Research on the macro-and meso-mechanical properties of frozen sand mold based on Hertz-Mindlin with Bonding model

In this study,macro-and meso-mechanical properties of frozen sand molds were discussed based on the Hertz-Mindlin with Bonding(HMB)model.Plackett-Burman,steepest ascent,and central composite designs were utilized to propose a parameter calibration methodology.The effects of mesoscopic parameter variations on the compressive strength and average gradient of stress-strain were investigated through response surface method analysis.Results showed that the relative error between the simulated and measured repose angle is 3.1%under calibrated intrinsic contact parameters.The compressive strength and average stress-strain gradient primarily depend on the normal and shear stiffness per unit area,as well as the particle size and porosity of the silica sand.Furthermore,taking load-displacement curves of three frozen sand molds with different geometric characteristics as the target value,the reliability and effectiveness of the frozen sand mold HMB model were verified through uniaxial compression tests and discrete element simulations.

Shear wave velocity prediction during CO_2-EOR and sequestration in the Gao89 well block of the Shengli Oilfield

Shear-wave velocity is a key parameter for calibrating monitoring time-lapse 4D seismic data during CO2-EOR （Enhanced Oil Recovery） and CO2 sequestration. However, actual S-wave velocity data are lacking, especially in 4D data for CO2 sequestration because wells are closed after the CO2 injection and seismic monitoring is continued but no well log data are acquired. When CO2 is injected into a reservoir, the pressure and saturation of the reservoirs change as well as the elastic parameters of the reservoir rocks. We propose a method to predict the S-wave velocity in reservoirs at different pressures and porosities based on the Hertz-Mindlin and Gassmann equations. Because the coordination number is unknown in the Hertz Mindlin equation, we propose a new method to predict it. Thus, we use data at different CO2 injection stages in the Gao89 well block, Shengli Oilfield. First, the sand and mud beds are separated based on the structural characteristics of the thin sand beds and then the S-wave velocity as a function of reservoir pressure and porosity is calculated. Finally, synthetic seismic seismograms are generated based on the predicted P- and S-wave velocities at different stages of CO2 injection.

海域天然气水合物岩石物理建模方法

海域天然气水合物赋存于疏松沉积物中,天然气水合物岩石物理建模之前需要建立疏松沉积物的岩石物理模型。为此,针对传统疏松沉积物岩石物理模型存在横波速度估计误差偏高、建模过程不自洽的问题,考虑海水对沉积物颗粒的润滑作用,引入改进的Hertz-Mindlin方程进行岩石物理建模,提高了建模精度;针对疏松沉积物的建模过程,首先利用改进的Hertz-Mindlin方程计算临界孔隙度条件下沉积物的弹性模量,然后利用Hashine-Shtrikman界限计算疏松沉积物骨架的弹性模量;在讨论不同赋存形态的水合物对沉积物弹性性质的影响及适用模型、判别准则的基础上,针对以颗粒支撑和孔隙流体充填两种赋存状态存在的天然水合物,设计了兼容两种赋存形态的岩石物理建模方法和流程。浅钻井的实测曲线与建模结果吻合度高,证实了该方法的适用性。

Amending Research on the Expression of the Contact Force of the Spindle Barrel Finishing Based on EDEM Simulation

The spindle barrel finishing is commonly used to improve the surface integrity of the important parts of the high-end equipment while it is difficult to provide enough test artifacts for the traditional trial and error experiment to obtain the desirable processing technology.The EDEM simulation of the spindle barrel finishing can provide effective help for the process design,however,the difference between the simulation and experiment is closely related to the selection of the contact model during simulation.In this paper,simulations and experiments are conducted based on the identical apparatus and conditions to facilitate the comparison and validation between each other.Based on the Hertz contact theory,the effect of the material properties of contact objects and the relative position of the workpiece on the contact force is qualified.The expression of the correlation coefficient of the contact model is deduced.Then the formula for calculating the contact force between the barrel finishing abrasive and the workpiece that includes influence coefficient of the material properties and the relative positions is established.Finally,the contact force calculation formula is verified by changing the rotating speed.The result shows that the material correction coefficient ranges from 1.41 to 2.38,which is inversely related to the equivalent modulus E.The position correction coefficient ranges from 2.0 to 2.3.The relative error value between the calculation result and the experimental test result is from 0.58%to 14.07%.This research lay a theoretical foundation for the correction theory of the core elements of the spindle barrel finishing process.

疏松砂岩干岩石模量研究

目前对疏松砂岩的研究主要是基于一些模型的思想,这些模型都是以Hertz-Mindlin和Walton的接触理论作为基础,从而很好的预测疏松砂岩的干岩石模量。但是,这传统的疏松砂岩模型并不能很好地表征疏松砂岩的弹性性质,经过研究发现,HMR、HMS预测的干岩石的体积模量比实际测量值略低,如果用Hashin-Shtrikman下限方程内插,会产生更大的误差;HMR、WR预测的剪切模量都会比实际值高出很多,主要是没有考虑颗粒边界的相对运动;WS的适用性不是很好,有些地方预测效果很好,有些地区效果很差;HMS的预测效果很好,适用性很强,但是预测的结果都比实际值略低,如果用Hashin-Shtrikman上限进行内插,会取得很好的结果,并将该结果与传统的疏松砂岩模型对比分析,发现该方法具有很高的精度。

主轴式滚磨光整加工接触力修正系数研究

高端装备关重件多采用主轴式滚磨光整加工提高零件表面完整性,传统的用反复实验摸索滚磨光整工艺的办法存在工件提供难或数量少的实际问题。基于EDEM仿真主轴式滚磨光整加工可以为工艺制定提供有效的帮助,但模拟仿真与实际工况的差异性尚未可知。将滚抛磨块尺寸、滚筒转速以及加工位置作为影响接触力大小的评价指标,考虑仿真模拟与实验验证的可比性,设计构建了与仿真模拟完全相同的实验装置和工艺参数环境,选用Hertz-Mindlin无滑移接触模型进行模拟仿真,探究模拟仿真与实验测试得到的工件与滚抛磨块之间的法向接触力的规律性。通过量化接触对象球径比、加工位置以及滚筒转速对于接触力的影响,推导出接触力相关修正系数的表达式,进而建立包含接触对象球径比和速位影响系数的滚抛磨块与工件之间的接触力计算公式,并验证了不同径向位置处接触力计算公式的适用性。结果表明:球径比系数在(2.6664~2.9601)之间,其值与滚抛磨块尺寸成负相关关系;速位修正系数在(0.9519~1.9097)之间;采用修正后接触力表达式进行分析计算,计算结果与实验测试结果相对误差值在(0.08~18.91)%之间,该方法可以为滚磨光整加工实际工艺磨块与工件之间接触力提供可信的计算方法。

H-M黏结接触模型在某大型岩质滑坡预测中的应用

为了探究大型岩质滑坡在运动过程中的各项特性,提出采用Hertz-Mindlin黏结接触模型模拟岩石颗粒间的相互作用,并将其用于预测某大型岩质滑坡的滑动过程,结果表明:根据滑坡运动速度分布规律,可将岩质滑坡运动过程划分为坡体失稳、加速滑动和减速堆积3个阶段;在边坡失稳阶段,滑坡体整体运动速度小,局部岩体发生坍塌掉落,这是发生大规模滑坡的前兆,应引起重视;滑坡体前部和中部运动速度大,最终堆积到河谷内,而后部坡体滑动受阻,大部分岩体堆积在上部峡谷内部,是发生二次滑坡和泥石流的物源;随着滑坡的运动,岩体结构破坏逐渐增加,岩体贯穿性裂缝出现在失稳阶段。根据滑坡的堆积特征,发现小岩块位于上游,大岩块位于下游,滑坡体往下游运动的距离更远,说明滑坡对下游影响更大。根据以上计算成果,认为将Hertz-Mindlin黏结接触模型用于岩质滑坡的模拟预测是合理的。