Evidence-based practice(EBP)has been the gold standard in healthcare for nearly three centuries and aims to assist physicians in providing the safest and most effective healthcare for their patients.The well-establish...Evidence-based practice(EBP)has been the gold standard in healthcare for nearly three centuries and aims to assist physicians in providing the safest and most effective healthcare for their patients.The well-established hierarchy of evidence lists systematic reviews and meta-analyses at the top however these methodologies are not always appropriate or possible and in these instances case-control studies,case series and case reports are utilised to support EBP.Case-control studies allow simultaneous study of multiple risk factors and can be performed rapidly and relatively cheaply.A recent example was during the Coronavirus pandemic where case-control studies were used to assess the efficacy of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers.Case series and case reports also play a role in EBP and are particularly useful to study rare diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease in transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.They are also vital in generating and disseminating early signals and encouraging further research.Whilst these methodologies have weaknesses,particularly with regards to bias and loss of patient confidentiality for rare pathologies,they have an important part to play in EBP and when appropriately utilised can significantly impact upon clinical practice.展开更多
A major problem for Chinese primary health providers such as general practitioners has been the lack of a clear role within the entire health system,unlike in other countries where the gen-eral practitioner is rightly...A major problem for Chinese primary health providers such as general practitioners has been the lack of a clear role within the entire health system,unlike in other countries where the gen-eral practitioner is rightly considered to be the cornerstone of the system and the gatekeeper to specialist services.In 2011 the national government of the People’s Republic of China issued a policy acknowledging the role of primary health and the general practitioner as a gatekeeper,with an inherent expectation of the provision of quality services.For the most part,this means that evidence-based practice will be increasingly relied on to supplement existing polices,practices,and prescribed care plans currently in use within many community health centers.This article explores the concept of hierarchy of evidence for use by general practitioners by considering the applicabil-ity of the findings of the systematic review“Mass media interventions for preventing smoking in young people”published by the Cochrane Collaboration in the context of the health systems in the People’s Republic of China,and in particular,the contribution general practice may have in addressing this issue.展开更多
文摘Evidence-based practice(EBP)has been the gold standard in healthcare for nearly three centuries and aims to assist physicians in providing the safest and most effective healthcare for their patients.The well-established hierarchy of evidence lists systematic reviews and meta-analyses at the top however these methodologies are not always appropriate or possible and in these instances case-control studies,case series and case reports are utilised to support EBP.Case-control studies allow simultaneous study of multiple risk factors and can be performed rapidly and relatively cheaply.A recent example was during the Coronavirus pandemic where case-control studies were used to assess the efficacy of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers.Case series and case reports also play a role in EBP and are particularly useful to study rare diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease in transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.They are also vital in generating and disseminating early signals and encouraging further research.Whilst these methodologies have weaknesses,particularly with regards to bias and loss of patient confidentiality for rare pathologies,they have an important part to play in EBP and when appropriately utilised can significantly impact upon clinical practice.
文摘A major problem for Chinese primary health providers such as general practitioners has been the lack of a clear role within the entire health system,unlike in other countries where the gen-eral practitioner is rightly considered to be the cornerstone of the system and the gatekeeper to specialist services.In 2011 the national government of the People’s Republic of China issued a policy acknowledging the role of primary health and the general practitioner as a gatekeeper,with an inherent expectation of the provision of quality services.For the most part,this means that evidence-based practice will be increasingly relied on to supplement existing polices,practices,and prescribed care plans currently in use within many community health centers.This article explores the concept of hierarchy of evidence for use by general practitioners by considering the applicabil-ity of the findings of the systematic review“Mass media interventions for preventing smoking in young people”published by the Cochrane Collaboration in the context of the health systems in the People’s Republic of China,and in particular,the contribution general practice may have in addressing this issue.
