调查瓜列当对新疆甜瓜的危害,探索瓜列当化学防控方法,为瓜列当防治措施制定及实施提供技术支撑。以新疆伽师县4个甜瓜主产乡镇为代表,调查瓜列当对甜瓜的危害程度及规律。结合新疆甜瓜栽培模式,进行2种除草剂各2种浓度对瓜列当的防治...调查瓜列当对新疆甜瓜的危害,探索瓜列当化学防控方法,为瓜列当防治措施制定及实施提供技术支撑。以新疆伽师县4个甜瓜主产乡镇为代表,调查瓜列当对甜瓜的危害程度及规律。结合新疆甜瓜栽培模式,进行2种除草剂各2种浓度对瓜列当的防治试验。调查的4个乡镇瓜列当都有不同程度的发生。甜瓜播种后50 d直到收获,都有瓜列当寄生危害。75%磺酰磺隆和甲基咪草烟都可用于对甜瓜列当的防治,磺酰磺隆效果优于甲基咪草烟。结合浇水冲施37.5 g a.i.·hm-275%磺酰磺隆,是最有效的新疆甜瓜瓜列当化学防治的施用方式和浓度。展开更多
Weeds are one of the most important biological constraint to cotton production,and result-ing in a yield losses of up to 90%.The evolution of hundreds of resistant weed species,the lack of new herbicide chemistries,an...Weeds are one of the most important biological constraint to cotton production,and result-ing in a yield losses of up to 90%.The evolution of hundreds of resistant weed species,the lack of new herbicide chemistries,and the increase in weed management costs are all mak-ing weed management more arduous for the growers.Hence,a field experiment was con-ducted to investigate the efficacy of allelopathic crop water extracts(ACWEs)alone and in combinaton with one third rate of S-metolachlor 717g ai.ha-1for effective weed man-agement in cotton.The treatments investigated were;weedy check,sorghum+brassica water extract(WE)at 1.5Lha 1,sorghum+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-,sorghum+bras-sica+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-1,sorghum+brassica WE at 15L ha-1+S-metolachlor at 717 g a.i.ha-l,sorghum+sunflower WE at 1.5L ha-1+S-metolachlor at 717 g a.i.ha-1,sor-ghum+brassica WE+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-1+S-metolachlor at 717 gaiha-,and S-metolachlor at recommended rate of 2.15 kg ai.ha-1.Results revealed that pre-emergent application of sorghum+brassica water extract(WE)at 1.5L ha-1 was the best treatment in terms of effective dry biomass reduction(40%)of Trianthema portulacastrum and Cyperus rotundus,and increase in seed cotton yield(12%).The second best treatment was sorghum+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-1+S-metolachlor at 717g ai.ha-1 with yield increase of 11%over the weedy control.In comparison,S-metolachlor at recommended rate 2.15kg a.i.ha-1 recorded only 4%decrease in weeds dry biomass reduction and 8%increase in seed cotton yield.Hence,it can be predicted that binary combinaton of sorghum and brassica WE at 1.5 Lha-1 or binary combination of sorghum+sunflower WE at 15Lha-1 with one third dose of S-metolachlor (717g aiha-l)can be used for effective weed management and increase in seed cotton yield.Furthermore,adoption of this technique will also reduce the herbicide application,which is not only benefcial for the ecosystem but,also minimize the evolution of herbicide-resistant weed species.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Support Program of Hebei Province "Use Technology,Promotion and Application of Broad Spectrum Special Herbicide Monosulfuron Plus Propazine in Millet Fields" (09250307D)Special Foud for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest (20120304201)~~
文摘调查瓜列当对新疆甜瓜的危害,探索瓜列当化学防控方法,为瓜列当防治措施制定及实施提供技术支撑。以新疆伽师县4个甜瓜主产乡镇为代表,调查瓜列当对甜瓜的危害程度及规律。结合新疆甜瓜栽培模式,进行2种除草剂各2种浓度对瓜列当的防治试验。调查的4个乡镇瓜列当都有不同程度的发生。甜瓜播种后50 d直到收获,都有瓜列当寄生危害。75%磺酰磺隆和甲基咪草烟都可用于对甜瓜列当的防治,磺酰磺隆效果优于甲基咪草烟。结合浇水冲施37.5 g a.i.·hm-275%磺酰磺隆,是最有效的新疆甜瓜瓜列当化学防治的施用方式和浓度。
文摘Weeds are one of the most important biological constraint to cotton production,and result-ing in a yield losses of up to 90%.The evolution of hundreds of resistant weed species,the lack of new herbicide chemistries,and the increase in weed management costs are all mak-ing weed management more arduous for the growers.Hence,a field experiment was con-ducted to investigate the efficacy of allelopathic crop water extracts(ACWEs)alone and in combinaton with one third rate of S-metolachlor 717g ai.ha-1for effective weed man-agement in cotton.The treatments investigated were;weedy check,sorghum+brassica water extract(WE)at 1.5Lha 1,sorghum+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-,sorghum+bras-sica+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-1,sorghum+brassica WE at 15L ha-1+S-metolachlor at 717 g a.i.ha-l,sorghum+sunflower WE at 1.5L ha-1+S-metolachlor at 717 g a.i.ha-1,sor-ghum+brassica WE+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-1+S-metolachlor at 717 gaiha-,and S-metolachlor at recommended rate of 2.15 kg ai.ha-1.Results revealed that pre-emergent application of sorghum+brassica water extract(WE)at 1.5L ha-1 was the best treatment in terms of effective dry biomass reduction(40%)of Trianthema portulacastrum and Cyperus rotundus,and increase in seed cotton yield(12%).The second best treatment was sorghum+sunflower WE at 1.5Lha-1+S-metolachlor at 717g ai.ha-1 with yield increase of 11%over the weedy control.In comparison,S-metolachlor at recommended rate 2.15kg a.i.ha-1 recorded only 4%decrease in weeds dry biomass reduction and 8%increase in seed cotton yield.Hence,it can be predicted that binary combinaton of sorghum and brassica WE at 1.5 Lha-1 or binary combination of sorghum+sunflower WE at 15Lha-1 with one third dose of S-metolachlor (717g aiha-l)can be used for effective weed management and increase in seed cotton yield.Furthermore,adoption of this technique will also reduce the herbicide application,which is not only benefcial for the ecosystem but,also minimize the evolution of herbicide-resistant weed species.
