Prevalence of High Non-high-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Associated Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Jilin Province,China:A Cross-sectional Study

Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases（CVDs）in patients with diabetes,and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（non-HDL-C）is a better predictor of CVDs than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）in patients with diabetes.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the distribution of non-HDL-C and the prevalence of high non-HDL-C level in Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus and identify the

Higher testosterone levels are associated with increased highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol in men with cardiovascular disease： results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study

Aim： To study the relationship between circulating androgens （total testosterone [TT], free testosterone [IT] and dihydrotestosterone [DHT]） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in men with and without cardiovascular disease （CVD）. Methods： Cross-sectional analyses included 1 661 baseline samples from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study （MMAS）, a population-based cohort of men ages 40-70 years. Serum hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay and HDL-C was determined following precipitation of the lower density lipoproteins. CVD was determined by self-report. Analyses were performed using multiple linear regression. Results： TT and HDL-C were positively correlated in the entire sample （r = 0.11, P = 0.0001）. After adjusting for confounders, we found this relationship was mostly limited to the 209 men with CVD. Among men with CVD, TT （P = 0.0004）, iT （P = 0.0172） and DHT （P = 0.0128） were all positively correlated with HDL-C, whereas in men without CVD only TT correlated with HDL-C （P = 0.0099）. Conclusion： Our results suggest that if androgens contribute to CVD in middle-aged men, the effect is not related to a suppressive effect of endogenous T on HDL-C. （Asian JAndrol 2008 Mar; 10： 193-200）

High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and In-hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Aortic Dissection

The association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） and mortality in patients with acute aortic dissection（AAD） is unclear. From January 2007 to January 2014, a total of 928 consecutive AAD patients who were admitted within 48 h after the onset of symptoms were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether serum HDL-C level was below the normal lower limit or not. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to identify the predictive value of HDL-C for in-hospital mortality in patients with AAD. As compared with normal HDL-C group（n=585）, low HDL-C group（n=343） had lower levels of systolic blood pressure and hemoglobin and higher levels of leukocyte, alanine aminotransferase, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urea acid. Low HDL-C group had significantly higher in-hospital mortality than normal HDL-C group（21.6% vs. 12.6%, log-rank=10.869, P=0.001）. After adjustment for baseline variables including demographics and biologic data, the increased risk of in-hospital mortality in low HDL-C group was substantially attenuated and showed no significant difference（adjusted hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.86–1.77; P=0.259）. Low HDL-C is strongly but not independently associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with AAD.

The pleiotropic vasoprotective functions of high density lipoproteins(HDL)

The pleiotropic functions of circulating high density lipoprotein（HDL） on peripheral vascular health are well established. HDL plays a pivotal role in reverse cholesterol transport and is also known to suppress inflammation,endothelial activation and apoptosis in peripheral vessels. Although not expressed in the central nervous system, HDL has nevertheless emerged as a potential resilience factor for dementia in multiple epidemiological studies. Animal model data specifically support a role for HDL in attenuating the accumulation of P-amyloid within cerebral vessels concomitant with reduced neuroinflammation and improved cognitive performance. As the vascular contributions to dementia are increasingly appreciated, this review seeks to summarize recent literature focused on the vasoprotective properties of HDL that may extend to cerebral vessels, discuss potential roles of HDL in dementia relative to brainderived lipoproteins, identify gaps in current knowledge, and highlight new opportunities for research and discovery.

Relationship of Circulating High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Anemia

Circulating level of low HDLC （high-density lipoprotein cholesterol） represents a common critical risk factor for IHD （ischemic heart disease） and may further aggravate the condition in anemic subjects, as the presence of anemia itself is a threat to cardiovascular consequences. To investigate the relationship of circulating HDLC with anemia, first we determined the levels of total hemoglobin （Hb） in a total of 301 subjects （male, n = 158; female, n = 143） randomly, and then examined the circulating levels of HDLC in fasting condition. Age of the study subjects was 47.9 ~ 16.6 （mean ＋ SD） years. Both the male and female subjects were divided into three groups according to their levels of Hb. The relationship of circulating levels of HDLC with the levels of total Hb was statistically analyzed. In case of the male subjects, we found that the levels of HDLC differed significantly among the three groups with different levels of Hb （P = 0.0233） and decrease in the levels of HDLC correlated significantly with the gradual decrease of total Hb level （r = 0.2504; P = 0.0015）. In female subjects, we observed a similar trend of difference among the three groups （P = 0.0685）. However, decrease in the levels of HDLC correlated significantly with the gradual decrease of Hb level （r = 0,2199; P = 0.0083）. Altogether, this study demonstrates that decrease in the circulating HDLC is related to the gradual decrease of Hb level. This study also indicates that circulating level of HDLC may be influenced by the level of total Hb and reveals the cardiovascular risks in anemia as well.

A Possible Mechanism Linking Hyperglycemia and Reduced High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Diabetes

This study investigated the role of glucose in the biogenesis of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).Mouse primary peritoneal macrophages were harvested and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium(DMEM) containing glucose of various concentrations.The cells were divided into 3 groups in terms of different glucose concentrations in the cultures:Control group(5.6 mmol/L glucose),high glucose concentration groups(16.7 mmol/L and 30 mmol/L glucose).ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1) mRNA expression in the macrophages was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR 24,48 and 72 h after glucose treatment.The results showed that ABCA1 mRNA expression in the 16.7 mmol/L glucose group was not significantly different from that in the control group at all testing time points(P>0.05 for each).In the 30 mmol/L glucose group,macrophage ABCA1 mRNA expression was not changed significantly at 24 h(P=0.14),but was substantially decreased by 40.4% at 48 h(P=0.009) and by 48.1% at 72 h(P=0.015) as compared with that in the control group.It was concluded that ABCA1 is of vital importance for HDL-C biogenesis.High glucose may hamper HDL-C biogenesis by decreasing ABCA1 expression,which contributes to low HDL-C level in diabetes.

High Density Lipoprotein Phospholipids as a Marker of Coronary Heart Disease of Shen-Yang Deficiency Syndrome

Objective: To seek a new biochemical index for diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) of shen-Yang deficiency syndrom (CHD-SYD). Methods: Sixty-one patients with CHD were divided into 3 groups according to their TCM Syndrome type, 10 patients in the group without Xin-Qi deficiency (Group A), 25 in the group with Xin-Qi deficiency but without Shen-Yang deficiency (Group B) and 26 in the group both with Xin-Qi deficiency and Shen-Yang deficiency (Group C). Levels of 17-hydroxy-corticoste-roid in urine (urinary 17-OHCS) per 24 hrs, and serum level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high density lipoprotein phospholipid (HDL-PL) in them were determined in synchrostep and compared with those in the control group of 23 healthy aged persons, urinary 17-OHCS per 24 hrs was taken as the diagnostic standard to screen a new index for diagnosis of Shen-Yang deficiency Syndrome, and preliminary appraisal to the index was made. Results: Serum HDL-PL in the CHD-SYD patients( Group C) was 616+157 mg/L, which was obviously lower than that in the patients of Group A and B. With low HDL-PL(<650 mg/L) used as the index to diagnose CHD-SYD, the sensitivity was 73%, the specificity 86% and the accuracy 80%. Conclusion: HDL-PL <650 mg/L could be adopted as an index for CHD-SYD diagnosis, which is simple and practical.

Research progress of monocyte/high density lipoprotein ratio in cardiovascular diseases

In recent years,monocyte to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)has attracted wide attention as a new marker of inflammatory response.This indicator includes two aspects:inflammatory response and lipid accumulation,which are the two most basic characteristics of Atherosclerosis(AS).AS is closely related to the occurrence of Cardiovascular diseases(CVD).A large number of existing studies have confirmed that MHR is an inflammatory marker that can dynamically reflect the trend of inflammation,can reflect the chronic inflammatory response in blood vessels,and can evaluate the occurrence,development and prognosis of cardiovascular disease in a non-invasive manner.This article reviews recent studies on the role of monocytes and high-density lipoproteins in chronic inflammation of blood vessels,as well as the current status of research on MHR and cardiovascular disease in the light of recent literature.

Lipoprotein in cholesterol transport: Highlights and recent insights into its structural basis and functional mechanism

Lipoproteins are protein-lipid macromolecular assemblies which are used to transport lipids in circulation and are key targets in cardiovascular disease （CVD）. The highly dynamic lipoprotein molecules are capable of adopting an array of conformations that is crucial to lipid transport along the cholesterol transport pathway, among which high-density lipopro- tein （HDL） and low-density lipoprotein （LDL） are major players in plasma cholesterol metabolism. For a more detailed illustration of cholesterol transport process, as well as the development of therapies to prevent CVD, here we review the functional mechanism and structural basis of lipoproteins in cholesterol transport, as well as their structural dynamics in the plasma lipoprotein （HDL and LDL） elevations, in order to obtain better quantitative understandings on structure-function relationship of lipoproteins. Finally, we also provide an approach for further research on the lipoprotein in cholesterol transport.

High-density lipoprotein endocytosis in endothelial cells

AIM: To describe the way stations of high-density lipoprotein(HDL) uptake and its lipid exchange in endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: A combination of fluorescence microscopy using novel fluorescent cholesterol surrogates and electron microscopy was used to analyze HDL endocytosis in great detail in primary human endothelial cells. Further, HDL uptake was quantified using radio-labeled HDL particles. To validate the in vitro findings mice were injected with fluorescently labeled HDL and particle uptake in the liver was analyzed using fluorescencemicroscopy. RESULTS: HDL uptake occurred via clathrin-coated pits, tubular endosomes and multivesicular bodies in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. During uptake and resecretion, HDL-derived cholesterol was exchanged at a faster rate than cholesteryl oleate, resembling the HDL particle pathway seen in hepatic cells. In addition, lysosomes were not involved in this process and thus HDL degradation was not detectable. In vivo, we found HDL mainly localized in mouse hepatic endothelial cells. HDL was not detected in parenchymal liver cells, indicating that lipid transfer from HDL to hepatocytes occurs primarily via scavenger receptor, class B, type Ⅰ mediated selective uptake without concomitant HDL endocytosis. CONCLUSION: HDL endocytosis occurs via clathrincoated pits, tubular endosomes and multivesicular bodies in human endothelial cells. Mouse endothelial cells showed a similar HDL uptake pattern in vivo indicating that the endothelium is one major site of HDL endocytosis and transcytosis.

陕西省延安市成年人群血清n-HDL-C水平参考区间的建立及影响因素分析

目的建立陕西省延安市成年人血清非高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,n-HDL-C)的参考区间并分析影响因素。方法采用随机整体抽样的方法,抽取2023年1~9月陕西省延安市10个乡镇16921例成人为研究对象。调查年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、锻炼、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、慢性病、居住、饮食习惯、婚姻状况、文化程度、月收入等。测量身高、体重、腰围和血压。检测血清三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TCHO)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)及脂蛋白a[Lp(a)]水平,计算n-HDL-C水平,n-HDL-C(mmol/L)=TCHO(mmol/L)-HDL-C(mmol/L)。按照WS/T402-2012《中华人民共和国卫生行业标准》建议的百分位数法计算95%参考区间(P_(2.5)~P_(97.5))。采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响血清n-HDL-C水平的影响因素。结果男性和女性血清n-HDL-C水平均呈非正态分布(S=2.119,2.091,均P<0.001)。男性>60岁血清n-HDL-C水平[2.98(2.50,3.37)mmol/L]与18~30岁[2.84(2.49,3.26)mmol/L],31~40岁[2.98(2.62,3.42)mmol/L],41~50岁[3.10(2.62,3.47)mmol/L]和51~60岁[3.05(2.64,3.46)mmol/L]比较,差异具有统计学意义(H=3.618~5.680,均P<0.05);女性51~60岁血清n-HDL-C水平[3.08(2.71,3.44)mmol/L]与18~30岁[2.64(2.29,3.07)mmol/L],31~40岁[2.67(2.31,3.08)mmol/L],41~50岁[2.94(2.58,3.29)mmol/L]比较(H=8.161~13.445,均P<0.001),>60岁血清n-HDL-C水平[2.98(2.57,3.34)mmol/L]与18~30岁、31~40岁、41~50岁比较,差异具有统计学意义(H=7.985~14.018,均P<0.001)。将无统计学意义的年龄组合并,得到成年人群血清n-HDL-C水平参考区间:男性18~60岁(1.97~3.97mmol/L),>60岁(1.86~3.91mmol/L);女性18~50岁(1.82~3.74mmol/L),>50岁(1.94~3.88mmol/L)。将纳入的16921例成人分为n-HDL-C水平正常组和异常组,两组血清TG(1.02±0.31 mmol/L vs 1.24±0.37mmol/L),TCHO(3.97±1.02 mmol/L vs 4.66±1.25 mmol/L),LDL-C(2.37±0.58mmol/L vs 2.59±0.67 mmol/L)水平及年龄(43.55±11.52岁vs 46.27±8.13岁)比较,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.041~3.151,均P<0.05),血清n-HDL-C水平异常率42.50%。经多因素Logistic回归分析,男性、锻炼缺乏、超重和肥胖、血脂异常、城市居民、高中及以上学历是该地区成年人血清n-HDL-C水平的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论初步建立了该地区成年人血清n-HDL-C水平参考区间,男性、锻炼缺乏、超重和肥胖、血脂异常、城市居民、高中及以上学历是该地区成年人血清n-HDL-C水平异常的影响因素。

BDNF和HDL-C与老年帕金森病患者脑白质病变的关系

目的探讨血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与老年帕金森病(PD)患者脑白质病变(WML)的关系。方法筛选116例老年PD患者为研究组,依据Fazckas分级分成PD-WML组和PD组,另选取同期人口学资料匹配的40例健康体检者为对照组。比较不同组别的相关资料,应用多因素Logistic分析PD患者WML的影响因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清BDNF、HDL-C与PD患者WML的关系。结果116例PD患者WML发生率为72.41%(84/116),Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级分别43、30、11例。PD-WML组年龄、高血压患病率、统一帕金森病评定量表Ⅲ(UPDRS-Ⅲ)评分均高于PD组(P<0.05),血清BDNF[(4.83±1.15)μg/L比(6.12±1.20)μg/L]、TC[(4.37±0.96)mmol/L比(4.84±1.04)mmol/L]和HDL-C[(1.07±0.29)mmol/L比(1.23±0.32)mmol/L]明显低于PD组(P<0.05)。年龄、高血压、BDNF和HDL-C是PD患者发生WML的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。对照组、PD组、WML轻度组(Ⅰ级)、WML中重度组(Ⅱ~Ⅲ级)血清BDNF、HDL-C均呈依次下降趋势(P<0.05),WML中重度组血清BDNF、HDL-C水平均明显低于WML轻度组(P<0.05)。血清BDNF、HDL-C以及联合诊断PD患者发生WML的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.834、0.768、0.899,单独诊断的截断值分别为5.70μg/L、1.15 mmol/L。血清BDNF、HDL-C以及联合诊断PD发生中重度WML的AUC为0.820、0.766、0.833,单独诊断的截断值分别为4.79μg/L、1.02 mmol/L。结论血清BDNF、HDL-C是PD患者发生WML的保护因素,可有效预测PD患者发生WML和评估病情严重程度。

血TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19联合检测预测短暂性脑缺血发作患者近期发生急性脑梗死的价值

目的探讨联合检测血甘油三酯(TG)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血小板内皮细胞黏附分子1(PECAM-1)、白介素-19(IL-19)预测短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者近期发生急性脑梗死(ACI)的价值。方法选取2021年2月至2023年7月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的353例TIA患者进行前瞻性研究,根据6个月内是否发生ACI分为ACI组(n=46)和无ACI组(n=307)。比较两组患者的基线资料及治疗前的血TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19水平,采用多因素Logistic回归分析TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19对TIA近期发生ACI的影响,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19、年龄、血压、临床症状、糖尿病和持续的时间评分(ABCD3-I)预测TIA患者近期发生ACI的效能,DeLong检验比较TG/HDL-C+PECAM-1+IL-19与ABCD3-I评分的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)。结果ACI组患者的TIA发作次数、颈动脉和颅内动脉有不稳定斑块患者占比、ABCD3-I评分分别为(4.82±1.52)次、45.65%(21/46)、23.91%(11/46)、(6.86±1.24)分,明显高于无ACI组患者的(2.00±0.61)次、29.32%(90/307)、13.68%(42/307)、(4.64±0.95)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ACI组患者的TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19分别为1.23±0.12、(11.42±2.36)mg/L、(82.44±17.35)ng/L,明显高于无ACI组患者的1.08±0.10、(8.99±2.64)mg/L、(67.28±19.00)ng/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,校正了TIA发作次数、颈动脉有不稳定斑块、颅内动脉狭窄情况、ABCD3-I评分后,TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19仍是TIA近期发生ACI独立相关危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC分析结果显示,TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19预测TIA近期发生ACI的AUC分别为0.812、0.792、0.798;TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1联合IL-19的AUC为0.930,大于ABCD3-I评分的0.830(P<0.05);三者联合的预测敏感度为93.48%,特异度为81.43%。结论血TG/HDL-C、PECAM-1、IL-19是TIA近期发生ACI的独立相关因素,与ABCD3-I评分相比,联合检测三者预测TIA近期发生ACI风险的价值较高,能为临床防治ACI提供一定的参考信息。

LDL-C、HDL-C动态评估在急性脑梗死溶栓患者预后中的意义

目的:探讨动态评估低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及其比值在急性脑梗死(ACI)溶栓患者预后中的价值。方法:回顾性收集并分析2020年1月~2022年12月于太和县人民医院神经内科就诊并接受rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的121例ACI患者临床资料,根据患者90 d后mRS评分状况分为预后不良组(n=33)和预后良好组(n=88),检测并比较两组患者溶栓内1 d、溶栓后1个月LDL-C、HDL-C水平差异,并运用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估以上指标的预测价值。结果:预后不良组的NIHSS评分、梗死体积、发病至溶栓的时间、合并高血压比例均高于预后良好组(P<0.05),体质量指数(BMI)低于预后良好组(P<0.05);两组患者溶栓后1个月LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C比值较溶栓内1d均下降,HDL-C值上升(P<0.05);且预后良好组HDL-C上升幅度优于预后不良组(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,BMI低(OR=0.730,95%CI:0.552~0.966)、梗死体积大(OR=1.088,95%CI:1.014~1.167)、发病至溶栓的时间长(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.000~1.023)、合并高血压(OR=4.911,95%CI:1.599~15.083)、HDL-C差值小(OR=0.753,95%CI:0.571~0.992)是影响ACI患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05);HDL-C差值预测的AUC面积为0.718(P<0.05)。结论:动态评估HDL-C的水平变化对判断ACI患者静脉溶栓后不良预后具有重要的临床价值。

脑梗死患者Hcy/HDL-C比值变化及临床意义

目的探讨脑梗死患者同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值变化及临床意义。方法回顾性选取2022年1月至2023年6月该院148例脑梗死患者作为病例组,另收集同期148例健康体检者作为对照组。比较病例组和对照组Hcy、HDL-C水平及Hcy/HDL-C比值;比较病例组不同神经功能缺损程度、梗死灶体积、预后患者Hcy、HDL-C水平及Hcy/HDL-C比值;采用Kendall′s Tau-b检验对Hcy、HDL-C水平及Hcy/HDL-C比值与神经功能缺损程度、梗死灶体积的相关性进行分析;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,以曲线下面积(AUC)评估Hcy、HDL-C及Hcy/HDL-C对脑梗死患者预后的预测价值。结果病例组Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值均明显高于对照组,HDL-C水平明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度神经功能缺损患者Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值均低于中、重度神经功能缺损患者,HDL-C水平高于中、重度神经功能缺损患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);中度神经功能缺损患者Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值均低于重度神经功能缺损患者,HDL-C水平高于重度神经功能缺损患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。小梗死灶患者Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值均低于中、大梗死灶患者,HDL-C水平高于中、大梗死灶患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);中梗死灶患者Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值均明显低于大梗死灶患者,HDL-C水平明显高于大梗死灶患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值与神经功能缺损程度、梗死灶体积均呈正相关(P<0.05);HDL-C水平与神经功能缺损程度、梗死灶体积均呈负相关(P<0.05)。预后良好患者Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值均明显低于预后不良患者,HDL-C水平明显高于预后不良患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,Hcy、HDL-C及Hcy/HDL-C对脑梗死患者预后均具有中等预测价值,且以Hcy/HDL-C的预测价值最高,AUC分别为0.741、0.753、0.820。结论脑梗死患者Hcy水平、Hcy/HDL-C比值均呈升高状态,HDL-C水平呈降低状态,Hcy、HDL-C水平及Hcy/HDL-C比值与神经功能损伤程度、梗死灶体积均有关;Hcy、HDL-C及Hcy/HDL-C对脑梗死患者预后均有一定的预测价值,且以Hcy/HDL-C的预测价值最高。

肾功能损害及过高HDL-C对急性大血管闭塞性缺血性卒中血管内治疗患者预后的预测价值

目的:探讨肾功能损害(RI)及过高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)对急性大血管闭塞性缺血性卒中(AIS-LVO)血管内治疗(EVT)患者预后的预测价值。方法:回顾性分析2018年7月~2022年12月黄山市人民医院神经内科接受EVT治疗的AIS-LVO患者临床资料,根据估算肾小球过滤器(eGFR)分为RI组和非RI组,比较两组的相关资料,同时采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析探讨RI和其他可能的危险因素与接受EVT的AIS-LVO患者预后的相关性,运用ROC曲线及AUC分析比较RI联合其他可能的危险因素对90 d预后的预测价值。结果:本研究共纳入248例患者,多因素Logistic回归分析显示RI、基线ASPECTs、颈内动脉闭塞、过高HDL-C与90 d预后具有独立相关性(P<0.05)。RI联合过高HDL-C可以提高对90 d预后的预测能力(AUC=0.702,P<0.001)。结论:RI及过高HDL-C均是接受EVT的AIS-LVO患者90 d不良预后的独立危险因素,两者联合可以提高对90 d预后的预测能力。

LDL-C/HDL-C对急性非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者介入治疗预后的预测价值

目的 探讨低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)对急性非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者介入治疗预后的预测价值。方法 选择医院2021年6月至2022年6月收治的105例接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的NSTEMI患者为研究对象,所有患者入院时记录一般资料,采集血液标本,检测血清LDL-C、HDL-C水平,并计算LDL-C/HDL-C值。介入治疗后均进行为期1 a的随访,观察患者预后情况,采用logistic回归分析NSTEMI患者介入治疗预后的危险因素,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,检验LDL-C/HDL-C对NSTEMI患者介入治疗预后的预测价值。结果 105例NSTEMI患者介入治疗出院后被随访1 a, 25例(23.81%)发生主要心血管不良事件,纳入预后不良组,80例未发生主要心血管不良事件,纳入预后良好组。预后不良组血清cTnT、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C水平均高于预后良好组,HDL-C水平低于预后良好组(P<0.05);经logistic回归分析,cTnT、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C是NSTEMI患者介入治疗预后不良的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05),HDL-C是NSTEMI患者介入治疗预后不良的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。LDL-C、HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C预测NSTEMI患者介入治疗预后情况的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.677、0.795、0.808。结论 LDL-C/HDL-C与NSTEMI患者介入治疗预后情况密切相关,其水平上调可提示介入治疗预后不良发生风险增加。

血清LDL-C/HDL-C、non-HDL-C、RLP-C及sLOX-1水平与老年急性脑梗死的相关性研究

目的分析血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)、残粒脂蛋白胆固醇(RLP-C)及可溶性凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体-1(sLOX-1)水平与老年急性脑梗死(ACI)的相关性。方法选取2022年1月—2023年8月收治的230例老年ACI作为研究组,另选择同期、同年龄段115例健康体检者作为对照组。比较2组LDL-C/HDL-C、non-HDL-C、RLP-C及sLOX-1水平,比较研究组不同斑块稳定性、神经功能缺损程度[采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分评估]、颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)患者上述指标水平,偏回归分析上述指标与老年ACI的关系,并分析上述指标与斑块稳定性、IMT、NIHSS评分的相关性。结果研究组LDL-C/HDL-C、non-HDL-C、RLP-C、sLOX-1水平高于对照组(P<0.01)。老年ACI患者LDL-C/HDL-C、non-HDL-C、RLP-C及sLOX-1水平,无斑块患者<稳定斑块患者<不稳定斑块患者,轻度神经功能缺损患者<中度神经功能缺损患者<重度神经功能缺损患者,IMT正常患者<IMT增厚患者<斑块形成患者(P<0.05)。LDL-C/HDL-C、non-HDL-C、RLP-C、sLOX-1水平与老年ACI密切相关(P<0.01)。研究组LDL-C/HDL-C、non-HDL-C、RLP-C及sLOX-1水平分别与斑块稳定性、IMT、NIHSS评分呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论老年ACI患者LDL-C/HDL-C、non-HDL-C、RLP-C、sLOX-1水平明显升高,且与神经功能缺损程度及颈动脉粥样硬化斑块密切相关。

Could Low Hdl-Cholesterol Levels Be an Unvalued Predictor of Cancer Risk?: A Retrospective Case Study

Background: The relationship between serum lipid profile levels and cancer risk remained uncertain. Recently, it had been reported a significant inverse association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and the risk of incident cancer that was independent of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), age or sex. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the behavior of HDL in cancer patients and in healthy population. Methods: We created a retrospectively search strategy in the laboratory information system (LIS). We filtered and searched those patients with CEA within 5 - 20 ng/ml and any value of HDL and corroborated the presence of cancer (Group 1 (G1)) or not (Group 2 (G2)). Moreover, we searched a control group (patients in outpatient oncology clinic) to observe the values of HDL. Comparisons and statistical logistic regression models were applied to link the levels of this biomarkers and cancer risk. Results: We examined 852 valid patients, median age 62 (50 - 73) years. Within the search strategy group, G2 showed highest levels of HDL (54 (43 - 67) mg/dl) and lowest CEA levels (6.7 (5.7 - 8.4) ng/ml) comparing with G1: HDL (47 (37 - 60) mg/dl) and the CEA (7.9 (6.2 - 10.9) ng/ml);p p r2: 0.092;p p = 0.001)] and CEA [OR: 1.115 (1.060 - 1.174), (p < 0.001)] and they were confirmed as independent predictors of cancer. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the inverse association of HDL levels between healthy populations and were diagnosed with cancer. Moreover, in a random population, patients with cancer presented lower HDL values compared to those without cancer. Therefore, it could demonstrate the possible positive predictive value of low HDL related to cancer risk.

An Analysis of Health Factors Affecting Employees’ Absenteeism: Influences of HDL Cholesterol and Blood Sugar Levels

Background: Workers’ health condition is an important issue. It affects not only the well-being of workers but also the firms and society as a whole through medical costs and productivity losses due to absenteeism and presenteeism. Data and Methods: Data were obtained from 1136 employees at an operational site of a large corporation. The dataset contained both medical checkups and working record information. Health factors affecting long-term absence (over three days in three months) were analyzed. Logistic regression models and the procedure for selecting proper covariates based on likelihood test statistics and the Akaike information criterion were used. Results: Among health factors, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood sugar levels were important in the selected model. For HDL-C, the odds ratio (OR) based on one standard deviation difference was 0.75 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.59 - 0.95. For blood sugar, the OR was 1.20 with a 95% CI of 1.01 - 1.42. Improving HDL-C and blood sugar levels would reduce long-term absence by 25% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: Controlling HDL-C and blood sugar levels is important to reduce long-term absenteeism. These factors can be improved by modifying eating habits. Since the operational site has its own company cafeterias, which most employees use, nutritional intervention is relatively easy with little or no cost. It may be worthwhile to implement nutritional intervention, especially for patients with low HDL-C or high blood sugar levels. Limitations: The results of this study were based on one operational site of a corporation. The employees were mainly operators working inside the building. The results may be different from other types of jobs and working conditions, such as fieldwork. Analyses of different types of jobs and working conditions are necessary.