A New Variant of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema from Long-Term High-Dose of Glucocorticoid Therapy: A Case Report

Recent studies have described the combination of both pulmonary emphysema and idiopathic interstitial lung disease (ILDs) by means of high-resolution computed axial tomography (HRCT). Definition of this syndrome was first named by Cottin as combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). Functional and radiological findings have showed that these patients are suffering from severe breathlessness, but whose pulmonary functional tests revealed no signs of obstruction, normal static lung volumes, and depressed DLco, most with a history of smoking [1] [2]. The radiological and endoscopic studies especially show that these patients have both areas of upper-lobe predominant emphysema and lesions compatible with fibrosis in both lung bases [3]. No prior research has reported any cases of such condition in person with no prior history of smoking as well as long-term high-dose of glucocorticoid therapy. In this case report, we discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 53-year-old non-smoker with increasing shortness of breath with a long-term high-dose of glucocorticoid therapy discovered to have an abnormal variant or presentation of CPFE. The cause of disease was attributed to a certain history of smoking in most studies;other potential risk factors have yet to be properly analyzed. This clinical report features a special case about the problem and solution surrounding this issue.

Effects of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium on acute coronary syndrome patients receiving reperfusion therapy:a meta-analysis

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulinpotassium(GIK) therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS) patients receiving reperfusion therapy.METHODS:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion therapy.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately included.Compared with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio [RR] 0.57,95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03) and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95% CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04) and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference [MD] 2.12,95% CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02) at 6 months.However,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 year.Additionally,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95% CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95% CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009) and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95% CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02) but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary reperfusion.In terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) or catalase(CAT) activity.CONCLUSION:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering eflcacy in response to high-dose GIK.Moreover,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and hypoglycemia.Furthermore,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose GIK.More trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.

Glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotype structure and steroid therapy outcome in IBD patients

AIM: To study whether the glucocorticoid receptor (GR/ NR3C1) gene haplotypes influence the steroid therapy outcome in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: We sequenced all coding exons and flanking intronic sequences of the NR3C1 gene in 181 IBD patients, determined the single nucleotide polymorphisms, and predicted the NR3C1 haplotypes. Furthermore, we investigated whether certain NR3C1 haplotypes are significantly associated with steroid therapy outcomes. RESULTS: We detected 13 NR3C1 variants, which led to the formation of 17 different haplotypes with a certainty of > 95% in 173 individuals. The three most commonly occurring haplotypes were included in the association analysis of the influence of haplotype on steroid therapy outcome or IBD activity. None of the NR3C1 haplotypes showed statistically signifi cant association with glucocorticoid therapy success. CONCLUSION: NR3C1 haplotypes are not related to steroid therapy outcome.

Glucocorticoid reduces the efficacy of afatinib on the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Glucocorticoids(GC)are widely used to counter the adverse events during cancer therapy;nonetheless,previous studies pointed out that GC may reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy on cancer cells,especially in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)-targeted therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remaining to be elucidated.The primary aim of the present study was to probe into the GC-induced resistance of EGFR-targeted drug afatinib and the underlying mechanism.HNSCC cell lines(HSC-3,SCC-25,SCC-9,and H-400)and the human oral keratinocyte(HOK)cell lines were assessed for GC receptor(GR)expression.The promoting tumor growth effect of GC was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry.Levels of signaling pathways participants GR,mTOR,and EGFR were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.GC increased the proliferation of HNSCC cells in a GR-dependent manner and promoted AKT/mTOR signaling.But GC failed in counteracting the inhibition of rapamycin in the mTOR signaling pathway.Besides,GC also induced resistance to EGFR-targeted drug afatinib through AKT/mTOR instead of the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway.Thus,GCs reduce the efficacy of afatinib on HNSCC,implicating a cautious use of glucocorticoids in clinical practice.

丁苯酞序贯疗法联合高压氧疗及糖皮质激素对急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床疗效研究

目的 评估丁苯酞序贯疗法(BST)辅助治疗对急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的临床疗效。方法 选取延安市人民医院神经内科2018年1月至2023年6月就诊的DEACMP患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法,将DEACMP患者随机分为高压氧治疗(HBOT)组、糖皮质激素(GC)组(GC联合HBOT)、BST组(HBOT、GC联合BST),均持续治疗30 d。观察并比较3组DEACMP治疗期间不良反应发生情况及治疗后临床疗效。比较3组治疗前后炎症指标、神经损伤指标、认知功能、神经功能和日常生活能力。结果 研究共纳入患者120例,每组各40例。治疗期间,3组患者均未观察到严重不良反应事件,无1例患者因不良反应而终止治疗。BST组治疗总有效率显著高于GC组和HBOT组,而GC组高于HBOT组(P<0.05)。治疗前,3组炎症指标、神经损伤指标、认知功能、神经功能和日常生活功能评分差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。治疗后,3组血清脂蛋白磷脂酶(LP-PLA2)、全身炎症反应指数(SIRI)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、中枢神经特异蛋白(S100-β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且BST组低于HBOT组和GC组,GC组低于HBOT组(P<0.05)。治疗后,3组简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、和Barthel指数(BI)评分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),但美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分下降(P<0.05)。此外,BST组MMSE、MoCA、和BI评分高于HBOT组和GC组(P<0.05),NIHSS评分低于HBOT组和GC组(P<0.05);GC组MMSE、MoCA、BI评分高于HBOT组,NIHSS评分低于HBOT组(P<0.05)。结论 与HBOT治疗和HBOT联合GC治疗比较,BST辅助治疗可提升DECAMP患者临床疗效,改善炎症状态、认知功能和日常生活能力。

不同剂量糖皮质激素冲击治疗风湿病患者的临床疗效分析

目的分析不同剂量糖皮质激素冲击治疗风湿病的临床疗效。方法80例风湿病患者,采取随机形式分为对照组和研究组,每组40例。对照组接受小剂量甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠治疗,研究组接受大剂量甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠治疗。比较两组患者治疗效果、不良反应发生情况。结果研究组疾病治疗总有效率90.0%高于对照组的60.0%,对比存在显著差异(P<0.05)。研究组治疗期间不良反应发生率为37.5%,与对照组的25.0%对比不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。结论临床中为风湿病患者提供大剂量糖皮质激素进行冲击治疗,能够提高疾病临床疗效,且不会引发严重不良反应。

大剂量糖皮质激素冲击疗法对单侧全聋型突发性聋患者的临床疗效观察

目的 探讨大剂量糖皮质激素冲击疗法对单侧全聋型突发性聋(sudden sensorineural hearing loss, SSNHL)患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取2020年8月至2022年8月内蒙古医科大学附属医院单侧全聋型SSNHL患者52例。随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各26例。对照组采用糖皮质激素常规治疗,治疗组采用大剂量糖皮质激素冲击疗法,比较两组患者听力改善效果及不良反应情况。结果 52例患者中,男20例,女32例,年龄22~65岁,平均(45.4±11.3)岁。两组治疗后平均听阈值低于治疗前,且治疗组低于对照组;治疗组总有效率高于对照组(80.77%比53.85%),治疗期间治疗组不良反应发生率高于对照组(61.54%比19.23%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 大剂量糖皮质激素冲击疗法能够有效改善单侧全聋型SSNHL患者听力,但治疗期间不良反应发生率较高。

Current medical therapy of inflammatory bowel disease

INTRODUCTIONThe 1990’s have brought a significant promise and the hopefor a better and brighter future in the new millennium forpatients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).A betterunderstanding of the pathophysiology of IBD symptoms hasled to newer treatment modalities and streamlining oftherapy for specific subsets of patients.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in chemotherapy-sensitive lymphoblastic lymphoma: treatment outcome and prognostic factor analysis

Objective： The study evaluated the effectiveness of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （AHSCT） in the treatment of lymphoblastic lymphoma （LL）. Methods： We relxospectively analyzed the data from 41 patients with chemotherapy-sensitive LL who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT） from December 1989 to December 2009 in a single institution. Results： HSCT was conducted as first-line consolidation therapy and salvage therapy in 36 and 5 patients, respectively. The median follow-up was 97.1 months （range, 24.6-173.1 months）. The 5-year overall survival （OS） and event-free survival （EFS） rate were 64% and 47% for the initially treated patients, respectively, and were both 20% for the relapsed ones. Bone marrow （BM） involvement and chemotherapy cycles prior to transplantation were identified as significant prognostic factors for EFS in multivariate analysis. Conclusions These results confirm that AHSCT is a reasonable option for chemotherapy-sensitive LL patients in first complete remission （CR1）.

Current cancer therapies and their influence on glucose control

This review focuses on the development of hyperglycemia arising from widely used cancer therapies spanning four drug classes.These groups of medications were selected due to their significant association with new onset hyperglycemia,or of potentially severe clinical consequences when present.These classes include glucocorticoids that are frequently used in addition to chemotherapy treatments,and the antimetabolite class of 5-fluorouracil-related drugs.Both of these classes have been in use in cancer therapy since the 1950s.Also considered are the phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)-inhibitors that provide cancer response advantages by disrupting cell growth,proliferation and survival signaling pathways,and have been in clinical use as early as 2007.The final class to be reviewed are the monoclonal antibodies selected to function as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).These were first used in 2011 for advanced melanoma and are rapidly becoming widely utilized in many solid tumors.For each drug class,the literature has been reviewed to answer relevant questions about these medications related specifically to the characteristics of the hyperglycemia that develops with use.The incidence of new glucose elevations in euglycemic individuals,as well as glycemic changes in those with established diabetes has been considered,as has the expected onset of hyperglycemia from their first use.This comparison emphasizes that some classes exhibit very immediate impacts on glucose levels,whereas other classes can have lengthy delays of up to 1 year.A comparison of the spectrum of severity of hyperglycemic consequences stresses that the appearance of diabetic ketoacidosis is rare for all classes except for the ICIs.There are distinct differences in the reversibility of glucose elevations after treatment is stopped,as the mTOR inhibitors and ICI classes have persistent hyperglycemia long term.These four highlighted drug categories differ in their underlying mechanisms driving hyperglycemia,with clinical presentations ranging from potent yet transient insulin resistant states[type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)-like]to rare permanent insulin-deficient causes of hyperglycemia.Knowledge of the relative incidence of new onset hyperglycemia and the underlying causes are critical to appreciate how and when to best screen and treat patients taking any of these cancer drug therapies.

糖尿病与非糖尿病患者口腔颌面部间隙感染的临床特征及治疗结果比较

目的比较糖尿病与非糖尿病患者口腔颌面部间隙感染的临床特征。方法选取2017年2月至2020年2月本院口腔颌面外科收治的72例口腔颌面部间隙感染患者作为研究对象,均给予对症支持治疗,根据是否合并糖尿病分为糖尿病组(n=29)和非糖尿病组(n=43)。分析感染原因、感染间隙,比较两组实验室检查指标、感染细菌分布、临床表现及治疗结果。结果72例感染患者中,牙源性感染最多,占比66.7%,其次为腺源性,占比15.3%;两组感染原因比较差异无统计学意义。72例感染患者中,颌下间隙感染最多,占比37.5%,其次为颊间隙,占比31.9%;两组感染间隙比较差异无统计学意义。糖尿病组入院时空腹血糖水平明显高于非糖尿病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组入院时白细胞计数和中性粒细胞百分比比较差异无统计学意义。72例感染患者中,行脓肿切开51例,占比70.8%;其中糖尿病组占比65.5%,非糖尿病组占比74.4%,两组脓肿切开占比比较差异无统计学意义。51例脓肿切开患者中,检出感染细菌30例,检出率58.8%;感染细菌以链球菌为主,占比25.5%。糖尿病组感染细菌12例,占比40.0%,其中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)感染占比最多(21.1%);非糖尿病组感染细菌18例,咽峡链球菌感染占比最多(15.6%);两组感染细菌分布情况比较差异均无统计学意义。糖尿病组感染累计间隙多于非糖尿病组,颌面部肿胀范围大于非糖尿病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病组住院时间长于非糖尿病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组呼吸道梗阻、纵隔炎发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论口腔颌面部感染合并糖尿病时,患者颌面部感染程度更重、住院时间更长且并发症更多,给予合理治疗可控制感染,避免并发症的发生。

黄葵敛肠汤与西药治疗炎症性肠病疗效观察

目的探究黄葵敛肠汤加减联合糖皮质激素治疗炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)的疗效及对患者肠道菌群的影响。方法选取2018年1月-2021年12月该院就诊的106例IBD患者,随机数字表法将其设为研究组与对照组各53例。对照组接受糖皮质激素治疗,研究组在此基础上联用黄葵敛肠汤加减治疗。比较两组疗效、中医证候积分、肠道菌群、炎症指标及免疫指标变化情况。结果研究组治疗总有效率92.45%(49/53),比对照组75.47%(40/53)高(P<0.05);研究组治疗后中医证候积分、大肠杆菌均比对照组低,乳杆菌、双歧杆菌均比对照组高(P<0.05);研究组治疗后白细胞介素6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)均比对照组低(P<0.05);研究组治疗后免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)均比对照组低(P<0.05)。结论黄葵敛肠汤加减联合糖皮质激素治疗炎症性肠病疗效确切,抑炎作用显著,可有效改善患者肠道菌群。

糖皮质激素替代剂量对腺垂体功能减退症患者激素暴露的影响

目的探讨糖皮质激素替代剂量(小剂量、生理剂量及超生理剂量)对腺垂体功能减退症(HP)患者激素暴露的影响。方法收集2010年1月至2020年12月在湖南师范大学附属湘东医院和湖南师范大学附属第一医院确诊的192例服用稳定剂量糖皮质激素(GC)替代治疗至少1年的HP患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据HP患者服用GC剂量分为小剂量组(HCeq<20 mg/d)(37例)、生理剂量组(HCeq=20 mg/d)(53例)、超生理剂量组(HCeq≥30 mg/d)(102例),比较各组间激素暴露风险差异及危险因素。结果与生理剂量组、超生理剂量组对比,小剂量组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、空腹血糖(FBG)、尿酸(UA)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、第1天糖皮质激素剂量(GC_( 1))、第2天糖皮质激素剂量(GC_( 2))、第3天糖皮质激素剂量(GC _(3))偏低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与生理剂量组、超生理剂量组对比,小剂量组向心性肥胖、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)、血脂异常、高血压病、冠心病、低骨量、骨质疏松、慢性胃炎、精神症状发生率更低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析显示,以小剂量组为参照,生理及超生理剂量GC是向心性肥胖、血脂异常、高血压病、骨质疏松的危险因素(P<0.05);超生理剂量GC是NAFLD、冠心病、慢性胃炎、低骨量的危险因素(P<0.05);GC _(1)、GC_( 2)是发生精神症状的危险因素(P<0.05);生活质量评估:与生理剂量组、超生理剂量组相比,小剂量组在生理职能等4个维度得分较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同剂量GC替代治疗对HP患者激素暴露的影响程度有所不同,治疗HP患者,强调个性化糖皮质激素替代,其中小剂量GC替代治疗在改善生活质量的同时可降低激素暴露风险。

结节病药物治疗研究进展

结节病是以非干酪性上皮样细胞肉芽肿为特征的全身性疾病,可累及多个器官,以肺为多见。结节病临床表现多样,发病率高,其中部分肺结节病患者可自发缓解,但停药后极易复发,部分纤维化型肺结节病患者病情持续进展,预后不良。因此管理决策重要且具有挑战性。目前关于结节病的治疗虽已达成初步共识,但仍需要进一步细化。同时,随着药物的不断开发,部分生物制剂已能有效治疗结节病。该文探讨结节病目前的药物治疗进展,其中糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂可能是治疗结节病的关键,生物制剂是未来研究的热点。

他克莫司治疗慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病的疗效

目的 对比他克莫司与糖皮质激素用于慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病(CIDP)维持治疗的临床疗效。方法 收集2019-05—2021-10在重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经内科住院治疗的CIDP患者32例,分为他克莫司治疗组(观察组)与激素治疗组(对照组)。通过对2组患者维持治疗前后反映疾病严重程度的专科量表[包括评估损伤的英国医学研究委员会(MRC)量表、评估残疾的炎症性Rasch综合残疾量表(I-RODS)]得分进行分析,观察他克莫司治疗CIDP的疗效。结果 两因素重复测量设计的方差分析显示,在时间因素和组别因素无交互作用的情况下(P>0.05),时间因素对两量表的主效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且两量表得分均随时间呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。2组患者在开始维持治疗后第3、6、12个月两量表得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。为期1 a的观察试验结束时,2组患者改善率及复发率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 无论他克莫司还是糖皮质激素作为CIDP的维持治疗均能使患者获益,且他克莫司用于CIDP维持治疗的疗效不劣于糖皮质激素。

重度糖皮质激素依赖性哮喘抗免疫球蛋白E和抗白介素-5靶向治疗1例报告

本文报告1例血清免疫球蛋白E水平增高和外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多且经哮喘分级治疗第5级治疗仍未控制的重度糖皮质激素依赖性哮喘患者的靶向治疗过程。患者2018年3月底开始接受抗免疫球蛋白E治疗(奥马珠单抗,每2周1次600 mg),后哮喘发作次数有所减少,所需口服糖皮质激素(oral corticosteroid,OCS)剂量有所降低,但病情不稳定,哮喘时有发作,且OCS维持治疗剂量仍较高,并已出现长期OCS治疗相关的不良反应如高血压等。为此,2022年7月下旬起对患者换用抗白介素-5治疗(美泊利珠单抗,每4周1次100 mg),患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数明显下降,哮喘控制水平较好,急性发作次数明显减少,泼尼松维持治疗剂量也逐渐降低至5 mg/d。

糖皮质激素冲击治疗对活动期中重度甲状腺相关眼病患者的疗效及影响因素分析

目的:探究影响糖皮质激素冲击治疗活动期中重度甲状腺相关眼病(thyroid associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)效果的可能因素。方法:回顾性分析2018年6月至2020年3月在珠海市第五人民医院内分泌科采用标准化糖皮质激素冲击治疗的活动期中重度TAO患者103例,根据治疗后眼睑退缩、眼球突出、眼球运动及临床活动性评分(clinical activity score,CAS)等指标的改善程度分为疗效显著组80例和疗效欠佳组23例,对比两组患者的年龄、性别、吸烟史、突眼度、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)、中性粒细胞计数(neutrophil count,NEU)、淋巴细胞计数(lymphocyte count,LYM)、中性粒-淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、促甲状腺素受体抗体(thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibodies,TRAb)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(anti-thyroglobulin antibodies,TGAb)、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroid peroxidase antibody,TPOAb)等相关指标,分析影响疗效的有关因素。结果:疗效显著组和疗效欠佳组对比,年龄、性别和LYM无统计学差异(P>0.05);吸烟史、突眼度、CRP、ESR、NEU、NLR、TRAb、TGAb、TPOAb等指标存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析表明吸烟史、突眼度、CRP、ESR、NEU、NLR、TRAb、TGAb、TPOAb等因素与疗效相关(P<0.05)。结论:对于中重度TAO患者,使用糖皮质激素冲击治疗时,性别、年龄、LYM与疗效无关,突眼度、吸烟史、CRP、ESR、NEU、NLR、TRAb、TGAb、TPOAb等因素与疗效有关,戒烟、积极治疗甲状腺疾病有助于提高疗效。

Efficacy and safety of high-dose esomeprazole–amoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori rescue treatment:a multicenter,prospective,randomized,controlled trial

Background:High-dose dual therapy(HDDT)with proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)and amoxicillin has attracted widespread attention due to its favorable efficacy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for H.pylori rescue treatment.Methods:This was a prospective,randomized,multicenter,non-inferiority trial.Patients recruited from eight centers who had failed previous treatment were randomly(1:1)allocated to two eradication groups:HDDT(esomeprazole 40 mg and amoxicillin 1000 mg three times daily;theHDDTgroup)and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy(esomeprazole 40 mg,bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg,and furazolidone 100 mg twice daily,combined with tetracycline 500 mg three times daily;the tetracycline,furazolidone,esomeprazole,and bismuth[TFEB]group)for 14 days.The primary endpoint was the H.pylori eradication rate.The secondary endpoints were adverse effects,symptom improvement rates,and patient compliance.Results:A total of 658 patients who met the criteria were enrolled in this study.The HDDT group achieved eradication rates of 75.4%(248/329),81.0%(248/306),and 81.3%(248/305)asdetermined by the intention-to-treat(ITT),modified intention-totreat(MITT),and per-protocol(PP)analyses,respectively.The eradication rates were similar to those in the TFEB group:78.1%(257/329),84.2%(257/305),and 85.1%(257/302).The lower 95%confidence interval boundary(9.19%in the ITT analysis,9.21%in the MITT analysis,and9.73%in the PP analysis)was greater than the predefined non-inferiority margin of10%,establishing a non-inferiority of the HDDT group vs.the TFEB group.The incidence of adverse events in the HDDT group was significantly lower than that in the TFEB group(11.1%vs.26.8%,P<0.001).Symptom improvement rates and patients’compliance were similar between the two groups.Conclusions:Fourteen-day HDDT is non-inferior to bismuth-containing quadruple therapy,with fewer adverse effects and good treatment compliance,suggesting HDDT as an alternative for H.pylori rescue treatment in the local region.Trial registration:Clinicaltrials.gov,NCT04678492.

经甲舌膜病灶内糖皮质激素注射对喉接触性肉芽肿的疗效观察

目的探讨经甲舌膜穿刺病灶内糖皮质激素注射在喉接触性肉芽肿(LCG)治疗中的效果。方法选取2020年1月—2022年1月收治的88例LCG,根据治疗方法的不同分为对照组52例(应用药物抑酸疗法)和观察组36例(在对照组治疗基础上联合经甲舌膜病灶内糖皮质激素注射治疗),全部病例随访12个月,比较2组治疗效果和治愈时间。结果2组临床总有效率比较无差异(P>0.05),但观察组治愈率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治愈时间为(91.62±4.00)d短于对照组的(126.44±5.50)d(P<0.05)。结论经甲舌膜病灶内糖皮质激素注射联合抑酸疗法治疗LCG的效果显著,操作简单易行,成功率高,可显著缩短疗程。

大剂量糖皮质激素冲击治疗重症肌无力的效果观察

目的探讨大剂量糖皮质激素冲击治疗在重症肌无力患者治疗中的效果,以期为临床治疗提供参考。方法本研究选取南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院2019年1月—2021年12月收治的92例重症肌无力患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组与观察组,每组46例。对照组患者采用常规治疗,包括营养支持、免疫抑制剂等。观察组患者在对照组治疗基础上采用大剂量糖皮质激素冲击治疗。治疗结束时,比较2组患者治疗效果。比较2组患者治疗前后(治疗后为治疗结束时)血清乙酰胆碱受体抗体(AchR-Ab)水平。治疗结束后比较2组患者临床分型。结果2组患者治疗效果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,2组患者AchR-Ab水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,观察组患者低于治疗前,且低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者临床分型优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大剂量糖皮质激素冲击疗法能有效治疗重症肌无力,可降低AchR-Ab水平,改善患者临床分型,安全有效,值得推广应用。