Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) as an Alternative Evaluation Tool for Historical Built Heritages in Lahore, Pakistan

Heritage Impact Assessments(HIAs)are progressively needed to investigate potential impacts and outcomes of development on the Outstanding Universal Value(OUV)of world heritage properties.However,many key stakeholders involved in implementing the World Heritage Convention lack the management system,methodological tools,and guidelines to conduct effective impact assessments in areas without these resources.The paper explores the successful utilization of the Heritage Impact Assessment(HIA)tool to address concerns raised by UNESCO and civil society.This occurred when the Punjab government initiated the Orange Line Metro Train Project(OLMT)near the World Heritage Shalimar Garden and other historic monuments in Lahore.The project aimed to meet the daily transportation needs of around 2.5 million commuters.

Protection and Development of Rural Intangible Cultural Heritages in Shaanxi Province,China

The significance of protection and development of rural intangible cultural heritages was elaborated from the perspectives of rural harmonious culture,rural cultural innovation and rural cultural industry.Based on these analyses,the present protection and development of rural intangible cultural heritages in Shaanxi was illustrated.In the end,all-dimensional countermeasures covering government,inheritors,NGO and the public were proposed for the effective protection and rational development of rural intangible cultural heritages in Shaanxi Province.

The Exploitation of Agricultural Civilization Heritages of Minority Community in Guangxi——A Case Study of Longsheng Dragon Back Terrace

Having outlined evolution and tour value of Dragon Back Terraces in Longsheng County,Guilin,the author puts forward following proposals for tour development in policy-making:(1) With improving the villages of the Minority community,to set up ecological museums in which the cultures of Minority are preserved,the primitive local "live humanity heritages" are shown as the key display on the basis of typical agricultural complex ecological system;(2) To encourage the citizens of the community to participate in the tour industry development,including the participation both in the decision-making in tour planning and preservation of the terrace agricultural civilization heritages as well as the allocation of the income of the local tour industry;(3)To promote the mutual development of both folkways and sightseeing tour,to enhance the exploitation of the present natural scenic and historical landscapes through the making full advantages of the present tour market.The Dragon Back Terraces are characterized by the important tour values,including the rich and colorful natural landscapes,typical complex agricultural ecological system,and the combination of the Minority folkways and agricultural civilization.

Local Transfer of Surplus Labors and Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritages in Fenghuang County of West Hunan Province,China

The significance of local transfer of surplus rural labors in regions of minorities for the protection of intangible cultural heritages was discussed from 3 perspectives:definition of intangible cultural heritages,significance of protecting and inheriting intangible cultural heritages,and the role of local transfer of surplus rural labors in protecting and inheriting intangible cultural heritages.By taking Fenghuang County(Phoenix County)in west Hunan Province for an example,local transfer of surplus rural labor forces was proposed,and it was suggested that such a transfer could be realized from the following aspects:promoting industrialization of agriculture,developing tourism industry in rural regions of minorities,supporting rural labors to start their own business,attracting university graduates to return to their hometowns for founding their own undertakings.Moreover,relevant strategies were elaborated to increase income of rural residents,guarantee the efficient inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritages in regions of minorities.

Feature Maintenance and Style Restoration of Landscape Heritages

Through reviewing theories and practices of international garden heritages conservation since the 19th century and summarizing experiences of previous studies,feature maintenance and style restoration of landscape heritages were studied,and corresponding protection measures and strategies were put forward.

Outlets for Cultural Heritages Protection in Disaster Area after the Earthquake—A Case Study of 5·12 Earthquake Area in China

Based on the cultural heritages' characteristics in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area and after the analysis of cultural heritages destruction after the earthquake,the paper had concluded the damage of cultural heritages in different areas and forms,and pointed out the significance of earthquake resistance of cultural heritages and outlets for cultural heritages protection.Furthermore,it proposed measures and suggestions for cultural heritages protection from the perspective of national laws and regulations and the broad masses of the people.It emphasized that it should enhance all kinds of prevention measures by means of law and effectively protect cultural heritages;definitely formulae earthquake-proofing standards of architectures in law;intensify the protection of non-material cultural heritages;and protect architectural cultural heritages as many as possible.Besides,it should call on the broad masses of the people who would be the major force and true master of architectural cultural heritages protection.On this basis,it had further taken international beneficial experience for non-material cultural heritages as the reference,so as to help people think about cultural heritages protection.

The geological heritages in Xinjiang, China： Its features and protection

The geological heritage protection and its development at home and abroad reflect the progress in the aspect from the single protection to the coordination between protection and exploitation. The geopark established by UNESCO has closely combined the protection of geological heritages with the promotion of sustainable development of local economy, which has become the best way to protect geological heritages. The geological heritages in Xinjiang, China, are characterized by their large quantity, rich variety and high grade. The complicated geologic-geomorphic environment in Xinjiang contributes to the creation of various geological heritage types and their spatial distribution, and at the same time makes them under control. The main types of the geological heritages in Xinjiang are the geologic-geomorphic landscapes and the water landscapes. The spatial distribution can be divided into five geological heritage districts： Altay, Junggar, Tianshan, Tarim and Kunlun-Altun, among which Tianshan and Kunlun-Altun are most important. Based on the first systematic investigation of the geological heritages in Xinjiang, it is confirmed that the insufficient coordination between protection and exploitation is the primary cause for the backward situation in the geological heritage protection. To solve the problem, this paper proposes 6 major protection steps--from determining the protection types, the protection forms, the protection modes, the protection grades, the protection sequences to determining the＇ protection zones, brings forward the idea of optimal-selection which integrates geoparks with geological heritage protection areas and other protection areas as protection and exploitation reserve list for 209 well as 5 corresponding modes, and makes a important geological heritages in Xinjiang.

Global Comparisons of Geological Heritages in Alxa and Establishment of Global Geopark

Alxa,located at the junction of the North China plate and the Tarim plate,is characterized by complicated geological conditions and obvious climate changes.Unique geological and geographic conditions formed a variety of landscapes in Alxa, including desert landscape,Gobi landscape,wind -erosion landform,canyon landform,etc.This paper compares and evaluates the scientific interests

Conservation and Reuse of Urban Industrial Heritages: A Case Study of Granville Island in Canada

This paper reviews the conservation and reuse of industrial heritages at home and abroad, analyzes the status of the conservation and reuse of industrial heritages from four aspects, namely architectural format, architectural style and features, transport system, landscape sign and natural environment on the basis of a case study of Granville Island in Canada, and summarizes its experience in preservation and reuse, with a view to providing constructive reference for the conservation and reuse of domestic industrial heritages.

Research on Fossil Heritages Protection in Xingwen World Geopark

There are various Permian fossil heritages in Xingwen World Geopark.However,during constructing Geopark in recent years,the fossil heritages have suffered more serious damages,and thus the protection models of the fossil heritage are worth studying.This paper describes the fossil heritages' types,abundance and preservation of the current status quo in the geopark.It turns out that natural factors and human factors are the main reasons why lead to the destruction of fossil heritages.At last,it puts forward the corresponding measures in order to protect the integrity of fossil heritages in the world geopark.

Study on the Space Layout of Landscape Heritages in Jingshan Temple Scenic Area

Based on the analysis of the historical and the current status of Jingshan Temple Scenic Area,the research made a discussion on the protection and utilization of its outer space in terms of carding,transition,and intensifying,and made an exploration on the characteristics of space layout in the heritage protection of mountainous scenery,and adopted some measures for protection and utilization of outer space.

On Development of Leisure Tourism Products of Intangible Cultural Heritages in Wuxi City

Based upon the brief introduction of the concept of intangible cultural heritage and the relationship between intangible culture and leisure market,the current situation and existing problems of leisure tourism products of Wuxi City are analyzed.The article points out that there are 5 types of leisure products in Wuxi City including scenic spots,natural landscape,urban leisure,rural biological leisure as well as cultural leisure.As for problems of single structure of leisure products,lack of participation and culture,monotonous and unreasonably expensive night travel products,incomplete facilities for certain products,and weak consumption ability,some relevant propositions on leisure tourism products of Wuxi City from the angle of intangible cultural heritage are made,emphasizing to take advantage of the various forms of leisure products in order to enhance the cultural connotation of the present leisure products,add charm to night travel,and boost leisure consumption.

Route evaluation indexes of Changsha-Jishou freeway for protecting cultural heritages and natural environment

The highway construction inevitably may cause certain influence to the cultural heritage and the natural environment along the route, particularly in design stage; if the route selection is unreasonable, it will certainly impact the natural resource seriously along the route. On the contrary, good design can reasonably develop, use, protect and promote the value of cultural heritage and natural environment. Changsha to Jishou （Chang-Ji） freeway is one section of Changsha to Chongqing freeway, which is one of the eight big west channels as planned in China; two cities of Changde and Huaihua and one autonomous region of Xianxi in western Hunan province, along which the cultural heritage and the natural resource are rich, and the natural landscape is exquisite. This paper investigates and analyzes the natural resources along the route of Chang-Ji freeway, puts forward some protection design evaluation indexes for mountain area freeway by the thought of context sensitive design. At last, the paper introduces the effect of applying the indexes to select route of Chang-Ji freeway.

Bring Cultural Heritages Alive

With its history of more than 5,000 years,the Chinese civilization has accumulated a large number of cultural heritages.These include 767,000 immovable cultural relics,56 World Heritage Sites,5,058 historical and cultural sites under first-class national protection,36 national archaeological ruins parks,and 137 cities of historical and cultural fame.

Cover Story

Traditional villages are cultural heritage sites representing stages of historical development,with unique regional cultural characteristics and significant cultural values,and their preservation should focus on integrity,authenticity,and egrity,au continuity,The protection and development of traditional villages should be guided by a scientifically sound approach.Post-disaster reconstruction is a topic of global concen,and trnditional villages,with their special heritage nttributes,face additional demands and obstacles in post-disaster reconstruction.Post-disaster reconstruction of traditional villages is a dynamic process of changing the production and livelihoods of affected residents while restoring and protecting heritage during this process,Concretely,it is urgent to identify thc main problems faced by post-disaster recovery and reconstruction of traditional vil lages based on the heritage attributes,and probes the protection planning design paths and revitalization strategies accor dingly.

Problem identification and revitalization strategies for the recovery and reconstruction of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding Earthquake

Post-disaster reconstruction is a topic of global concern,and traditional villages have special heritage attributes and need to face more requirements and obstacles in post-disaster reconstruction.This paper summarizes four concepts based on the research on post-disaster reconstruction both domestically and internationally,as well as the recovery and reconstruction of cultural heritage.Through a field survey of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake-stricken area,it is found that there are problems such as insufficient awareness of heritage value,misalignment of scientific reconstruction technology,and insufficient protection of reconstruction elements during the reconstruction process.Traditional villages face the risk of declining or even loss of heritage value.In order to effectively protect traditional villages and inherit the carrier of regional culture,four targeted reconstruction response strategies are proposed,i.e.,to"establish special planning for traditional village preservation","emphasize recovery of the authenticity of village heritage","ensure elements for village heritage recovery"and"promote the activation and utilization of village heritage",based on the problems discovered during the survey and the four concepts summarized in the research on post-disaster reconstruction of traditional villages.The research results hope to provide useful reference for ancient cultural areas affected by earthquakes on how to protect cultural heritage during the post-disaster reconstruction process.

Exploring factors of disaster preparedness in UNESCO-designated heritage sites

Increased hazards threatening the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)-designated sites and endangering cultural heritage and community well-being require attention and action.Con-sidering the pivotal role of UNESCO sites in conservation and development,this study assessed their levels of disaster preparedness.The absence of studies assessing disaster awareness,risk perception,and preparedness among UNESCO site actors,as well as the pivotal place of preparedness within the Disaster Risk Management(DRM)cycle justifies this research.Applying the tenets of the Person-Relative-to-Event framework,we hypothe-sized that a strong positive correlation exists between perceived risks,resources,and disaster preparedness.To collect pertinent data,we employed an embedded mixed-method design and conducted an online questionnaire survey yielding 141 responses from 59 countries.From the results of relevant analyses,wildfires,floods,and droughts are top hazards occurring frequently in UNESCO sites,with significant concerns about pollution and habitat loss during future events.Smartphones emerged as the most available crucial DRM resource,with higher availability of DRM resources correlating positively and significantly with sites’preparedness.Our findings con-tribute valuable insights to address missing links for disaster-ready and resilient UNESCO sites,promoting their preservation for future generations.

Research on Developing an Assessment Scale for Tourism Experience Elements of Ancient Shu Road Heritage Trail

Cultural ancient roads,known in Chinese as gudao,serve as heritage trails that carry historical exchanges across various regions in China.Due to their extensive preservation,wide geographical distribution,diverse thematic variations,and considerable tourist appeal,these paths have emerged as representative heritage trails,increasingly transforming into a novel tourism product experience that is highly favored by tourists and recognized by government authorities.However,research on ancient roads for tourism in China currently lacks a systematic theoretical framework,as well as relevant policies,regulations,and standards to guide their practical development.Therefore,there is a pressing need to draw upon international best practices and conduct foundational research to develop an experience element system that aligns with the perceptions,behaviors,and consumption characteristics of Chinese tourists,thereby advancing theoretical exploration in this field.This study focuses on the representative Ancient Shu Road as a case study and employs a mixed-method approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative research.It aims to construct a tourist-centric scale for the experience elements of ancient road tourism while analyzing the interactive relationship between these experience elements and tourist needs.This study addresses a significant gap in the development of indicator systems for domestic studies of ancient road tourism experiences.Ultimately,the study establishes a comprehensive scale that encompasses three core categories—trail resources and environment,facilities and services,and modes of tourism activities—along with eight primary dimensions:core resources,surrounding cultural environment,surrounding natural environment,tourism reception facilities and services,infrastructure and support services,information facilities and information services,and outdoor and recreational activities.This scale consists of thirty-two specific items,providing a robust reference for future research endeavors.Additionally,the study proposes specific development strategies related to key mechanisms,spatial configuration,and facility construction to enhance the overall development of ancient road tourism.

Study on the Protection of Sites of“Maritime Silk Road”in Haikou from the Perspective of World Cultural Heritage

The sites of Maritime Silk Road in Haikou City are composed of sites of navigation and trade,religious temples and stone monuments,urban construction and coastal defense scattered on the south bank of the Qiongzhou Strait.They played a key role in the formation and shaping of the settlements in Haikou City,recorded the process of intercommunication and integration between Chinese civilization and other regional cultures,and witnessed the germination,flourishing and inheritance of Haikou’s unique marine culture.The mixture of points,lines and planes blends with the urban area and coastline of Haikou City in spatial distribution.In this paper,from the perspective of world cultural heritage,some suggestions for the protection planning of sites of Maritime Silk Road in Haikou City were proposed based on the analysis of historical and geographical background,comparison of domestic and foreign similar sites,and evaluation of cultural heritage value.

Microspace Revitalization Design around Xihuangcun Railway Station from the Perspective of Urban Renewal

Railways within the city carry the historical memory of urban development and are important industrial heritage resources.However,with urban development and changes in transportation functions,railways lose their original application value and are gradually left unused or even abandoned,affecting the vitality of the region.Taking the space around Xihuangcun Railway Station as the research object,the public activity space on both sides of the railway is reshaped through five strategies:function revitalization,traffic revitalization,heritage revitalization,spatial revitalization,and landscape revitalization,and the grey area of the city is transformed into a vibrant development zone of the city.