Photosynthetic Performance and Potency of <i>Cannabis sativa</i>L. Grown under LED and HPS Illumination

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be used as an energy efficient alternative to high-pressure sodium (HPS), which have historically been the standard for supplemental lighting in cannabis cultivation. However, there is a lack of scientific understanding in the cannabis industry regarding plant physiology, which has resulted in the adoption of cannabis cultivation methods based on hearsay rather than scientific research. The goals of this study were to 1) compare LED lighting options that are commonly used in the cannabis industry and 2) compare the top performing LED light with an industry standard HPS light. Specifically, three LED lights were compared (California Light Works ((SolarSystem 1100), BIOS Lighting (Icarus Gi2), and Fluence Bioengineering (now Fluence by Osram) (SPYDR xPLUS)), based on light distribution, leaf temperature, and photosynthetic performance indices. The LED versus HPS comparison was based on light response curves measured at photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) of (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750 and 2000 μmol∙m−2∙s−1), carbon assimilation rates (A) μmol CO2 m−2∙s−1 using a LiCor-6800 and resulting cannabinoid potency (THCA). The SPYDR xPLUS-Fluence by Osram had the highest performing LED light used in the LED comparison. At the suggested distance from bulb to canopy in the HPS versus LED comparison (6 inches for LEDs and 4 ft for HPS), carbon assimilation rates displayed a 142% percent increase in plants grown under LED vs. HPS with average photon flux densities of 795 and 298 μmol∙m−2∙s−1 for LED and HPS, respectively. All cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. showed increased cannabinoid potency when grown under LED illumination. The results of this study provide further insight regarding the selection of supplemental light to achieve maximum productivity of Cannabis sativa L.

雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片早期联合抗生素治疗Hp阳性胃溃疡患者97例疗效观察

目的:观察雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片联合抗生素治疗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性胃溃疡患者的Hp根除率。方法:将Hp阳性的胃溃疡患者随机分为两组:治疗组97例,雷贝拉唑20 mg,每日晨服,治疗2周,羟氨苄青霉素1 g,克拉霉素0.5 g,每日2次,治疗1周;对照组78例,胶体次构橼酸铋480 mg,羟氨苄青霉素1 g,克拉霉素0.5 g,每日2次,治疗1周。结果:治疗组Hp根除率(93.81%,91/97)明显高于对照组(74.36%,58/78),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组Hp活动期溃疡愈合率(95.87%,93/97)明显高于对照组(78.21%,61/78),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);全部患者共149例(84.08%)Hp根除,154例(87.04%)溃疡愈合,6例发生副作用。结论:雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片早期联合使用抗生素治疗胃溃疡能显著根除Hp,提高溃疡愈合率。

幽和汤与雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗Hp感染疗效观察及对比研究

目的：观察幽和汤及雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的疗效,并进行对比分析,探讨中医、西医治疗HP感染的有效性以及幽和汤是否具备替代抗生素治疗Hp感染的可行性。方法：选取2014年10月~2015年10月陕西中医药大学附属医院收治的87例患者为研究对象,随机均分为3组,分别为治疗组1、治疗组2和对照组。治疗组1：口服幽和汤,每日1剂,分2次服用,每次100ml;治疗组2：口服雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片（10mg/片）,每日2次,一次1片。对照组：口服雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片（10mg/片）,每日2次,一次1片;盐酸左氧氟沙星片（0.1g/片）,每日2次,一次2片;克拉霉素片（0.25g/片）,每日2次,一次2片;以上药物疗程均为15天。对比分析3组之间的临床疗效、HP感染根除率。结果：幽和汤治疗组1、雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗组2及三联疗法对照组的Hp根除率分别为31.03%、34.48%、65.52%,幽和汤治疗组1、雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗组2与三联疗法对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。治疗前,幽和汤治疗组1、雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗组2及三联疗法对照组三组间症状总积分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,具有可比性;治疗后幽和汤治疗组1、雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗组2及三联疗法对照组症状总积分均优于治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且幽和汤治疗组1、雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗组2优于三联疗法对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。治疗后幽和汤治疗组1、雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗组2及三联疗法对照组总有效率分别为89.66%、93.10%、62.07%,幽和汤治疗组1、雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片治疗组2总有效率均优于三联疗法对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：治疗组1、治疗组2的Hp根除率均低于对照组;治疗组1、治疗组2总有效率均优于对照组;治疗组1与治疗组2比较无显著差异;幽和汤不具备替代抗生素治疗Hp感染的可行性。

添加剂对5μm电解铜箔性能及形貌的影响

电解铜箔因其具有强度高、延展性良好等优势被广泛应用于新能源领域,目前对于5μm电解铜箔性能的影响因素研究较少。本文采用单一变量法考察了PEG、HVP和HP等添加剂对Cu电沉积的影响,通过正交试验探究PEG、HVP和HP复合添加剂对5μm电解铜箔性能的影响,并对比了不同添加剂对5μm电解铜箔外观形貌的影响,得到如下结论:PEG和HVP具有增强极化的作用,且随着浓度的增加极化作用增强,HP具有去极化的作用,且随着浓度的增加去极化作用增强;通过正交试验得出的最优复合添加剂的浓度为PEG 0.36 g/L、HVP 0.12 g/L、HP 0.05 g/L,在此条件下得到的较佳性能为抗拉强度485.17 MPa、延伸率3.72%、粗糙度1.31;相比于单一添加剂,最优配比复合添加剂下的复合镀层表面更加均匀平整,且颗粒细小。

Late-Stage Ductile Deformation in Xiongdian-Suhe HP Metamorphic Unit, North-Western Dabie Shan, Central China

New structural and petrological data unveil a very complicated ductile deformation history of the Xiongdian-Suhe HP metamorphic unit, north-western Dabie Shan, central China. The fine-grained symplectic amphibolite-facies assemblage and coronal structure enveloping eclogite-facies garnet, omphacite and phengite etc., representing strain-free decompression and retrogressive metamorphism, are considered as the main criteria to distinguish between the early-stage deformation under HP metamorphic conditions related to the continental deep subduction and collision, and the late-stage deformation under amphibolite to greenschist-facies conditions occurred in the post-eclogite exhumation processes. Two late-stages of widely developed, sequential ductile deformations D 3 and D 4, are recognized on the basis of penetrative fabrics and mineral aggregates in the Xiongdian-Suhe HP metamorphic unit, which shows clear, regionally, consistent overprinting relationships. D 3 fabrics are best preserved in the Suhe tract of low post-D 3 deformation intensity and characterized by steeply dipping layered mylonitic amphibolites associated with doubly vergent folds. They are attributed to a phase of tectonism linked to the initial exhumation of the HP rocks and involved crustal shortening with the development of upright structures and the widespread emplacement of garnet-bearing granites and felsic dikes. D 4 structures are attributed to the main episode of ductile extension (D 1 4) with a gently dipping foliation to the north and common intrafolial, recumbent folds in the Xiongdian tract, followed by normal sense top-to-the north ductile shearing (D 2 4) along an important tectonic boundary, the so-called Majiawa-Hexiwan fault (MHF), the westward continuation of the Balifan-Mozitan-Xiaotian fault (BMXF) of the northern Dabie Shan. It is indicated that the two stages of ductile deformation observed in the Xiongdian-Suhe HP metamorphic unit, reflecting the post-eclogite compressional or extrusion wedge formation, the subhorizontal ductile extension and crustal thinning as well as the top-to-the north shearing along the high-angle ductile shear zones responsible for exhumation of the HP unit as a coherent slab, are consistent with those recognized in the Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts, suggesting that they were closely associated in time and space. The Xiongdian-Suhe HP metamorphic unit thus forms part of the Triassic (250-230 Ma) collision orogenic belt, and can not connect with the South Altun-North Qaidam-North Qinling UHP metamorphic belt formed during the Early Paleozoic (500-400 Ma).

雷贝拉唑钠联合枸橼酸铋钾四联疗法治疗Hp阳性消化性溃疡的疗效观察

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性消化性溃疡采用雷贝拉唑钠联合枸橼酸铋钾四联疗法治疗的效果。方法:选取本院收治的Hp阳性消化性溃疡患者102例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各51例。对照组采用雷贝拉唑钠三联疗法治疗,试验组采用雷贝拉唑钠联合枸橼酸铋钾四联疗法治疗,比较两组临床疗效、Hp根除率、炎性因子水平、不良反应。结果:治疗后,相较于对照组,试验组总有效率及Hp根除率高,白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:Hp阳性消化性溃疡采用雷贝拉唑钠联合枸橼酸必钾四联疗法治疗可提高治疗效果和Hp根除率,减轻炎症反应,且不良反应少,安全性较高。

新型HP-1黄药在硫浮选中的试验研究

由于生产黄药的原材料价格涨幅比较大,导致黄药生产成本增加,为此,陕西华光实业有限责任公司研发了新型HP-1型黄药。通过室内小型浮选试验研究,HP-1黄药与正丁基黄药的选硫指标相比,具有适应性强,有利于提高选硫选别指标,提高浮选效益和降低药剂成本的优点。

四黄清胃汤联合四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(HP)随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察四黄清胃汤联合四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(HP)疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将70例住院及门诊患者就诊顺序号方法简单随机分两组。对照组35例四联疗法(阿莫西林+克拉霉素+泮托拉唑钠+枸橼酸铋钾)。治疗组35例四黄清胃汤(黄芪15g,川连6g,黄芩、黄柏各10g,乌梅、公英各12g,厚朴9g,党参15g,丹参12g,山楂、白术各15g,炙甘草6g),随症加减,1剂/d,水煎150m L,早晚口服;四联疗法同对照组。连续治疗14d为1疗程。观测临床症状、幽门螺杆菌(HP)、不良反应。治疗1疗程,根除治疗4周,判定疗效。随访3个月、6个月,观测不良反应及幽门螺杆菌(HP)。[结果]治疗组根除31例,未根除3例,根除率91.18%;对照组根除27例,未根除7例,根除率79.41%;治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。随访3个月、6个月,未见不良反应发生及13C-UBT检测仍为阴性。[结论]四黄清胃汤联合四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(HP),疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。

毛细管电泳手性分离罗格列酮钠

目的:以羟丙基-β-环糊精为手性分离剂,通过优化其浓度及缓冲液的pH来达到罗格列酮钠(外消旋体,具有2种异构体)的基线分离,并研究温度对分离的影响。方法:用30mmol·L^(-1)磷酸盐缓冲液(pH6.5,含4％羟丙基-β-环糊精)作为电泳液,检测波长248nm。结果:罗格列酮铀的2种异构体分离度为1.6,峰面积比值的精密度(RSD)为0.8％。结论:方法简单、精密度较高。可作为罗格列酮钠的手性分离方法。

阿莫西林、克拉霉素联合雷贝拉唑治疗胃溃疡效果及对白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、胃肠激素的影响

目的探讨阿莫西林、克拉霉素联合雷贝拉唑的三联疗法治疗胃溃疡患者效果及对血清胃动素(MTL)、胃泌素(GAS)等胃肠激素及白细胞介素-1(IL-1)水平的影响。方法将2015年6月—2017年3月因胃溃疡于我院消化科就诊的80例患者纳入研究并随机分组,所有患者均采用三联抗菌治疗,其中对照组40例采用以奥美拉唑为基础的三联疗法,观察组40例则以雷贝拉唑为基础,均治疗2周,比较两组临床疗效。结果治疗后,患者GAS、IL-1降低,MTL则较前升高,观察组改善更显著,P<0.05;对照组总有效率为87.50%(35/40),观察组为95.00%(38/40),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组HP清除率为92.50%(37/40),高于对照组的75.00%(30/40),P<0.05。结论以雷贝拉唑为基础的三联疗法治疗胃溃疡效果显著,可改善黏膜炎症反应,调节胃肠激素水平。

新型水溶性抗癌光/声敏剂HPS的合成及其生物活性测定

目的:设计、合成水溶性敏化剂2-(1-己氧基)乙基二氢卟吩f钠盐(HPS),并对其水溶性、稳定性和生物活性进行考察。方法:利用脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(MPPB)为原料,对其E环进行氧化开环,得到含有2个游离羧基的化合物,并将其成盐得到水溶性化合物HPS,采用高效液相色谱法测定化合物的化学稳定性及溶解度,并进行了生物活性研究。结果:HPS稳定性好,水溶性高,并且具有较好的体内外抗肿瘤生物活性。结论:HPS是一种有发展前途的肿瘤光动力和声动力敏化剂,值得深入研究。

New technique: Flexible resonant tank for a combined converter to achieve an HPS and LED compatible driver

High pressure sodium （HPS） lamp has been widely used in street lighting applications because of its maturity, reliability, high lighting efficiency, long life-time, and low cost. Light emitting diode （LED） is expected as the next generation lighting source due to its continuously improving luminous efficacy, better color characteristic, and super long life-time. The two lighting sources may coexist in street lighting applications for a long time. A novel HPS and LED compatible driver is proposed which is rather suitable and flexible for driving HPS and LED in street lighting applications. The proposed driver combines the LLC and LCC resonant circuits into a flexible resonant tank. The flexible resonant tank may change to LLC or isolated LCC circuit according to the lighting source. It inherits the traditional HPS and LED drivers＇ zero voltage switching （ZVS） characteristics and dimmable function. The design of the proposed flexible resonant tank considers the requirements of both HPS and LED. The experiments of driving HPS and LED on a prototype driver show that the driver can drive the two lighting sources flexibly with high efficiency.

Evaluation and Enhanced Use of Light Emitting Diodes for Hydroponics

Hydroponic farming is a viable and economical farming method,which can produce safe and healthy greens and vegetables conveniently and at a relatively low cost.It is essential to provide supplemental lighting for crops grown in greenhouses to meet the daily light requirement,Daily Light Integral(DLI).The present paper investigates how effectively and efficiently LEDs can be used as a light source in hydroponics.It is important for a hydroponic grower to assess the requirement of photo synthetically active radiation(PAR)or the Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density(PPFD),in a greenhouse,and adjust the quality and quantity of supplemental lighting accordingly.A Quantum sensor(or PAR sensor)can measure PAR more accurately than a digital light meter,which measures the light intensity or illuminance in the SI unit Lux,but a PAR sensor is relatively expensive and normally not affordable by an ordinary farmer.Therefore,based on the present investigation and experimental results,a very simple way to convert light intensity measured with a Lux meter into PAR is proposed,using a simple conversion factor(41.75 according to the present work).This allows a small-scale hydroponic farmer to use a simple and inexpensive technique to assess the day to day DLI values of PAR in a greenhouse accurately using just an inexpensive light meter.The present paper also proposes a more efficient way of using LED light panels in a hydroponic system.By moving the LED light panels closer to the crop,LED light source can use a fewer number of LEDs to produce the same required daily light requirement and can increase the efficiency of the power usage to more than 80%.Specifically,the present work has determined that it is important to design more efficient vertically movable LED light panels with capabilities of switching individual LEDs on and off,for the use in greenhouses.This allows a user to control the number of LEDs that can be lit at a particular time,as required.By doing so it is possible to increase the efficiency of a LED lighting system by reducing its cost of the electricity usage.

岸桥照明采用LED光源的可行性研究

LED普通照明技术发展较快,LV-LED灯具突破了散热技术瓶颈,HV-LED芯片采用高电压低电流技术,降低了热量,提高了光效。采用LV-LED芯片的400WLED灯和HV-LED芯片的300WLED灯与在用岸桥所采用的1000W高压钠灯相比,在初投资、节能、环保方面,LED灯有优势。

荆花胃康胶丸联合泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊治疗Hp合并慢性胃炎的临床疗效

目的分析荆花胃康胶丸联合泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊治疗Hp合并慢性胃炎的临床疗效。方法选择医院2018年2月-2020年2月诊治的Hp合并慢性胃炎(气滞血瘀)患者114例,使用计算机随机数字法将所有患者分为两组,分别是对照组及观察组,每组57例。两组患者口服克拉霉素片,对照组患者在此基础上口泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊治疗。观察组口服荆花胃康胶丸联合泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、Hp清除率、中医证候积分、不良反应。结果观察组中痊愈、显效及总有效人数对于对照组。两组患者临床疗效差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组及观察组患者治疗后Hp根除率不一致。观察组患者治疗1周、2周、3周、4周Hp根除率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前胃脘痛、脘腹痞满、疲乏、纳呆、恶心呕吐、吐酸严重程度相似,评分差异比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后降低(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后胃脘痛、脘腹痞满、疲乏、纳呆、恶心呕吐、吐酸评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 Hp合并慢性胃炎患者口服荆花胃康胶丸联合泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊能提升治疗效果,减少不良反应,促使临床症状消失。

220V/250W恒功率高压钠灯电子镇流器的研究

根据高压钠灯的工作特性及电子镇流器的技术要求,研制成功基于L6574集成芯片的220V/250W恒功率高压钠灯高频电子镇流器。实验表明该电子镇流器工作稳定,无声谐振现象,输入电流谐波、灯电流波峰因数等均符合相关标准。本文分析了其高压点火电路,功率因数校正(PFC)电路,逆变及控制电路,此方案具有性能稳定、高功率因数、恒功率输出特性。

消化内科常规三联疗法加用L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗对幽门螺杆菌相关胃溃疡的幽门螺杆菌根除率的影响

目的探讨消化内科常规三联疗法加用L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)相关胃溃疡的Hp根除率的影响。方法选取丹东市中心医院2017年7月至2018年8月收治的Hp阳性胃溃疡患者120例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组(60例)与试验组(60例)。对照组选择消化内科常规三联疗法治疗,试验组则在对照组基础上加用L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗,比较两组患者的临床治疗效果。结果试验组治疗1周后的腹痛缓解率、腹胀缓解率、反酸缓解率、烧心缓解率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的溃疡愈合率、S2期获得率分别为96.67%、91.67%,均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的Hp根除率为90.0%,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组的溃疡复发率明显降低(P<0.05)。结论Hp相关胃溃疡患者在接受消化内科常规三联疗法治疗时,加用L-谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒治疗能对患者临床症状进行快速缓解,并使溃疡愈合质量和Hp根除率明显提高,降低溃疡复发率。

桉叶油羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物-原位凝胶复合系统的制备与评价

目的制备桉叶油羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物原位凝胶复合给药系统,提高桉叶油的水溶解度,同时达到滞留病灶部位且缓慢释放的效果。方法采用水溶液搅拌法制备桉叶油羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物,以海藻酸钠制备空白离子敏感型原位凝胶,将两者结合后对复合给药系统的体外溶蚀及体内滞留性进行评价。结果桉叶油羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物的含油率为(6.45±0.16)%,包合率(77.42±1.78)%。体外溶蚀实验表明,包合物原位凝胶复合系统的平均溶蚀率为(44.62±2.07)mg.cm 2.h 1。体外溶蚀实验结果表明,复合系统在24 h溶蚀完全;荧光活体成像系统检测体内滞留性实验结果表明,复合系统可在裸鼠肺部滞留12 h以上。结论桉叶油羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物原位凝胶复合系统可达到局部滞留并缓慢释放药物的目的。

Synthesis,characterization and properties of organically compounded bentonite by molecular intercalation process

A new process for manufacturing organically compounded bentonite was devcloped successfully based on the organic intercalation andlayered structure of bentonitc.The main steps in the proposed process included wet sodium activation of bentonite ore,organic com-pounding and high-pressure roll grinding.The optimum procedure is recommended as follows:5 mass%of sodium carbonate powderand 30 wt.%water are added to activate the bentonite ore for 24 h to prepare activated bentonice;0.5 wt.%of organic molecules are adiedinto the activated bentonite for organic compounding for 12 h:then,the high-pressure rollgrinding is followed to treat the organicallycompounded bentonice;:and finally,drying and fine prinding are performed for prenaring the final organically compounded bentoniteprodiuct with 10 wt.%moisture and 98% passing 0.074 mm.The obtained organically compounded bentonite was characterized usingan X-ray diffractometer,a scanning electron microscope and anX-ray photoelectron spectrometer.To confirm the effect of organicallycompounded bentonite on green balls,the pelletizing tests were carried out.The rexsults showed that high-pressure roll grinding can notonly enhance the ability of the crystal layer to hold the combined water.but also strengthen the intercalation compounding of the organicadditive,which is beneficial for the formation of a fiber-interlaced structure of the organically compounded bentonite and improvesthe quality index of the bentonite itself.Also,the organically compounded bentonite is helpiul to improve the indexes of green balls.

植物生长钠灯与镇流器的匹配特性

简述植物生长高压钠灯的工作特性及光谱特点,分析植物生长高压钠灯和镇流器的匹配性问题,介绍了时代公司植物生长高压钠灯的特点及优势。