Influence of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed FeCrMoCBY Amorphous Coatings

The changes of the microstructure and the mechanical properties of FeCrMoCBY amorphous coatings prepared by plasma spraying after heat treatment were investigated.300,400,500 and 600℃were selected as the heat treatment temperature,and the crystallization phenomenon occurred after the heat treatment at 600℃.The crystallization products of the coating heat-treated at 600℃were a-Fe and Fe23(C,B)6.Heat treatment was beneficial to the microhardness and the bonding strength of the coatings.The microhardness of the coating heat-treated at 600℃increased obviously,and the strongest bonding strength occurred in the coating heat-treated at 500℃.The improvement of the wear resistance of the coatings could attribute to heat treatment as well,and the wear resistance of the coating heat-treated at 600℃was the optimum,compared with the coating heat-treated at 500℃.

Influence of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Sliding Wear Behavior of Fe-Al/WC Composite Coatings

An experimental study has been carried out to investigate the influence of heat treatment at 300 ℃,450 ℃,550 ℃,650 ℃ and 800 ℃ on the microstructure and sliding wear behavior of Fe Al/WC intermetallic composite coatings produced by high velocity arc spraying (HVAS) and cored wires. The result shows, the main phases in both as sprayed and heat treated Fe Al/WC composite coatings are iron aluminide intermetallics (Fe 3Al+FeAl) and α as well as a little oxide (Al 2O 3) and carbides (WC, W 2C, Fe 2W 2C and Fe 6W 6C). After heat treated at 450-650 ℃, dispersion strengthening of Fe 2W 2C and Fe 6W 6C will lead to a rise in microhardness of the coatings. The microhardness is likely to be the most important factor which influences the sliding wear behavior of the coatings. Increasing the microhardness through heat treatment will improve the sliding wear resistance of the Fe Al/WC composite coatings.

Influence of heat treatment on microstructure and tribological properties of flame spraying Fe–Ni–Al alloy coating

The Fe-based coatings in powder form were deposited on a steel type E335 by flame spraying technique.The effects of the post heat treatment on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of sprayed coatings were studied.Post heat treatment was conducted in a furnace in air at 623 K,823 K and 1023 K for 1 h and then cooled in air.The results showed that with the increase of annealing temperature,the microstructure of coating treated at 823 K and 1023 K had several changes as follows:the reduction of porosity,formation of carbides and oxides.It was found that the solid solution FCC(Fe,Ni),intermetallic compound AlFe3 and carbides[Fe,C]were the main phases for coatings as-sprayed and treated at 623 K and while iron carbide,molybdenum carbide and oxide as Fe3O4 became the main phases and reinforced the solid solution FCC(Fe,Ni)phase for annealed coatings at 823 K.However,it was observed the disappearance of molybdenum carbide and oxide Fe3O4 at 1023 K.The coating annealed at 823 K exhibited an excellent wear resistance than the as-sprayed and annealed coatings at 623 K and 1023 K and shows the lower wear rate than another coating treated or as sprayed.

Influence of heat treatment on microstructures and micro-hardness of n-SiO2/Ni composite coating

The n-SiO2/Ni composite electro-brush plating coating was prepared on the 1045 steel substrate. SEM and TEM were utilized to analyze the surface and cross-section morphologies or the microstructures of the composite coating before and after heat treatment, as well as a micro-hardness tester was used to measure the micro-hardness before and after heat treatment. The results show that the entrance of nano SiO2 particles into composite coating makes the micro-hardness higher. After heat treatment, due to the obstruction to growth of Ni crystals from nano particles, the composite coating still possesses a higher micro-hardness than that of common Ni-base coating.

Effect of vacuum heat treatment on microstructure and microhardness of cold sprayed Cu-4Cr-2Nb alloy coating

The effect of vacuum heat treatment on the microstructure and microhardness of cold-sprayed Cu-4%Cr-2%Nb alloy coating was investigated. The heat treatment was conducted under the temperatures from 250 ℃ to 950 ℃ with a step of 100 ℃ for 2 h. It was found that a dense thick Cu-4Cr-2Nb coating could be formed by cold spraying. After heat treatment, a Cr2Nb phase was uniformly distributed in the matrix, which was transferred from the gas-atomized feedstock. A little grain growth of Cr2Nb phase was observed accompanying with the healing-up of the incomplete interfaces between the deposited particles at the elevated temperatures. The coating microhardness increases a little with increasing the temperature to 350 ℃, and then decreases with further increasing temperature up to 950 ℃. This fact can be attributed to the microstructure evolution during the heat treatment.

The Effects of Different Post-Heat Treatments on Rolling Contact Fatigue Behaviors of Direct Laser Cladding Inconel 625 Coatings

In this paper,the microstructures and rolling contact fatigue behaviors of laser cladding Inconel 625 coatings with or without post-heat treatments were analyzed.The results revealed that the fatigue resistance of the laser cladding coating after any post-heat treatment was worse than that of the as-deposited coating.First,through the finite element analysis,the distribution of stress along the thickness direction of the coating was obtained,and it was concluded that the bonding interface between the coating and the matrix had little effect on the fatigue properties of the coating.Then X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS)were used to analyze the microstructure and failure morphology.The results revealed that the subsurface failure morphology of the coatings showed a consistent correlation with rolling fatigue property after different heat treatments.The TCP phase and carbides have been shown in the laser cladding coating.The coating after stress relieved annealing exhibited chain-shaped granular carbides on the grain boundaries which could accelerate crack propagation.The aging heat treatment made small amounts of Laves phase dissolved in the coating,while the dispersed phase was precipitated which could result in the formation of pores.And the solution treatment made large amounts of Laves phase dissolved,while the rod-shape brittle phases were generated which was easy to fracture and contribute to crack initiation and spalling.

Microstructure and Wear Resistance Evolution of HVOFSprayed WC-(W,Cr)_2C-Ni Coating with Post Heat Treatment In Air Atmosphere

WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni coating was prepared on 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel and C-276 Ni-base Hastelloy by high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spraying.The effect of post heat treatment in air atmosphere on the microstructure,phase composition,microhardness,fracture toughness,and wear resistance of HVOF-sprayed WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni coating was investigated.The microstructure and phase composition of the coatings were analyzed by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The microhardness and fracture toughness of the coatings were measured using a microhardness tester and a Vickers hardness tester.Moreover,dry friction and wear behavior of the coatings sliding against Si3N4 ball was investigated using an oscillating friction and wear tester;and the worn surfaces of the coatings were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM).It was found that heat treatment within 500-800°C resulted in crystallization of amorphous phase in as-sprayed coating,generating nanoscale new phases such as NiWO4,CrWO4 and Cr2WO6.Besides,heat treatment led to increase of the microhardness of as-sprayed coating,and the highest microhardness was obtained after heat treatment at 800°C.The fracture toughness and wear resistance of the as-sprayed coating increased with increasing heat treatment temperature up to 700°C but tended to decrease with further elevating temperature.In other words,the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the as-sprayed coatings were worsened owing to excessive growth of oxidation grains and depletion of ductile Ni binder after heat treatment above 700°C.Thus it was suggested that as-sprayed ceramic composite coating should be post heat treated in air at a moderate temperature of 700°C so as to achieve the optimized mechanical properties and wear resistance.

Effect of vacuum heat treatment on microstructure and corrosion behavior of HVOF sprayed AICoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy

To improve the corrosion resistance of coalbed methane drilling equipment,an AICoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy coating was prepared on the AISI 4135(35CrMo)steel substrate by high velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF)technology,and the coating was subjected to vacuum heat treatment(VHT)at different temperatures(500,700,900 and 1100℃).The corrosion test of the substrate and the coatings after VHT in coalbed methane drilling fluid was carried out.The results show that the HVOF sprayed AICoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy(HEA)coating has a good bonding with the substrate,and the porosity of the coating is about 2.4%.There is partial segregation in the coating,and the coating mainly consists of body-centered cubic phase.The coating has good thermal stability,and the phase structure and microstructure of the coatings have changed after VHT at different temperatures.Compared with the substrate,the as-sprayed coating has better uniform corrosion resistance,and the corrosion resistance of the coating after VHT is further improved.After VHT at 500℃,the HVOF-sprayed AICoCrFeNiCu HEA coating has the best corrosion resistance.

Behavior of NiCrAlY coating on the TC6 titanium alloy

A NiCrAlY coating was deposited on the TC6 titanium substrate by arc ion plating （ALP）. The structure and morphologies of the NiCrAlY coating were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and the influence of vacuum heat treatment on the element diffusion behavior was studied. The results showed that the y＇-Ni3Al phase was precipitated on the NiCrAlY coating after heat treatment. The Ni3（AI,Ti）, TiNi, and Ti2Ni intermetallic layers appeared at the interface from the outside to the inside at 700℃, and the thickness of the intermetallic layers increased with the increase in temperature. At 700℃ Ti and Ni were the major diffusion elements, and the diffusion of Cr was observed when the heat treatment temperature increased up to 870℃. The violent inward diffusion of Ni at 950℃ resulted in the degradation of the NiCrAlY coating.

热处理对Zr-B-N纳米复合涂层显微结构的影响

利用高功率脉冲和脉冲直流复合磁控溅射技术制备Zr-B-N涂层,研究沉积过程中的氮气流量和热处理温度对涂层显微结构的影响。采用电子探针显微分析仪、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对涂层的成分、断面形貌及结构进行观察和分析。结果表明:热处理温度为600℃时,涂层表面开始形成氧化膜,部分锆离子与氧反应生成(116)晶面取向的Zr_3O;在N_2流量为6 m L/min(标准状态)时,经热处理后涂层结构仍以非晶相为主;当氮气流量为10 m L/min时,随着热处理温度升高,涂层结构逐渐变得疏松,氧化反应加剧。氮分压越高制备的涂层结构越致密,抗氧化能力越强;当热处理温度达800℃时,涂层表面开始出现裂纹,部分涂层脱离基体,严重失效。

NiCrAlY涂层/TC4基体界面反应机理

采用电弧离子镀技术在TC4(Ti6Al4V)合金基体表面沉积制备NiCrAlY涂层。通过扫描电镜与能谱分析、X射线衍射分析及显微硬度测试,研究真空热处理对NiCrAlY涂层组织性能的影响;分析界面反应产物的形成过程;讨论Cr元素在界面反应中的作用机制。研究结果表明:真空热处理后NiCrAlY涂层中有γ-′Ni3Al相析出,提高了涂层的表面硬度;在870℃以下热处理,NiCrAlY涂层/TC4基体界面反应产物的出现顺序依次为:相变影响区→Ni3(Al,Ti)和Ti2Ni化合物层→TiNi化合层;Cr元素在870℃以上开始扩散并参与界面反应,形成TiCr2化合物。

热处理对超音速火焰喷涂WC涂层微观结构及性能的影响

利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、冲蚀试验机等手段研究不同温度退火热处理对超音速火焰喷涂WC-10Co4Cr涂层的微观结构、显微硬度、结合强度、耐磨性能等的影响。结果表明:当退火热处理温度低于450℃时,涂层的相组织结构未发生明显改变,显微硬度及耐干摩擦磨损性能随着热处理温度的升高而提高,并在450℃时出现峰值;当热处理温度高于450℃时,随着热处理温度的升高,涂层中WC、Co、Cr相的含量逐渐降低,大部分转化为CoWO_4、Cr_2O_5、C_6WO_6等氧化物相,涂层的孔隙率明显升高,耐泥沙冲蚀性能明显降低;当热处理温度升高到600℃以上时,涂层的结合强度开始降低;当热处理温度为850℃时,涂层整体剥落。

高频感应重熔处理火焰喷涂NiCrBSi涂层的显微组织与力学性能

采用高频感应加热技术对普通火焰喷涂NiCrBSi涂层进行了重熔处理,分析了重熔后涂层的显微组织与力学性能,探讨了涂层显微组织、单一析出相微/纳力学性能之间的对应关系。结果表明,重熔后NiCrBSi涂层的层状结构与孔隙消失,涂层/基体界面形成了代表涂层冶金结合特征、厚度约为10μm的"白区"显微组织,涂层成分在原有γ-Ni、Ni_3Fe和M_(23)C_6型碳化物基础上,出现了Fe_3C、Ni_3B、以及Cr_7C_3和CrB析出相;重熔后涂层显微硬度沿表面至基体方向呈近似线性逐渐降低,表层显微硬度约为675 HV_(0.2),接近界面区域硬度降至440 HV_(0.2),涂层内部Cr_7C_3、CrB、γ-Ni和"白区"纳米压痕硬度分别为19.2、7.0、5.0和4.2 GPa;涂层硬度变化符合"复合材料混合定律",由各物相分布及其硬度共同决定。

热处理对NiCr/Cr_3C_2-WS_2复合涂层组织与性能的影响

为了研究激光熔覆NiCr/Cr3C2-WS2高温耐磨自润滑复合涂层组织的高温稳定性,对所制备的复合涂层在600℃下分别保温10 h、30 h、50 h,采用XRD、SEM、EDS等手段对热处理前后复合涂层的显微组织进行分析,并分别测试了热处理前后复合涂层的显微硬度及600℃下的滑动磨损性能。结果表明:热处理前后复合涂层物相基本相同,主要为:γ-(Fe,Ni)/Cr7C3共晶相、Cr7C3硬质相、CrS/WS2润滑相。随着保温时间的延长,由于γ-(Fe,Ni)/Cr7C3共晶相的溶解,其体积分数逐渐降低,并且保温50 h后共晶相大部分溶解,Cr7C3相出现断裂造粒现象,复合涂层的硬度有所降低。热处理对复合涂层的摩擦学性能影响不大。

热处理对电沉积Ni-W合金镀层组织结构、硬度及耐蚀性的影响

为了提高直流电沉积Ni-W合金镀层的显微硬度,改善其耐腐蚀性能,对镀层进行了热处理,研究了热处理温度和时间对镀层组织结构、硬度及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:在一定的温度和时间范围内对镀层热处理可较大提高其硬度和耐蚀性;500℃保温1 h热处理后镀层的综合性能最好,显微硬度最高,可达1 010.44 HV,且在3.5%NaCl溶液中耐蚀性较好。

热处理对高温固体自润滑涂层组织结构及结合强度的影响

采用等离子喷涂技术在GH4169基体上制备了NiCr Cr_2O_3 Ag-BaF_2/CaF_2高温固体自润滑涂层,并对涂层进行了热处理.通过SEM观察,XRD分析及拉伸实验,对热处理前、后涂层的微观组织结构及结合强度进行了对比研究.结果表明:喷涂态涂层由Ni(Cr)相、Cr_2O_3相、Ag相和(Ba,Ca)F相组成.组织形貌为粗大的层状结构,结合强度为30.4 MPa:经500和650℃热处理后.(Ba,Ca)F相转变为BaF_2和CaF_2相,涂层内氟化物相与喷涂态相比更致密:大量Cr_2O_3和NiO析出相的形成、长大使涂层内Ni(Cr)相细化;在650℃下进行12或24h热处理后,涂层结合强度增至46.5 MPa;热处理温度为800℃时,BaF_2发生严重氧化,致使涂层内组织疏松,局部形成大面积孔洞.涂层结合强度显著降低.

Ni-Cr-Al-Y涂层真空热处理过程中元素的行为

采用电弧离子镀技术在铸造镍基合金 Ｋ１７和 Ｎｉ３Ａｌ基合金 ＩＣ－６上沉积 Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ－Ｙ涂层结果表明，在沉积过程中由于电弧离子镀的“溅射”和“反溅射”效应以及基体和涂层发生互扩散的共同作用下，沉积的 Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ－Ｙ涂层在靠近基体区含有少量基体元素，如 Ｃｏ， Ｔｉ和 Ｍｏ等 Ｋ１７合金中的 Ａｌ元素可抑制 Ｃｒ由涂层向基体扩散 ＩＣ－６合金中由于还含有 Ｍｏ元素，使这种抑制作用进一步增强在 １０５０ ℃真空热处理时，各元素互扩散能力增强，大量的 Ｃｒ克服 Ａｌ和 Ｍｏ元素的束缚向基体扩散，最终使两种合金上沉积的Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ－Ｙ涂层中的元素均匀分布。

施镀条件和热处理对铝合金Ni-P-SiO_2复合镀层微观结构及显微硬度的影响

目的提高Ni-P镀层的硬度。方法在化学镀Ni-P过程中添加SiO2微粒,形成Ni-P-SiO2复合镀层,研究施镀温度、微粒添加量和镀后热处理温度对复合镀层微观结构及硬度的影响。结果复合镀层含非晶结构Ni和SiO2相。随施镀温度的升高及SiO2微粒添加量的增加,镀层表面变得均匀、致密且硬度升高,显微硬度最高达355HV;当施镀温度超过80℃,微粒添加量超过10 g/L时,镀层表面均匀性变差,硬度下降。经热处理后,镀层向晶态转变,热处理温度达到300℃时开始析出Ni3P相,镀层的显微硬度随热处理温度的升高而升高。结论当施镀温度为80℃、微粒添加量为10 g/L时,所得复合镀层的性能较为优异,热处理可进一步提高复合镀层的硬度。

热处理对冷喷涂Fe涂层组织与性能影响研究

冷喷涂作为一种新型的涂层技术,在制备大部分金属涂层、金属陶瓷复合涂层方面有着巨大的潜力。本文采用冷喷涂在Al基体上制备了Fe涂层,并结合喷涂后热处理研究了涂层组织与性能特点。结果表明,所得Fe涂层的内部组织比较致密;受到喷涂过程中空气的影响,喷涂射流呈现亮流,所制备涂层表面有较大、较深气孔。在较低温度下热处理后Fe涂层的显微组织变化不明显,显微硬度明显降低;Fe涂层与Al基体之间形成约10μm厚度的金属间化合物层。

真空热处理对多弧离子镀TiAlSiN涂层性能的影响

为提高TiAlSiN涂层的力学性能,研究了真空热处理对多弧离子镀TiAlSiN涂层微观组织和力学性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、自动划痕仪、纳米压痕仪、摩擦磨损测试仪等表征其表面形貌、物相组成和力学性能。结果表明:热处理引起了涂层的晶格畸变,降低了TiN固溶体相的平均晶格常数,导致其衍射峰向高角度偏移;热处理会粗化涂层表面,并导致TiAlSi中间过渡层界面消失。经过800℃热处理后,涂层的纳米硬度和结合力达到最大值,分别为35.01 GPa和54.45 N;涂层的平均摩擦因数最小,由热处理前的0.679降低至0.372,比热处理前下降了约45.2%。