AIM In order to understand the coverage, immunization strategy and cost of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination of China in recent years. METHODS A two stage household random sampling method was used in the survey. RESUL...AIM In order to understand the coverage, immunization strategy and cost of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination of China in recent years. METHODS A two stage household random sampling method was used in the survey. RESULTS The survey carried out at 112 Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs) of 25 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China in 1996, showed that the coverage rates of HB vaccination among neonates were 96 9% in the urban DSPs and 50 8% in the rural DSPs in 1993-1994, while in students aged 7-9 years, they were 85 8% and 31 5% in 1994, respectively. Up to 1994, 97 5% of the urban DSPs and 73 9% of the rural DSPs on a neonate vaccination against HB program were included in EPI. About 93% of the urban DSPs and 44% of the rural DSPs did HBsAg and HBeAg screening for all or part of pregnant women. The neonates received the regimen of high dose HB vaccine in combination with hepatitis B immune globin (HBIG) if their mothers were HBsAg and/or HBeAg positive in pregnancy, otherwise they received the low dose vaccine (10μg×3). Part of DSPs had a lower neonate coverage due to unreasonable allocation of the vaccines (used for adults not at risk) or higher cost or insufficient supply of the vaccines. It is necessary to evaluate the quality of serological lab test to HBVMs in the maternal prescreening. CONCLUSION Remarkable achievements have been made according to the national planning and policy of HB immunization in China.展开更多
INTRODUCTION At present hepatitis B vaccine immunization is an unique effective measure for controlling hepatitis B.It is important o determine optimal immunization
Albania has been a country with a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced nationwide in Albanian Immunization Program in 1994. Hepatitis B is given at birth, as a separate antigen...Albania has been a country with a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced nationwide in Albanian Immunization Program in 1994. Hepatitis B is given at birth, as a separate antigen, followed by three doses at 2, 4 and 6 months, where Hepatitis B, starting from 2009, is part of pentavalent vaccine of DTP-HepB-Hib. The aim of this study was to evaluate Immunization Program with Hepatitis B vaccination in order to prove program efficacy, increase public confidence in immunizations and advocate for sustainable immunization programs. Methodology was based on three components such as Immunization coverage surveys, serologic surveys and surveillance for acute cases of Hepatitis B. Results of this study showed that vaccination coverage is really high, more than 95% all over the country and with drop-out rates less than 10%. Anti-HBs levels in immunized children were very high in comparison with unimmunized ones. Incidence of HBV in children 0-14 years old is almost zero. Such results tell us that Hepatitis B vaccination is one of the most fruitful strategies for long term control of Hepatitis B disease.展开更多
文摘AIM In order to understand the coverage, immunization strategy and cost of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination of China in recent years. METHODS A two stage household random sampling method was used in the survey. RESULTS The survey carried out at 112 Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs) of 25 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China in 1996, showed that the coverage rates of HB vaccination among neonates were 96 9% in the urban DSPs and 50 8% in the rural DSPs in 1993-1994, while in students aged 7-9 years, they were 85 8% and 31 5% in 1994, respectively. Up to 1994, 97 5% of the urban DSPs and 73 9% of the rural DSPs on a neonate vaccination against HB program were included in EPI. About 93% of the urban DSPs and 44% of the rural DSPs did HBsAg and HBeAg screening for all or part of pregnant women. The neonates received the regimen of high dose HB vaccine in combination with hepatitis B immune globin (HBIG) if their mothers were HBsAg and/or HBeAg positive in pregnancy, otherwise they received the low dose vaccine (10μg×3). Part of DSPs had a lower neonate coverage due to unreasonable allocation of the vaccines (used for adults not at risk) or higher cost or insufficient supply of the vaccines. It is necessary to evaluate the quality of serological lab test to HBVMs in the maternal prescreening. CONCLUSION Remarkable achievements have been made according to the national planning and policy of HB immunization in China.
基金the China Medical Board of New York,Inc.,the United States,Grant No.93-582.
文摘INTRODUCTION At present hepatitis B vaccine immunization is an unique effective measure for controlling hepatitis B.It is important o determine optimal immunization
文摘Albania has been a country with a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced nationwide in Albanian Immunization Program in 1994. Hepatitis B is given at birth, as a separate antigen, followed by three doses at 2, 4 and 6 months, where Hepatitis B, starting from 2009, is part of pentavalent vaccine of DTP-HepB-Hib. The aim of this study was to evaluate Immunization Program with Hepatitis B vaccination in order to prove program efficacy, increase public confidence in immunizations and advocate for sustainable immunization programs. Methodology was based on three components such as Immunization coverage surveys, serologic surveys and surveillance for acute cases of Hepatitis B. Results of this study showed that vaccination coverage is really high, more than 95% all over the country and with drop-out rates less than 10%. Anti-HBs levels in immunized children were very high in comparison with unimmunized ones. Incidence of HBV in children 0-14 years old is almost zero. Such results tell us that Hepatitis B vaccination is one of the most fruitful strategies for long term control of Hepatitis B disease.
