Risk factors for intussusception in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura:A case-control study

BACKGROUND The etiology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)with intussusception remains undefined.AIM To investigate the risk factors for intussusception in children with HSP and gastrointestinal(GI)involvement.METHODS Sixty children with HSP and concomitant intussusception admitted to the Beijing Children’s Hospital of Capital Medical University between January 2006 and December 2018 were enrolled in this study.One hundred pediatric patients with HSP and GI involvement but without intussusception,admitted to the same hospital during the same period,were randomly selected as a control group.The baseline clinical characteristics of all patients,including sex,age of onset,duration of disease,clinical manifestations,laboratory test results,and treatments provided,were assessed.Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify possible risk factors.RESULTS The 60 children in the intussusception group comprised 27 girls(45%)and 33 boys(55%)and the 100 children in the non-intussusception group comprised 62 girls(62%)and 38 boys(38%).The median age of all patients were 6 years and 5 mo.Univariate and multiple regression analyses revealed age at onset,not receiving glucocorticoid therapy within 72 h of emergence of GI symptoms,hematochezia,and D-dimer levels as independent risk factors for intussusception in children with HSP(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The four independent risk factors for intussusception in pediatric HSP with GI involvement would be a reference for early prevention and treatment of this potentially fatal disease.

Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in children:incidence,pathogenesis and management

Background:Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)is one of the most common vasculitides in children.It is manifested by skin purpura,arthritis,abdominal pain,renal involvement,etc.Typically,HSP is considered to be self-limiting,although renal involvement(HSP purpura nephritis,HSPN)is the principal cause of morbidity from this disease.For this reason,it is important to clarify the mechanism of onset and clinical manifestations of HSPN and to ascertain the most appropriate treatment for HSPN.In this article,we review the updated pathophysiology and treatment strategies for HSPN.Data sources:We searched databases including PubMed,Elsevier and Wanfang for the folowing key words:Henoch-Schönlein purpura,nephritis,mechanism and treatment,and we selected those publications written in English that we judged to be relevant to the topic of this review.Results:Based on the data present in the literature,we reviewed the following topics:1)the possible pathogenesis of HSPN:several studies suggest that immunoglobulin A immune complexes deposit in the mesangium and induce renal injury;2)multiple-drug treatment for HSPN:although there have been few evidence-based treatment strategies for HSPN,several studies have suggested that immunosuppressive drugs and multiple drug combination therapy were effective in ameliorating proteinuria and histological severity.Conclusions:HSPN is a severe disease of childhood.To better understand this disease,detailed investigations into the pathogenesis of HSPN and prospective randomized controlled treatment studies on children with severe HSPN are needed.

Clinicopathological features and prognosis of membranoproliferative-like Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in children

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to defi ne the clinical manifestations, pathological features and prognosis of children with membranoproliferative-like Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), representing International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC) grade VI. Methods: Among 245 patients with HSPN treated in our hospital between 2008 and 2010, nine patients (3.7%) were diagnosed with HSPN of ISKDC grade VI (males=5, females=4, age: 9.5±2.03 years, mean±SD). The clinical features, laboratory and pathologicalfi ndings, treatment and outcome of the 9 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 9 patients, 7 (78%) presented with hematuria and nephrotic syndrome, and were treated with steroids (oral prednisone or intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy) and immunosuppressants (oral tripterygium glycosides or intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy). One (11%) patient had hematuria and nephrotic range proteinuria (>50 mg/kg per 24 hours) and was treated with oral prednisone and tripterygium glycosides. Another (11%) patient presented with hematuria and moderate proteinuria (25-50 mg/kg per 24 hours) and was treated with oral tripterygium glycoside only. Histopathological examination showed diffuse glomerular mesangial and endocapillary proliferation, mesangial interposition, double-contour formation, podocyte hypertrophy, shedding, and cytoplasmic absorption droplets. The percentages of glomeruli with small cellular crescents varied from 4%-25% in 6 of 9 patients. Follow-up for 2 to 4 years showed excellent recovery in all patients. Conclusions: The main clinical feature of ISKDC grade VI HSPN in children is a nephrotic syndrome with hematuria. The excellent prognosis of the disease was probably related to early diagnosis and treatment with steroids and/or immunosuppressants, and mild degree of glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial damage.

Effect of intestinal flora from children with Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura on visceral sensitivity, gastrointestinal hormones and cytokines secretion in pseudo-sterile rats

Objective:To investigate the effect of intestinal flora from Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)on visceral sensitivity,gastrointestinal hormones and cytokines in pseudo-sterile rats.Methods:The pseudo-sterile rat model was established.The rats were was given fecal microbiota solutions of children with abdominal HSP and healthy children,respectively.The visceral sensitivity was determined by abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR)which was induced by rectal balloon distention in all the rats.And serum gastrin(Gas),motilin(MTL),cholecystokinin(CCK),substance P(SP),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αand interleukin(IL)-6 levels in rats were measured with ELISA method.Results:The volume of rectum water injection under the score 3 of AWR in the rats administrated with fecal microbiota solution from HSP children(HSP group)was significantly decreased compared with that in the rats administrated with fecal microbiota solution from healthy children(HC group),and there was significant difference between these two groups(P<0.05).The serum Gas,MTL,CCK and SP levels were higher in HSP group than those in HC group.And serum MTL,CCK and SP levels in HSP group were significantly different from those in the HC group.The serum TNF-αandIL-6 levels were higher in HSP group than those in HC group,there was significant difference between these two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Intestinal flora from HSP can induce the production of visceral sensitivity,inhibit gastrointestinal hormone secretion and prompt cytokine production.

Effect of Activation of the Ca2+-Permeable Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a on Acid-Induced Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Children

Acidosis in local environment plays a critical role in cell injury. One key mediator of acidosis-induced cell injury is the acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), particularly ASIC1a. Herein, we investigated the role of ASIC1a in acid-induced vascular endothelial cell injury of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) children. Acid-induced ASIC1a, Calpain and Calcineurin expression in vascular endothelial cells pretreated with IgA1 isolated from HSP were detected by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot methods, respectively. Cell cytotoxicity was measured by interleukin-8 and nitric oxide production with ELISA. The results showed acid-induced ASIC1a, Calpain and Calcineurin expression in cells increased, especially at PH6.5. The cytotoxicity of vascular endothelial cells was increased by extracellular acidosis. Moreover non-specific or specific blockers of ASIC1a, Amiloride and PcTX-1 could remarkably decrease these parameters. These findings show that increased [Ca2+]i, mediated via ASIC1a, might contribute to acid-induced vascular endothelial cell injury of HSP.

Paroxysmal drastic abdominal pain with tardive cutaneous lesions presenting in Henoch-Schnlein purpura

Henoch-Schnlein purpura(HSP) is a small-vessel vasculitis mediated by IgA-immune complex deposition.It is characterized by the clinical tetrad of non-thrombocytopenic palpable purpura,abdominal pain,arthritis and renal involvement.The diagnosis of HSP is difficult,especially when abdominal symptoms precede cutaneous lesions.We report a rare case of paroxysmal drastic abdominal pain with gastrointestinal bleeding presented in HSP.The diagnosis was verified by renal damage and the occurrence of purpura.

Henoch-Schnlein purpura complicating adalimumab therapy for Crohn's disease

Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF) therapy has revolutionised the management of chronic inflammatory conditions.With ever increasing numbers of patients being treated with these agents,uncommon adverse reactions will inevitably occur more frequently.Cutaneous manifestations are associated with many of these chronic conditions and can complicate anti-TNF therapy in about 20% of cases.Vasculitic complications are rarely associated with anti-TNF therapy.Henoch-Schnlein purpura(HSP),a small vessel vasculitis,has been described following infliximab and etanercept therapy but never with adalimumab,a fully humanized TNF antibody.The risk of such immune-mediated reactions is theoretically less with adalimumab compared to infliximab but can still occur.Here we report the f irst case in the literature of HSP that can be attributed to the use of adalimumab in a 19-year-old male with recalcitrant Crohn's disease.

Severe Henoch-Schonlein purpura with infliximab forulcerative colitis

Infliximab （IFX） is an anti-tumor necrosis factorchimeric antibody that is effective for treatment ofautoimmune disorders such as Crohn＇s disease andulcerative colitis （UC）. IFX is well tolerated with alow incidence of adverse effects such as infections,skin reactions, autoimmunity, and malignancy.Dermatological manifestations can appear as infusionreaction, vasculitis, cutaneous infections, psoriasis,eczema, and skin cancer. Here, we present anunusual case of extensive and sporadic subcutaneousecchymosis in a 69-year-old woman with severe UC,partial colectomy and cecostomy, following her initialdose of IFX. The reaction occurred during infliximabinfusion, and withdrawal of IFX led to gradual alleviationof her symptoms. We concluded that Henoch-Sch？nleinpurpura, a kind of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, mighthave contributed to the development of the bruising.Although the precise mechanisms of the vasculitis arestill controversial, such a case highlights the importanceof subcutaneous adverse effects in the management ofUC with IFX.

一项回顾性研究:261例Henoch-Schnlein性紫癜患儿胃肠道表现

目的:小儿Henoch-Schonlein性紫癜(HSP)为儿童的一种IgA介导的自身免疫性血管炎。其常见症状为:紫癜性皮疹、腹痛、肾脏或关节受累等。HSP患儿以腹痛常见,但常被疑为肠套叠或肠穿孔。本文用粪便隐血试验和影像学方法来鉴别腹痛。方法:回顾性研究1991年12月至2001年12月间261例HSP患儿。对腹痛患儿进行影像学检测,包括:腹部超声、腹部CT。

国医大师丁樱治疗过敏性紫癜用药规律研究

目的挖掘丁樱教授治疗过敏性紫癜的用药规律,探析丁樱教授治疗过敏性紫癜的学术思想与临床经验。方法选取2013年1月-2020年1月河南中医药大学第一附属医院丁樱教授儿科门诊的过敏性紫癜处方,通过名医传承一体化平台,建立药物-药物、药物-症状网络,对其核心药组及关联规律进行深层次分析。结果纳入病案195则,涉及585诊次、处方585首、中药153种,药物总频次为8017。药性以寒、温、平为主,药味以苦为主,归经以肝经、心经为主。药物权重等级分析显示,生地黄、当归、连翘、忍冬藤、牡丹皮、紫草、川芎、地肤子、海风藤、络石藤、徐长卿、雷公藤、薏苡仁、黄芩、水牛角、砂仁、白芍、浮萍、甘草为治疗过敏性紫癜的核心处方。药物-药物共现性分析显示,生地黄-当归、生地黄-牡丹皮、连翘-牡丹皮、地肤子-忍冬藤、川芎-忍冬藤、忍冬藤-当归、地肤子-连翘、牡丹皮-紫草、当归-牡丹皮、生地黄-连翘、连翘-川芎、生地黄-忍冬藤为治疗过敏性紫癜的常用药对;聚类分析显示出10个潜在药物群。结论丁樱教授治疗过敏性紫癜强调病、证、症相结合及对药的应用,临证施治遵循“祛邪安络”思想,善用清热解毒类药、清热祛风类药、清热祛湿类药以“祛邪”,善用活血凉血类药、养血通络类药以“安络”。

过敏性紫癜患儿预后影响因素及其预测价值研究

目的:探讨过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿预后的影响因素及其预测价值。方法:选取HSP患儿150例为研究对象。根据患儿治疗后有无复发分为预后不良组(47例)和预后良好组(103例)。比较两组患儿一般资料及生化指标(白细胞计数、血小板计数、血清总蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、C-反应蛋白、免疫球蛋白A)。分析HSP患儿预后的影响因素及其对患儿预后不良的预测价值。结果:预后不良组皮疹反复发作、初次发病伴肾损害和呼吸道感染比例高于预后良好组(均P<0.05)。预后不良组血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A水平高于预后良好组(均P<0.05)。皮疹反复发作、初次发病伴肾损害、呼吸道感染、血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A为HSP患儿预后的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。皮疹反复发作、呼吸道感染、血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A对HSP患儿预后不良具有预测价值(均P<0.05)。结论:皮疹反复发作、初次发病伴肾损害、呼吸道感染、血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A为HSP患儿预后的独立影响因素。除初次发病伴肾损害指标外,其余指标对HSP患儿预后不良具有一定预测价值。

过敏性紫癜合并器官功能损害的研究现状

过敏性紫癜是临床中最常见的系统性血管炎类疾病,典型临床表现为双下肢的非血小板减少性紫癜,关节、胃肠道及肾损害。随着对此病不断地深入认识,累及其他少见器官的临床表现及诊断值得临床医师关注。该文就近年来国内外过敏性紫癜伴有各个系统损害的临床表现、诊断、危险因素和治疗做一简要综述。

基于文献挖掘的过敏性紫癜动物模型应用特点分析及建模思考

目的研究过敏性紫癜动物模型的造模特点,为其动物模型的规范化提供计量参考。方法在中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed及Web of Science数据库检索过敏性紫癜动物模型相关文献,归纳实验动物品系、年龄、性别、造模方法、成模周期、阳性对照药、检测指标等,构建数据库并进行规范整理、分析。结果共纳入符合标准的46篇文献,包含动物模型实验研究52例。实验动物多选择6周龄、3~4周龄的SD大鼠或3~4周龄、8周龄的KM小鼠,性别多选择雄性或雌雄各半。模型以病证结合复合模型和模拟IgA肾病模型多见;常用造模方法为尾静脉注射印度墨水+灌胃和尾静脉注射麦胶蛋白溶液、灌胃/口服干姜、胡椒、荜茇+腹腔注射卵白蛋白和弗氏完全佐剂混合液+尾静脉/耳缘静脉和皮内注射卵白蛋白0.9%氯化钠溶液;造模周期以14、6、12周多见。阳性对照药应用最多的是西咪替丁、双嘧达莫、雷公藤多苷片。高频检测指标依次为血清相关生化指标、肾组织病理、24 h尿蛋白、肾组织免疫组化、表观指标、尿常规、皮肤组织病理等。结论目前过敏性紫癜动物模型制备方法多样,病证结合复合模型与中西医临床特点吻合度较高,但缺少统一的造模方法及中医证候评价标准等,还需探索其他相关证型的病证模型,并进一步重复验证、完善。

基于数据挖掘的紫癜性肾炎动物模型分析

目的 基于文献挖掘探讨紫癜性肾炎动物模型的造模特点,为制备规范化的紫癜性肾炎动物模型提供参考。方法 通过计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed中英文数据库中相关研究文献,获取近20年紫癜性肾炎动物实验文献,将实验动物种类、造模方法、给药剂量、给药周期、成模标准及检测指标进行人工筛选,应用Microsoft Excel 2021软件建立数据库并进行统计分析,运用SPSS Modeler 18.0对高频指标进行关联规则分析并运用Cytoscape 3.6.1软件对关联网络图进行可视化升级。结果 归纳总结符合纳入标准的106篇文献,建立紫癜性肾炎动物模型多选用SD大鼠和KM小鼠,造模方式多选用药源性诱导,造模药物以牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin, BSA)+脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS)+四氯化碳(carbon tetrachloride, CCl_4)+蓖麻油、卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)+弗氏完全佐剂、麦胶蛋白+印度墨水、牛血清白蛋白+葡萄糖菌肠毒素B(staphylococcus enterotoxin B,SEB)复刻紫癜性肾炎吻合度较高的动物模型,周期一般在5~14周,成模标准多选用皮肤紫癜,尿红细胞数增多,尿蛋白阳性,肾组织可见肾小球系膜增生及以免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)为主的免疫复合物沉积于小血管表示造模成功。检测指标共涉及36个医学指标,其中肾及尿液相关的检测指标23个,血液相关检测指标9个,其中使用频率≥10%的有24 h尿蛋白定量、白细胞介素、肾病理、尿红细胞计数、IgA及循环免疫复合物(circulation immune complex, CIC)、肌酐(creatinine, Cr)等10个指标,对高频指标进行聚类分析,结果表明多采用24 h尿蛋白定量-白细胞介素-肾病理-尿红细胞数-IgA综合评价模型。结论 现有的紫癜性肾炎动物实验多选用SD雄性大鼠和KM雌性小鼠,造模方式多采用药源性诱导,其中瘀热证复合IgA肾病法(病证结合法)具有重复性强、成模率高的优点,可为HSPN动物实验模型选择提供参考。

儿童过敏性紫癜复发及肾脏损伤的相关因素分析

目的探讨儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)复发及肾脏损伤的临床相关因素。方法选取2020年1月至2021年12月于张家界市人民医院儿科住院的136例HSP患儿作为研究对象,根据复发情况分为复发组(n=59)与非复发组(n=77),根据肾脏损伤情况分为肾脏损伤组(n=41)与非肾脏损伤组(n=95),对复发组与非复发组、肾脏损伤组与非肾脏损伤组人口学因素、临床表现、实验室指标进行单因素和多因素Logis-tic分析。结果复发组年龄、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)水平及年龄≥6岁、皮疹持续时间≥2周比例高于非复发组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肾脏损伤组年龄、肌酐(Cr)水平及年龄≥6岁、病原学检查阳性比例高于非肾脏损伤组,红细胞沉降率(ESR)水平及前驱呼吸道感染史、ESR异常比例低于非肾脏损伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,皮疹持续时间≥2周(OR=6.243,P=0.008)及TG水平升高(OR=2.951,P=0.046)是HSP复发的独立危险因素,前驱呼吸道感染史(OR=0.271,P=0.005)及ESR异常(OR=0.189,P=0.045)均为HSP肾脏损伤的保护因素。结论皮疹持续时间≥2周、TG水平升高是HSP复发的独立危险因素,前驱呼吸道感染史、ESR异常为HSP肾脏损伤的保护因素,临床中应基于上述影响因素进行相应判别,加强监测与长期随访。

中医外治法治疗小儿过敏性紫癜的研究进展

过敏性紫癜(HSP)是一种以免疫球蛋白A介导的血管炎为主要特征的系统性血管炎症疾病,临床常表现为皮肤紫癜、关节炎、腹痛、肾病伴蛋白尿。目前HSP的发病机制尚不完全清楚,因此治疗的重点是对症支持治疗,常采用抗组胺药和血管保护药物等进行治疗。而中医外治法(如中药熏洗、灌肠、针灸)可直接作用于病变部位,治疗方式多样且疗效显著,可减少西药引起的胃肠反应及肝肾功能损伤,且患儿接受度高,有望在临床大量应用,以促进HSP患儿更快、更好恢复。

紫癜性肾炎患儿肠道菌群变化及临床意义研究

背景 目前国内外关于过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿肠道菌群变化的研究数量有限,且尚未见关于紫癜性肾炎(HSPN)患儿疾病早期肠道菌群变化的相关报道。目的 探讨HSPN患儿肠道菌群的变化及其在疾病发生、发展中的作用。方法于2019年7—9月选取郑州大学第一附属医院儿科收治的37例HSP初治患儿作为试验组,另外同时选取12例健康志愿儿童作为对照组;并对HSPN患儿随访6个月,根据有无肾损伤进一步分为无肾损伤试验亚组13例和肾损伤试验亚组24例。收集HSP患儿与健康儿童的一般资料及粪便标本,应用高通量测序技术对所有研究对象的肠道菌群进行测序及分析,采用Alpha多样性(Shannon指数、Chao1指数、ACE指数)分析探讨样本内的微生物群落的丰度和多样性,通过主坐标分析(PCoA)来探究不同组别间群落结构的差异,利用线性判别分析及影响因子(LEfSe)分析找到组间差异显著的物种。结果 Alpha多样性分析显示,三组研究对象Shannon指数、Chao1指数、ACE指数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PCoA显示,三组研究对象肠道菌群群落结构均有差异(P<0.05);Adonis分析结果显示,无肾损伤试验亚组与对照组肠道菌群群落结构比较,差异有统计学意义(F=2.172,P=0.006);肾损伤试验亚组与对照组肠道菌群群落结构比较,差异有统计学意义(F=2.217,P=0.006);无肾损伤试验亚组与肾损伤试验亚组肠道菌群群落结构比较,差异有统计学意义(F=1.590,P=0.045)。LEfSe分析显示,与对照组相比,试验组布劳特氏菌属(Blautia)、金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)、Agathobacter和罗斯伯里氏菌属(Roseburia)丰度显著降低(P<0.05),巨单胞菌属(Megamonas)和肠球菌属(Enterococcus)丰度显著增加(P<0.05);与无肾损伤试验亚组相比,肾损伤试验亚组纺锤状细菌属(Christensenella)和拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)丰度显著降低(P<0.05),乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和罗斯氏菌属(Rothia)丰度显著增加(P<0.05)。结论HSP患儿存在肠道菌群紊乱,HSPN患儿在疾病早期时的肠道菌群已经与HSP无肾损伤患儿出现差异,疾病早期时的肠道菌群紊乱可能与HSPN的发生有密切联系。

过敏性紫癜患儿临床特点及中医证候演变规律的研究

目的观察过敏性紫癜中医证候演变规律,探讨过敏性紫癜临床特点与中医证型的相关性。方法对426例来自湖南中医药大学第一附属医院住院和门诊的过敏性紫癜(Henoch-Schonlein purpura,HSP)患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结中医证候演变规律,比较患儿的一般资料、发病季节、诱发病因、实验室指标不同水平分布情况。结果(1)HSP患儿男女发病比例相当,冬春季发病多,病程多在4周以内。(2)中医证型以风热伤络证、血热妄行证为多,其次是湿热痹阻证、阴虚火旺证、气不摄血证,发病诱因以感染多见,其中呼吸道感染最多见,统计学分析提示:不同中医证型在年龄、发病诱因上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验室指标D-二聚体、白细胞介素-6(interlenkin-6,IL-6)、免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T在不同中医证型上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)风热伤络证易演变为气不摄血证;血热妄行证易演变为阴虚火旺证。结论(1)HSP中医证型上早期以风热伤络证、血热妄行证为主,后期常见阴虚火旺证、气阴两虚证;(2)HSP中医病机演变上,主要向虚、瘀发展。(3)D-二聚体、IL-6、IgA数值升高和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T数值偏低的现象主要集中在风热伤络证和血热妄行证。

试从“卫气津营血精神”七纲论治过敏性紫癜

“卫气津营血精神”七纲理论由四川省十大名中医吴康衡教授在“卫气营血”理论基础上提出,系统总结了外感温热类疾病各个阶段的诊治方药。过敏性紫癜是儿科常见疾病之一,临床常表现出类似于温病的证候特点。本文探讨了以“卫气津营血精神”七纲理论治疗过敏性紫癜的方法,依据过敏性紫癜各个阶段的临床表现,将过敏性紫癜治法分为解表透卫、清热泻脾、凉润生津、清热透营、清热凉血、滋阴生精、补气养神七类,常用木贼宣痹汤、泻黄散、竹叶石膏汤、清营汤、五草五炭汤、加减复脉汤、清心莲子饮等方剂加减,进一步丰富“卫气津营血精神”七纲理论的临床应用。

过敏性紫癜合并免疫学异常的临床特点及预后

目的 探讨过敏性紫癜(Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura,HSP)合并抗链球菌溶血素O(antistreptolysin O,ASO)升高伴补体下降患者的临床特点及预后。方法 收集2009年1月至2015年6月在温州医科大学附属第二医院住院的HSP患者,根据有无免疫学异常分为四组:观察组(ASO升高合并补体下降)32例,随机选取高ASO组31例,低补体组32例,对照组(无上述免疫学异常)30例。比较四组患者的临床特点及预后。结果 观察组ASO水平高于高ASO组、补体4(complement4,C4)水平低于低补体组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组、高ASO组发病3个月内肾脏累及率高于对照组(P<0.05),低补体组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3个月内胃肠道及关节累及率和1年肾脏累及率在四组间无统计学差异。观察组中水肿2例,高血压3例,肾功能损害3例,均在2周内恢复正常;肉眼血尿3例,均在40d内消退;镜下血尿及蛋白尿持续中位时间10(4,510)d、10(4,78)d;ASO、补体3(complement3,C3)、C4水平恢复正常中位时间95(60,133)d、14(8,28)d、21(14,39)d;观察组血清白蛋白水平低于其余三组,血清球蛋白、免疫球蛋白(immunoglobulin,Ig)G、IgA水平均高于其余三组(P<0.05)。125例HSP患者中规律随访49例,平均随访时间(108.41±24.58)个月,最长随访155个月,随访期内均未出现慢性肾功能不全。结论 HSP合并ASO升高伴补体下降患者易早期出现肾脏累及,更易出现IgA、IgG升高及低白蛋白血症,补体均在100d内恢复正常,长期随访无一例出现慢性肾功能不全。