On the Experience, Problems in Science and Technology Services of Basic Scientific Research Institutes and Suggestions——Taking Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of Jiangsu as an Example

Taking the Jiangsu Province as Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of an example, the paper elaborated the advanced practices of agricultural research institutes in agricultural science and technology services and analyzed the difficulties and solutions in the services. process of science and technologyservices.

Practice and Reflection on the Science and Technology Propaganda Work of Agricultural Research Institutes in the New Era : A Case Study of Changli Pomology Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences

Taking Changli Fruit Tree Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences as an example,starting from the importance of strengthening scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes,the current situation of scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes is analyzed in this paper.In response to the problems of lack of targeted evaluation mechanism,lack of distinctive publicity forms,and weak news sensitivity of science and technology propaganda workers in agricultural research institutions,strategies such as establishing a scientific and standardized evaluation system,improving incentive policies,deeply exploring propaganda content,leveraging the joint advantages of new and traditional media,and cultivating and training science and technology propaganda teams are proposed.

Campus Landscape and Campus Culture of Henan University of Science and Technology

Due to the differences in disciplines and regional cultural spirits,the campus landscape of Chinese universities has varying cultural connotations.Campus landscape is not only a reflection of regional school history and culture,but also a potential factor affecting students'ideology and values.At present,some colleges and universities in China only concern and consider the visual impact effect of campus landscape construction,while others take landscape planning and construction as an accessory of the main building,which seriously affects the soul guiding role of campus culture in campus landscape.The internal and external landscape pattern of Henan University of Science and Technology with landscape road and water system as the framework,as well as core scenic spots with rich cultural connotations,such as“Peony Dinghu map”,“Yueqin Lake”,embody the university history and culture,the characteristics of western Henan architecture and the specific campus culture positioning,providing a stark example for landscape planning and design of other colleges and universities in the future.

Meru University of Science and Technology Research Ethics Review System: A SWOT Analysis

The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (MIRERC), 3) to perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of MIRERC, and 4) to make recommendations for improving its performance. The 13-member multi-disciplinary MIRERC was established in April 2017 to provide effective ethical oversight of research undertaken by the University’s scholarly community. Strengths of the MUST research ethics review system include a functional MIRERC, a pertinent national law and ethical guidelines, an Innovation and Enterprise Centre that could house a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, and a supportive University Management Board. The weaknesses include lack of graduate schools to assure scientific rigor of proposals before submission to the MIRERC, lack of research ethics training in most school’s curricula, absence of a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, undergraduate research proposals being not ethically reviewed, dearth of faculty trained in research ethics, and lack of an operating budget for MIRERC work. The opportunities include existence of about 22 accredited Institutional Research Ethics Review Committees (IRERC) in Kenya, existence of international standards and operational guidance for ethics review, availability of guidelines and codes of best ethical practices in research, existence of a free automated platform called Research for Health Innovation Organizer (RHInnO) Ethics for managing the ethics review process, and availability of external resources for strengthening IRERCs. In order to improve the performance and sustainability of the MUST research ethics system, there is need to include research ethics training in all undergraduate and post-graduate curricula, create a dynamic database of potential research ethics reviewers, allocate a percentage of the annual MUST research budget for MIRERC operations, charge a graduated fee for proposal ethics review, require all students’ and faculties’ internal and external research proposals be cleared by the MIRERC, and use the RHInnO Ethics platform to manage the ethics review process.

Epitome of Research on the History of Science and Technology in China:A Review of the Book Series History of Science and Technology in Pre-Modern China in Comparison with Needham’s Science and Civilisation in China

The early twenty-first century witnessed the publication of the book series Zhongguo kexue jishu shi中国科学技术史(History of science and technology in pre-modern China),which was initiated and organized by the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and compiled by a multitude of Chinese scholars.In comparison with Science and Civilisation in China by Dr.Joseph Needham,Zhongguo kexue jishu shi is superior in the layout characteristics,literature collection,research and explication,field investigation,and simulation experiments.

Thoughts on the Professional Training of Scientific and Technological Management Team of High-level Talents in Provincial Agricultural Research Institutes

From two aspects:the composition of scientific research management institutions and the tasks undertaken by scientific research management departments,the present situation of scientific and technological management team in agricultural research institutes is expounded.Some problems existed in the scientific and technological management team of provincial agricultural research institutes are analyzed,such as uneven knowledge structure of scientific research management personnel,low degree of specialization,poor stability,lack of professional and systematic job training,etc.Professional development countermeasures are proposed,such as optimizing the structure of scientific research management team,establishing a professional management system with the characteristics of agricultural scientific research institutions,formulating corresponding evaluation mechanism for scientific research management personnel,and strengthening the training of agricultural scientific research management personnel.

Graft Polymerization of Acrylic Acid and Acrylamide onto BOPET Corona Films

The graft polymerization of acrylic acid(A) and acrylamide(B) was carried out onto bi-oriented polyester BOPET corona film.The influence of monomer concentration,reducer concentration and reaction time on the graft polymerization was investigated.The surface tension of the films increased with an increase of monomer concentration,till the concentration of monomer A reached 1.5×10^(-2)g/mL and the concentration of monomer B reached 4.0×10^(-2)g/mL.The surface tension of the films reached a maximum value at 7×10^(-4)M of reducer concentration and subsequently decreased with further increase in reducer concentration.The surface tension of the films increased with the increase of the reaction time apparently within 50min.The grafted corona BOPET films were characterized with IR and XPS.The presence of graft on the film surface was confirmed.The attenuation experiments on grafted corona BOPET films in air at 50℃ and in water were carried out to investigate the persistence of graft polymerization of acrylic acid and arylamide onto BOPET corona films.

The 100 kt/a Package Technology for Manufacture of Propylene Oxide through Oxidation of Propylene by H_2O_2 Passed Appraisal

On November 23, 2018 the project -“Development of an 100 kt/a package technology for manufacture of propylene oxide via oxidation of propylene by hydrogen peroxide”, being one of the ten key task projects envisaged in the SINOPEC’s plan to be jointly undertaken by SINOPEC's five Institutions, including the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP) and the SINOPEC Changling Branch Company, had passed the technical appraisal organized by the Science and Technology Division of Sinopec Corp. following the successful realization of the set targets.

农业科研院所科技成果转化路径探索——以新疆农业科学院为例

农业科研院所作为农业科技成果的摇篮,其科技成果转化情况关系着区域农业经济的高质量发展。文章以新疆农业科学院为例,分析了当前农业科技成果产出和转化情况,找出影响农业科技成果转化发展的关键问题,从成果源头创新、政策体系建设、专项资金支持、转化平台建设、专业队伍建设和丰富转化方式六个方面提出了农业科研院所“六强化、六保障”的科技成果转化路径,以期加快推进农业科技成果转化。

构建推动新质生产力加快发展的制度框架

从人类社会生产力发展的历史来看,新质生产力本质上是先进生产力的一种质态。如果说新兴生产力的发展是对人类体力劳动的替代和解放的话,那么新质生产力则是在一定程度上对人类脑力劳动的替代和解放,因此将极大地提高社会生产力发展的水平。新质生产力的发展是一个过程,需要原创性、颠覆性科技创新与新质产业发展协同并进、共同发力。为推动新质生产力加快发展,需要建立和完善“顶层设计—战略规划—政策支持—制度保障”的多层次制度框架。在顶层设计层面,以新型举国体制推动原创性、颠覆性科技创新;在战略规划层面,从国家战略高度谋划布局,在国际竞争中抢占先机;在政策支持层面,金融支持、财政补贴和税收优惠等相互配合、协同发力;在制度保障层面,推动教育、科技、人才等领域的体制机制改革与分配体制和社会保障制度的完善。

辽宁省科技成果转化存在的问题及对策研究

在国家创新驱动的发展国策下,科技成果转化日益成为促进区域经济发展的重要引擎,党和国家的政策也明确指出了科技创新和经济相结合的发展方向,因此,科技成果转化作为两者的结合点被提上了日程,成为制约区域经济发展的重要环节。然而,辽宁在科技资源分配及产学研协调沟通机制上存在不足,导致辽宁科技创新成果的本地转化率并不高,这在一定程度上限制了辽宁经济的增长。基于此,本文通过梳理科技创新价值链和科技成果转化过程研究,剖析辽宁省科技成果转化存在的问题,并根据辽宁的实际情况和区域特色,构建具有辽宁地方特色的科技成果转化模式,期望能够引领地区产业发展,提高区域科技创新能力,有效促进科技成果本地转化。

创新链视角下地方公益农业类科研机构创新效率测度研究

文章基于创新链理论,将公益农业类科研机构划分为科技研发阶段和成果转化阶段,采用DEA-Malquist指数法测算2011—2020年21家福建省属公益农业类科研机构不同阶段科技创新效率。结果表明:10年间,科技研发阶段和成果转化阶段的创新效率均表现为退步状态,科技研发阶段创新效率下降5.10%,成果转化阶段下降3.20%,可见两阶段均有较大提升空间;21家机构不同阶段创新效率差距明显,47.62%的机构科技研发效率处于退步状态,创新指数最大差距达0.756,38.10%的机构成果转化效率处于退步状态,创新指数最大差距达0.919;机构创新发展模式差距大,23.81%为集约型,9.52%为粗放型,28.57%为研发高效-转化低效型,38.10%为研发低效-转化高效型。在此基础上,结合加快推进科技政策创新、科技体制改革等外部因素,引导机构形成学科布局、技术积累与产业经济发展格局相适应科研组织模式等内部因素,分类提出有针对性的对策建议。

河南省职务科技成果赋权改革实践与思考

文章分析了河南省职务科技成果赋权改革基本情况,总结了河南省职务科技成果赋权改革工作取得的阶段性成效,如健全管理机制、建立激励机制、梳理赋权清单、建立负面清单、简化赋权流程等,阐述了河南省职务科技成果赋权改革实践,分析了河南省职务科技成果赋权改革中存在的问题,并从持续强化顶层设计、加大政策宣讲力度、创新职务科技成果赋权模式、创新科技成果转化管理制度及决策机制等方面提出了深化职务科技成果改革的对策建议。

中原农谷打造农业科技创新高地的实践探索

河南是农业大省,在保障国家粮食安全和稳定农产品有效供给中发挥着重要作用。2022年以来,河南省以新乡市平原示范区为核心,规划建设中原农谷,奋力打造国家农业科技创新高地,推动全省农业产业高质量发展。文章总结了近3年来河南建设中原农谷的探索实践,分析了国内外农业科技创新和产业优势地区的成功经验和做法,总结出政府驱动、科学规划、聚焦区域优势和特色产业、全产业链发展、产学研用贯通的建设发展思路,并针对当前中原农谷建设中存在的问题,提出了强化政府引导、构建协同高效创新生态、打造中原农谷现代农业产业集群、营造开放包容创新创业环境等中原农谷加速打造农业科技创新高地的建议,以促进中原农谷快速成长、成熟。

科技创新引领地方特色农业发展的实践与思考——以河南省农业科学院与西峡县“院县共建”为例

文章以河南省农业科学院与西峡县院县共建现代农业科技综合示范县为例,详细分析了西峡县三大农业特色产业发展中存在的问题,如品种更新速度慢、标准化种植水平低、产业链条短等,系统总结了科技引领西峡县农业产业发展的主要做法及取得的成效,如引进筛选新品种、推广标准化生产技术、延伸产业链条等,并从搭建科技成果转移转化快速通道、构建全周期技术服务长效机制、创建多形态“三产”融合模式、组建多元化科技创新联合体等方面提出了助力西峡县特色产业发展的思路,为农业强省建设贡献西峡力量。

新时代背景下新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体制机制研究

高效的管理运行体制机制是保障和助推科技成果转化的关键。文章在进行典型农业科研院校调研的基础上,分析了当前新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体制机制现状,查找出其在运行中存在的问题,结合国内外经验和做法,对新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体制机制进行优化,形成以市场需求为导向的科技成果创新机制、以企业发展需求为导向的协同转化机制、以知识价值为导向的成果转化激励机制、以风险防范为导向的政策服务保障机制和以成果转化为目标的人才队伍建设机制等,以进一步完善新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体系,为农业新质生产力推动农业产业发展提供保障。

我国新质生产力的赋能逻辑——市场有效与政府有为

新一轮科技革命与产业变革方兴未艾,大国竞争不断升级,发达经济体纷纷加大了产业政策实施力度,旨在促进前沿科技创新和未来产业发展,抢占制高点。面对严峻复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务,习近平总书记创造性地提出发展新质生产力的重要论断。促进新质生产力的发展需要构建与之相匹配的新型生产关系,进一步推动制度、体制、机制系统集成式改革,在发挥市场配置资源决定性作用的同时更好发挥政府的作用。政府和市场赋能新质生产力不可能是简单的线性关系。如何发挥好政府和市场两种力量不断为发展新质生产力赋能亟须系统性研究。鉴于此,本文从理论逻辑、历史逻辑和实践逻辑3个方面来阐释市场有效与政府有为共同为新质生产力赋能的内在逻辑,并提出相应的建议。

科技情报机构的智库功能

[目的/意义]支撑决策是科技情报工作的重要使命,当前科技情报机构正积极探索发挥科技智库功能的转型路径。[方法/过程]本文采用文献调查、案例比较等方法,深入分析科技情报机构智库功能的基础条件、典型做法,结合工作实际总结发挥好智库功能的实践逻辑和实现路径。[结果/结论]本文原创提出做好支撑决策的情报研究工作可以遵循的实践逻辑:坚持“从零散转化为结构,从结构整合为系统,从系统升华到体系”的层次渐进认知,贯通“感知-监测-理解-分析-预判”的实践路径,循环迭代,贴近乃至契合决策咨询需求。