Hypomethylation of glycine dehydrogenase promoter in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a new diagnostic marker of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Background: Glycine dehydrogenase(GLDC) plays an important role in the initiation and proliferation of several human cancers. In this study, we aimed to detect the methylation status of GLDC promoter and its diagnostic value for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC). Methods: We enrolled 197 patients, 111 with HBV-HCC, 51 with chronic hepatitis B(CHB), and 35 healthy controls(HCs). The methylation status of GLDC promoter in peripheral mononuclear cells(PBMCs) was identified by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction(MSP). The mRNA expression was examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR). Results: The methylation frequency of the GLDC promoter was significantly lower in HBV-HCC patients(27.0%) compared to that in CHB patients(68.6%) and HCs(74.3%)( P < 0.001). The methylated group had lower alanine aminotransferase level( P = 0.035) and lower rates of tumor node metastasis(TNM) Ⅲ/Ⅳ( P = 0.043) and T3/T4( P = 0.026). TNM stage was identified to be an independent factor for GLDC promoter methylation. GLDC mRNA levels in CHB patients and HCs were significantly lower than those in HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.022 and P < 0.001, respectively). GLDC mRNA levels were significantly higher in HBV-HCC patients with unmethylated GLDC promoters than those with methylated GLDC promoters( P = 0.003). The diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) combined with GLDC promoter methylation for HBV-HCC was improved compared with that of AFP alone(AUC: 0.782 vs. 0.630, P < 0.001). In addition, GLDC promoter methylation was an independent predictor for overall survival of HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.038). Conclusions: The methylation frequency of GLDC promoter was lower in PBMCs from HBV-HCC patients than that from patients with CHB and HCs. The combination of AFP and GLDC promoter hypomethylation significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of HBV-HCC.

Multi-parameter gene expression profiling of peripheral blood for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM In our previous study, we have built a nine-gene(GPC3, HGF, ANXA1, FOS, SPAG9, HSPA1 B, CXCR4, PFN1, and CALR) expression detection system based on the Ge XP system. Based on peripheral blood and Ge XP, we aimed to analyze the results of genes expression by different multi-parameter analysis methods and build a diagnostic model to classify hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients and healthy people.METHODS Logistic regression analysis, discriminant analysis, classification tree analysis, and artificial neural network were used for the multi-parameter gene expression analysis method. One hundred and three patients with early HCC and 54 age-matched healthy normal controls were used to build a diagnostic model. Fiftytwo patients with early HCC and 34 healthy people were used for validation. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used as diagnostic indicators.RESULTS Artificial neural network of the total nine genes had the best diagnostic value, and the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.943, 98%, and 85%, respectively. At last, 52 HCC patients and 34 healthy normal controls were used for validation. The sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 86%, respectively.CONCLUSION Multi-parameter analysis methods may increase the diagnostic value compared to single factor analysis and they may be a trend of the clinical diagnosis in the future.

Dynamic alteration of telomerase expression and its diagnostic significance in liver or peripheral blood for hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM： To investigate the dynamic alteration of telomerase expression during development of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and its diagnostic implications in liver tissues or peripheral blood mononuclear cells for HCC. METHODS： Dynamic expressions of liver telomerase during malignant transformation of hepatocytes were observed in Sprague-Dawly （SD） rats fed with 0.05% of 2-fluoenyacetamide （2-FAA）. Total RNA and telomerase were extracted from rat or human liver tissues. The telomerase activities in livers and in circulating blood were detected by a telomeric repeat amplification protocol-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （TRAP- ELISA）, and its diagnostic value was investigated in patients with benign or malignant liver diseases. RESULTS： The hepatoma model displayed the dynamic expression of hepatic telomerase during HCC development. The telomerase activities were consistent with liver total RNA levels （r = 0.83, P 〈 0.01） at the stages of degeneration, precancerosis, and cancerization of hepatocytes. In HCC patients, the telomerase levels in HCC tissues were significantly higher than in their adjacent non-cancerous tissues, but liver total RNA levels were lower in the former than in the latter. Although the circulating telomerase of HCC patients was abnormally expressed among patients with chronic liver diseases, the telomerase activity was a non-specific marker for HCC diagnosis, because the incidence was 15.7% in normal control, 25% in chronic hepatitis, 45.9% in liver cirrhosis, and 85.2% in HCC, respectively when absorbance value of telomerase activity was more than 0.2. If the value was over 0.6, the incidence was 60% in HCC group and 0% in any of the others （P 〈 0.01） except in two cases with liver cirrhosis. However, the combination of circulating telomerase with serum alpha-fetoprotein level could increase the positive rate and the accuracy （92.6%, 125 of 135） of HCC diagnosis. CONCLUSION： The overexpression of telomerase is associated with HCC development, and its abnormality in liver tissues or in peripheral blood could be a useful marker for diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.

The clinical significance of detection of specific CK-20 mRNA in peripheral venous blood from patients with bladder carcinoma

Objective To determine the diagnostic significance of detecting the specific epithelial keratin CK-20 mRNA in peripheral venous blood from patients with bladder carcinomas. Methods Reverse transcription coupled with two-step polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) was used to detect CK-20 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood from patients with blodder carcinomas. Results Detection of CK-20 mRNA expression was positive in 37 of 91 patients with bladder carcinoma (41 % ). Among 20 patients with distant metastasis, 17 were positive (85 % ). CK-20 mRNA was not detectable in the blood samples from 25 normal individuals. The frequency of positive CK-20 mRNA expression was signficantly higher in those with distant metastasis. Conclusion The presence of CK-20 mRNA expression in peripheral blood may be used as an early indicator of hematogenous metastasis of bladder carcinoma cells. 6 refs,1 tab.

Transforming growth factor-β and peripheral regulatory cells are negatively correlated with the overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM To understand the cellular and molecular changes inperipheral blood that can lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and provide new methods for its diagnosis and treatment.METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of HCC patients and normal controls and then analyzed by flow cytometry. The percentage of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)+ regulatory cells(Tregs) in the peripheral blood was measured, and the expression of TGF-β was also determined. Then, the relationship between the changes and the 5-year survival of patients was analyzed. In addition, recombinant human TGF-β(rh TGF-β) and recombinant human interleukin-6 were added to stimulate the cultured cells, and their effects on HCC were evaluated.RESULTS The expression of TGF-β and the percentage of TGF-β+ Tregs in the peripheral blood of HCC patients increased significantly compared with normal controls. Compared with the low TGF-β expression group, the high TGF-β expression group had a significantly lower 5-year survival rate, and the same result was found in the two TGF-β+ Treg groups, suggesting that TGF-β and TGF-β+ Tregs were negatively correlated with the overall survival of the patients. In addition, rh TGF-β promoted the growth of tumor cells and induced high expression levels of IL-6, which further promoted tumor proliferation.CONCLUSION The results showed that TGF-β may promote tumor growth and proliferation by inducing the production of IL-6, and TGF-β and TGF-β+ Tregs may serve as new markers for predicting a poor prognosis in HCC.

Combined serum hepatoma-specific alpha-fetoprotein and circulating alpha-fetoprotein-mRNA in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, its prognosis is poor, and early detection is of utmost importance. Although alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a useful marker for detecting and monitoring HCC development, the false-negative or false-positive rates with AFP alone may be as high as 30%-40% for patients with small HCCs. To enhance the specificity and accuracy of AFP measurements for HCC, we analyzed AFP expression states in livers, detected the hepatoma-specific AFP (HS-AFP) fraction and AFP-mRNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and explored their clinical implications for HCC diagnosis. METHODS: AFP expression and hepatocyte distributions in liver specimens were investigated by an immunohistoche- mical assay. Total RNAs were extracted from circulating blood, synthesized to cDNA through random primers and reverse transcriptase, and fragments of the AFP gene were amplified by a nested-PCR assay. The HS-AFP fraction was separated by lectin-affinity chromatography and its level was detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The incidence of AFP was 73.3% in HCC tissues and its expression in HCCs with moderate or low differentiation was significantly stronger than that of HCCs with high differentiation (P<0.05). The incidence of AFP gene fragments was 100% in HCCs, and 60% in paracancerous tissues (P<0.01). In the HCC and liver cirrhosis groups, the incidence of HS-AFP was 91.7% and 18% (P<0.01), and of AFP-mRNA was 56.7% and 16% (P<0.01), respectively, and neither was found in controls.HS-AFP or AFP-mRNA was not significantly related to size or number of HCC, but to its differentiation, metastasis, and relapse (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Different AFP expression is present in different parts of HCC tissues. HS-AFP and AFP-mRNA fragments improve sensitivity and specificity, and both are useful markers to diagnose HCC or monitor metastasis and relapse.

HS-GGT和AFP-mRNA联合分析在肝癌诊断中的临床价值

目的 探讨肝癌特异性γ 谷氨酰转移酶 (HS GGT)和AFP mRNA联合分析在肝癌诊断中的临床价值。方法 从肝癌患者外周血有核细胞中提取总RNA ,以逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)扩增分析AFP mMNA ,同时定量分析患者血HS GGT水平 ,比较它们在肝癌诊断中的临床价值。结果 所设计RT PCR扩增AFP基因片段大小为 15 9bp ,肝癌患者外周血AFP mRNA阳性率为60 3 % ,显著高于急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝外肿瘤及正常对照组 (P <0 0 1)。另外 ,AFP mRNA阳性率 ,在AFP浓度低于 5 0ng/ml肝癌组中为 5 7 1% ,在伴肝外转移的肝癌组中全数阳性。AFP mRNA阳性与肿瘤大小间无明显相关性 ,与HS GGT联合分析诊断肝癌的总阳性率达 93 6% 结论 HS GGT定量和外周血AFP mRNA分析有助于肝癌诊断。

RT-PCR/Southern杂交方法检测肝癌患者外周血AFP mRNA

目的 寻找一种敏感的方法以检外外周血中的肝癌细胞。方法 分离原发性肝癌患者以及肝硬化、急慢性肝炎、肝转移癌、肝脏良性肿瘤患者和健康志愿者的外周血单个核细胞 ,提取单个核细胞的总RAN ,进行RT -PCR/Southern杂交检测AFPmRNA。结果 原发性肝癌患者外周血AFPmRAN的检出率为 41.4% ,其检出率与肿瘤大小以及TNM分期有关 ,对照组均为阴性。结论 肝癌患者外周血中的AFPmRNA可以作为肝癌细胞的血液微小转移的标志物。

联合检测外周血中AFPmRNA和AFP在原发性肝癌诊断中的临床意义

目的采用巢式RT-PCR法检测外周血中AFPmRNA情况。探讨外周血中AFPmRNA和AFP在原发性肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)联合诊断及在高危人群普查中的作用,为HCC诊断及普查提供一种新的敏感、特异、简单快捷的方法。方法采用巢式RT-PCR法对25例HCC患者,慢性肝炎、急性肝炎、肝硬化、健康人各30例以及肝外恶性肿瘤10例的外周血AFPmRNA情况进行检测。同时检测各组相应的AFP浓度和HCC患者血清HBsAg表达情况。结果(1)外周血AFPmRNA检查:25例HCC患者中19例存在AFPmRNA,阳性率为76%,其余各组均未检出AFPmRNA,特异性100%;(2)血清AFP水平检测:25例HCC患者中有16例存在AFP阳性,阳性率64%,其余各组有5例检出AFP阳性。(3)HCC血清HBsAg检测:HBsAg阳性的16例HCC患者中15例检出AFPmRNA,而9例HBsAg阴性的HCC患者中仅4例检测出AFPmRNA。HBsAg与外周血中AFPmRNA阳性检出率有相关性。结论外周血AFPmR-NA联合血清AFP检测,可以有效提高HCC诊断,为联合检测诊断HCC提供了有效的途径;可以用于HCC高危人群的普查及筛选。

高强度聚焦超声治疗对肝癌患者外周血AFP mRNA的影响

目的 探讨高强度聚焦超声治疗对肝癌细胞血道播散的影响。方法 应用Nested RT PCR技术检测19例患者高强度聚焦超声治疗前、后外周血AFPmRNA的表达 ,观察其对肝癌细胞血道播散的影响。结果 ①高强度聚焦超声治疗前 ,19例肝癌患者外周血检出AFPmRNA表达者 11例 ( 5 7.9% ) ,良性疾病对照组均未检出。治疗前AFPmRNA表达阳性率与血清AFP水平、肿瘤直径、门静脉癌栓、远处转移等临床参数明显相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。②余 8例治疗前AFPmRNA表达阴性者 ,有 2例于术后即刻转为阳性 ,其中 1例于 72h后又复转为阴性 ;19例患者于治疗后 1周时其AFPmRNA表达阳性率 ( 31.6 % )低于治疗前 ,但差异无统计学意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。③治疗后 1周时 ,肿瘤直径≤8cm者AFPmRNA表达阳性率低于直径>8cm者 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 高强度聚焦超声治疗可能会降低肝癌的血道播散 ,特别是对于肿瘤直径 ≤8cm的肝癌患者 ,疗效较好。

希罗达对人肝癌组织AFP mRNA表达影响的实验研究

目的 探讨希罗达 (Xeloda)对人肝癌组织AFPmRNA表达的影响。方法 抽提所收集的希罗达治疗组及对照组肝癌组织标本总RNA(共 4 1例 ) ,采用逆转录巢式聚合酶链反应 (RT nestedPCR)技术检测希罗达治疗组及对照组AFPmRNA的表达情况。结果 以RT nestedPCR扩增的AFP基因片段为 10 1bp ,与原设计一致。在希罗达治疗组中 ,2 1例肝癌组织标本中有 12例AFPmRNA呈阳性表达 ,阳性率为 5 7.14 % ;在对照组中 ,2 0例肝癌组织标本中有 18例AFPmRNA呈阳性表达 ,阳性率为 90 .0 0 % ,两者间差异有显著性意义 (P<0 .0 5 )。术后 4周 ,希罗达治疗组血清AFP浓度为 ( 2 3.2± 12 .8) μg/L ,明显低于对照组的 ( 39.6± 2 4 .3) μg/L(P<0 .0 5 ) ,而两者术前血清AFP浓度差异无显著性意义。结论 希罗达能有效抑制人肝癌组织AFPmRNA的表达 ,并降低其表达产物血清AFP浓度。

人外周血AFPmRNA的定性检测和原发性肝细胞癌转移的关系

目的 为探讨人外周血ＡＦＰｍ ＲＮＡ 与肝癌转移之间的关系。方法 采用分子生物学反转录—巢式ＰＣＲ 技术，检测了３８ 例不同肝病患者和９ 例非肝病患者外周血中的ＡＦＰｍ ＲＮＡ。结果 其检出结果分别为：对照组０／９ ；肝硬化组２／１１ ；肝癌未发生转移组２／７ ；局部转移组６／１２ ；远处转移组７／８ 。其中良性组与恶性组之间、肝癌无远处转移与远处转移组之间有显著性差异（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１ 及 Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。另外，肝癌患者中，直径＞ ５ ｃｍ 组外周血中ＡＦＰｍ ＲＮＡ 阳性率明显高于直径＜ ５ｃｍ 组（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。肝癌患者血清ＡＦＰ＞ ４００ｎｇ／ｍｌ 组外周血中ＡＦＰｍ ＲＮＡ 阳性率具有明显高于ＡＦＰ＜ ４００ｎｇ／ｍｌ组（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。肝功能分级与外周血中ＡＦＰｍ ＲＮＡ 阳性率无关。结论 人外周血中ＡＦＰｍ ＲＮＡ 的检测具有重要的临床指导意义，可用于预测肝癌远处转移。

围手术期检测肝细胞癌病人外周血AFP mRNA的临床意义

目的 检测围手术期肝细胞癌病人外周血AFPmRNA ,通过随访评估其预后价值。方法 通过巢式RT PCR的方法 ,在围手术期检测了 4 5例肝细胞癌病人外周血中AFPmRNA的表达 ,并进行了 1～ 2 0个月不等的随访。结果 在 4 5例肝细胞癌病人外周血中 ,AFPmRNA的检出率分别是术前 5 1.1% ,术后 7d 2 4 .4 % ,术后 2 8d 2 2 .2 %。多因素统计分析提示 ,术后 2 8d外周血检出AFPmRNA是提示病人复发的独立预后因素。结论 采用巢式RT PCR的方法检测肝细胞癌病人术后 2

广西肝癌高发区人群外周血AFP-mRNA检测的初步研究

目的:探讨广西肝癌高发区人群中进行外周血AFP-mRNA检测的价值。方法:应用巢式RT-PCR检测117例当地人员外周血AFP-mRNA。HBsAg阴性者30例,HBsAg阳性及ALT正常者35例,HBsAg阳性及ALT异常者29例,HBsAg阳性及AFP异常者23例。结果:117例的外周血AFP-mRNA检测结果均为阴性。结论:利用巢式RT-PCR方法检测广西肝癌高发区人群外周血AFP-mRNA未能发现早期肝癌患者。

AFP、PIVKA-Ⅱ和NLR在HBV-HCC中的诊断价值探讨

目的探讨血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、异常凝血酶原(PIVKA-Ⅱ)与外周血中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合检测对乙型肝炎病毒相关肝细胞癌(HBV-HCC)的诊断价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月期间本院接诊的134例乙型肝炎病毒诱导的相关肝细胞癌患者、80例肝硬化患者和90例乙型肝炎病毒患者分别设为肝癌组、肝硬化组和对照组。采用SPSS26.0、Medcalc软件比较三组AFP、PIVKA-Ⅱ与NLR水平,绘制ROC受试者工作曲线,比较曲线下面积(AUC)和灵敏度,评估各血清标志物单独及联合检测在肝癌诊断中的应用价值。Logistic回归分析肝癌发生的危险因素。结果肝癌组AFP、PIVKA-Ⅱ与NLR水平明显高于肝硬化组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。各项单独分析时,PIVKA-Ⅱ显示了最好的预测效能(AUC 0.858,P<0.001);两两组合时,PIVKA-II+NLR预测性能最佳(AUC=0.874,P<0.001);Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者PIVKA-Ⅱ与AFP水平高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示年龄、PIVKA-Ⅱ和NLR均是肝癌发生的危险因素。三者联合检测AUC为0.902,灵敏度为87.10%,诊断效能有所提高,优于各单项或任意两项联合检测。结论AFP、PIVKA-Ⅱ和NLR对乙型肝炎病毒相关肝癌患者的诊断及分期具有一定的价值,联合检测可以增加HBV-HCC的诊断效能和敏感性。

Relationship between expression of α fetoprotein messenger RNA and some clinical parameters of human hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM To certify the relationship between AFP mRNA and some pathological parameters of he-patocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHOD We detected the expression of AFP in mRNA level in tissue samples from 52 patients suffering from HCC by RT-PCR method.RESULTS The positive rate of AFP mRNA was 76.9% in the HCC tumor tissues, and 69.4% in the paratumor tissues from the HCC patients with severe cirrhosis. However, in HCC patients without cirrhosis, the positive rate reached 50% in tumor tissues, but no AFP mRNA expression was found in the related paratumor tissues.CONCLUSION The AFP protein was specially expressed by HCC cells and mutated hepatocytes. The AFP mRNA was positively related with cirrhosis, but no significant relationship was found between AFP mRNA and tumor size, capsule status and tumor metastasis.

The Effects of Microwave Ablation and Surgical Resection on Hematogenous Dissemination of Cancer Cells in Treating Patients with Small Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE To conduct a comparative study of the effects of treatment using microwave ablation versus surgical resection on hematogenous dissemination of cancer cells, and on the level of immune cells of the peripheral blood in patients with small primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC,≤5 cm). METHODS Forty patients with small PHC (maximal diameter≤5 cm) were divided into a microwave group (19 cases) and a surgical operation group (21 cases). A real-time (RT) quantitative nested RT-PCR examination was performed for peripheral blood alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA. Studies were conducted to determine the level of CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 cells and for liver function at 30 min before, and 30 min,1 day and 3 days after the treatment. RESULTS Compared to the value before ablation, no obvious changes of CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 cells were found in patients of the microwave group within 7 days after ablation, but CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8 cells in the operation group were lower compared to that before operation. The copy number of AFP mRNA in the peripheral blood samples of the patients of the 2 groups before operation was determined in 67.5% of the patients (27/40). There was an rise in the expression after treatment but no statistical difference was found in comparing the 2 groups. Follow-up of the patients was conducted for 1 to 16 months. For patients with continuous expression of peripheral blood AFP mRNA, the possibility of relapse and metastasis was increased. CONCLUSION Surgical resection or microwave ablation can cause more exfoliation of hepatoma carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood of patients with small PHC. The immune function of peripheral blood cells decreased in the patients after surgical resection, however, the immune function was better protected following microwave ablation. Microwave ablation causes minor reduction in liver function, and the treatment method presents a definite value for PHC therapy.

食管鳞癌外周血细胞PD-L1、PD-1及TCF-1 mRNA表达与预后的关系

目的探讨外周血细胞中程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)、程序性死亡受体(PD-1)及TCF-1 mRNA变化及其在食管鳞癌(ESCC)诊断和预后中的价值。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2019年12月间河南科技大学第一附属医院临床医学院肿瘤医院病理确诊的91例ESCC患者和63例非癌对照外周血细胞中PD-L1、PD-1和TCF-1的mRNA表达变化,并通过ROC曲线分析诊断ESCC效能。Log-rank检验确定不同组别生存曲线差异,确定PD-L1、PD-1和TCF-1 mRNA表达与总生存期相关性。结果ESCC患者外周血细胞中PD-L1、PD-1和TCF-1 mRNA显著高于非癌对照者(P<0.05),其诊断ESCC的敏感性和特异性分别为0.58/0.68、0.92/0.64和0.95/0.58,AUC分别为0.66、0.84和0.78,且这3个mRNA分子表达呈正相关。PD-L1、PD-1、TCF-1 mRNA高表达的ESCC患者总生存期明显高于低表达者(P<0.05)。结论PD-L1、PD-1和TCF-1是ESCC潜在的诊断和预后生物标志物分子。

人肝细胞癌中AFP基因的表达

目的：探讨ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ在人肝细胞癌中的表现规律。方法：用ＲＴ－ＮｅｓｔｅｄＰＣＲ技术检测３０例肝癌组织及癌旁组织ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ；放免法检测其血清ＡＦＰ。结果：２８例癌组织ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ阳性（２８／３０），２例癌旁组织ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ阳性；９例血清ＡＦＰ阴性者有７例癌组织ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ阳性；２例癌组织ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ及血清ＡＦＰ均阴性。结论：人肝细胞癌ＡＦＰ基因表达调控形式不同，ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ在早期诊断肝细胞癌中有一定价值。

外周血TgmRNA的检测及诊断甲状腺癌的临床意义

目的:探讨检测外周血中甲状腺球蛋白mRNA对甲状腺癌的诊断价值。方法:应用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术,对55例患者(39例甲状腺癌,7例甲状腺良性肿瘤,9例非甲状腺肿瘤)进行循环血中甲状腺球蛋白mRNA检测。39例甲状腺癌中34例乳头状癌,2例滤泡癌,3例髓样癌。结果:39例中12例发现TgmRNA(31%),其中11例为乳头状癌,1例滤泡癌。7例甲状腺良性肿瘤和9例非甲状腺肿瘤未发现TgmRNA。40%颈淋巴结转移和100%远处转移的病例TgmRNA阳性,而无转移的病例无论原发肿瘤切除与否TgmRNA均阴性。结论:外周血中TgmRNA可作为甲状腺癌的肿瘤标志物,特别对颈部或远处转移具有一定的临床诊断价值。