Hepatitis A virus(HAV)live-attenuated vaccine H2 strain has been approved for clinical use for decades with ideal safety profiles in nonhuman primate models and humans.Recently,type Ⅰ interferon(IFN)receptor-deficien...Hepatitis A virus(HAV)live-attenuated vaccine H2 strain has been approved for clinical use for decades with ideal safety profiles in nonhuman primate models and humans.Recently,type Ⅰ interferon(IFN)receptor-deficient mice were shown to be susceptible to HAV infection.Herein,we sought to determine the infection and replication dynamics of the H2 in Ifnar^(-/-)mice that lack type Ⅰ IFN receptor.Following intravenous injection,the H2 failed to cause obvious clinical symptoms in Ifnar^(-/-)mice,and no significant upregulation in serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels was observed.Notably,the histopathological examination showed that there were significant focal infiltrations of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the portal area,but no focal necrosis was observed in liver tissues.Viral RNAs sustained in the liver,and the infectious virus could be recovered from the liver tissue until 42 days post-infection.More importantly,H2 infection induced obvious viremia and persistent viral shedding in feces.In addition,robust HAV-specific humoral immune responses were induced in Ifnar^(-/-)mice.Overall,our study revealed the safety profile of H2 in Ifnar^(-/-)mice,which not only helps understand the attenuation mechanism of H2,but also expands the application of the Ifnar^(-/-)mouse model for HAV studies.展开更多
用RT-PCR方法检测辽东湾几个重点沿岸海域表层海水和几种经济贝类样品中甲肝病毒的分布。结果表明,6个重点沿岸海域表层海水中均检出甲肝病毒(Hepatitis A virus,HAV),6种经济贝类样品中有4个样品检出甲肝病毒。检测结果显示,辽东湾某...用RT-PCR方法检测辽东湾几个重点沿岸海域表层海水和几种经济贝类样品中甲肝病毒的分布。结果表明,6个重点沿岸海域表层海水中均检出甲肝病毒(Hepatitis A virus,HAV),6种经济贝类样品中有4个样品检出甲肝病毒。检测结果显示,辽东湾某些重点沿岸海域受陆源生活污水影响严重,有关部门应加强海洋环境和海产贝类卫生安全监测和管理,以避免引发甲型肝炎暴发流行。展开更多
目的:验证和评价全自动酶联免疫分析仪测定甲型肝炎病毒(hepatitis A virus,HAV)IgM的性能。方法:本实验参照美国临床和实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI)的EP15-A2文件和中国合格评定国家认可委员...目的:验证和评价全自动酶联免疫分析仪测定甲型肝炎病毒(hepatitis A virus,HAV)IgM的性能。方法:本实验参照美国临床和实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI)的EP15-A2文件和中国合格评定国家认可委员会(China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment,CNAS)的CNAL-CL39相关文献,对全自动酶联免疫分析仪测定HAV-IgM的精密度、检出限、正确度以及试剂盒的临界值进行验证。结果:全自动酶联免疫分析仪检测HAV-IgM的批内精密度变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)为7.77%,批间精密度CV为11.17%,阳性及阴性结果符合率均为100%,检出限为1.0 NCU/mL,符合实验室的要求,与厂家的声明(2.0 NCU/mL)相接近。在临界值验证实验中,检测的样本吸光度值的均值(■)+3个标准差(SD)=0.032,小于试剂盒提供的临界值(0.105)。结论:全自动酶联免疫分析仪检测HAV-Ig M的精密度、正确度、检出限、诊断临界值结果均符合行业标准要求,可满足临床的需要。展开更多
目的分析2020—2021年庄河市环境污水中甲型肝炎病毒(hepatitis A virus,HAV)基因组特征,比较其与病例标本HAV基因组相似性。方法收集2021年庄河市7—12月18份污水处理厂进水口污水样本(环境污水),提取病毒RNA,逆转录后采用巢式PCR对VP1...目的分析2020—2021年庄河市环境污水中甲型肝炎病毒(hepatitis A virus,HAV)基因组特征,比较其与病例标本HAV基因组相似性。方法收集2021年庄河市7—12月18份污水处理厂进水口污水样本(环境污水),提取病毒RNA,逆转录后采用巢式PCR对VP1-2A区进行扩增,测序拼接获得5条HAV核苷酸序列(321 bp)。使用生物信息学软件进行系统进化分析。结果2021年环境污水样本HAV均为ⅠA亚型,VP1-2A区核苷酸序列同源性为98.7%~100%。与2020年庄河市甲肝病例样本的核苷酸序列同源性为97.8%~100%,进化上分为2个分支。结论ⅠA亚型为庄河市环境污水HAV的优势基因型,与病例样本的基因组存在差异,也有部分毒株的基因组完全一致。通过比较环境污水中HAV核酸与病例样本核酸的相似性,可更好地了解HAV的循环,以便对甲肝的流行病学监测作出早期预警。展开更多
甲型肝炎是由甲型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis A virus,HAV)感染引起的,HAV的唯一宿主是人。甲型肝炎通常是一种自限性疾病,不会变成慢性疾病,肝衰竭发生率不到1%。甲型肝炎可以通过接种疫苗来预防。本文总结了HAV感染的流行病学、临床表现、诊...甲型肝炎是由甲型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis A virus,HAV)感染引起的,HAV的唯一宿主是人。甲型肝炎通常是一种自限性疾病,不会变成慢性疾病,肝衰竭发生率不到1%。甲型肝炎可以通过接种疫苗来预防。本文总结了HAV感染的流行病学、临床表现、诊断等,有助于进一步探讨HAV检测的新方法,以防止或减少HAV的传染与危害。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar (No.81925025)the Innovative Research Group (No. 81621005) from the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (No. 2019-I2M-5-049) from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
文摘Hepatitis A virus(HAV)live-attenuated vaccine H2 strain has been approved for clinical use for decades with ideal safety profiles in nonhuman primate models and humans.Recently,type Ⅰ interferon(IFN)receptor-deficient mice were shown to be susceptible to HAV infection.Herein,we sought to determine the infection and replication dynamics of the H2 in Ifnar^(-/-)mice that lack type Ⅰ IFN receptor.Following intravenous injection,the H2 failed to cause obvious clinical symptoms in Ifnar^(-/-)mice,and no significant upregulation in serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels was observed.Notably,the histopathological examination showed that there were significant focal infiltrations of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the portal area,but no focal necrosis was observed in liver tissues.Viral RNAs sustained in the liver,and the infectious virus could be recovered from the liver tissue until 42 days post-infection.More importantly,H2 infection induced obvious viremia and persistent viral shedding in feces.In addition,robust HAV-specific humoral immune responses were induced in Ifnar^(-/-)mice.Overall,our study revealed the safety profile of H2 in Ifnar^(-/-)mice,which not only helps understand the attenuation mechanism of H2,but also expands the application of the Ifnar^(-/-)mouse model for HAV studies.
文摘用RT-PCR方法检测辽东湾几个重点沿岸海域表层海水和几种经济贝类样品中甲肝病毒的分布。结果表明,6个重点沿岸海域表层海水中均检出甲肝病毒(Hepatitis A virus,HAV),6种经济贝类样品中有4个样品检出甲肝病毒。检测结果显示,辽东湾某些重点沿岸海域受陆源生活污水影响严重,有关部门应加强海洋环境和海产贝类卫生安全监测和管理,以避免引发甲型肝炎暴发流行。
文摘目的:验证和评价全自动酶联免疫分析仪测定甲型肝炎病毒(hepatitis A virus,HAV)IgM的性能。方法:本实验参照美国临床和实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI)的EP15-A2文件和中国合格评定国家认可委员会(China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment,CNAS)的CNAL-CL39相关文献,对全自动酶联免疫分析仪测定HAV-IgM的精密度、检出限、正确度以及试剂盒的临界值进行验证。结果:全自动酶联免疫分析仪检测HAV-IgM的批内精密度变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)为7.77%,批间精密度CV为11.17%,阳性及阴性结果符合率均为100%,检出限为1.0 NCU/mL,符合实验室的要求,与厂家的声明(2.0 NCU/mL)相接近。在临界值验证实验中,检测的样本吸光度值的均值(■)+3个标准差(SD)=0.032,小于试剂盒提供的临界值(0.105)。结论:全自动酶联免疫分析仪检测HAV-Ig M的精密度、正确度、检出限、诊断临界值结果均符合行业标准要求,可满足临床的需要。
文摘目的分析2020—2021年庄河市环境污水中甲型肝炎病毒(hepatitis A virus,HAV)基因组特征,比较其与病例标本HAV基因组相似性。方法收集2021年庄河市7—12月18份污水处理厂进水口污水样本(环境污水),提取病毒RNA,逆转录后采用巢式PCR对VP1-2A区进行扩增,测序拼接获得5条HAV核苷酸序列(321 bp)。使用生物信息学软件进行系统进化分析。结果2021年环境污水样本HAV均为ⅠA亚型,VP1-2A区核苷酸序列同源性为98.7%~100%。与2020年庄河市甲肝病例样本的核苷酸序列同源性为97.8%~100%,进化上分为2个分支。结论ⅠA亚型为庄河市环境污水HAV的优势基因型,与病例样本的基因组存在差异,也有部分毒株的基因组完全一致。通过比较环境污水中HAV核酸与病例样本核酸的相似性,可更好地了解HAV的循环,以便对甲肝的流行病学监测作出早期预警。
文摘甲型肝炎是由甲型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis A virus,HAV)感染引起的,HAV的唯一宿主是人。甲型肝炎通常是一种自限性疾病,不会变成慢性疾病,肝衰竭发生率不到1%。甲型肝炎可以通过接种疫苗来预防。本文总结了HAV感染的流行病学、临床表现、诊断等,有助于进一步探讨HAV检测的新方法,以防止或减少HAV的传染与危害。
