Effects of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium on acute coronary syndrome patients receiving reperfusion therapy:a meta-analysis

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulinpotassium(GIK) therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS) patients receiving reperfusion therapy.METHODS:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion therapy.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately included.Compared with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio [RR] 0.57,95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03) and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95% CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04) and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference [MD] 2.12,95% CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02) at 6 months.However,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 year.Additionally,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95% CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95% CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009) and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95% CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02) but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary reperfusion.In terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) or catalase(CAT) activity.CONCLUSION:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering eflcacy in response to high-dose GIK.Moreover,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and hypoglycemia.Furthermore,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose GIK.More trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.

High-dose vs low-dose proton pump inhibitors for upper gastrointestinal bleeding:A meta-analysis

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of high-dose proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)vs low-dose PPIs for patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.METHODS:PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Eligible trials were RCTs that compared high-dose PPI with low-dose PPI following endoscopic hemostasis.The primary endpoint was rebleeding;secondary endpoints were patient numbers that needed surgery,and mortality.The meta-analysis was performed with a fixed effects model or random effects model.RESULTS:Nine eligible RCTs including 1342 patients were retrieved.The results showed that high-dose intravenous PPI was not superior to low-dose intra-venous PPI in reducing rebleeding[odds ratio(OR)= 1.091,95%confidential interval(CI):0.777-1.532],need for surgery(OR=1.522,95%CI:0.643-3.605) and mortality(OR=1.022,95%CI:0.476-2.196).Subgroup analysis according to different region revealed no difference in rebleeding rate between Asian patients(OR=0.831,95%CI,0.467-1.480)and European patients(OR=1.263,95%CI:0.827-1.929).CONCLUSION:Low-dose intravenous PPI can achieve the same efficacy as high-dose PPI following endoscopic hemostasis.

Predictors of post-treatment stenosis in cervical esophageal cancer undergoing high-dose radiotherapy

AIM To evaluate toxicity and treatment outcome of highdose radiotherapy(RT) for cervical esophageal cancer(CEC).METHODS We reviewed a total of 62 consecutive patients who received definitive RT for stage Ⅰ to Ⅲ cervical esophageal cancer between 2001 and 2015. Patients who received < 45 Gy, treated for lesions below sternal notch, treated with palliative aim, treated with subsequent surgical resection, or diagnosed with synchronous hypopharyngeal cancer were excluded. Treatment failures were divided into local(occurring within the RT field), outfield-esophageal, and regional [occurring in regional lymph node(s)] failures. Factors predictive of esophageal stenosis requiring endoscopic dilation were analyzed.RESULTS Grade 1, 2, and 3 esophagitis occurred in 19(30.6%), 39(62.9%), and 4 patients(6.5%), respectively, without grade ≥ 4 toxicities. Sixteen patients(25.8%) developed post-RT stenosis, of which 7 cases(43.8%) were malignant. Four patients(6.5%) developed tracheoesophageal fistula(TEF), of which 3(75%) cases were malignant. Factors significantly correlated with post-RT stenosis were stage T3/4(P = 0.001), complete circumference involvement(P < 0.0001), stenosis at diagnosis(P = 0.024), and endoscopic complete response(P = 0.017) in univariate analysis, while complete circumference involvement was significant in multivariate analysis(P = 0.003). A higher dose(≥ 60 Gy) was not associated with occurrence of postRT stenosis or TEF. With a median follow-up of 24.3(range, 3.4-152) mo, the 2 y local control, outfield esophageal control, progression-free survival, and overall survival(OS) rates were 78.9%, 90.2%, 49.6%, and 57.3%, respectively. Factors significantly correlated with OS were complete circumference involvement(P = 0.023), stenosis at diagnosis(P < 0.0001), and occurrence of post-RT stenosis or TEF(P < 0.001) in univariate analysis, while stenosis at diagnosis(P = 0.004) and occurrence of post-RT stenosis or TEF(P = 0.023) were significant in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Chemoradiation for CEC was well tolerated, and a higher dose was not associated with stenosis. Patients with complete circumferential involvement require close follow-up.

Effects of combined administration of furosemide and kanamycin on rat auditory nerve

Objective To determine the effects of combined administration of furosemide and kanamycin on inner ear structures and the auditory nerve in rats. Methods The rats in the treatment group received intravenous injections of combined furosemide and kanamycin sulfate, and the rats in the normal control group received no treatment. The auditory brainstem response （ABR） test was carried out 7 days after drug administration to determine the effects of drug administration on hearing. Cochlear slice and cochlear wholcmount were prepared after 7 days of drug treatment. Results After 7 days of drug administration, ABR thresholds were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group and neurofilaments were significantly reduced, although the number of spiral ganglia showed no decrease and there were no signs of supporting cell injury. Conclusions Combined administration of furosemide and kanamyein sulfate has an apparent synergistic ototoxic effect. Although spiral ganglion damage may not be apparent within a short time period of drug administration, damage to auditory nerve fibers is obvious.

Increased mortality in elderly heart failure patients receiving infusion of furosemide compared to elderly heart failure patients receiving bolus injection

Heart failure(HF)is a condition of cardiac dysfunction and fluid overload.Neurohormonal activation via the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system and the sympathetic nervous system are the pathophysiological cornerstones.[1]Furthermore,HF is a disorder widely associated with grave adverse outcomes and poor prognosis.[2]A loop diuretic is the fundamental drug used to prevent multiorgan failure and improve symptoms in these patients.[3]

Sequential Combination Diuretic-Therapy for Massive Fluid Overload in Furosemide-Refractory Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease

Patients with renal disease are at risk of fluid overload which escalates as the disease progresses. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of sequential combination diuretic-therapy (SCDT) in management of massive fluid overload in Furosemide-refractory renal patients. The added diuretics were Spironolactone 25 mg daily for 3 days, to those without risk of hyperkalemia, followed by Hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg/Metolazone 5 mg daily for 3 more days. Excluded patients were those with 1) acute renal disease, 2) echocardiographic evidence of: a) left ventricular ejection fraction < 40%, b) significant stenotic or incompetent valvular disease, c) ASD or VSD, d) significant pericardial disease, and 3) significant limb venous disease or on drugs likely to cause limb-oedema. To assess the extent of fluid overload;clinical examination was complemented with radiological imaging as well as echocardiographic measurement of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP). SCDT led to significant symptomatic, clinical, and radiological improvement of fluid overload without significant side effects. The latter were limited to hyperkalemia and hyponatremia which improved with dietary compliance. Moreover, hyperkalemia improved after subsequent addition of Thiazide/Metolazone. SCDT led to significant (p < 0.001) increase in fractional excretion of sodium and decrease in body weight and sPAP. In conclusion;SCDT is a safe and efficacious measure to control fluid overload in patients with renal diseases.

Is mannitol combined with furosemide a new treatment for refractory lymphedema?A case report

BACKGROUND Mannitol is a hyperosmolar agent and the combination of mannitol and furosemide is a widely used treatment for intracranial pressure control.Considering the hypertonic properties of mannitol to move water out of intracellular spaces,we hypothesized that mannitol combined with furosemide could relieve focal tissue swelling in refractory lymphedema.CASE SUMMARY A 90-year-old female had been diagnosed with intracranial hemorrhage and received a combination of mannitol and furosemide for intracranial pressure control.Independent of the intracranial hemorrhage,she had refractory lymphedema of the left lower extremity since 1998.Remarkably,after receiving the mannitol and furosemide,the patient’s lower extremity lymphedema improved dramatically.After the mannitol and furosemide were discontinued,the lymphedema worsened in spite of complete decongestive therapy(CDT)and intermittent pneumatic compression treatment(IPC).To identify the presumed effect of mannitol and furosemide on the lymphedema,these agents were resumed,and the lymphedema improved again.CONCLUSION The present case raises the possibility that a combination of mannitol and furosemide might be considered another effective therapeutic option for refractory lymphedema when CDT and IPC are ineffective.

Dose-individualization Efficiently Maintains Sufficient Exposure to Methotrexate without Additional Toxicity in High-dose Methotrexate Regimens for Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Objective:Methotrexate(MTX)can be safely administered to most patients but may cause severe toxicity in others.This study aimed to summarize the characteristics of high-dose methotrexate(HD-MTX)chemotherapy and to evaluate whether the modified dose-adjustment program was able to improve the maintenance of sufficient MTX exposure levels while minimizing toxicities.Methods:We evaluated 1172 cycles of high-dose MTX chemotherapy from 294 patients who were treated according to the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol(clinical trial number:ChiCTR-IPR-14005706)and analyzed the data of actual MTX dosage,MTX concentration,toxicity,and prognosis.We compared data between the dose-adjustment Program 1(fixed 20%reduction in dose)and the dose-adjustment Program 2(dose-individualization based on reassessment of the creatine clearance rate and the MTX concentration-monitoring point at 16 h),which were applied if the MTX clearance was delayed in the previous cycle.Results:The patients who used Program 2 had higher actual MTX infusion doses and infusion rates and were able to better maintain the MTX concentration at 44 h at the established target value than those on Program 1(P<0.001).No significant differences in toxicities were found between these two programs except that abnormal serum potassium levels and prolonged myelosuppression in intermediate-risk/high-risk patients were more frequently observed in patients using Program 2(P<0.001).No significant correlations were observed between the MTX dose,dose-adjustment programs,or MTX concentrations and relapse-free survival.Conclusion:Adjusting the MTX dose using Program 2 is more efficient for maintaining sufficient MTX exposure without significantly increasing the toxicity.

The Experience of Pain and Anxiety in Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Multiple Fraction High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy: A Prospective Observational Study

Purpose: To evaluate the anxiety and pain levels of cervical cancer patients undergoing intracavitary multifraction high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy, as part of a process to develop guidelines for quality patient-centered care. Methods: Cervical cancer patients (n = 31) undergoingmultiple fraction HDR brachytherapy treatment at the National Institute of Oncology in Rabat (Morocco) completed ratings of pain and anxiety intensity using 11-point verbal analog scales, at 6 key time points over 2 brachytherapy insertion procedures and 4 brachytherapy fractions. Women were evaluated for psychological status at baseline before starting the brachytherapy process using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Scores were grouped as follows: 0 - 7 = normal, 8 - 10 = borderline, 11 - 21 = abnormal. Factors that could affect anxiety levels such as education level, relationship status, number of pregnancies and prior surgical history were documented. Results: Between July and August 2020, 31 women with a median age of 49.6 years were evaluated (range: 27 - 70). The HADS score identified depression in 5 patients (16.1%) and anxiety in 12 patients (38.7%). Throughout both treatment procedures, anticipatory anxiety was reported, with a maximum intensity in the operating room during spinal anesthesia (3.23 ± 1.7) and during applicator insertion (2.97 ± 2.4). Moderate-to-severe anxiety scores were reported in 25.8% and 22.6% of patients respectively. Level of education showed a significant correlation with anxiety scores (p = 0.027). Pain increased significantly during the procedure (p ± 1.4) and applicator removal (4.74 ± 1.5) turned out to be the most painful parts of the procedure. No correlation was found between pain and anxiety levels. Conclusion: Intracavitary multifraction high-dose rate brachytherapy is associated with mild to moderate levels of pain and anxiety, although a subset of patients reported more severe symptoms and may require additional medical and psychological support, with particular emphasis on bed-rest duration and applicator removal. The development of effective interventions (both pharmacological and non-pharmacological) is needed to improve women’s experiences of brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.

Very-high-dose olanzapine for treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia has an extremely negative impact on mental health and social life. If clozapine, the gold standard treatment, fails, there are very few options left. The literature suggests that high-dose olanzapine (20 - 60 mg/day) is a possible alternative. We report two cases in which very high doses of olanzapine were administered, with significant clinical improvements above 60 mg/day. Clinical, metabolic and cardiac tolerance was good. This report highlights the usefulness of very-high-dose olanzapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. The main hypotheses concerning the psychopharmacological mechanisms of very-high-dose olanzapine are discussed.

Comparison of High-Dose Dexamethasone and Prednisone for Initial Treatment of Adult Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia

Prednisone is the most common first-line treatment for adult primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, the best initial therapeutic approach is still a matter of debate. Prior studies have shown that high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) produces a high sustained efficacy not achieved by conventional prednisone therapy. However, the definition of response widely differs between individual reports, and this heterogeneity makes comparison of the efficacy difficult. The aim of our study was to compare the therapeutic outcomes of a conventional dose of prednisone with HD-DXM for adult ITP patients as initial therapy. Thirty patients treated with prednisone and 22 patients treated HD-DXM were retrospectively analyzed. No significant differences between the HD-DXM and prednisone groups were observed for the rates of complete response (68% vs. 70%) and response (18% vs. 17%). However, 1 year probability of sustained response was significantly greater in the HD-DXM group than in the prednisone group (78% vs. 38%;P = 0.008). No adverse events necessitating discontinuation of treatment were observed in either group. Our retrospective analysis showed that initial treatment with HD-DXM produced longer response duration compared to a conventional dose of prednisone. Randomized clinical trials are warranted to establish the optimal initial steroid therapy for adult ITP.

A New Variant of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema from Long-Term High-Dose of Glucocorticoid Therapy: A Case Report

Recent studies have described the combination of both pulmonary emphysema and idiopathic interstitial lung disease (ILDs) by means of high-resolution computed axial tomography (HRCT). Definition of this syndrome was first named by Cottin as combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). Functional and radiological findings have showed that these patients are suffering from severe breathlessness, but whose pulmonary functional tests revealed no signs of obstruction, normal static lung volumes, and depressed DLco, most with a history of smoking [1] [2]. The radiological and endoscopic studies especially show that these patients have both areas of upper-lobe predominant emphysema and lesions compatible with fibrosis in both lung bases [3]. No prior research has reported any cases of such condition in person with no prior history of smoking as well as long-term high-dose of glucocorticoid therapy. In this case report, we discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 53-year-old non-smoker with increasing shortness of breath with a long-term high-dose of glucocorticoid therapy discovered to have an abnormal variant or presentation of CPFE. The cause of disease was attributed to a certain history of smoking in most studies;other potential risk factors have yet to be properly analyzed. This clinical report features a special case about the problem and solution surrounding this issue.

10%高渗盐水联合呋塞米治疗脑梗死后高颅压的疗效和对血钠的影响

目的探讨10%高渗盐水(HTS)联合呋塞米治疗脑梗死后高颅压的疗效和对血钠的影响。方法选取2020年至2023年桂林市中医医院脑病科住院部诊治的急性大面积脑梗死合并高颅压患者60例,采用数字表随机分为观察1组、观察2组和对照组各20例。其中观察1组(A组)使用10%HTS 60 mL静脉滴注联合呋塞米40 mg微量泵入治疗(具体频次参照颅内压调整),观察2组(B组)使用10%HTS 60 mL静脉滴注治疗,对照组(C组)使用125 mL甘露醇(MT)静脉滴注治疗。连续监测三组患者用药前后颅内压(ICP)和平均动脉压(MAP),并根据ICP和MAP计算相应的脑灌注压(CPP)。记录入组患者有效降低颅内压的持续时间、颅内压的最大降低幅度及持续时间,记录用药前及用药后2 h、6 h的血钠值。结果三组患者的ICP、MAP、CPP、血钠在不同时间段比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),用药后2 h、6 h,A组的ICP低于B组和C组(P<0.05),MAP、CPP均高于B组和C组(P<0.05),A组的血钠值低于B组(P<0.05)。结论10%HTS可有效降低急性大面积脑梗死患者的ICP,联合呋塞米可以减少高渗盐水对血钠的影响。

呋塞米联合多巴胺治疗大面积烧伤患者的效果分析

目的分析呋塞米联合多巴胺治疗大面积烧伤的效果。方法将2021年7月至2023年8月我院收治的90例大面积烧伤患者分为两组。研究组(48例)采用呋塞米联合多巴胺治疗,对照组(42例)采用呋塞米治疗。比较两组血清氧化应激指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]、肾功能指标[血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)]及预后不良情况。结果治疗后,研究组血清SOD水平高于对照组,MDA水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组血清Scr、BUN水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组预后不良发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论呋塞米联合多巴胺治疗大面积烧伤可减轻患者氧化应激反应,改善其肾功能,降低预后不良风险。

呋塞米与多巴胺低剂量给药调节心衰并肾功能不全患者的观察

目的 分析心力衰竭(CHF)合并肾功能不全患者接受呋塞米+低剂量多巴胺联合治疗的效果。方法 选取2022年10月至2023年10月期间商丘市第一人民医院收治的CHF合并肾功能不全的98例患者纳入研究病例,并以奇偶分组法为依据分为呋塞米治疗的参照组(n=49)、以参照组为基础联合低剂量多巴胺治疗的研究组(n=49),针对两组心肾功能、生活质量评分、不良反应展开比较。结果 治疗后,两组左心室射血分数(LVEF)、6 min步行距离(6MWT)指标均升高,脑钠肽(BNP)指标均降低,且研究组LVEF、6MWT指标高于参照组,BNP指标低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.01)。治疗后,两组血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血尿酸(UA)指标均降低,且研究组低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗后,两组CQQC评分均上升,且研究组高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率(6.12%)低于参照组(20.41%),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 对CHF合并肾功能不全患者实施呋塞米+低剂量多巴胺治疗,可改善患者心肾功能,提高其生活质量,且显示出良好安全性。

甘露醇联合呋塞米在大面积烧伤后补液量充足患者中的应用效果分析

目的探讨大面积烧伤后补液量充足患者采用甘露醇联合呋塞米治疗的临床效果。方法选取2021年1月至2023年7月商丘市第一人民医院烧伤整形外科收治的共计119例大面积烧伤后补液量充足患者,以随机数字表法分成研究组(n=59)和对照组(n=60),对照组给予呋塞米治疗,研究组给予甘露醇联合呋塞米治疗,比较两组肾功能、炎症因子、不良事件、气管切开发生率。结果治疗后两组均血肌酐(Scr)水平下降,24 h尿量增多,研究组Scr水平较对照组更低,24 h尿量更多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗前后尿素氮(BUN)水平比较差异无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗后两组降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均下降,且研究组较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组不良事件发生率为6.78%(4/59),较对照组的25.00%(15/60)更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组气管切开率为20.34%(12/59),较对照组的40.00%(24/60)更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论甘露醇联合呋塞米应用于大面积烧伤后补液量充足患者治疗中,能够改善肾功能,减轻炎症反应,降低不良事件发生率及气管切开率。

冻干重组人脑利钠肽联合呋塞米对老年急性心力衰竭患者血清心肌酶的影响

目的 探讨冻干重组人脑利钠肽(rhBNP)联合呋塞米对老年急性心力衰竭(AHF)患者血清心肌酶的影响。方法 选取2020年1月至2023年11月成都市第三人民医院急诊科住院的老年AHF患者162例,根据随机数字表法分为呋塞米组和rhBNP组,每组81例。呋塞米组给予呋塞米治疗,rhBNP组在呋塞米治疗基础上给予rhBNP治疗,观察2组临床症状缓解时间,对比治疗前及治疗2周后心力衰竭程度评分、病情危重程度评分、超声心动图指标以及血清生化指标变化,包括左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、每搏输出量(SV)、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、微小核糖核酸-181b(miR-181b)、瞬时受体电位C1(TRPC1)、生长分化因子15(GDF-15)水平。结果 rhBNP组治疗后气促缓解时间和水肿消退时间明显短于呋塞米组[(3.31±0.62)d vs(5.18±1.08)d,(3.86±0.82)d vs(6.08±1.19)d,P<0.01]。2组治疗后心力衰竭程度评分、急性生理与慢性健康状况Ⅱ评分、LVEDD、LVESD、LDH、CK、CK-MB、α-HBDH、TRPC1及GDF-15水平较治疗前明显降低,LVEF、SV、miR-181b水平较治疗前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 rhBNP联合呋塞米治疗老年AHF患者能缩短症状持续时间,不仅可改善心力衰竭病情,而且能改善血清心肌酶指标,减少心肌损伤程度,保护心脏。

靶向炎性脑水肿的诊疗一体化近红外荧光探针的构建与评价

目的制备基于近红外荧光(near-infrared fluorescence,NIRF)探针的新型化合物,通过活体成像实现对炎性脑水肿小鼠模型的动态监测,以及对治疗效果的实时评估。方法选择NIRF探针IR-783与临床脑水肿治疗药物呋塞米(furosemide,FSM)进行化学连接,获得新的化合物IR-783-FSM。通过紫外分光光度计评价该化合物的紫外荧光特性;体外细胞学实验检测小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7对该化合物的摄取情况;CCK8实验评价该化合物的细胞毒性。BALB/c小鼠腹腔注射脂多糖构建炎性脑水肿模型,通过HE染色和测量脑组织干湿重法确认建模成功;将脑水肿模型小鼠分为对照组、IR-783和IR-783-FSM治疗组,分别给予PBS、IR-783和IR-783-FSM腹腔注射后进行实时活体荧光成像,并在10 h后处死各组小鼠,进行脑部离体成像和干湿重测量,观察IR-783-FSM对炎性脑水肿模型的NIRF成像特性和治疗效果。结果新合成的化合物IR-783-FSM保留了IR-783优良的近红外荧光特征,可以靶向小鼠巨噬细胞,IC50为48.82μmol/L。腹腔注射脂多糖可以成功构建炎性脑水肿模型,且其脑组织含水量较空白对照组小鼠明显升高(P<0.01);小鼠活体成像显示,与IR-783相比,IR-783-FSM在脑水肿模型中具有明显较强的荧光信号;与对照组相比,2、5和8 mmol/L IR-783-FSM治疗组小鼠的脑含水量均明显减少(P<0.01)。结论合成的新型NIRF探针IR-783-FSM可以实现对脑水肿的动态监测和对治疗效果的实时评估。

多巴胺、呋塞米联合硝酸甘油治疗风湿性心脏病心力衰竭的临床疗效研究

目的 分析风湿性心脏病心力衰竭患者使用多巴胺、呋塞米、硝酸甘油联合治疗方案所取得的效果。方法 140例风湿性心脏病心力衰竭患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各70例。对照组患者接受多巴胺治疗,观察组患者接受多巴胺联合呋塞米、硝酸甘油治疗。对比两组临床疗效,心功能指标,不良反应发生率,治疗前后脑钠肽水平、6 min步行距离。结果 观察组临床总有效率为95.71%,高于对照组的81.43%(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)对比无差异(P>0.05);治疗后,两组LVEF均得到显著提升, LVEDD以及LVESD均得到显著降低,且观察组LVEF(39.38±3.76)%、LVEDD(61.02±5.92)mm、LVESD(45.47±4.29)mm均明显优于对照组的(35.24±3.31)%、(66.39±6.48)mm、(51.03±4.88)mm(P<0.05)。观察组的不良反应发生率10.00%与对照组的7.14%对比无差异(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组的脑钠肽水平、6 min步行距离对比无差异(P>0.05);治疗后,两组的脑钠肽水平、6 min步行距离均优于治疗前,且观察组脑钠肽(762.72±58.54)ng/L、6 min步行距离(363.24±25.27)m优于对照组的(953.48±71.06)ng/L、(310.27±22.31)m(P<0.05)。结论 风湿性心脏病心力衰竭患者接受多巴胺联合呋塞米、硝酸甘油治疗,患者的心脏功能明显提升,脑钠肽水平明显降低,体能明显提升,具有较高的治疗效果,并且在治疗期间无明显的不良反应。

呋塞米联合小剂量多巴胺治疗心力衰竭合并肾功能不全的效果分析

目的:分析呋塞米联合小剂量多巴胺治疗心力衰竭合并肾功能不全的效果。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年6月北京怀柔医院收治的心力衰竭合并肾功能不全患者76例,随机分为观察组与对照组,各38例。对照组实施地高辛联合螺内酯治疗,观察组在对照组基础上实施呋塞米联合小剂量多巴胺治疗。比较两组治疗效果。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.010)。治疗后,两组心功能指标、氨基末端脑利钠肽前体水平、肾功能及相关指标、运动耐量及生活质量评分优于治疗前,且观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:呋塞米联合小剂量多巴胺治疗心力衰竭合并肾功能不全的效果显著,能够改善患者心功能,保护肾功能,提高运动耐量及生活质量。