Partitioning Calculation Method of Short-Circuit Current for High Proportion DG Access to Distribution Network

Aiming at the problemthat the traditional short-circuit current calculationmethod is not applicable to Distributed Generation(DG)accessing the distribution network,the paper proposes a short-circuit current partitioning calculation method considering the degree of voltage drop at the grid-connected point of DG.Firstly,the output characteristics of DG in the process of low voltage ride through are analyzed,and the equivalent output model of DG in the fault state is obtained.Secondly,by studying the network voltage distribution law after fault in distribution networks under different DG penetration rates,the degree of voltage drop at the grid-connected point of DG is used as a partition index to partition the distribution network.Then,iterative computation is performed within each partition,and data are transferred between partitions through split nodes to realize the fast partition calculation of short-circuit current for high proportion DG access to distribution network,which solves the problems of long iteration time and large calculation error of traditional short-circuit current.Finally,a 62-node real distribution network model containing a high proportion of DG access is constructed onMATLAB/Simulink,and the simulation verifies the effectiveness of the short-circuit current partitioning calculation method proposed in the paper,and its calculation speed is improved by 48.35%compared with the global iteration method.

Research on Inter-turn Short-circuit Fault Diagnosis Method Based on High Frequency Voltage Residual for PMSM

Inter-turn fault is a serious stator winding short-circuit fault of permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM). Once it occurs, it produces a huge short-circuit current that poses a great risk to the safe operation of PMSM. Thus, an inter-turn short-circuit fault(ITSCF) diagnosis method based on high frequency(HF) voltage residual is proposed in this paper with proper HF signal injection. First, the analytical models of PMSM after the ITSCF are deduced. Based on the model, the voltage residual at low frequency(LF) and HF can be obtained. It is revealed that the HF voltage residual has a stronger ITSCF detection capability compared to the LF voltage residual. To obtain optimal fault signature, a 3-phase symmetrical HF voltage is injected into the machine drive system, and the HF voltage residuals are extracted. The fault indicator is defined as the standard deviation of the 3-phase HF voltage residuals. The effectiveness of the proposed ITSCF diagnosis method is verified by experiments on a triple 3-phase PMSM. It is worth noting that no extra hardware equipment is required to implement the proposed method.

串并联型风电场机组的过电压协调控制

同一串联簇中机组运行于不同风速时,采用传统的最大功率追踪控制存在过电压、过调制问题。针对该问题,提出一种适用于串并联型风电场机组的过电压协调最大功率追踪控制策略。通过设定合理的直流母线上限值Umax,结合功率-电压协调控制调节处于高风速机组输出的功率,使任何状态下机组直流母线电压都被钳制在安全范围内。最后,在Matlab/Simulink搭建控制算法仿真模型,对传统过电压控制方法与本文所提策略的仿真结果进行对比分析,结果证明了所提出策略的可靠性和实用性。

直流大电流精确测量技术综述

直流大电流精确测量技术在现代工业和科技研发等领域中都有着非常重要的实用价值,文章综述了各种直流大电流精确测量技术的原理及特点,并对这些测量技术的优缺点进行了比较。

π-Extended End Groups Enable High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells with Near-Infrared Absorption

Narrow-bandgap n-type polymers are essential for advancing the development of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs).Herein,we developed a novel polymer acceptor PNT withπ-extended 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-1-ylidene)malononitrile(CPNM)end groups.Compared to commonly used 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-1ylidene)malononitrile(IC)units,CPNM units have a further extended fused ring,providing the PNT polymer with extended absorption into the near-IR region(903 nm)and exhibiting a narrow optical bandgap(1.37 eV).Furthermore,PNT exhibits a high electron mobility(6.79×10^(−4) cm^(2)·V^(−1)·S^(−1))and a relatively high-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)energy level of−3.80 eV.When blended with PBDB-T,all-PSC achieves a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 13.7%and a high short-circuit current density(JSC)of 24.4 mA·cm^(−2),mainly attributed to broad absorption(600—900 nm)and efficient charge separation and collection.Our study provides a promising polymer acceptor for all-PSCs and demonstrates thatπ-extended CPNM units are important to achieve high-performance for all-PSCs.

Fast Protection Strategy for DC Transmission Lines of MMC-based MT-HVDC Grid

Multi-terminal high voltage DC(MT-HVDC)grid has broad application prospects in connecting different energy sources,asynchronous interconnection of power grids,remote load power supply,and other fields.At present,the key technologies that affect the development of MT-HVDC transmission system include swift fault identification and location in the DC line and its rapid isolation.Traditional fault monitoring relies on line communication,which cannot guarantee the rapidity and reliability of protection;moreover,it may even cause device damage.A fault identification scheme based on a single-terminal transient is presented in this paper.This scheme calculates the line inductance by using the rise rate of fault current at the initial stage of the fault,and determines the occurrence of the fault by comparing the observed line inductance with the set value,which lays a foundation for calculating the location of the fault point using distance protection.A simulation model on the PSCAD/EMTDC platform is built;the simulation example verifies that the proposed scheme can identify faults under dissimilar conditions while maintaining a low error level on the premise of no communication lines so as to meet the protection requirements of the MT-HVDC grid.

具有高短路电流特性的D-A共聚物给体材料的理论研究

针对目前本体异质结有机太阳能电池活性层使用的给-受体(D-A)共聚物,研究对D-A给体材料的选取是设计高效有机太阳能电池的关键问题。本文分别选取了10种D单元和A单元,采用第一性原理密度泛函方法,研究了D、A单元及其相应共聚物结构和能隙的变化。结果表明:噻吩环稠合时噻吩环的个数、噻吩环与苯环稠合时苯环的个数都可以有效地调制能隙的大小;同时结构中噻吩环上S原子的位置对带隙也有一定影响。在此基础上,选取噻吩并[3,4-b]噻吩D2、双噻吩锗D6和吡咯并吡咯二酮A4为单体的三种带隙值较小的聚合物,研究了三种高短路电流给体材料P_1(PDTG-PT)、P_2(PNTz4T)、P_3(DPPTT-T)的电子结构特性。通过分析其分子链构象、Bader电荷转移和形成能,表明它们是高短路电流有机太阳能电池D-A型给体材料的理想选择。本研究为设计高短路电流有机太阳能电池D-A型给体材料提供了有价值的指导。