Urban shrinkage has emerged as a widespread phenomenon globally and has a significant impact on land,particularly in terms of land use and price.This study focuses on 2851 county-level cities in China in 2005–2018(ex...Urban shrinkage has emerged as a widespread phenomenon globally and has a significant impact on land,particularly in terms of land use and price.This study focuses on 2851 county-level cities in China in 2005–2018(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan,and‘no data’areas in Qinhai-Tibet Plateau)as the fundamental units of analysis.By employing nighttime light(NTL)data to identify shrinking cities,the propensity score matching(PSM)model was used to quantitatively examine the impact of shrinking cities on land prices,and evaluate the magnitude of this influence.The findings demonstrate the following:1)there were 613 shrinking cities in China,with moderate shrinkage being the most prevalent and severe shrinkage being the least.2)Regional disparities are evident in the spatial distribution of shrinking cities,especially in areas with diverse terrain.3)The spatial pattern of land price exhibits a significant correlated to the economic and administrative levels.4)Shrinking cities significantly negatively impact on the overall land price(ATT=–0.1241,P<0.05).However,the extent of the effect varies significantly among different spatial regions.This study contributes novel insights into the investigation of land prices and shrinking cities,ultimately serving as a foundation for government efforts to promote the sustainable development of urban areas.展开更多
Lignin is the most abundant naturally phenolic biomass,and the synthesis of high-performance renewable fuel from lignin has attracted significant attention.We propose the efficient synthesis of high-density fuels usin...Lignin is the most abundant naturally phenolic biomass,and the synthesis of high-performance renewable fuel from lignin has attracted significant attention.We propose the efficient synthesis of high-density fuels using simulated lignin cracked oil in tandem with hydroalkylation and deoxygenation reactions.First,we investigated the reaction pathway for the hydroalkylation of phenol,which competes with the hydrodeoxygenation form cyclohexane.And then,we investigated the effects of metal catalyst types,the loading amount of metallic,acid dosage,and reactant ratio on the reaction results.The phenol hydroalkylation and hydrodeoxygenation were balanced when 180℃ and 5 MPa H_(2)with the alkanes yield of 95%.By extending the substrate to other lignin-derived phenolics and simulated lignin cracked oil,we obtained the polycyclic alkane fuel with high density of 0.918 g·ml^(-1)and calorific value of41.2 MJ·L^(-1).Besides,the fuel has good low-temperature properties(viscosity of 9.3 mm^(2)·s^(-1)at 20℃ and freezing point below-55℃),which is expected to be used as jet fuel.This work provides a promising way for the easy and green production of high-density fuel directly from real lignin oil.展开更多
Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,...Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,posing a major obstacle.Herein,we prepared the kinetically favorable Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O electrode in situ growth on carbon felt(Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF)through constraining the rate of OH^(−)generation in the hydrothermal method.Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF exhibited a high-density hierarchical nanosheet structure with three-dimensional open pores,benefitting the ion transport/electron transfer.And tuning the moderate amount of redox-inert Zn-doping can enhance surface electroactive sites,actual activity of redox-active Ni species,and lower adsorption energy,promoting the adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic of the Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF.Benefitting from the kinetic-thermodynamic facilitation mechanism,Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF achieved ultrahigh desalination capacity(128.9 mgNaCl g^(-1)),ultra-low energy consumption(0.164 kW h kgNaCl^(-1)),high salt removal rate(1.21 mgNaCl g^(-1) min^(-1)),and good cyclability.The thermodynamic facilitation and Na^(+)intercalation mechanism of Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF are identified by the density functional theory calculations and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring,respectively.This research provides new insights into controlling electrochemically favorable morphology and demonstrates that Zn-doping,which is redox-inert,is essential for enhancing the electrochemical performance of CDI electrodes.展开更多
Cultural symbols,a manifestation of cities’cultural resources,are not only signs that frame concepts but also forms that express meanings.Exploring the international communication of cities from the perspective of sy...Cultural symbols,a manifestation of cities’cultural resources,are not only signs that frame concepts but also forms that express meanings.Exploring the international communication of cities from the perspective of symbols,this paper analyzes in depth how cities create their cultural symbols in the dynamic process of international communication in an era of symbol-based digital media,and how they develop their narratives and explain meanings through the dissemination of symbols when telling their stories to international audiences,thus enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of their international communication efforts.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease(CHD)and heart failure(HF)are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Early and accurate diagnoses of CHD and HF are essential for optimal management and prognosis.Howeve...BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease(CHD)and heart failure(HF)are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Early and accurate diagnoses of CHD and HF are essential for optimal management and prognosis.However,conventional diagnostic methods such as electrocardiography,echocardiography,and cardiac biomarkers have certain limitations,such as low sensitivity,specificity,availability,and cost-effectiveness.Therefore,there is a need for simple,noninvasive,and reliable biomarkers to diagnose CHD and HF.AIM To investigate serum cystatin C(Cys-C),monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR),and uric acid(UA)diagnostic values for CHD and HF.METHODS We enrolled 80 patients with suspected CHD or HF who were admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and July 2023.The patients were divided into CHD(n=20),HF(n=20),CHD+HF(n=20),and control groups(n=20).The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were measured using immunonephelometry and an enzymatic method,respectively,and the diagnostic values for CHD and HF were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.RESULTS Serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD,HF,and CHD+HF groups than those in the control group.The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD+HF group than those in the CHD or HF group.The ROC curve analysis showed that serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA had good diagnostic performance for CHD and HF,with areas under the curve ranging from 0.78 to 0.93.The optimal cutoff values of serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA for diagnosing CHD,HF,and CHD+HF were 1.2 mg/L,0.9×10^(9),and 389μmol/L;1.4 mg/L,1.0×10^(9),and 449μmol/L;and 1.6 mg/L,1.1×10^(9),and 508μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA are useful biomarkers for diagnosing CHD and HF,and CHD+HF.These can provide information for decision-making and risk stratification in patients with CHD and HF.展开更多
Smart cities are a way for China to construct an innovative and environmentally conscious nation.The paper examines the impact of smart cities on corporate green governance and provides a theoretical foundation for fo...Smart cities are a way for China to construct an innovative and environmentally conscious nation.The paper examines the impact of smart cities on corporate green governance and provides a theoretical foundation for formulating and executing smart city policy in China.Based on panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2008 to 2020,this study constructs a multiperiod double-difference model to examine the influence of smart cities on corporate green governance.Additionally,it uses a spatial double-difference model to investigate the spatial spillover effect of smart cities on neighboring areas.The findings indicate that smart cities effectively enhance corporate green governance.Analyzing the influencing mechanisms reveals that resource allocation efficiency,technological innovation,management environmental awareness,and regional environmental enforcement efforts act as mediators.Furthermore,the study reveals that the impact of smart cities on promoting corporate green governance is more pronounced in regions with lower levels of marketization and resource-based cities.Moreover,the research explores the spatial spillover effects of smart cities,with an effective radius of approximately 350 km.The optimal spatial correlation zone for green governance of businesses in neighboring areas in relation to smart cities is within a range of 250-350 km.This is manifested by the significant promotion of green governance in neighboring area businesses facilitated by smart cities.展开更多
Few studies have investigated the spatial patterns of the air temperature urban heat island(AUHI)and its controlling factors.In this study,the data generated by an urban climate model were used to investigate the spat...Few studies have investigated the spatial patterns of the air temperature urban heat island(AUHI)and its controlling factors.In this study,the data generated by an urban climate model were used to investigate the spatial variations of the AUHI across China and the underlying climate and ecological drivers.A total of 355 urban clusters were used.We performed an attribution analysis of the AUHI to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its formation.The results show that the midday AUHI is negatively correlated with climate wetness(humid:0.34 K;semi-humid:0.50 K;semi-arid:0.73 K).The annual mean midnight AUHI does not show discernible spatial patterns,but is generally stronger than the midday AUHI.The urban–rural difference in convection efficiency is the largest contributor to the midday AUHI in the humid(0.32±0.09 K)and the semi-arid(0.36±0.11 K)climate zones.The release of anthropogenic heat from urban land is the dominant contributor to the midnight AUHI in all three climate zones.The rural vegetation density is the most important driver of the daytime and nighttime AUHI spatial variations.A spatial covariance analysis revealed that this vegetation influence is manifested mainly through its regulation of heat storage in rural land.展开更多
As part of its efforts to promote a sustainable and high-quality development,China has pledged to reduce water consumption and create a water-efficient society.On the basis of identifying the institutional root causes...As part of its efforts to promote a sustainable and high-quality development,China has pledged to reduce water consumption and create a water-efficient society.On the basis of identifying the institutional root causes of excessive capital allocation and excessive water consumption in China’s water-intensive industrial sectors,this study elaborates how the national water-efficient cities assessment contributes to optimized capital allocation.Our research shows that national water-efficient cities assessment has motivated local governments to compete for water efficiency.To conserve water,local governments regulated the entry and exit of water-intensive enterprises,discouraged excessive investments in water-intensive sectors,and phased out obsolete water-intensive capacities within their jurisdictions.This approach has resulted in mutually beneficial outcomes,including improved allocation of capital,enhanced water efficiency,and reduced emissions.This paper offers policy recommendations for establishing a water-efficient society throughout the 14^(th) Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)period by presenting empirical evidence on the policy effects of resource efficiency evaluation.展开更多
Promoting the coupling coordination development of port and its hinterland city environments is an important way to improve urban economic competitiveness.Based on relevant data of 13 coastal port cities in eastern Ch...Promoting the coupling coordination development of port and its hinterland city environments is an important way to improve urban economic competitiveness.Based on relevant data of 13 coastal port cities in eastern China from 2000 to 2018,this study explores the coupling coordination development of port and city environments and its impact on urban economic competitiveness by constructing the coupling coordination degree model and the panel threshold model.The research results show that:(1)In terms of the coupling coordination development of port and city environments,most coastal ports and their hinterland cities are in a state of moderate or serious disorder.Overall,the degree of coupling coordination of port and city environments needs to be further improved;(2)The coupling coordination degree of port and city environments has a significant impact on urban economic competitiveness,and this effect gradually increases with the development of the ports and the urban economy.Among the variables that impact the urban economic competitiveness,fixed assets investment and foreign trade are significant factors that can enhance urban economic competitiveness.(3)At present,there is a“U-shaped”relationship between the coupling coordination degree of port-city environments and the urban economic competitiveness.This relationship lies on the right side of the inflection point of the“U-shaped”curve.Therefore,following the concept of assigning priority to ecological development,expanding fixed assets investment and actively developing foreign trade can further enhance the urban economic competitiveness.展开更多
With the continuous promotion of the construction of child friendly cities,the school commuting space is an important component of the construction of child friendly roads.Based on the background of child friendly cit...With the continuous promotion of the construction of child friendly cities,the school commuting space is an important component of the construction of child friendly roads.Based on the background of child friendly cities,the commuting space of 11 primary and secondary schools in Bajiao Street is analyzed through literature analysis and field research methods.Firstly,the relevant literature on school commuting space is sorted out,and the characteristics of school commuting space are summarized,including transportation,landscape,culture,leisure,and security.Secondly,the characteristics of commuting space of primary and secondary schools in Bajiao Street are analyzed from three aspects:in front of the school gate,path space,and node space.This paper aims to provide reference and guidance for the future construction of children’s walking school commuting and promote the construction of a child friendly city.展开更多
Digital technology provides a method of quantitative investigation and data analysis for contemporary landscape spatial analysis,and related research is moving from image recognition to digital algorithmic analysis,pr...Digital technology provides a method of quantitative investigation and data analysis for contemporary landscape spatial analysis,and related research is moving from image recognition to digital algorithmic analysis,providing a more scientific and macroscopic way of research.The key to refinement design is to refine the spatial design process and the spatial improvement strategy system.Taking the ancient city of Zhaoyu in Qixian County,Shanxi Province as an example,(1)based on obtaining the integrated data of the ancient city through the drone tilt photography,the style and landscape of the ancient city are modeled;(2)the point cloud data with spatial information is imported into the point cloud analysis platform and the data analysis is carried out from the overall macroscopic style of the ancient city to the refinement level,which results in the formation of a more intuitive landscape design scheme,thus improving the precision and practicability of the landscape design;(3)Based on spatial big data,it starts from the spatial aggregation level,spatial distribution characteristics and other evaluation index system to achieve the refinement analysis of the site.Digital technology and methods are used throughout the process to explore the refined design path.展开更多
Synthesizing high-density fuel from lignocellulose can not only achieve green and low-carbon development,but also expand the feedstock source of hydrocarbon fuel.Here,we reported a route of producing high-density fuel...Synthesizing high-density fuel from lignocellulose can not only achieve green and low-carbon development,but also expand the feedstock source of hydrocarbon fuel.Here,we reported a route of producing high-density fuel from lignin oil and hemicellulose derivative cyclopentanol through alkylation and hydrodeoxygenation,HY with SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratio of 5.3 was screened as the alkylation catalyst in the reaction of model phenolic compounds and mixtures,and the reaction conditions were optimized to achieve conversion of phenolic compounds higher than 87%and selectivity of bicyclic and tricyclic products higher than 99%.Then two phenolic pools simulating the composition of two typic lignin oils were studied to validate the alkylation and analyze the competition mechanism of phenolic compounds in mixture system.Finally,real lignin oil from depolymerized of beech powder was tested,and notably80%of phenolic monomers in the oil were converted into fuel precursor.After hydrodeoxygenation,the alkylated product was converted to fuel blend with a density of 0.91 g/mL at 20℃and a freezing point lower than-60℃,very promising as high density fuel.This work provides a facile and energyefficient way of synthesizing high-performance jet fuel directly from lignocellulosic derivatives,which decreases processing energy consumption and improve the utilization rate of feedstock.展开更多
Grape berry shape is an important agricultural trait.Clarifying its genetic basis is significant for cultivating grape varieties that meet market demands.However,the current study by forward genetics has not achieved ...Grape berry shape is an important agricultural trait.Clarifying its genetic basis is significant for cultivating grape varieties that meet market demands.However,the current study by forward genetics has not achieved in-depth results.Here,a high-density map was constructed to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for berry shape.A total of 358709 polymorphic SNPs were obtained using whole-genome resequencing(WGS)based on 208 F2 individuals derived from round grape‘E42-6’and oblong grape‘Rizamat’.The 1635.65 cM high-density map was divided into 19 linkage groups with an average distance of 0.37 cM.Using this map,three significant QTLs for fruit shape index(ShI:ratio of berry length to berry width)identified over three years were mapped onto LG4 and LG5,including one stable QTL on Chr5 with the genomic region of 0.47–1.94 Mb.Combining with gene annotation and expression patterns based on RNA-seq data from two contrasting F2 individuals with round and oblong berry(their average ShI was 1.89 and 1.10,respectively)at four developmental stages,four candidate genes were selected from the above QTLs.They were mainly involved in DNA replication,cell wall modification,and phytohormone biosynthesis.Further analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that several important phytohormone synthesis and metabolic pathways were enriched based on differentially expressed genes(DEGs),which was consistent with the results of QTL mapping for genes related to plant hormone biosynthesis in the F2 population.Furthermore,a comparison of plant hormone content showed that there were significant differences in IAA and tZ content between the two contrasting F2 individuals at different developmental stages.Our findings provide molecular insights into the genetic variation in grape berry shape.Stable QTLs and their tightly linked markers offer the possibility of marker-assisted selection to accelerate berry shape breeding.展开更多
The increasing global population at a rapid pace makes road trafficdense;managing such massive traffic is challenging. In developing countrieslike Pakistan, road traffic accidents (RTA) have the highest mortality perc...The increasing global population at a rapid pace makes road trafficdense;managing such massive traffic is challenging. In developing countrieslike Pakistan, road traffic accidents (RTA) have the highest mortality percentageamong other Asian countries. The main reasons for RTAs are roadcracks and potholes. Understanding the need for an automated system forthe detection of cracks and potholes, this study proposes a decision supportsystem (DSS) for an autonomous road information system for smart citydevelopment with the use of deep learning. The proposed DSS works in layerswhere initially the image of roads is captured and coordinates attached to theimage with the help of global positioning system (GPS), communicated tothe decision layer to find about the cracks and potholes in the roads, andeventually, that information is passed to the road management informationsystem, which gives information to drivers and the maintenance department.For the decision layer, we projected a CNN-based model for pothole crackdetection (PCD). Aimed at training, a K-fold cross-validation strategy wasused where the value of K was set to 10. The training of PCD was completedwith a self-collected dataset consisting of 6000 images from Pakistani roads.The proposed PCD achieved 98% of precision, 97% recall, and accuracy whiletesting on unseen images. The results produced by our model are higher thanthe existing model in terms of performance and computational cost, whichproves its significance.展开更多
The development of urban underground space is a critical way to alleviate the lack of urban resources,and improve environmental conditions as well as residents'quality of life,which has important practical signifi...The development of urban underground space is a critical way to alleviate the lack of urban resources,and improve environmental conditions as well as residents'quality of life,which has important practical significance.As the most densely populated and economically developed areas,coastal cities face many challenges in underground space development owing to their unique environmental geological conditions.This study examined the current situation of underground space development,academic research,technology application,evaluation methods,planning,and legislation in coastal cities in China.On this basis,it analyzed the future development trends,and presented reasonable suggestions for the critical scientific and technical problems faced by the development of underground space in coastal cities.The key suggestions are as follows:it is necessary to define and clarify the critical geological issues,distributions,and hazards that affect underground space development and major engineering construction in coastal cities;the land-sea integrated detection technology for sea crossing bridges and submarine tunnels needs to be studied;in evaluating the suitability of underground space in coastal cities,the land and sea area evaluation factors should be integrated;and the evaluation system of landsea integration needs to be established.展开更多
During subway operation,various factors will cause long-term land subsidence,such as the vibration subsidence of foundation soil caused by train vibration load,incomplete consolidation deformation of foundation soil d...During subway operation,various factors will cause long-term land subsidence,such as the vibration subsidence of foundation soil caused by train vibration load,incomplete consolidation deformation of foundation soil during tunnel construction,dense buildings and structures in the vicinity of the tunnel,and changes in water level in the stratum where the tunnel is located.The monitoring of long-term land subsidence during subway operation in high-density urban areas differs from that in low-density urban construction areas.The former is the gathering point of the entire urban population.There are many complex buildings around the project,busy road traffic,high pedestrian flow,and less vegetation cover.Several existing items requiremonitoring.However,monitoring distance is long,and providing early warning is difficult.This study uses the 2.8 km operation line between Wulin Square station and Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 as an example to propose the integrated method of DInSAR-GPS-GIS technology and the key algorithm for long-term land subsidence deformation.Then,it selects multiscene image data to analyze long-termland subsidence of high-density urban areas during subway operation.Results show that long-term land subsidence caused by the operation of Wulin Square station to Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 is small,with maximumsubsidence of 30.64 mm,and minimumsubsidence of 11.45 mm,and average subsidence ranging from 19.27 to 21.33 mm.And FLAC3D software was used to verify the monitoring situation,using the geological conditions of the soil in the study area and the tunnel profile to simulate the settlement under vehicle load,and the simulation results tended to be consistent with the monitoring situation.展开更多
Wireless nodes are one of the main components in different applications that are offered in a smart city.These wireless nodes are responsible to execute multiple tasks with different priority levels.As the wireless no...Wireless nodes are one of the main components in different applications that are offered in a smart city.These wireless nodes are responsible to execute multiple tasks with different priority levels.As the wireless nodes have limited processing capacity,they offload their tasks to cloud servers if the number of tasks exceeds their task processing capacity.Executing these tasks from remotely placed cloud servers causes a significant delay which is not required in sensitive task applications.This execution delay is reduced by placing fog computing nodes near these application nodes.A fog node has limited processing capacity and is sometimes unable to execute all the requested tasks.In this work,an optimal task offloading scheme that comprises two algorithms is proposed for the fog nodes to optimally execute the time-sensitive offloaded tasks.The first algorithm describes the task processing criteria for local computation of tasks at the fog nodes and remote computation at the cloud server.The second algorithm allows fog nodes to optimally scrutinize the most sensitive tasks within their task capacity.The results show that the proposed task execution scheme significantly reduces the execution time and most of the time-sensitive tasks are executed.展开更多
This scientific approach mainly aims to develop a smart city/smart community concept to objectively evaluate the progress of these organizational forms in relation to other classical/traditional forms of city organiza...This scientific approach mainly aims to develop a smart city/smart community concept to objectively evaluate the progress of these organizational forms in relation to other classical/traditional forms of city organizations.The elaborated model allowed the construction of the dashboard of access actions in the smart city/smart community category on two levels of financial effort correlated with the effect on the sustainable development of smart cities.The validity of the proposed model and our approach was supported by the complex statistical analysis performed in this study.The research concluded that low-cost solutions are the most effective in supporting smart urban development.They should be followed by the other category of solutions,which implies more significant financial and managerial efforts as well as a higher rate of welfare growth for urban citizens.The main outcomes of this research include modelling solutions related to smart city development at a low-cost level and identifying the sensitivity elements that maximize the growth function.The implications of this research are to provide viable alternatives based on smart city development opportunities with medium and long-term effects on urban communities,economic sustainability,and translation into urban development rates.This study’s results are useful for all administrations ready for change that want the rapid implementation of the measures with beneficial effects on the community or which,through a strategic vision,aim to connect to the European objectives of sustainable growth and social welfare for citizens.Practically,this study is a tool for defining and implementing smart public policies at the urban level.展开更多
BACKGROUND Left atrial flutter without prior cardiac interventions is uncommon,especially dual-loop macro-reentry atrial flutter.The critical step to ablate dual-loop macroreentry atrial flutter is to identify the dom...BACKGROUND Left atrial flutter without prior cardiac interventions is uncommon,especially dual-loop macro-reentry atrial flutter.The critical step to ablate dual-loop macroreentry atrial flutter is to identify the dominant loop and key isthmus.Although entrainment mapping could help identify the dominant loop and key isthmus,it may alter or terminate tachycardia.High-density mapping allows the generation of electroanatomic maps without altering or terminating tachycardia.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report a case of symptomatic left atrial flutter without prior intervention.In this case,high-density mapping revealed a dual-loop macro-reentry around the mitral annulus and central scar of the anterior wall.The propagation result showed that the dominant loop was around the mitral annulus,and the key isthmus was between the central scar and mitral annulus.The atrial flutter terminated successfully after ablation was performed.CONCLUSION In this case,we demonstrate that high-density mapping technology may help identify the dominant loop of dual-loop atrial flutter without entrainment,which makes ablation easier.展开更多
Introduction: The Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) for the past many years has been reported to have many cities with highly polluted air quality. The state has been taking meticulous steps in combating air pollutio...Introduction: The Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) for the past many years has been reported to have many cities with highly polluted air quality. The state has been taking meticulous steps in combating air pollution in the form of action plans, introduced especially in its 17 non-attainment cities (NAC). To assess the progress and development of these action plans in UP, the present study has done an in-depth analysis and review of the state’s action plans and city micro action plans. Materials and Methods: In this research study, the analysis of the latest action plan reports, micro action plan reports as well as the recommendations for combating air pollution-related issues in the 17 NAC of the UP state has been well documented. Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) has prepared these reports to highlight the progress of the plans in response to the growing air pollution in these cities. The information present in the reports has been used to further study sector-specific, category-specific action plans, institutional responsibility, and the present status of the action plans. Results: On average, the highest weightage in action plans was given to sector-specific categories such as Road dust and construction activities (24%). It was also observed that Urban local bodies (~50%) were majorly responsible to implement the action points and 56% of the action points were jointly implemented by multiple agencies.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42071222,41771194)。
文摘Urban shrinkage has emerged as a widespread phenomenon globally and has a significant impact on land,particularly in terms of land use and price.This study focuses on 2851 county-level cities in China in 2005–2018(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan,and‘no data’areas in Qinhai-Tibet Plateau)as the fundamental units of analysis.By employing nighttime light(NTL)data to identify shrinking cities,the propensity score matching(PSM)model was used to quantitatively examine the impact of shrinking cities on land prices,and evaluate the magnitude of this influence.The findings demonstrate the following:1)there were 613 shrinking cities in China,with moderate shrinkage being the most prevalent and severe shrinkage being the least.2)Regional disparities are evident in the spatial distribution of shrinking cities,especially in areas with diverse terrain.3)The spatial pattern of land price exhibits a significant correlated to the economic and administrative levels.4)Shrinking cities significantly negatively impact on the overall land price(ATT=–0.1241,P<0.05).However,the extent of the effect varies significantly among different spatial regions.This study contributes novel insights into the investigation of land prices and shrinking cities,ultimately serving as a foundation for government efforts to promote the sustainable development of urban areas.
基金the support from National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2104400)the Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(21JCQNJC00340)the Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations for financial support。
文摘Lignin is the most abundant naturally phenolic biomass,and the synthesis of high-performance renewable fuel from lignin has attracted significant attention.We propose the efficient synthesis of high-density fuels using simulated lignin cracked oil in tandem with hydroalkylation and deoxygenation reactions.First,we investigated the reaction pathway for the hydroalkylation of phenol,which competes with the hydrodeoxygenation form cyclohexane.And then,we investigated the effects of metal catalyst types,the loading amount of metallic,acid dosage,and reactant ratio on the reaction results.The phenol hydroalkylation and hydrodeoxygenation were balanced when 180℃ and 5 MPa H_(2)with the alkanes yield of 95%.By extending the substrate to other lignin-derived phenolics and simulated lignin cracked oil,we obtained the polycyclic alkane fuel with high density of 0.918 g·ml^(-1)and calorific value of41.2 MJ·L^(-1).Besides,the fuel has good low-temperature properties(viscosity of 9.3 mm^(2)·s^(-1)at 20℃ and freezing point below-55℃),which is expected to be used as jet fuel.This work provides a promising way for the easy and green production of high-density fuel directly from real lignin oil.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(22276137,52170087)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XJEDU2023Z009).
文摘Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,posing a major obstacle.Herein,we prepared the kinetically favorable Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O electrode in situ growth on carbon felt(Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF)through constraining the rate of OH^(−)generation in the hydrothermal method.Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF exhibited a high-density hierarchical nanosheet structure with three-dimensional open pores,benefitting the ion transport/electron transfer.And tuning the moderate amount of redox-inert Zn-doping can enhance surface electroactive sites,actual activity of redox-active Ni species,and lower adsorption energy,promoting the adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic of the Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF.Benefitting from the kinetic-thermodynamic facilitation mechanism,Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF achieved ultrahigh desalination capacity(128.9 mgNaCl g^(-1)),ultra-low energy consumption(0.164 kW h kgNaCl^(-1)),high salt removal rate(1.21 mgNaCl g^(-1) min^(-1)),and good cyclability.The thermodynamic facilitation and Na^(+)intercalation mechanism of Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF are identified by the density functional theory calculations and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring,respectively.This research provides new insights into controlling electrochemically favorable morphology and demonstrates that Zn-doping,which is redox-inert,is essential for enhancing the electrochemical performance of CDI electrodes.
文摘Cultural symbols,a manifestation of cities’cultural resources,are not only signs that frame concepts but also forms that express meanings.Exploring the international communication of cities from the perspective of symbols,this paper analyzes in depth how cities create their cultural symbols in the dynamic process of international communication in an era of symbol-based digital media,and how they develop their narratives and explain meanings through the dissemination of symbols when telling their stories to international audiences,thus enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of their international communication efforts.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease(CHD)and heart failure(HF)are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Early and accurate diagnoses of CHD and HF are essential for optimal management and prognosis.However,conventional diagnostic methods such as electrocardiography,echocardiography,and cardiac biomarkers have certain limitations,such as low sensitivity,specificity,availability,and cost-effectiveness.Therefore,there is a need for simple,noninvasive,and reliable biomarkers to diagnose CHD and HF.AIM To investigate serum cystatin C(Cys-C),monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR),and uric acid(UA)diagnostic values for CHD and HF.METHODS We enrolled 80 patients with suspected CHD or HF who were admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and July 2023.The patients were divided into CHD(n=20),HF(n=20),CHD+HF(n=20),and control groups(n=20).The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were measured using immunonephelometry and an enzymatic method,respectively,and the diagnostic values for CHD and HF were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.RESULTS Serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD,HF,and CHD+HF groups than those in the control group.The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD+HF group than those in the CHD or HF group.The ROC curve analysis showed that serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA had good diagnostic performance for CHD and HF,with areas under the curve ranging from 0.78 to 0.93.The optimal cutoff values of serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA for diagnosing CHD,HF,and CHD+HF were 1.2 mg/L,0.9×10^(9),and 389μmol/L;1.4 mg/L,1.0×10^(9),and 449μmol/L;and 1.6 mg/L,1.1×10^(9),and 508μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA are useful biomarkers for diagnosing CHD and HF,and CHD+HF.These can provide information for decision-making and risk stratification in patients with CHD and HF.
基金Supported National Social Science Foundation of China[Grant No.18BGL085]Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province[Grant No.KYCX23_0832].
文摘Smart cities are a way for China to construct an innovative and environmentally conscious nation.The paper examines the impact of smart cities on corporate green governance and provides a theoretical foundation for formulating and executing smart city policy in China.Based on panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2008 to 2020,this study constructs a multiperiod double-difference model to examine the influence of smart cities on corporate green governance.Additionally,it uses a spatial double-difference model to investigate the spatial spillover effect of smart cities on neighboring areas.The findings indicate that smart cities effectively enhance corporate green governance.Analyzing the influencing mechanisms reveals that resource allocation efficiency,technological innovation,management environmental awareness,and regional environmental enforcement efforts act as mediators.Furthermore,the study reveals that the impact of smart cities on promoting corporate green governance is more pronounced in regions with lower levels of marketization and resource-based cities.Moreover,the research explores the spatial spillover effects of smart cities,with an effective radius of approximately 350 km.The optimal spatial correlation zone for green governance of businesses in neighboring areas in relation to smart cities is within a range of 250-350 km.This is manifested by the significant promotion of green governance in neighboring area businesses facilitated by smart cities.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2019YFA0607202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42021004 and 42005143)+2 种基金support by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. KYCX21_0978)support by the Open Research Fund Program of the Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration (Grant No. LUM-2023-12)the 333 Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BRA2022023)
文摘Few studies have investigated the spatial patterns of the air temperature urban heat island(AUHI)and its controlling factors.In this study,the data generated by an urban climate model were used to investigate the spatial variations of the AUHI across China and the underlying climate and ecological drivers.A total of 355 urban clusters were used.We performed an attribution analysis of the AUHI to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its formation.The results show that the midday AUHI is negatively correlated with climate wetness(humid:0.34 K;semi-humid:0.50 K;semi-arid:0.73 K).The annual mean midnight AUHI does not show discernible spatial patterns,but is generally stronger than the midday AUHI.The urban–rural difference in convection efficiency is the largest contributor to the midday AUHI in the humid(0.32±0.09 K)and the semi-arid(0.36±0.11 K)climate zones.The release of anthropogenic heat from urban land is the dominant contributor to the midnight AUHI in all three climate zones.The rural vegetation density is the most important driver of the daytime and nighttime AUHI spatial variations.A spatial covariance analysis revealed that this vegetation influence is manifested mainly through its regulation of heat storage in rural land.
基金Sponsorship of the Outstanding Youth Innovation Team Development Program for Institutes of Higher Learning in Shandong Province(2021RW008)the Youth Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021QG048).
文摘As part of its efforts to promote a sustainable and high-quality development,China has pledged to reduce water consumption and create a water-efficient society.On the basis of identifying the institutional root causes of excessive capital allocation and excessive water consumption in China’s water-intensive industrial sectors,this study elaborates how the national water-efficient cities assessment contributes to optimized capital allocation.Our research shows that national water-efficient cities assessment has motivated local governments to compete for water efficiency.To conserve water,local governments regulated the entry and exit of water-intensive enterprises,discouraged excessive investments in water-intensive sectors,and phased out obsolete water-intensive capacities within their jurisdictions.This approach has resulted in mutually beneficial outcomes,including improved allocation of capital,enhanced water efficiency,and reduced emissions.This paper offers policy recommendations for establishing a water-efficient society throughout the 14^(th) Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)period by presenting empirical evidence on the policy effects of resource efficiency evaluation.
基金This research is supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2021JJ30304)the General Topics of Hunan Social Science Achievement Evaluation Committee of China(Grant No.XSP22YBC366)the Key Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education of China(Grant No.21B0592).
文摘Promoting the coupling coordination development of port and its hinterland city environments is an important way to improve urban economic competitiveness.Based on relevant data of 13 coastal port cities in eastern China from 2000 to 2018,this study explores the coupling coordination development of port and city environments and its impact on urban economic competitiveness by constructing the coupling coordination degree model and the panel threshold model.The research results show that:(1)In terms of the coupling coordination development of port and city environments,most coastal ports and their hinterland cities are in a state of moderate or serious disorder.Overall,the degree of coupling coordination of port and city environments needs to be further improved;(2)The coupling coordination degree of port and city environments has a significant impact on urban economic competitiveness,and this effect gradually increases with the development of the ports and the urban economy.Among the variables that impact the urban economic competitiveness,fixed assets investment and foreign trade are significant factors that can enhance urban economic competitiveness.(3)At present,there is a“U-shaped”relationship between the coupling coordination degree of port-city environments and the urban economic competitiveness.This relationship lies on the right side of the inflection point of the“U-shaped”curve.Therefore,following the concept of assigning priority to ecological development,expanding fixed assets investment and actively developing foreign trade can further enhance the urban economic competitiveness.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51708004)Beijing Youth Teaching Elite Team Construction Project(108051360023XN261)North China University of Technology Yuyou Talent Training Program(215051360020XN160/009).
文摘With the continuous promotion of the construction of child friendly cities,the school commuting space is an important component of the construction of child friendly roads.Based on the background of child friendly cities,the commuting space of 11 primary and secondary schools in Bajiao Street is analyzed through literature analysis and field research methods.Firstly,the relevant literature on school commuting space is sorted out,and the characteristics of school commuting space are summarized,including transportation,landscape,culture,leisure,and security.Secondly,the characteristics of commuting space of primary and secondary schools in Bajiao Street are analyzed from three aspects:in front of the school gate,path space,and node space.This paper aims to provide reference and guidance for the future construction of children’s walking school commuting and promote the construction of a child friendly city.
文摘Digital technology provides a method of quantitative investigation and data analysis for contemporary landscape spatial analysis,and related research is moving from image recognition to digital algorithmic analysis,providing a more scientific and macroscopic way of research.The key to refinement design is to refine the spatial design process and the spatial improvement strategy system.Taking the ancient city of Zhaoyu in Qixian County,Shanxi Province as an example,(1)based on obtaining the integrated data of the ancient city through the drone tilt photography,the style and landscape of the ancient city are modeled;(2)the point cloud data with spatial information is imported into the point cloud analysis platform and the data analysis is carried out from the overall macroscopic style of the ancient city to the refinement level,which results in the formation of a more intuitive landscape design scheme,thus improving the precision and practicability of the landscape design;(3)Based on spatial big data,it starts from the spatial aggregation level,spatial distribution characteristics and other evaluation index system to achieve the refinement analysis of the site.Digital technology and methods are used throughout the process to explore the refined design path.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFC2104400)the Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(21JCQNJC00340)the Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations。
文摘Synthesizing high-density fuel from lignocellulose can not only achieve green and low-carbon development,but also expand the feedstock source of hydrocarbon fuel.Here,we reported a route of producing high-density fuel from lignin oil and hemicellulose derivative cyclopentanol through alkylation and hydrodeoxygenation,HY with SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratio of 5.3 was screened as the alkylation catalyst in the reaction of model phenolic compounds and mixtures,and the reaction conditions were optimized to achieve conversion of phenolic compounds higher than 87%and selectivity of bicyclic and tricyclic products higher than 99%.Then two phenolic pools simulating the composition of two typic lignin oils were studied to validate the alkylation and analyze the competition mechanism of phenolic compounds in mixture system.Finally,real lignin oil from depolymerized of beech powder was tested,and notably80%of phenolic monomers in the oil were converted into fuel precursor.After hydrodeoxygenation,the alkylated product was converted to fuel blend with a density of 0.91 g/mL at 20℃and a freezing point lower than-60℃,very promising as high density fuel.This work provides a facile and energyefficient way of synthesizing high-performance jet fuel directly from lignocellulosic derivatives,which decreases processing energy consumption and improve the utilization rate of feedstock.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFD1001401)Project of Construction of Grape Germplasm Resources Sharing Platform(Grant No.PT2029)+2 种基金Zhengzhou Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects(Grant No.2020CXZX0082)National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction Special Project(Grant No.CARS-29-yc-1)Special Project of Science,Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-2019-ZFRI).
文摘Grape berry shape is an important agricultural trait.Clarifying its genetic basis is significant for cultivating grape varieties that meet market demands.However,the current study by forward genetics has not achieved in-depth results.Here,a high-density map was constructed to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for berry shape.A total of 358709 polymorphic SNPs were obtained using whole-genome resequencing(WGS)based on 208 F2 individuals derived from round grape‘E42-6’and oblong grape‘Rizamat’.The 1635.65 cM high-density map was divided into 19 linkage groups with an average distance of 0.37 cM.Using this map,three significant QTLs for fruit shape index(ShI:ratio of berry length to berry width)identified over three years were mapped onto LG4 and LG5,including one stable QTL on Chr5 with the genomic region of 0.47–1.94 Mb.Combining with gene annotation and expression patterns based on RNA-seq data from two contrasting F2 individuals with round and oblong berry(their average ShI was 1.89 and 1.10,respectively)at four developmental stages,four candidate genes were selected from the above QTLs.They were mainly involved in DNA replication,cell wall modification,and phytohormone biosynthesis.Further analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that several important phytohormone synthesis and metabolic pathways were enriched based on differentially expressed genes(DEGs),which was consistent with the results of QTL mapping for genes related to plant hormone biosynthesis in the F2 population.Furthermore,a comparison of plant hormone content showed that there were significant differences in IAA and tZ content between the two contrasting F2 individuals at different developmental stages.Our findings provide molecular insights into the genetic variation in grape berry shape.Stable QTLs and their tightly linked markers offer the possibility of marker-assisted selection to accelerate berry shape breeding.
基金Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Leader Project,Grant/Award Number:2021RC4025National Natural ScienceFoundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51808209Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,Grant/Award Number:QL20210106.
文摘The increasing global population at a rapid pace makes road trafficdense;managing such massive traffic is challenging. In developing countrieslike Pakistan, road traffic accidents (RTA) have the highest mortality percentageamong other Asian countries. The main reasons for RTAs are roadcracks and potholes. Understanding the need for an automated system forthe detection of cracks and potholes, this study proposes a decision supportsystem (DSS) for an autonomous road information system for smart citydevelopment with the use of deep learning. The proposed DSS works in layerswhere initially the image of roads is captured and coordinates attached to theimage with the help of global positioning system (GPS), communicated tothe decision layer to find about the cracks and potholes in the roads, andeventually, that information is passed to the road management informationsystem, which gives information to drivers and the maintenance department.For the decision layer, we projected a CNN-based model for pothole crackdetection (PCD). Aimed at training, a K-fold cross-validation strategy wasused where the value of K was set to 10. The training of PCD was completedwith a self-collected dataset consisting of 6000 images from Pakistani roads.The proposed PCD achieved 98% of precision, 97% recall, and accuracy whiletesting on unseen images. The results produced by our model are higher thanthe existing model in terms of performance and computational cost, whichproves its significance.
基金Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space,Ministry of Natural Resources,Grant/Award Number:BHKF2021Z11Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology&Mineral Resources,Grant/Award Number:KY202223。
文摘The development of urban underground space is a critical way to alleviate the lack of urban resources,and improve environmental conditions as well as residents'quality of life,which has important practical significance.As the most densely populated and economically developed areas,coastal cities face many challenges in underground space development owing to their unique environmental geological conditions.This study examined the current situation of underground space development,academic research,technology application,evaluation methods,planning,and legislation in coastal cities in China.On this basis,it analyzed the future development trends,and presented reasonable suggestions for the critical scientific and technical problems faced by the development of underground space in coastal cities.The key suggestions are as follows:it is necessary to define and clarify the critical geological issues,distributions,and hazards that affect underground space development and major engineering construction in coastal cities;the land-sea integrated detection technology for sea crossing bridges and submarine tunnels needs to be studied;in evaluating the suitability of underground space in coastal cities,the land and sea area evaluation factors should be integrated;and the evaluation system of landsea integration needs to be established.
基金financial supports for this research project by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41602308,41967037)supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LY20E080005+1 种基金funded by National Key Research and Development Projects of China(No.2019YFC507502)Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project(No.RZ2100000161).
文摘During subway operation,various factors will cause long-term land subsidence,such as the vibration subsidence of foundation soil caused by train vibration load,incomplete consolidation deformation of foundation soil during tunnel construction,dense buildings and structures in the vicinity of the tunnel,and changes in water level in the stratum where the tunnel is located.The monitoring of long-term land subsidence during subway operation in high-density urban areas differs from that in low-density urban construction areas.The former is the gathering point of the entire urban population.There are many complex buildings around the project,busy road traffic,high pedestrian flow,and less vegetation cover.Several existing items requiremonitoring.However,monitoring distance is long,and providing early warning is difficult.This study uses the 2.8 km operation line between Wulin Square station and Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 as an example to propose the integrated method of DInSAR-GPS-GIS technology and the key algorithm for long-term land subsidence deformation.Then,it selects multiscene image data to analyze long-termland subsidence of high-density urban areas during subway operation.Results show that long-term land subsidence caused by the operation of Wulin Square station to Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 is small,with maximumsubsidence of 30.64 mm,and minimumsubsidence of 11.45 mm,and average subsidence ranging from 19.27 to 21.33 mm.And FLAC3D software was used to verify the monitoring situation,using the geological conditions of the soil in the study area and the tunnel profile to simulate the settlement under vehicle load,and the simulation results tended to be consistent with the monitoring situation.
基金The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University for funding this work through Research Group no.RG-21-07-06.
文摘Wireless nodes are one of the main components in different applications that are offered in a smart city.These wireless nodes are responsible to execute multiple tasks with different priority levels.As the wireless nodes have limited processing capacity,they offload their tasks to cloud servers if the number of tasks exceeds their task processing capacity.Executing these tasks from remotely placed cloud servers causes a significant delay which is not required in sensitive task applications.This execution delay is reduced by placing fog computing nodes near these application nodes.A fog node has limited processing capacity and is sometimes unable to execute all the requested tasks.In this work,an optimal task offloading scheme that comprises two algorithms is proposed for the fog nodes to optimally execute the time-sensitive offloaded tasks.The first algorithm describes the task processing criteria for local computation of tasks at the fog nodes and remote computation at the cloud server.The second algorithm allows fog nodes to optimally scrutinize the most sensitive tasks within their task capacity.The results show that the proposed task execution scheme significantly reduces the execution time and most of the time-sensitive tasks are executed.
文摘This scientific approach mainly aims to develop a smart city/smart community concept to objectively evaluate the progress of these organizational forms in relation to other classical/traditional forms of city organizations.The elaborated model allowed the construction of the dashboard of access actions in the smart city/smart community category on two levels of financial effort correlated with the effect on the sustainable development of smart cities.The validity of the proposed model and our approach was supported by the complex statistical analysis performed in this study.The research concluded that low-cost solutions are the most effective in supporting smart urban development.They should be followed by the other category of solutions,which implies more significant financial and managerial efforts as well as a higher rate of welfare growth for urban citizens.The main outcomes of this research include modelling solutions related to smart city development at a low-cost level and identifying the sensitivity elements that maximize the growth function.The implications of this research are to provide viable alternatives based on smart city development opportunities with medium and long-term effects on urban communities,economic sustainability,and translation into urban development rates.This study’s results are useful for all administrations ready for change that want the rapid implementation of the measures with beneficial effects on the community or which,through a strategic vision,aim to connect to the European objectives of sustainable growth and social welfare for citizens.Practically,this study is a tool for defining and implementing smart public policies at the urban level.
基金the National Science Foundation of China,No.81800292.
文摘BACKGROUND Left atrial flutter without prior cardiac interventions is uncommon,especially dual-loop macro-reentry atrial flutter.The critical step to ablate dual-loop macroreentry atrial flutter is to identify the dominant loop and key isthmus.Although entrainment mapping could help identify the dominant loop and key isthmus,it may alter or terminate tachycardia.High-density mapping allows the generation of electroanatomic maps without altering or terminating tachycardia.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report a case of symptomatic left atrial flutter without prior intervention.In this case,high-density mapping revealed a dual-loop macro-reentry around the mitral annulus and central scar of the anterior wall.The propagation result showed that the dominant loop was around the mitral annulus,and the key isthmus was between the central scar and mitral annulus.The atrial flutter terminated successfully after ablation was performed.CONCLUSION In this case,we demonstrate that high-density mapping technology may help identify the dominant loop of dual-loop atrial flutter without entrainment,which makes ablation easier.
文摘Introduction: The Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) for the past many years has been reported to have many cities with highly polluted air quality. The state has been taking meticulous steps in combating air pollution in the form of action plans, introduced especially in its 17 non-attainment cities (NAC). To assess the progress and development of these action plans in UP, the present study has done an in-depth analysis and review of the state’s action plans and city micro action plans. Materials and Methods: In this research study, the analysis of the latest action plan reports, micro action plan reports as well as the recommendations for combating air pollution-related issues in the 17 NAC of the UP state has been well documented. Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) has prepared these reports to highlight the progress of the plans in response to the growing air pollution in these cities. The information present in the reports has been used to further study sector-specific, category-specific action plans, institutional responsibility, and the present status of the action plans. Results: On average, the highest weightage in action plans was given to sector-specific categories such as Road dust and construction activities (24%). It was also observed that Urban local bodies (~50%) were majorly responsible to implement the action points and 56% of the action points were jointly implemented by multiple agencies.