Pelvic Organs Prolapse in Low-Resources Countries: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Quality of Life. Narrative Review

Objective: Pelvic organ prolapse is an emerging public health problem affecting adult women of all ages with a negative impact on social, physical well-being, and psychological. Its presents several challenges in countries with low resources. This literature review aims to examine POP in its epidemiological aspects, risk factors, and staging by taking up the challenges associated with low-resource settings and identifying some avenues for future research. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The other studies were identified by checking the secondary references in the original citation. We have collected studies on adult women published in English for the last 30 years. In total, 71 articles were read. We excluded studies from all newspaper articles, Studies presenting co-morbidities (fistulas, cervical cancer, pregnancy), those evaluating treatment, letters, comments, case reports, practice guidelines, news, historical articles, legal cases, published erratum, and congresses. Results: 16 studies examining the epidemiology have been identified with 11 in countries defined by the World Bank as limited or intermediate resources. 18 on risk factors whose 10 in countries with limited or intermediate resources, 10 on staging and 27 on physiopathology. Conclusion: POP affects the young more in low-resource settings. Its prevalence remains underestimated for several reasons. Several risk factors found are the same as those of women in countries with a high standard of living. However, there are some specific risk factors for these resource-limited settings.

Dynamics and data fitting of a time-delayed SIRS hepatitis B model with psychological inhibition factor and limited medical resources

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease worthy of attention.Considering the incubation period,psychological inhibition factor,vaccine,limited medical resources and horizontal transmission,an SIRS model is proposed to describe hepatitis B transmission dynamics.In order to describe the behavior changes caused by people's psychological changes,the non-monotonic incidence rate is adopted in the model.We use the saturated treatment rate to describe the limited medical resources.Mathematical analysis shows the existence conditions of the equilibria,forward or backward bifurcation,Hopf bifurcation and the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation.During the observation of the case data of hepatitis B in China,it is found that there are mainly three features,periodic outbreaks,aperiodic outbreaks,and periodic outbreaks turns to aperiodic outbreaks.According to the above features,we select three different representative regions,Jiangxi,Zhejiang province and Beijing,and then use our model to fit the actual monthly hepatitis B case data.The basic reproduction numbers that we estimated are 1.7712,1.4805 and 1.4132,respectively.The results of data fitting are consistent with those of theoretical analysis.According to the sensitivity analysis of Ro,we conclude that reducing contact,increasing treatment rate,strengthening vaccination and revaccinating can effectively prevent and control the prevalence of hepatitis B.

Interactions between water-land resources and oasis urban development at the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang,China

Urban development in arid and semi-arid regions is largely constrained by fragile physical environ- ments. The characteristics of an urban settlement are different from those in other regions of China. This paper analyses the coupling characteristics and spatio-temporal variations for oasis urban development and water-land resources at the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains by principal component analysis and a coupling degree model. The result shows that the degree and change in regional use of water and land resources are different among the studied cities/counties during their development. The built-up areas of these cities/counties have changed little with increasing populations and urbanization levels, which well reflects that the urban development in arid and semi-arid regions is limited by oasis areas. Per capita amount of water supplied, however, presented a trend of slowed growth with increasing levels of urbanization. Water consumption gradually increased with urban development and the improvement of people＇s living standards, accompanied by enhanced water use efficiency. The level of urbanization can be assessed through the coupling degree between oasis urban development and the use of water and land resources. A high coupling degree represents a high level of comprehensive urban devel- opment and use of water-land resources. Alternatively, a low coupling degree denotes a low level of urban devel- opment and water-land resource use.

Study on the Current Situation and Protection Countermeasures of Wild Plant Resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve

[Objective] The aim was to study the current situation and protection countermeasures of wild plant resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve. [Method] The current situation of wild plant resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve was researched by means of route survey, sample plot survey and literature survey, and then the main impact factors of wild plant resources were analyzed by using participatory rural appraisal and problem tree analysis, finally protection countermeasures were put forward according to current situation and main impact factors. [Result] There were 2 779 species of vascular plants belonging to 214 families and 1 012 genera (including subfamilies and varieties) in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, among them, there existed 261 species of pteridophyte belonging to 41 families and 91 genera, 14 species of gymnosperm belonging to 6 families and 6 genera, and 2 504 species of angiosperm belonging to 167 families and 915 genera. Wild plant resources in reserve were mainly affected by planting under forest, habitat fragmentation, cutting trees, collection and utilization of no-timber products, development of animal husbandry, insufficient recognition of community residents to reserve management establishment and lots of floating population. In the future, wild plant resources in reserve could be protected through strengthening propaganda, education and management, enforcing the law strictly and other countermeasures. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical foundation for the protection of wild plant resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve.

Economic Critical Resources for the Industrial Exploitation of Natural Gas Hydrate

Since the implementation of several pilot production tests were in natural gas hydrate(NGH) reservoirs in terrestrial and marine settings, the study of NGH has entered a new stage of technological development for industrial exploitation. Prior to the industrial exploitation of any given NGH reservoir, the economic feasibility should be examined. The first step of economic evaluation of a NGH reservoir is to know whether its resource amount meets the requirement for industrial exploitation. Unfortunately, few relevant studies have been conducted in this regard. In this study, the net present value(NPV) method is employed to estimate the economic critical resources required for the industrial exploitation of NGHs under different production scenarios. Sensitivity analysis is also performed in order to specify the effects of key factors, such as the number of production wells, gas price, technological improvement and tax incentive, on the economic critical resources. The results indicate that China requires the lowest economic critical resource for a NGH reservoir to be industrially exploited, ranging from 3.62 to 24.02 billion m3 methane. Changes in gas price and tax incentives also play significant roles in affecting the threshold and timeline for the industrial exploitation of NGH.

Safety Evaluation of Water Environment Carrying Capacity of Five Cities in Ningxia Based on Ecological Footprint of Water Resources

[Objectives]To make safety evaluation of water environment carrying capacity of five cities in Ningxia based on ecological footprint of water resources.[Methods]With the help of the grey relational model,15 indicators were selected from the natural,economic,and social aspects,and the most influential factors in the three fields were selected.Based on the concept of ecological priority,the water resources carrying capacity of the five cities in Ningxia from 2010 to 2019 was calculated with the help of the water resources ecological footprint model.Then,the indicators of the water resources ecological footprint model were coupled with the existing indicators to establish a comprehensive evaluation indicator system.Finally,the changes of the water environment carrying capacity of the five cities in Ningxia were analyzed with the help of the principal component analysis(PCA).[Results]The ecological pressure of water resources and the ecological deficit of water resources in the five cities were relatively large.Specifically,Yinchuan City had the most obvious deficit of water resources but good carrying capacity;Zhongwei City had a large ecological deficit of water resources,poor carrying capacity,and the largest ecological pressure index of water resources;Guyuan City had low water resources ecological deficit,water resources ecological carrying capacity and water resources ecological pressure index.[Conclusions]Through the analysis of the coupling indicator system,it can be seen that the water environment carrying capacity of the five cities is in an upward trend,indicating that the water environment in each region tends to become better.

The hot issues of studies in China on digital information resources: Based on co-word analysis

With the SPSS and the help of factor method and hierarchical clustered method,journal articles on digital information resources(DIR) from CNKI in the past ten years are analyzed with a co-word analytical method in this paper. The hot issues of studies on DIR and the relationship between those subjects are analyzed in this investigation as well.

A Factor Analytic Model of Economic Growth Basing on Domestic and Foreign Resource and a Positive Study of Korean Economy

The most popular and traditional method to analyze the source of economic growth is created by Robert. M.Solow, but it has some localizations and is not very precise in some sense. In this paper, we will classify all sources of economic growth into domestic part and foreign part. Gross domestic products (GDP) growth is decomposed into labor input, domestic capital formation, imported foreign capital formation, and total factor productivity (TFP) growth. TFP growth is again divided into scale economies, capital utilization, human capital, domestic research and development (R&D)effort, and imported foreign technology. In this way,foreign resources include imported foreign capital formation and foreign technology. By model and demonstration, we analyze the impact of foreign resource to an economy, and the contribution of each factor (especially technological progress) to economic growth.

Integrated Assessment of Mineral Resources and Environmentin Mid-South of Shandong Province

On the bases of the field survey and a large number of testing data, we process the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the mine environment in the mid south of Shandong Province using the following grade Ⅰ factors:the surface subsidence in mining area, the three wastes of mine industries, the pollution sources, the surface water pollution, the underground water pollution and the air pollution. By means of emitting factor judgment and water quality indexes, we locate pollution sources, main pollutants, pollution type and pollution grade in the study area. Using the MAPGIS, we draw a zonality map of the mine environment. This paper attempts to offer a concrete example, including valuable assessment method, data and conclusion, for the assessment of mine environment from the integrated assessment of mineral resources and mine environment. This research is oriented towards the sustainable development and the ecological environment optimization.

Analysis on Change Trend and Influencing Factors of Natural Resource Utilization of Community Farmers around the Habitat of Giant Pandas

The habitat of giant pandas borders the living areas of farmers in surrounding communities. Due to the low level of economic development and resource used method, the life of community farmers depends on the natural resources of the habitat of giant pandas. Analyzing the natural resource utilization of farmers in communities around the habitat of giant pandas is conducive to formulating more reasonable management policies and protecting the habitat of giant pandas more effectively. Based on the field survey data, this paper classifies the main ways of community farmers using the natural resources of the habitat of giant pandas, counts the quantity of resources used and analyzes their change trends. On this basis, this paper selects indicators, constructs a model and analyzes the main influencing factors affecting the natural resources utilization of community farmers from three aspects: the individual characteristics of household heads, the family characteristics of community farmers and the residence characteristics of community farmers.

Analysis on the Application of Quality Classification of Cultivated Land Resources in Municipal Land Space Planning:A Case Study of Chongzuo City

Cultivated land is the most important strategic resource to ensure food security.The newly constructed quality classification system of cultivated land resources considers the cultivated land health index for the first time.How the new classification and grading index system and the quality classification results of cultivated land resources to effectively guide the preparation of municipal land space planning has become a key research direction.This paper expounds the overall design idea for quality classification of cultivated land resources and classification index system.Taking Chongzuo City as an example,through the analysis of the quality classification results of cultivated land resources in the study area,using GIS spatial analysis and factor pairwise comparison method,this paper explores the application ideas and methods of quality classification research results of cultivated land resources in the formulation of cultivated land retention target,the delineation of dominant areas of cultivated land protection,the delineation of three control lines,the comprehensive improvement of land,and ecological restoration zoning in the municipal land space planning.

Resource and environmental factors should be included in economic analytical framework

In the economic analysis framework,natural resources and environmental factors are included in the category of capital or land.Hence,the explanatory variables of the production function only include capital,labor and the residue term technology.Such framework may be designed for methodological reasons,but it is

Analysis of Factors Influencing Development of Resource-saving and Environment-friendly Agriculture in China

By selecting the data from 1989 to 2009 in China, we conduct regression analysis on the total output value of agriculture, the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, total power of agricultural machinery, effective irrigation area, and the damage area. The results show that the usage amount of chemical fertilizer and the damage area, the great obstacle to the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly agriculture, have significant impact on the output value of agriculture; total power of agricultural machinery and effective irrigation area have insignificant impact on the output value of agriculture. Based on these, the suggestions for promoting the development of resource-saving and environment-friendly agriculture are put forward as follows: transform agricultural production mode, and optimize the industrial structure of agriculture; promote scientific use of chemical fertilizer, and promote the ability of agriculture to resist risks; promote the development of biogas in rural areas, and carry out the comprehensive use of biological material resources in rural areas.

企业高质量数字化转型管理:理论前沿

在相关领域理论前沿与企业实践的基础上,首先,基于数据生产要素和数实融合的中国数字经济原创思想及理论,按“基础理论—应用基础理论—应用理论”的科学研究递进逻辑,提出企业高质量数字化转型管理的研究框架;然后,归纳提炼出7个重要研究领域及关键科学问题;最后,通过与已有相关研究框架和结论的文献对话,论述该框架理论的学术价值和实践指导潜力,以期为今后的理论研究提供方向性指导。

能源资源开发区域大气CO_(2)时空变化及影响因素分析

分析能源资源开发区域大气碳浓度的时空变化和影响因素,对于探索“碳达峰”“碳中和”背景下能源资源开发高质量发展路径至关重要。新疆维吾尔自治区是我国重要的能源和战略资源基地,本文面向新疆维吾尔自治区的能源资源开发现状,采集并预处理了2015—2021年轨道碳观测卫星-2(Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2,OCO-2)二氧化碳L3数据产品,分析研究区大气碳浓度的时间变化趋势和空间分布格局,构建深度森林回归模型,并分析各影响因素对碳浓度时空变化的驱动作用。结果表明:(1)新疆维吾尔自治区、准噶尔盆地、吐哈盆地和塔里木盆地XCO_(2)浓度在2015—2021年均呈周期性上升趋势,增长率呈“先减后增”,且季节变化趋势呈现明显的“春季高冬季低”;(2)在春、秋和冬季,新疆XCO_(2)浓度空间格局呈现“北高南低”的趋势,在盆地区域及能源资源开发区域出现XCO_(2)高浓度积聚现象,夏季则呈现“北低南高”趋势;(3)地形起伏、风场流速、NDVI、地表温度、降水量、10 mV风、10 mU风和能源开发强度对区域XCO_(2)浓度时空分布有显著影响,各因素呈现明显的空间异质性和显著差异。研究结果有助于理解能源资源开采区域的大气碳浓度时空演变机制,在国家碳减排目标的实现、指导碳中和策略、追踪碳减排效果等方面具有深远意义。

数字乡村建设、资源要素错配与农业绿色全要素生产率

数字乡村建设与农业绿色发展深度融合是推动农业高质量发展的新动力引擎。本文选取2011-2021年中国31个省级面板数据,构建数字乡村建设和农业绿色全要素生产率的评价体系,多维度分析数字乡村建设对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响及作用机制。研究发现,数字乡村建设既可以直接促进农业绿色全要素生产率提升,也可以通过带动绿色技术进步而促进农业绿色全要素生产率提升,还可以通过降低土地资源错配、资本资源错配、劳动力资源错配程度而间接促进农业绿色全要素生产率。数字乡村建设对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响异质性明显,东部地区、南方、粮食主产区的数字乡村建设的正向推动作用较强。

数字化转型能提升农业企业全要素生产率吗?

基于2007—2020年我国A股上市农业企业的微观数据,实证分析数字化转型对农业企业全要素生产率的影响及其机制。研究表明,数字化转型有利于提升农业企业的全要素生产率。机制检验表明,数字化转型通过提高资金利用率、降低超额雇员率、增大研发投入来提高农业企业全要素生产率。调节效应检验表明,营商环境不确定性、行业竞争强度加剧将削减数字化转型对农业企业全要素生产率的提升效果。异质性检验表明,数字化转型对小规模农业企业、处于成长期和成熟期的农业企业、国有农业企业、两职分离的农业企业全要素生产率的提升作用更为显著。为此,政府等治理主体应完善数字基础设施,营造良好营商环境和市场竞争秩序,优化农业企业数字化转型的外部环境;同时农业企业也要根据自身发展实际,科学配置资金、技术、劳动力等资源,选择适宜的数字化转型路径。