Foliar fungal diseases(rust and late leaf spot)incur large yield losses,in addition to the deterioration of fodder quality in groundnut worldwide.High oleic acid has emerged as a key market trait in groundnut,as it in...Foliar fungal diseases(rust and late leaf spot)incur large yield losses,in addition to the deterioration of fodder quality in groundnut worldwide.High oleic acid has emerged as a key market trait in groundnut,as it increases the shelf life of the produce/products in addition to providing health benefits to consumers.Marker-assisted backcrossing(MABC)is the most successful approach to introgressing or pyramiding one or more traits using traitlinked markers.We used MABC to improve three popular Indian cultivars(GJG 9,GG 20,and GJGHPS 1)for foliar disease resistance(FDR)and high oleic acid content.A total of 22 BC3F4 and 30 BC2F4 introgression lines(ILs)for FDR and 46 BC3F4 and 41 BC2F4 ILs for high oleic acid were developed.Recurrent parent genome analysis using the 58 K Axiom_Arachis array identified several lines showing upto 94%of genome recovery among second and third backcross progenies.Phenotyping of these ILs revealed FDR scores comparable to the resistant parent,GPBD 4,and ILs with high(~80%)oleic acid in addition to high genome recovery.These ILs provide further opportunities for pyramiding FDR and high oleic acid in all three genetic backgrounds as well as for conducting multi-location yield trials for further evaluation and release for cultivation in target regions of India.展开更多
There is an increasing demand in the peanut industry for high oleic peanuts and also for the incorporation of the high oleate trait into newly released varieties. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high ...There is an increasing demand in the peanut industry for high oleic peanuts and also for the incorporation of the high oleate trait into newly released varieties. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Results from capillary electrophoresis (CE), two variations of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) genotyping, were compared with the traditionally accepted reference standard results from gas chromatography (GC). Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes and all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested by each method. Percent accuracy levels for rating individual seed as high oleic (H) ranged from 97.4% (NIRS) to 99.5% (CE). All of the methods examined in this study carry only a minor risk for miss-classification (loss of material) and are suitable for use by peanut breeding programs in early generation breeding line screening.展开更多
为探究miRNA(microRNA)在向日葵种子油脂合成中的作用,解析植物油脂合成分子调控机制,基于前期高油酸向日葵种子三个发育时期(开花后7 d、22 d、37 d)miRNA测序的结果,对影响油脂合成代谢的miRNA进行挖掘和表达分析。结果发现L7d vs L22...为探究miRNA(microRNA)在向日葵种子油脂合成中的作用,解析植物油脂合成分子调控机制,基于前期高油酸向日葵种子三个发育时期(开花后7 d、22 d、37 d)miRNA测序的结果,对影响油脂合成代谢的miRNA进行挖掘和表达分析。结果发现L7d vs L22d、L7d vs L37d和L22d vs L37d三组比较中参与油脂代谢通路的差异表达miRNA共有22个。表达量聚类热图分析发现,22d vs 37d比较组中大部分miRNA下调表达,表明油脂代谢相关的大部分miRNA在开花后37 d相比于22 d表达量降低。将靶基因注释到脂肪酸和三酰甘油合成通路中的22个差异表达miRNA在种子发育不同时期的表达量与种子含油量和脂肪酸组分进行相关性分析,结果分别发现己酸与miR172a3,十三烷酸与miR171b2均呈极显著负相关,油分含量与miR167d5p呈显著正相关,表明这些miRNA可能参与油脂的合成。通过共表达分析发现,有6对油脂代谢相关的miRNA(miR166u、miR171b_2、miR397a_3、miR157d、miR167a-5p、miR169v_1)与其靶基因呈负相关的共表达关系,表明这些基因的差异表达可能是miRNA调控的结果。展开更多
High oleic acid rapeseed oil offers superior nutritional and health benefits,but its mass production is limited due to poor resistance and slightly lower yield.Photosynthesis serves as the foundation of biological sur...High oleic acid rapeseed oil offers superior nutritional and health benefits,but its mass production is limited due to poor resistance and slightly lower yield.Photosynthesis serves as the foundation of biological survival and closely correlates with crop resistance to stresses,yield,and quality.To identify photosynthesis-related genes,transcriptome sequencing was conducted on high oleic acid rapeseed Gaoyousuan No.1 and low oleic acid rapeseed Xiangyou 15 resulting in the identification of a total of 9396 differentially expressed genes(4669 upregulated and 4727 down-regulated).From these genes nine candidate genes were screened using GO and KEGG analysis with BnGLO4 being selected for cloning purposes.The BnGLO4 gene fragment has a length of 1161 bp with an ORF sequence of 1092 bp encoding a theoretical isoelectric point of pI 7.60;it encodes an unstable lipid-soluble protein localized in peroxisomes without transmembrane structural domains or signal peptides.Its amino acid sequence homology was highest with that of BnaA01G0355200ZS,BnaA01G0355600ZS,BnaA05G0410400ZS,BnaC01G0441800ZS,and Brassica rapa(XP_009117145.1),Brassica napus(CDY39100.1),Brassica cretica(KAF3533604.1)and Brassica oleracea var.oleracea(XP_013610644.1)belonging to the same cruciferous family.The BnGLO4 gene may be associated with responses to abiotic stresses such as salt,drought,and temperature extremes along with photosynthesis and growth in rapeseed plants.The expression levels of the GLO4 gene(BnaA01G0355200 ZS)were highest in filaments while being higher at each stage in seeds and siliques with the highest expression level at day 14 in seeds.Expression was significantly upregulated after 3 h of salt stress treatment,reaching a maximum at 12 h before slightly decreasing at 24 h.The findings of this study lay a foundation for further investigation on photosynthesis and stress response in high oleic rapeseed.展开更多
为准确评价高油酸花生种质资源的遗传多样性,本研究以34个阜花系列高油酸花生进行农艺性状及SSR位点分析。结果表明,所有花生品种间主茎高、侧枝长、结果枝数、百果质量、百仁质量差异显著,但是出米率差异较小,稳定在(70.34±0.78)...为准确评价高油酸花生种质资源的遗传多样性,本研究以34个阜花系列高油酸花生进行农艺性状及SSR位点分析。结果表明,所有花生品种间主茎高、侧枝长、结果枝数、百果质量、百仁质量差异显著,但是出米率差异较小,稳定在(70.34±0.78)%之间;采用56对引物对34个阜花系列高油酸花生品种(系)进行多态性分析,筛选出18对引物在这些种质间存在多态性,平均等位位点数为2.89个,Shannon’s信息指数分布在0.06~3.06之间,平均值为1.2,多态性信息含量(polymorphism information content, PIC)指数分布在0.33~0.91之间,平均值为0.66;34个高油酸花生相似系数分布在0.346~0.885之间,平均值为0.661;UPGMA(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means)聚类分析表明,所有阜花系列高油酸花生品种(系)分布在不同分枝上,遗传多样性程度较高。研究结果提高了SSR分子标记筛选的效率,也为阜花系列高油酸花生遗传多样性提供参考,为今后高油酸花生种质创制提供依据。展开更多
基金sponsored by Department of Agriculture and Co-operation and Farmer Welfare(DAC&FW),Ministry of Agriculture,Government of India and Mars Wrigley,USAthe award of Junior/Senior Research Fellowship from Department of Biotechnology,Government of Indiapart of the CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals(GLDC)
文摘Foliar fungal diseases(rust and late leaf spot)incur large yield losses,in addition to the deterioration of fodder quality in groundnut worldwide.High oleic acid has emerged as a key market trait in groundnut,as it increases the shelf life of the produce/products in addition to providing health benefits to consumers.Marker-assisted backcrossing(MABC)is the most successful approach to introgressing or pyramiding one or more traits using traitlinked markers.We used MABC to improve three popular Indian cultivars(GJG 9,GG 20,and GJGHPS 1)for foliar disease resistance(FDR)and high oleic acid content.A total of 22 BC3F4 and 30 BC2F4 introgression lines(ILs)for FDR and 46 BC3F4 and 41 BC2F4 ILs for high oleic acid were developed.Recurrent parent genome analysis using the 58 K Axiom_Arachis array identified several lines showing upto 94%of genome recovery among second and third backcross progenies.Phenotyping of these ILs revealed FDR scores comparable to the resistant parent,GPBD 4,and ILs with high(~80%)oleic acid in addition to high genome recovery.These ILs provide further opportunities for pyramiding FDR and high oleic acid in all three genetic backgrounds as well as for conducting multi-location yield trials for further evaluation and release for cultivation in target regions of India.
文摘There is an increasing demand in the peanut industry for high oleic peanuts and also for the incorporation of the high oleate trait into newly released varieties. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Results from capillary electrophoresis (CE), two variations of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) genotyping, were compared with the traditionally accepted reference standard results from gas chromatography (GC). Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes and all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested by each method. Percent accuracy levels for rating individual seed as high oleic (H) ranged from 97.4% (NIRS) to 99.5% (CE). All of the methods examined in this study carry only a minor risk for miss-classification (loss of material) and are suitable for use by peanut breeding programs in early generation breeding line screening.
文摘为探究miRNA(microRNA)在向日葵种子油脂合成中的作用,解析植物油脂合成分子调控机制,基于前期高油酸向日葵种子三个发育时期(开花后7 d、22 d、37 d)miRNA测序的结果,对影响油脂合成代谢的miRNA进行挖掘和表达分析。结果发现L7d vs L22d、L7d vs L37d和L22d vs L37d三组比较中参与油脂代谢通路的差异表达miRNA共有22个。表达量聚类热图分析发现,22d vs 37d比较组中大部分miRNA下调表达,表明油脂代谢相关的大部分miRNA在开花后37 d相比于22 d表达量降低。将靶基因注释到脂肪酸和三酰甘油合成通路中的22个差异表达miRNA在种子发育不同时期的表达量与种子含油量和脂肪酸组分进行相关性分析,结果分别发现己酸与miR172a3,十三烷酸与miR171b2均呈极显著负相关,油分含量与miR167d5p呈显著正相关,表明这些miRNA可能参与油脂的合成。通过共表达分析发现,有6对油脂代谢相关的miRNA(miR166u、miR171b_2、miR397a_3、miR157d、miR167a-5p、miR169v_1)与其靶基因呈负相关的共表达关系,表明这些基因的差异表达可能是miRNA调控的结果。
基金This work was financially supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-13)Hunan Agriculture Research System of DARA.
文摘High oleic acid rapeseed oil offers superior nutritional and health benefits,but its mass production is limited due to poor resistance and slightly lower yield.Photosynthesis serves as the foundation of biological survival and closely correlates with crop resistance to stresses,yield,and quality.To identify photosynthesis-related genes,transcriptome sequencing was conducted on high oleic acid rapeseed Gaoyousuan No.1 and low oleic acid rapeseed Xiangyou 15 resulting in the identification of a total of 9396 differentially expressed genes(4669 upregulated and 4727 down-regulated).From these genes nine candidate genes were screened using GO and KEGG analysis with BnGLO4 being selected for cloning purposes.The BnGLO4 gene fragment has a length of 1161 bp with an ORF sequence of 1092 bp encoding a theoretical isoelectric point of pI 7.60;it encodes an unstable lipid-soluble protein localized in peroxisomes without transmembrane structural domains or signal peptides.Its amino acid sequence homology was highest with that of BnaA01G0355200ZS,BnaA01G0355600ZS,BnaA05G0410400ZS,BnaC01G0441800ZS,and Brassica rapa(XP_009117145.1),Brassica napus(CDY39100.1),Brassica cretica(KAF3533604.1)and Brassica oleracea var.oleracea(XP_013610644.1)belonging to the same cruciferous family.The BnGLO4 gene may be associated with responses to abiotic stresses such as salt,drought,and temperature extremes along with photosynthesis and growth in rapeseed plants.The expression levels of the GLO4 gene(BnaA01G0355200 ZS)were highest in filaments while being higher at each stage in seeds and siliques with the highest expression level at day 14 in seeds.Expression was significantly upregulated after 3 h of salt stress treatment,reaching a maximum at 12 h before slightly decreasing at 24 h.The findings of this study lay a foundation for further investigation on photosynthesis and stress response in high oleic rapeseed.
文摘为准确评价高油酸花生种质资源的遗传多样性,本研究以34个阜花系列高油酸花生进行农艺性状及SSR位点分析。结果表明,所有花生品种间主茎高、侧枝长、结果枝数、百果质量、百仁质量差异显著,但是出米率差异较小,稳定在(70.34±0.78)%之间;采用56对引物对34个阜花系列高油酸花生品种(系)进行多态性分析,筛选出18对引物在这些种质间存在多态性,平均等位位点数为2.89个,Shannon’s信息指数分布在0.06~3.06之间,平均值为1.2,多态性信息含量(polymorphism information content, PIC)指数分布在0.33~0.91之间,平均值为0.66;34个高油酸花生相似系数分布在0.346~0.885之间,平均值为0.661;UPGMA(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means)聚类分析表明,所有阜花系列高油酸花生品种(系)分布在不同分枝上,遗传多样性程度较高。研究结果提高了SSR分子标记筛选的效率,也为阜花系列高油酸花生遗传多样性提供参考,为今后高油酸花生种质创制提供依据。
