases.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Xingnaojing injection(XNJ) is an extracts of Angong Niuhuang Pill that is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of septicemia and stroke.This study aims to investigate the effect o...OBJECTIVE Xingnaojing injection(XNJ) is an extracts of Angong Niuhuang Pill that is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of septicemia and stroke.This study aims to investigate the effect of XNJ on intestinal mucosal barrier in septicemia and intracerebral hem.orrhage(ICH) mice models.METHODS The septicemia mice models were induced by intravenous in.jection with lipopolysaccharide(20 mg·kg^(-1)).And the ICH mice models were made by intrastriatal injec.tion of bacterial collagenase.The septicemia animals were treated intravenously with XNJ at dose of2.5,5,10,or 15 mL·kg^(-1).The ICH animals were treated intravenously with XNJ at dose of 10 mL·kg^(-1).Thereafter,the permeability of intestinal mucosa was assayed by FITC-D method.RESULTS Com.pared with the control group(44.72±4.30),the permeability of intestinal mucosa in the mice in septice.mia group(233.68±28.18) was significantly increased(P<0.01).Treatment with XNJ at dose of 5,10,and 15 mL·kg^(-1) reduced the permeability of intestinal mucosa(150.45±17.52,139.21±17.05,132.55±18.88,respectively,P<0.01) except 2.5 mL·kg^(-1)(240.71±21.42,P>0.01);Compared with sham group(57.88±7.31),the permeability of intestinal mucosa in the mice of ICH(282.25±23.78) was significantly in.creased(P<0.01).Treatment with XNJ(10 mL·kg^(-1)) in the mice of ICH group ameliorated the change of permeability in intestinal mucosa(148.83±15.86,P<0.01).CONCLUSION XNJ exhibits the protec.tive effect on the intestinal mucosal barrier in septicemia and ICH,which will prevent the endotoxin to penetrate the intestinal mucosa and then to enter the circulation in infections and stress.展开更多
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus(VHSV), belonging to the genus Novirhabdovirus, Rhabdoviridae family, is a causative agent of high mortality in fish and has caused significant losses to the aquaculture industry. Cur...Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus(VHSV), belonging to the genus Novirhabdovirus, Rhabdoviridae family, is a causative agent of high mortality in fish and has caused significant losses to the aquaculture industry. Currently, no effective vaccines, Food and Drug Administration-approved inhibitors, or other therapeutic intervention options are available against VHSV. α-Lipoic Acid(LA), a potent antioxidant, has been proposed to have antiviral effects against different viruses. In this study, LA(CC_(50)= 472.6 lmol/L) was repurposed to exhibit antiviral activity against VHSV. In fathead minnow cells,LA significantly increased the cell viability post-VHSV infection(EC_(50)= 42.7 lmol/L), and exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on VHSV induced-plaque, cytopathic effects, and VHSV glycoprotein expression. The time-of-addition assay suggested that the antiviral activity of LA occurred at viral replication stage. Survival assay revealed that LA could significantly upregulated the survival rate of VHSV-infected largemouth bass in both co-injection(38.095% vs. 1.887%,P < 0.01) and post-injection manner(38.813% vs. 8.696%, P < 0.01) compared with the control group. Additional comparative transcriptome and q RT-PCR analysis revealed LA treatment upregulated the expression of several antiviral genes, such as IRF7, Viperin, and ISG15. Moreover, LA treatment reduced VHSV-induced reactive oxygen species production in addition to Nrf2 and SOD1 expression. Taken together, these data demonstrated that LA suppressed VHSV replication by inducing antiviral genes expression and reducing VHSV-induced oxidative stress. These results suggest a new direction in the development of potential antiviral candidate drugs against VHSV infection.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Key Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation of Blue Granary(2018YFD0901505)
文摘DEAR EDITOR, Hemorrhagic septicemia is an acute, highly fatal disease that affects goldfish (Carassius auratus). To gain a better understanding of related immune genes, the transcriptomes of the skin and head kidney of goldfish suffering hemorrhagic septicemia were sequeneed, assembled, and characterized.
基金Supported by the Twelfth Five-Year Support Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2013BAD12B02)Science and Technology Project of State General Administration of the People’s Republic of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine(2015IK195)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to establish pyrosequencing methods for detecting viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus （VHSV）. [ Method ] One pair of PCR primers and one pyrosequencing primer of VHSV were designed. The pyrosequencing reaction system and conditions were optimized and the pyrosequencing method for detecting VHSV was established. [ Result] This method was only able to specifically detect the objective viruses in the eight fish viruses, and the method had the advantage of high sensitivity. The minimum detectable limit of nucleic acid was 82 copies/μL. The method was verified by detecting VHSV in 1 924 batches of samples collected from domestic and imported fishes. The detection results were consistent with that of traditional RT-PCR, and the specificity and sensitivity of the method could meet the detection requirement for aquatic animal diseases. [ Conclusion] The study provides a new detection method for monitoring and prevention and control of aquatic animal virus diseases.
文摘OBJECTIVE Xingnaojing injection(XNJ) is an extracts of Angong Niuhuang Pill that is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of septicemia and stroke.This study aims to investigate the effect of XNJ on intestinal mucosal barrier in septicemia and intracerebral hem.orrhage(ICH) mice models.METHODS The septicemia mice models were induced by intravenous in.jection with lipopolysaccharide(20 mg·kg^(-1)).And the ICH mice models were made by intrastriatal injec.tion of bacterial collagenase.The septicemia animals were treated intravenously with XNJ at dose of2.5,5,10,or 15 mL·kg^(-1).The ICH animals were treated intravenously with XNJ at dose of 10 mL·kg^(-1).Thereafter,the permeability of intestinal mucosa was assayed by FITC-D method.RESULTS Com.pared with the control group(44.72±4.30),the permeability of intestinal mucosa in the mice in septice.mia group(233.68±28.18) was significantly increased(P<0.01).Treatment with XNJ at dose of 5,10,and 15 mL·kg^(-1) reduced the permeability of intestinal mucosa(150.45±17.52,139.21±17.05,132.55±18.88,respectively,P<0.01) except 2.5 mL·kg^(-1)(240.71±21.42,P>0.01);Compared with sham group(57.88±7.31),the permeability of intestinal mucosa in the mice of ICH(282.25±23.78) was significantly in.creased(P<0.01).Treatment with XNJ(10 mL·kg^(-1)) in the mice of ICH group ameliorated the change of permeability in intestinal mucosa(148.83±15.86,P<0.01).CONCLUSION XNJ exhibits the protec.tive effect on the intestinal mucosal barrier in septicemia and ICH,which will prevent the endotoxin to penetrate the intestinal mucosa and then to enter the circulation in infections and stress.
基金This work was supported by the Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(201806010047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771587)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus(VHSV), belonging to the genus Novirhabdovirus, Rhabdoviridae family, is a causative agent of high mortality in fish and has caused significant losses to the aquaculture industry. Currently, no effective vaccines, Food and Drug Administration-approved inhibitors, or other therapeutic intervention options are available against VHSV. α-Lipoic Acid(LA), a potent antioxidant, has been proposed to have antiviral effects against different viruses. In this study, LA(CC_(50)= 472.6 lmol/L) was repurposed to exhibit antiviral activity against VHSV. In fathead minnow cells,LA significantly increased the cell viability post-VHSV infection(EC_(50)= 42.7 lmol/L), and exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on VHSV induced-plaque, cytopathic effects, and VHSV glycoprotein expression. The time-of-addition assay suggested that the antiviral activity of LA occurred at viral replication stage. Survival assay revealed that LA could significantly upregulated the survival rate of VHSV-infected largemouth bass in both co-injection(38.095% vs. 1.887%,P < 0.01) and post-injection manner(38.813% vs. 8.696%, P < 0.01) compared with the control group. Additional comparative transcriptome and q RT-PCR analysis revealed LA treatment upregulated the expression of several antiviral genes, such as IRF7, Viperin, and ISG15. Moreover, LA treatment reduced VHSV-induced reactive oxygen species production in addition to Nrf2 and SOD1 expression. Taken together, these data demonstrated that LA suppressed VHSV replication by inducing antiviral genes expression and reducing VHSV-induced oxidative stress. These results suggest a new direction in the development of potential antiviral candidate drugs against VHSV infection.
