Anti-tumor Effect and Mechanism of Pratia Extract on H22 Tumor-bearing Mice

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of pratia extract on H22 tumor-bearing mice and the effects on immune organs.[Methods]With the application of H22 liver tumor-bearing mice as an animal model,the animals were divided into such three Pratia extract groups as the high,medium and low dose groups(400,200 and 100 mg/kg)and cyclophosphamide CTX group(20 mg/kg).15 d after the administration,the animals were killed by cervical dislocation,and the tumors,thymuses and spleens were taken and weighed,followed by the calculation of the tumor inhibitory rate and the thymus and spleen index,and the serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-2(IL-2)levels were determined by ELISA assay.[Results]The inhibitory rates were 54.1,32.6 and 8.2%,respectively,and there were significant differences from the model group(P<0.05);and the spleen index of the tumor-bearing mice was reduced,while the thymus index was improved.The serological results showed that the drug-administrated groups significantly improved the IL-2 levels in the tumor-bearing mice,but had no effects on TNF-α.[Conclusions]Pratia extract has an antitumor effect on H22 tumor-bearing mice,and show certain dose-effect relationship,and its mechanism may be related to enhancing the immune function in tumor-bearing mice by regulating IL-2.

华蟾素对小鼠H_(22)肝癌移植瘤作用的研究

目的 :观察华蟾素对小鼠移植肝肿瘤H2 2 生长的影响 ,初步探讨华蟾素对肝肿瘤细胞的作用机制。方法 :以瘤株 (H2 2 )接种于小鼠 ,制备肝癌模型 ,设正常对照组、荷瘤模型组、5 -FU组、华蟾素组。各组小鼠采血计白细胞数 ,切除肿瘤、胸腺及脾脏 ,称取重量 ,计算肿瘤抑制率 ;光、电镜下观察肿瘤组织结构。结果 :华蟾素和 5 -FU组小鼠肿瘤抑制率分别为 3 0 .99%和 74.2 8% ,均明显高于荷瘤模型组 (P <0 .0 1)。华蟾素组白细胞数与正常组比较无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,显著高于 5 -FU组 (P <0 .0 1)。电镜观察华蟾素组有典型的细胞凋亡形态学特征。结论 :华蟾素通过提高机体免疫功能 。

Antitumor and synergistic effect of Chinese medicine “Bushen huayu jiedu recipe” and chemotherapy on transplanted animal hepatocarcinoma

AIM： To investigate the antitumor and synergistic effect of Chinese medicine “Bushen huayu jiedu recipe” （recipe for invigorating the kidney, removing blood stasis and toxic substances） and chemotherapy on mice hepatocarcinoma. METHODS： Bushen huayu jiedu recipe （BSHYJDR） consisting of Chinese Cassia Bark, Psoralea, Zedoary, Rhubarb, etc. is equal to 1.5 g/mL liquid of originated herbs after being decoded, filtered, and concentrated. Kunming mice, weighing 18-22 g, were injected with 0.2 mL ascitic hepatocarcinoma H22 containing 1 × 10^7 cells/mL into armpit of the right forelimb of mice. After 24 h, the mice were weighed and randomly divided into tumor-bearing model control group, cisplatin （DDP） group, BSHYJDR high dosage group, low dosage BSHYJDR group, DDP combined with high and low dosage BSHYJDR group, 10 mice in each group. DDP group received injection intraperitoneally （ip） at the dosage of 1 mg/kg （equal to 1/10 LD50）, once a day for 4 d. High and low dosage BSHYJDR groups received intragastric BSHYJDR at the dosages of 26.6 and 13.3 g/kg （20 and 10 times each of clinical adult dosage） respectively, while tumor-bearing model group received the equal volume of distilled water once a day for 10 d. On the 11^th d, the mice were weighed and killed, then the tumor was dissected and weighed, the repression rate （RR） was calculated according to the mean weight of tumor （MWT）. RESULTS： Compared to the model group （MWT： 1.30±0.73）, DDP group （MWT： 0.41±0.09, RR： 68.46%） had a significant difference in the inhibition of hepatocarcinoma H22 （P〈0.01）. High dosage BSHYJDR group （MWT： 0.69±0.29, RR： 46.92%） also had a significant difference in inhibition （P〈0.05）, while no difference was found in low dosage BSHYJDR group （MVVT： 0.85±0.34, RR： 34.62%） （P〉0.05）. When DDP was combined with high dosage BSHYJDR （MWT： 0.29±0.17, RR： 77.69%） and low dosage BSHYJDR （MWT： 0.38±0.21, RR： 70.77%） respectively, we could see improvement of the inhibition effect of DDP on transplanted hepatocarcinoma H22. DDP combined with high dosage BSHYJDR had a significant difference （P〈0.001） compared to DDP, while DDP combined with low dosage BSHYJDR only had a little improvement that is not remarkable. CONCLUSION： Chinese medicine BSHYJDR in combination with chemotherapy can inhibit transplanted hepatocarcinorna in mice.

Possible mechanisms associated with immune escape and apoptosis on anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of Mu Ji Fang granules

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common digestive system cancers with high mortality rates worldwide.The main ingredients in Mu Ji Fang Granules(MJF)are alkaloids,flavonoids,and polysaccharides.MJF has been used in the clinical treatment of hepatitis,cirrhosis and HCC for more than 30 years.Few previous studies have focused on the mechanism of MJF on tumor immunology in the treatment of HCC.AIM To explore the mechanism of action of MJF on tumor immunology in the treatment of HCC.METHODS The absorbable ingredients of MJF were identified using Molecule Network related to High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electron Spray Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry,and hub potential anti-HCC targets were screened using network pharmacology and pathway enrichment analysis.Forty male mice were randomly divided into the Blank,Model,and MJF groups(1.8,5.4,and 10.8 g/kg/d)following 7 d of oral administration.Average body weight gain,spleen and thymus indices were calculated,tumor tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin,and Interferon gamma(IFN-γ),Tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),Interleukin-2,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),Fas,and FasL were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.Relevant mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl2 was evaluated by Real Time Quantitative PCR(RTqPCR)and protein expression of Transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1)and Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog(SMAD)4 was assessed by Western blotting.The HepG2 cell line was treated with 10 mg/mL,20 mg/mL,30 mg/mL,40 mg/mL of MJF,and another 3 groups were treated with TGF-β1 inhibitor(LY364947)and different doses of MJF.Relevant mRNA expression of TNF-α,IFN-γ,Bax and Bcl2 was evaluated by RT-qPCR and protein expression of TGF-β1,SMAD2,p-SMAD2,SMAD4,and SMAD7 was assessed by Western blotting.RESULTS It was shown that MJF improved body weight gain and tumor inhibition rate in H22 tumorbearing mice,protected immune organs and liver function,reduced the HCC indicator AFP,affected immunity and apoptosis,and up-regulated the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway,by increasing the relative expression of TGF-β1,SMAD2,p-SMAD2 and SMAD4 and decreasing SMAD7,reducing immune factors TNF-αand IFN-γ,decreasing apoptosis cytokines Fas,FasL and Bcl2/Bax,and inhibiting the effect of LY364947 in HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION MJF inhibits HCC by activating the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway,and affecting immune and apoptotic cytokines,which may be due to MJF adjusting immune escape and apoptosis.

Effect of dendritic cell modified by gp96-peptide complex on antitumor effect in H22 cell

Objective： To investigate the antitumor effect of dendritic cell （DC） modified by gp96-peptide complexes both in vitro and in vivo. Methods：Gp96-peptide complexes were acquired from H22 liver cancer cells in mice. DC were cultured from bone marrow cells and modified by gp96-peptide complexes. Spleen lymphocytes of mice were activated by modified DC and the cytotoxicity were detected by ^51Cr release method. Modified DC, gp96-peptide complexes and inactivated H22 cells were injected into mice bearing H22 liver cancer cells to observe the levels of IL-10, IFN-y in serum and the alteration of proportions of CD8^＋-IFNy^＋ and CD8^＋-IL-10^＋ cells, CD4^＋-IFNy^＋ and CD4^＋-IL-10^＋ cells. Results： DC modified by gp96-peptide complexes can activate spleen lymphocyte and the latter can specifically kill H22 cells but not Ehrilich ascites carcinoma cells. Modified DC can improve the host＇s antitumor immune response and the proportions of Thl cells, inhibiting tumor growth. Conclusion： Gp96-peptide complexes can activate DC effectively, making DC a good vaccine.

斑蝥素衍生物与铂络合物抗癌活性的实验研究

目的：研究４种斑蝥素衍生物与铂络合物（斑铂，Ｄｐｔ）对实验动物的抗癌作用，力图开发一种新型的铂族金属抗癌药。方法：以Ｓ１８０肉瘤、Ｈ２２肝癌实体瘤及其腹水瘤小鼠为实验动物，通过腹腔或静脉给予不同剂量的４种化合物Ｄｐｔ１－１５、Ｄｐｔ５－１０、Ｄｐｔ１２－３、Ｄｐｔ６－２，分别观察药物对小鼠瘤重及存活天数的影响，以顺铂为阳性对照，生理盐水为阴性对照。所有数据进行ｔ检验。结果：４种斑铂（Ｄｐｔ１－１５、Ｄｐｔ５－１０、Ｄｐｔ１２－３、Ｄｐｔ６－２）均有抗癌活性。其中Ｄｐｔ５－１０、Ｄｐｔ１－１５对小鼠Ｓ１８０肉瘤及Ｈ２２实体瘤的抑制率与顺铂相似；Ｄｐｔ５－１０对Ｈ２２腹水瘤小鼠生命延长率与顺铂相似；Ｄｐｔ１－１５的有效剂量毒性较大。结论：斑铂是有效的新型抗癌化合物，其中Ｄｐｔ５－１０抗癌作用较好，应进一步改进药物溶解性，并从与顺铂抗药性不同方面开发利用。

“江边一碗水”总木脂素的抗肿瘤作用及一般毒性的研究

为评价"江边一碗水"总木脂素对H22荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤抑制作用和相关毒性,用SPF级雄性小鼠腋下接种肝癌H22瘤株建立了移植性肝癌H22小鼠模型,观察了不同剂量的"江边一碗水"总木脂素给药10 d后对荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤抑制率、体重、免疫器官指数及血尿常规、肝肾功等的影响.结果表明:50,100,200 mg/kg"江边一碗水"总木脂素的抑瘤率分别为44.9%,54.8%和62.1%."江边一碗水"总木脂素对H22小鼠体重、免疫器官指数、造血系统、肝肾功能等生理生化指标无明显影响.故"江边一碗水"总木脂素具有较显著的抗肿瘤作用和较低的毒性,是其抗肿瘤的药效物质基础.