BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent disease worldwide and places a great burden on the health and economic welfare of patients.Cardiac surgery is an important way to treat cardiovascular disease,bu...BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent disease worldwide and places a great burden on the health and economic welfare of patients.Cardiac surgery is an important way to treat cardiovascular disease,but it can prolong mechanical ventilation time,intensive care unit(ICU)stay,and postoperative hospitalization for patients.Previous studies have demonstrated that preoperative inspiratory muscle training could decrease the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.AIM To explore the effect of preoperative inspiratory muscle training on mechanical ventilation time,length of ICU stay,and duration of postoperative hospitalization after cardiac surgery.METHODS A literature search of PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,and the China Science and Technology journal VIP database was performed on April 13,2022.The data was independently extracted by two authors.The inclusion criteria were:(1)Randomized controlled trial;(2)Accessible as a full paper;(3)Patients who received cardiac surgery;(4)Preoperative inspiratory muscle training was implemented in these patients;(5)The study reported at least one of the following:Mechanical ventilation time,length of ICU stay,and/or duration of postoperative hospitalization;and(6)In English language.RESULTS We analyzed six randomized controlled trials with a total of 925 participants.The pooled mean difference of mechanical ventilation time was-0.45 h[95%confidence interval(CI):-1.59-0.69],which was not statistically significant between the intervention group and the control group.The pooled mean difference of length of ICU stay was 0.44 h(95%CI:-0.58-1.45).The pooled mean difference of postoperative hospitalization was-1.77 d in the intervention group vs the control group[95%CI:-2.41-(-1.12)].CONCLUSION Preoperative inspiratory muscle training may decrease the duration of postoperative hospitalization for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.More high-quality studies are needed to confirm our conclusion.展开更多
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and the incidence is increasing,highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease.Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicin...Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and the incidence is increasing,highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease.Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer,associated with a lower risk of recur-rence and increased survival.Several avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth,proliferation,and increased apoptosis of cancer cells,including breast,prostate,colorectal,and lung cancer,when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro(i.e.,the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting,which simplifies the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses).The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors,such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines(i.e.,myokines)and hormones.However,exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated,constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical oncology.To date,it remains unclear what role different training modes(i.e.,resistance and aerobic training)as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-condi-tioned serum and its effects on cancer cells.Nevertheless,the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects,while for chronic training interventions,exercise volume appears to be an influential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training mode.Insights for future research investigating training modes,volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.展开更多
Background: Diabetes mellitus often develops on the background of insulin resistance. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is included in the treatment of diabetes mellitus since it increases the sensitivity of tis...Background: Diabetes mellitus often develops on the background of insulin resistance. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is included in the treatment of diabetes mellitus since it increases the sensitivity of tissues to insulin. Objective: This paper aimed to review published articles on the effects of HIIT on insulin resistance in diabetic patients. Method: A narrative literature review was undertaken. This review provides evidence from human studies, which highlights the beneficial effects of HIIT in both T1DM and T2DM patients. Conclusion: HIIT is generally safe and effective for people with diabetes mellitus and warrants further exploration.展开更多
目的比较8周抗阻联合高强度间歇同期训练、单独高强度间歇训练和单独抗阻训练对男青年骨密度、肌肉适能以及血清肌骨共调节因子骨钙素和鸢尾素水平的影响。方法选取39名男青年,随机分为抗阻训练(RT)、高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和抗阻联合高...目的比较8周抗阻联合高强度间歇同期训练、单独高强度间歇训练和单独抗阻训练对男青年骨密度、肌肉适能以及血清肌骨共调节因子骨钙素和鸢尾素水平的影响。方法选取39名男青年,随机分为抗阻训练(RT)、高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和抗阻联合高强度间歇同期训练(CT)三组后,分别进行为期8周的运动干预。分别在干预前和干预后48 h测试受试者的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、体成分、最大摄氧量、肌肉力量、爆发力以及血清骨钙素和鸢尾素水平。结果三种运动干预均能显著提高男青年的瘦体重,但只有HIIT(P<0.01)和CT干预(P<0.05)能显著降低男青年的体脂率;三种运动干预均能显著提高男青年的股骨BMD,但只有HIIT(P<0.05)和RT(P<0.05)干预能显著提高男青年的腰椎BMD;RT和CT干预能显著提升男青年的卧推、硬拉、划船、深蹲的最大力量(P<0.01)和反向纵跳高度(P<0.01),而HIIT干预只能显著提升深蹲的最大力量(P<0.01);三种运动干预均能显著提高男青年的血清鸢尾素和骨钙素水平。结论三种运动干预均能增加男青年的瘦体重、股骨BMD以及血清肌骨调节因子鸢尾素和骨钙素水平,但CT对腰椎BMD的提升效果小于HIIT和RT,而RT和CT对肌肉力量和爆发力的提升效果大于HIIT。展开更多
Blood flow restriction(BFR)during exercise bouts has been used to induce hypertrophy of skeletal muscle,even with low loads.However,the effects of BFR during the rest periods between sets are not known.We have tested ...Blood flow restriction(BFR)during exercise bouts has been used to induce hypertrophy of skeletal muscle,even with low loads.However,the effects of BFR during the rest periods between sets are not known.We have tested the hypothesis that BFR during rest periods between sets of high-intensity resistance training would enhance performance.Twenty-two young adult male university students were recruited for the current study,with n=11 assigned to BFR and n=11 to a control group.The results revealed that four weeks training at 70%of 1 RM,five sets and 10 repetitions,three times a week with and without BFR,resulted in similar progress in maximal strength and in the number of maximal repetitions.The miR-1 and miR-133a decreased significantly in the vastus lateralis muscle of BFR group compared to the group without BFR,while no significant differences in the levels of miR133b,miR206,miR486,and miR499 were found between groups.In conclusion,it seems that BFR restrictions during rest periods of high-intensity resistance training,do not provide benefit for enhanced performance after a four-week training program.However,BFR-induced downregulation of miR-1 and miR-133a might cause different adaptive responses of skeletal muscle to high intensity resistance training.展开更多
High intensity resistance training(HI-RT)is a treatment option for Knee Osteoarthritis(KOA).Isotonic machines(leg press,leg extension)are utilized for standardization and reproducibility reasons,but the load used duri...High intensity resistance training(HI-RT)is a treatment option for Knee Osteoarthritis(KOA).Isotonic machines(leg press,leg extension)are utilized for standardization and reproducibility reasons,but the load used during the protocol is often low,considering that elder people usually have low strength levels,training so with high in-tensities calculated on low loads.The physiological response of an elder woman trained with high loads on a free weight exercise,the regular barbell deadlift,with a 1 Repetition Maximum(1RM)of 100 kg,can be appreciated in this report,so that for the first time we can see the effect of a one year of high intensity resistance training program on a powerlifting exercise on a 72 year-old woman with KOA.A Western Ontario and McMaster Uni-versities Arthritis Index(WOMAC)questionnaire was administered before starting the training program(T0)and after 1 year of training,as long as a control RX,to evaluate the effect of HI-RT on joint functionality and quality of life.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent disease worldwide and places a great burden on the health and economic welfare of patients.Cardiac surgery is an important way to treat cardiovascular disease,but it can prolong mechanical ventilation time,intensive care unit(ICU)stay,and postoperative hospitalization for patients.Previous studies have demonstrated that preoperative inspiratory muscle training could decrease the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.AIM To explore the effect of preoperative inspiratory muscle training on mechanical ventilation time,length of ICU stay,and duration of postoperative hospitalization after cardiac surgery.METHODS A literature search of PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,and the China Science and Technology journal VIP database was performed on April 13,2022.The data was independently extracted by two authors.The inclusion criteria were:(1)Randomized controlled trial;(2)Accessible as a full paper;(3)Patients who received cardiac surgery;(4)Preoperative inspiratory muscle training was implemented in these patients;(5)The study reported at least one of the following:Mechanical ventilation time,length of ICU stay,and/or duration of postoperative hospitalization;and(6)In English language.RESULTS We analyzed six randomized controlled trials with a total of 925 participants.The pooled mean difference of mechanical ventilation time was-0.45 h[95%confidence interval(CI):-1.59-0.69],which was not statistically significant between the intervention group and the control group.The pooled mean difference of length of ICU stay was 0.44 h(95%CI:-0.58-1.45).The pooled mean difference of postoperative hospitalization was-1.77 d in the intervention group vs the control group[95%CI:-2.41-(-1.12)].CONCLUSION Preoperative inspiratory muscle training may decrease the duration of postoperative hospitalization for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.More high-quality studies are needed to confirm our conclusion.
文摘Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and the incidence is increasing,highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease.Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer,associated with a lower risk of recur-rence and increased survival.Several avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth,proliferation,and increased apoptosis of cancer cells,including breast,prostate,colorectal,and lung cancer,when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro(i.e.,the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting,which simplifies the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses).The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors,such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines(i.e.,myokines)and hormones.However,exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated,constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical oncology.To date,it remains unclear what role different training modes(i.e.,resistance and aerobic training)as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-condi-tioned serum and its effects on cancer cells.Nevertheless,the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects,while for chronic training interventions,exercise volume appears to be an influential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training mode.Insights for future research investigating training modes,volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.
文摘Background: Diabetes mellitus often develops on the background of insulin resistance. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is included in the treatment of diabetes mellitus since it increases the sensitivity of tissues to insulin. Objective: This paper aimed to review published articles on the effects of HIIT on insulin resistance in diabetic patients. Method: A narrative literature review was undertaken. This review provides evidence from human studies, which highlights the beneficial effects of HIIT in both T1DM and T2DM patients. Conclusion: HIIT is generally safe and effective for people with diabetes mellitus and warrants further exploration.
文摘目的比较8周抗阻联合高强度间歇同期训练、单独高强度间歇训练和单独抗阻训练对男青年骨密度、肌肉适能以及血清肌骨共调节因子骨钙素和鸢尾素水平的影响。方法选取39名男青年,随机分为抗阻训练(RT)、高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和抗阻联合高强度间歇同期训练(CT)三组后,分别进行为期8周的运动干预。分别在干预前和干预后48 h测试受试者的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、体成分、最大摄氧量、肌肉力量、爆发力以及血清骨钙素和鸢尾素水平。结果三种运动干预均能显著提高男青年的瘦体重,但只有HIIT(P<0.01)和CT干预(P<0.05)能显著降低男青年的体脂率;三种运动干预均能显著提高男青年的股骨BMD,但只有HIIT(P<0.05)和RT(P<0.05)干预能显著提高男青年的腰椎BMD;RT和CT干预能显著提升男青年的卧推、硬拉、划船、深蹲的最大力量(P<0.01)和反向纵跳高度(P<0.01),而HIIT干预只能显著提升深蹲的最大力量(P<0.01);三种运动干预均能显著提高男青年的血清鸢尾素和骨钙素水平。结论三种运动干预均能增加男青年的瘦体重、股骨BMD以及血清肌骨调节因子鸢尾素和骨钙素水平,但CT对腰椎BMD的提升效果小于HIIT和RT,而RT和CT对肌肉力量和爆发力的提升效果大于HIIT。
文摘Blood flow restriction(BFR)during exercise bouts has been used to induce hypertrophy of skeletal muscle,even with low loads.However,the effects of BFR during the rest periods between sets are not known.We have tested the hypothesis that BFR during rest periods between sets of high-intensity resistance training would enhance performance.Twenty-two young adult male university students were recruited for the current study,with n=11 assigned to BFR and n=11 to a control group.The results revealed that four weeks training at 70%of 1 RM,five sets and 10 repetitions,three times a week with and without BFR,resulted in similar progress in maximal strength and in the number of maximal repetitions.The miR-1 and miR-133a decreased significantly in the vastus lateralis muscle of BFR group compared to the group without BFR,while no significant differences in the levels of miR133b,miR206,miR486,and miR499 were found between groups.In conclusion,it seems that BFR restrictions during rest periods of high-intensity resistance training,do not provide benefit for enhanced performance after a four-week training program.However,BFR-induced downregulation of miR-1 and miR-133a might cause different adaptive responses of skeletal muscle to high intensity resistance training.
文摘High intensity resistance training(HI-RT)is a treatment option for Knee Osteoarthritis(KOA).Isotonic machines(leg press,leg extension)are utilized for standardization and reproducibility reasons,but the load used during the protocol is often low,considering that elder people usually have low strength levels,training so with high in-tensities calculated on low loads.The physiological response of an elder woman trained with high loads on a free weight exercise,the regular barbell deadlift,with a 1 Repetition Maximum(1RM)of 100 kg,can be appreciated in this report,so that for the first time we can see the effect of a one year of high intensity resistance training program on a powerlifting exercise on a 72 year-old woman with KOA.A Western Ontario and McMaster Uni-versities Arthritis Index(WOMAC)questionnaire was administered before starting the training program(T0)and after 1 year of training,as long as a control RX,to evaluate the effect of HI-RT on joint functionality and quality of life.
