Modernization of Chinese herbal compound and the high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS)

Chinese herbal compound is playing an important role on curing human diseases.And it has been a trend that Chinese herbal compound is being used all over the world in 21 century.However,our Chinese herbal compound is facing serious challenge for the lack of canonical system of quality criterion for Chinese herbal compound so it has been a urgent problem to set up the quality control standards and reveal therapeutic basis of Chinese herbal compound.In order to give full play to the advantages of Chinese herbal compound,modern scientific and technological is used to research of Chinese herbal compound,especially the high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS),because it is high sensitive,rapid,and obtain more information.It is very necessary that HPLC-MS is uesed to elucidate the effective components of basic substances of Chinese Herbal Compound,and endow traditional Chinese medicine with modern scientific connotation.

Chemical Components of Achyranthes bidentata Leaves by Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

[Objectives] To study the chemical components and relative content of Achyranthes bidentata leaves and provide a scientific basis for further development and utilization of A. bidentata leaves.[Methods] The chemical components of A. bidentata leaves were rapidly analyzed using the ultra high performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS).[Results] Thirty eight chemical compounds were identified in samples of A. bidentata leaves collected from Wen County of Henan Province, in which seven chemical compounds had the relative content higher than 5%, linoleic acid reached 25.7% and inokosterone A reached 13.8%.[Conclusions] A. bidentata leaves contain many kinds of chemical compounds. This study is expected to provide a certain basis for further extraction of linoleic acid and inokosterone A.

Determination of Residual Acrylamide in Medical Polyacrylamide Hydrogel by High Performance Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectroscopy

Objective To determine residual acrylamide in medical polyacrylamide hydrogel by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy （HPLC-MS）. Methods After 13C3 labeled acrylamide was added, the sample was extracted with water and then cleaned up with ExtrelutTM 20. The polyacrylamide hydrogel sample and 20 clinical cases were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS and isotope dilution quantifying technique in selected reaction monitoring （SRM） mode. Results Acrylamide was separated from polyacrylamide hydrogel. The concentration of acrylamide in polyacrylamide hydrogel ranged from 3.9×10^-9 to 3.1×10^- 8g/L in the 20 clinical cases. The peak area was favorable linear and the range was up to 3 000 μg/L. The recovery rate was 103.1% with a relative standard deviation （RSD） of 6.20%, when the mark level was 50 lag/L. Conelusion HPLC-MS is a rapid, accurate, and sensitive method for the determination of residual acrylamide in medical polyacrylamide hydrogel.

HPLC-MS/MS Determination of Oleandrin and Adynerin in Blood with Solid Phase Supported Liquid-Liquid Extraction

[Objectives]To optimize the determination method of oleandrin and adynerin in blood. [Methods]High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( HPLC-MS/MS) was applied to determine oleandrin and adynerin in blood. The blood sample was dispersed and fixed on a solid phase supported liquid-liquid extraction column and eluted with ethyl acetate. The resulting eluent was used for chromatographic separation with Kinetex C_(18) column as the separation column and gradient elution was performed using 10 mmol/L ammonium formate solution containing 0. 1%( volume fraction) formic acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. In the tandem mass spectrometry analysis,the detection was carried out using the electrospray positive ion source multiple reaction monitoring mode. [Results] The mass concentration of oleandrin and adynerin showed linear relationship in the range of 2-100 μg/L. The limit of detection( 3 S/N) of the method was 0. 5 μg/L.A blank sample was used as the substrate for the spike recovery test. The recovery rate was in the range of 90. 0%-98. 0%,and the relative standard deviation( RSD) of the measured values( n = 6) was in the range of 2. 1%-7. 3%. [Conclusions]The method established in this experiment has the benefits of simple pretreatment,good recovery,high sensitivity and strong specificity,and is expected to provide an ideal method for the determination of such drugs in blood.

Quantitative‑Profling Method of Serum Steroid Hormones by Hydroxylamine‑Derivatization HPLC-MS

A sensitive and rapid high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS)method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantifcation of ten steroid hormones,including estrogens,androgens,progesterones,and corticosteroids four classes of steroids.The following ten steroid hormones were analyzed:progesterone,21-deoxycortisol,estrone,4-androstenedione,testosterone,dihydro-testosterone,androstenone,dehydroepiandrosterone,corticosterone and cortisone.Stable deuterated isotopes were used as internal standards for quantifcation.Sample preparation with and without derivatization were performed after liquid-liquid extraction,and the corresponding results were compared according to sensitivity and selectivity.Hydroxylamine derivatization was found to improve the ionization efciency of the analytes for electrospray ionization MS analysis.The gradient of mobile phase and experimental parameters for HPLC separation were optimized.The lower limits of quantifcation were in the range of 0.05-5 ng mL^(−1) with wide linear range for the ten steroid hormones.The intra-day precision<11.1%and recovery of 84.5-120% with negligible matrix efect were achieved,where within the acceptance limits of the FDA guideline.Total HPLC-MS analysis time was 6 min.This method enables simultaneous quantifcation of steroids in human serum.It will be helpful for the serum steroid profling in order to understand various endocrinology diseases.

Mass Spectrometric Structure Elucidation of the Trivalent and Pentavalent Nitrogen Contaminants of Pholcodine in the Cough Relief Medical Form Tuxidrin

In the paper “Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SFC-MS) and MALDI-TOF-MS of Heterocyclic Compounds with Trivalent and Pentavalent Nitrogen in Cough Relief Medical Forms Tuxi and Cosylan” [1], the presence of morphine and other degradation products of pholcodine in cough relief medical forms of Tuxi are discussed. Tuxiis recalled from the Norwegian market by Weifa pharmaceutical company, and hence it no longer presents problems to users and health authorities there;however, the medical form Tuxidrin, which contains a significant amount of pholcodine as the active pharmacological ingredient, is still marketed. In the present paper, Tuxidrin is analyzed to determine the presence of degradation products of pholcodine. The degradation of pholcodine to morphine has been discussed previously as a factor in the development of addiction to narcotics in young persons. The structures of the contaminants in Tuxidrin, such as oxides of pholcodine, are elucidated in the present paper. The toxicity and pharmacology of oxides of alkaloids have generally not been well studied, and very little is known about the toxicity and pharmacology of the degradation (oxidation) products of pholcodine: the N-oxide and the N, N'-dioxide of pholcodine. According to Brondz and Brondz[1], the N-oxide and possibly also the N, N'-dioxide are less toxic than the original alkaloids and possess greater pharmacological activity, and hence they may be a source of useful new semisynthetic drugs. The question of possible addiction to pholcodine oxides has not been studied, and the potential of these substances to provoke allergies is unclear. The recall of Tuxi from the Norwegian marketis mainly based on the fact that pholcodine causes significantly increased levels of IgE antibodies in sensitized patients. Tuxidrin contains pholcodine and has the same negative effect as Tuxi, namely provoking allergies or even anaphylactic shock. From this point of view, Tuxidrin has no advantage over Tuxi. These two medical forms only differ in one respect: Tuxidrin requires a prescription (prescription duty medicine), but Tuxi doesnot (prescription free medicine). This aspect is also discussed in the present paper.

高效液相色谱⁃串联质谱同位素内标法测定猪肉中5种磺胺类药物残留量

该方法采用高效液相色谱⁃串联质谱测定猪肉中5种磺胺类药物的残留量。猪肉样品经过乙腈提取,低温冷冻、高速离心脱脂,反向C18色谱柱分离,采用多反应监测正离子模式测定,使用同位素内标法定量。在优化条件下的结果显示,在5-200 ng/mL的质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r均大于0.999。在空白猪肉样品中添加5、50、100、200μg/kg水平的药物回收试验中,平均回收率在60%-110%之间,RSD在1.03%-8.07%之间(n=6)。结果表明,此方法中样品的前处理简单,定量结果准确,重现性好,适用于猪肉中磺胺类药物残留的定性定量检测。

UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS结合全碳标记稳定同位素内标法精确测定粮油中黄曲霉毒素

建立了全自动免疫亲和柱净化-超高效液相色谱-四级杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)结合全碳标记稳定同位素内标法对粮油中四种黄曲霉毒素精确定量方法。样品准确称量后加入全碳标记稳定同位素内标,经84/16(V/V)的乙腈/水提取、离心、稀释后,通过全自动固相萃取仪采用黄曲霉毒素免疫亲和柱进行全自动净化,净化液在UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS上进行检测后采用内标法进行定量分析。结果表明:黄曲霉毒素的加标回收率为84.7%~104.6%,日内相对标准偏差为1.7%~9.4%,日间精密度为0.7%~8.4%。采用本方法对国家标准物质的检测结果在赋值范围内,能够最大限度地降低实验人员工作量,提高工作效率,避免因人员操作失误导致的结果偏差,适用于粮油中黄曲霉毒素的精准测定,可满足日常检测和监测需求。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法-非衍生化-QuEchERS快速测定奶酪中8种生物胺

目的:建立奶酪中组胺、腐胺、酪胺、尸胺、色胺、β-苯乙胺、精胺和亚精胺的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。方法:样品经水提取后,经ODS-H C_(18)色谱柱分离,0.1%甲酸-水、0.1%甲酸-乙腈溶液作为流动相体系梯度洗脱,ESI源电喷雾正离子扫描,多反应监测模式下获得质谱数据,外标法定量。结果:15 min内8种生物胺分离良好,10~2000 ng·mL^(-1)线性良好,相关系数R均≥0.995;检出限为0.05 mg·kg^(-1);定量限为0.15 mg·kg^(-1);奶酪样品中生物胺的回收率为76%~106%,相对标准偏差<10%。结论:该方法操作便捷、快速高效、测定结果可靠,适用于实验室批量样品的检测。

Clean-DM1, a Korean Polyherbal Formula, Improves High Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Symptoms in Mice by Regulating IRS/PI3K/AKT and AMPK Expressionsin Pancreas and Liver Tissues

Objective:To investigate the effects of Clean-DM1(C-DM1),a polyherbal formulation of Radix Scrophulariae,Radix Astragali,Rhizoma Atractylodis,and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae,on high-fat diet(HFD)-induced diabetes mice.Methods:The information about active components of C-DM1 extract and molecular mechanism was obtained from network pharmacology analysis.Main compounds of C-DM1 extract by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS)analysis were conducted for quality control.For in vivo study,mice were induced diabetes by HFD for 12 weeks.The mice in the normal group(Nor)were maintained with a regular diet and treated with saline by gavage.The HFD model mice were randomly divided into 3 groups,including a HFD diabetic model group,a C-DM1 extract-administered group(C-DM1,500 mg/kg),and metformin-administered groups(Met,500 mg/kg),8 mice in each group.Food intake,body weight(BW),and fasting blood glucose(FBG)levels were recorded weekly for 4 weeks.After 4 weeks of treatment,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),blood glucose,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were determined using an automated clinical chemistry analyzer,and homeostatic model for assessing insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)levels and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)were detected.The histopathological changes of liver and pancreatic tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Insulin receptor substrate(IRS)/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)expressions in liver and pancreas tissues were detected by Western blot analysis.Results:HPLC-MS identified dihydroisotanshinone,dihydroisotanshinone I,cryptotanshinone,harpagoside,and atractyloside A in C-DM1 extract.The administration of C-DM1 extract significantly decreased body weight,calorie intake,and the levels of blood glucose and insulin in the diabetic mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The C-DM1 extract administration improved the impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in the diabetic mice and significantly decreased the levels of LDL-C,ALT and AST(P<0.01).The C-DM1 extract inhibited the histopathological changes of fatty liver and hyperplasia of pancreatic islets in the diabetic mice.The C-DM1 extract significantly increased the phosphorylation of IRS,AKT,and AMPK and the expression of PI3K in pancreas and liver tissues(P<0.05 or P<0.01),which was consistent with the analysis results of network pharmacology.Conclusion:C-DM1 extract improved diabetes symptoms in longterm HFD-induced mice by regulation of IRS/PI3K/AKT and AMPK expressions in pancreas and liver tissues,suggesting that C-DM1 formulation may help prevent the progression of T2DM.

基于超高效液相色谱-质谱分析的代谢组学在小檗碱治疗多囊卵巢综合征研究中的应用

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是妇女最常见的内分泌和代谢紊乱性疾病,合理的药物治疗非常重要。本研究中,超重/肥胖的多囊卵巢综合征患者经过小檗碱治疗3个月,采集治疗前后的血样进行分析,利用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(UHPLC-MS)对治疗前后血清中的内源性物质进行了相对含量测定。正交信号校正的偏最小二乘模式识别分析结果显示治疗前后有明显的区分。多变量分析结合非参数检验找出的与小檗碱治疗相关的差异代谢物均与脂类代谢有关。临床生化数据结合代谢组学数据显示,小檗碱治疗超重/肥胖型的多囊卵巢综合征患者可以增加机体胰岛素敏感性、改善脂类代谢。上述研究结果表明代谢组学是研究中药治疗疾病效果的有效工具之一。

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水环境中的十氯酮

建立了分析测定水环境中十氯酮的液相色谱-串联质谱法。水样经液液萃取、净化后，采用 Eclipse plus C18柱（100 mm×2.1 mm，3.5μm）分离，乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱，在电喷雾负离子多反应监测模式下进行检测，同位素内标法定量。结果表明：采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术，证实了十氯酮在甲醇中以半缩醛的形式存在，而在丙酮/乙腈中以偕二醇的形式存在。由于十氯酮极性较强，在净化时难以洗脱，并且不耐酸，所以不能与其他有机氯农药一起分析。十氯酮在5～100μg / L 范围有良好的线性关系，相关系数 r2=0.999，检出限及定量限分别为0.70 ng / L 和2.8 ng / L；在5、40和100 ng / L 3个浓度添加水平的平均回收率为95.1％～98.9％，相对标准偏差为3.85％～4.72％。本方法具有良好的灵敏度、回收率和重现性，适用于水环境中十氯酮的测定。

丹皮药材的高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱研究

采用高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱建立了丹皮药材的指纹图谱方法。丹皮药材中的主要成分得到较好分离,指纹峰重现性好,通过多维联用技术获得各指纹峰的保留时间、分子量及结构信息,推测出15个指纹峰的可能组成。结果表明:所建立的丹皮指纹图谱信息量丰富,对丹皮药材的化学表征及质量评价有重要的参考价值。

AQC柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定土壤中氨基酸

以2-氨基丁酸为内标物,6-氨基喹啉基-N-羟基琥珀酰亚氨基甲酸酯（AQC）为柱前衍生试剂,用XTerra C18 柱,1.8 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液（pH=3.0）和乙腈为流动相,采用梯度洗脱,光电二极管（PDA）检测器在248 nm波长处检测,建立了一种利用反相高效液相色谱同时测定土壤中17种氨基酸的分析方法.方法重现性好,精密度高,氨基酸浓度在25～600 μmol/L范围内,线性相关系数均大于0.99;各氨基酸检出限≤0.5 pmol .并且在该色谱条件下,获得了灵敏度较高,彼此分离良好的17种AQC衍生氨基酸的LC-MS 质谱总离子流图,为今后土壤氨基酸的深入研究提供了更加有利的手段.

高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定化妆品中的西咪替丁及雷尼替丁

建立可同时测定化妆品中西咪替丁及雷尼替丁的高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱方法。待测样品经甲醇超声提取,经0.2μm滤膜过滤后进样检测,在优化的色谱、质谱条件下,经ZORBAX SB-Aq色谱柱分离。采用电喷雾离子源在正离子模式下进行多反应监测。用基质匹配外标曲线法进行定量分析。结果表明,西咪替丁、雷尼替丁的检出浓度分别为0.03和0.02 ng/g,在1~100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(r>0.999),低、中、高3个质量浓度水平下的样品加标回收率为84.9%~116.2%,RSD不超过5%。建立的方法前处理过程简单,灵敏度、线性、回收率及重复性均满足方法学要求,可同时对化妆品中的西咪替丁和雷尼替丁进行测定。

高效液相色谱与电喷雾质谱联用分析烷基苯磺酸钠

研究了烷基苯磺酸钠的分离分析方法,采用高效液相色谱、电喷雾质谱等技术将不同碳数的烷基苯磺酸钠混合物先进行分离,再进行质谱分析并计算平均相对分子质量,结果优于直接进样的ESI-MS分析。该法操作简单,数据可靠。

祛痘化妆品中苯海拉明的高效液相色谱检测及质谱确证

建立了祛痘化妆品中苯海拉明的高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析方法及液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）确证方法。水剂类和膏霜类祛痘化妆品样品分别采用适宜提取溶剂超声提取,提取液离心处理后,以HPLC测定。选用Waters XTerra MS C18色谱柱（250×4.6mm,5μm）,以甲醇-10mmol/L碳酸氢铵缓冲溶液（体积比78∶22,氨水调节pH至10）为流动相,等度洗脱,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长218nm,外标法定量。阳性样品采用LC-MS/MS进行确证。苯海拉明的定量限为1.0mg/kg,在低、中、高添加水平的平均回收率为88.2%～105.0%,相对标准偏差在2.8%～7.9%之间。该方法简便、准确、灵敏度高,适用于祛痘化妆品中苯海拉明的测定。

生物样品中儿茶酚胺类物质分析方法的研究进展

儿茶酚胺是人体内重要的神经递质,血浆及尿中儿茶酚胺的浓度水平可用于诊断高血压、嗜铬细胞瘤及成神经细胞瘤等病症,因而准确测定人体生物样品中儿茶酚胺类物质代谢浓度的变化,在疾病的诊断和治疗中具有重要的意义。该文综述了人体液和组织中儿茶酚胺类物质的不同分析方法,包括高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法、质谱法、电化学法、化学发光法、荧光光度法等。

高效液相色谱法快速筛查环境水体中16种氟喹诺酮类抗生素及质谱确证

利用HLB固相萃取柱对环境水体中16种氟喹诺酮类抗生素(FQs)进行富集、净化,经可变波长扫描紫外检测器测定,建立了高效液相色谱法快速筛查环境水体中残留FQs种类及其残留量;对于疑似FQs残留阳性水样,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法进行进一步确证。结果表明,16种FQs在5.0~100.0μg/mL范围内,FQs质量浓度与其峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.998 9~0.999 9,检出限为0.9~7.3μg/mL,定量限为3.0~24.3μg/mL,平均回收率为89.3%~98.6%,相对标准偏差为0.9%~3.1%。

离子色谱法和高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的丁卡因及其盐类

建立了化妆品中丁卡因及其盐类的离子色谱和高效液相色谱分析方法,并对两种检测方法进行了比对分析。采用离子色谱法,丁卡因及其盐类的检出限和定量限分别为10和25 mg/kg,方法平均回收率为87.6%~102.7%,相对标准偏差为1.1%~4.7%。采用高效液相色谱法,丁卡因及其盐类的检出限和定量限分别为2和5 mg/kg,方法平均回收率为89.5%~105.6%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~5.8%。对于疑似阳性样品,进一步采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行确证分析。经比较,两种方法检测化妆品中的丁卡因及其盐类的色谱保留时间均在5 min以内,方法学数据均满足分析要求。