Background: Tolosa Hunt Syndrome is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology of the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure. Because of the difficulty in establishing histological evidence, his diagnosis is ...Background: Tolosa Hunt Syndrome is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology of the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure. Because of the difficulty in establishing histological evidence, his diagnosis is based on a set of arguments established by the International Headache Society. MRI allows indirect visualization of the granuloma and plays a key role in diagnosis and follow-up. Aim: To illustrate High-field MRI contribution in Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS). Cases Presentation: Two patients, a 25-year-old female and a 40-year-old male were recruited in this retrospective case report study at the Radiology service of Fann University Hospital (Dakar Senegal). The first patient has been suffering from a right retro-orbital pain and diplopia for 2 months and the second from a painful oculomotor nerve palsy for 3 months. Blood tests, lumbar puncture, thyroid hormone levels and an infectious screen were done. Screening for converting enzymes, and serum antibodies were also done. They underwent a high field MRI (Siemens 1.5T) with T1, T2, FLAIR, T2*, diffusion B1000, TOF polygon, CISS 3D and T1 gadolinium sequences in the 3 planes space. No significant abnormality was detected in blood tests or CSF analysis. Screening for converting enzymes and serum antibodies screen were also negative. For each patient, MRI examinations showed a non tumoral thickening of the right cavernous sinus, suggesting a granulomatous involvement. Tolosa Hunt Syndrome was evoked firstly. They were put on corticotherapy at high doses with a spectacular regression of symptoms. The Criteria of the International Headache Society of THS were met in both patients. Conclusion: High-field MRI is a significant diagnostic tool in the assessment of painful ophthalmoplegia. It allows a direct visualization of the granuloma of the cavernous sinus and assesses its course throughout the disease.展开更多
目的比较不同场强不同序列伪影的差异。方法制作钛合金水模,分别在1.5 T和3.0 T MRI扫描仪上采用矢状位快速自旋回波(TSE)-T1、TSE-T2、TSE的短反转时间的反转恢复(STIR)的脂肪抑制、TSE的频率选择饱和法(FS)抑制、梯度回波序列(GRE)/...目的比较不同场强不同序列伪影的差异。方法制作钛合金水模,分别在1.5 T和3.0 T MRI扫描仪上采用矢状位快速自旋回波(TSE)-T1、TSE-T2、TSE的短反转时间的反转恢复(STIR)的脂肪抑制、TSE的频率选择饱和法(FS)抑制、梯度回波序列(GRE)/快速小角度激发(FLASH)、扩散加权成像(DWI)等常用序列扫描。分析扫描得到图像伪影特点及进行伪影大小测量。结果GRE/FLASH序列图像和DWI图像伪影最大,FS抑制序列得到图像伪影比STIR序列图像伪影大,各序列伪影形状也有差别。在不同场强下相同类型序列扫描伪影也不同,高场强伪影明显大于低场强伪影。同一场强不同序列伪影大小不同,同一类型序列3.0 T MRI图像伪影比1.5 T MRI图像伪影要大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论可以通过场强选择、序列的选择来减少金属植入物磁共振扫描带来的伪影。展开更多
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the training responses observed with low-load resistance exercise to volitional fatigue translates into significant muscle hypertrophy, and compare that response to h...The purpose of this study was to determine whether the training responses observed with low-load resistance exercise to volitional fatigue translates into significant muscle hypertrophy, and compare that response to high-load resistance training. Nine previously untrained men (aged 25 [SD 3] years at the beginning of the study, standing height 1.73 [SD 0.07] m, body mass 68.9 [SD 8.1] kg) completed 6-week of high load-resistance training (HL-RT) (75% of one repeti-tion maximal [1RM], 3-sets, 3x/wk) followed by 12 months of detraining. Following this, subjects completed 6 weeks of low load-resistance training (LL-RT) to volitional fatigue (30% 1 RM, 4 sets, 3x/wk). Increases (p 0.05) in magnetic resonance imaging-measured triceps brachii and pectorals major muscle cross-sectional areas were similar for both HL-RT (11.9% and 17.6%, respectively) and LL-RT (9.8% and 21.1%, respectively). In addition, both groups increased (p 0.05) 1RM and maximal elbow extension strength following training;however, the percent increases in 1RM (8.6% vs. 21.0%) and elbow extension strength (6.5% vs. 13.9%) were significantly (p 0.05) lower with LL-RT. Both protocols elicited similar increases in muscle cross-sectional area, however differences were observed in strength. An explanation of the smaller relative increases in strength may be due to the fact that detraining after HL-RT did not cause strength values to return to baseline levels thereby producing smaller changes in strength. In addition, the results may also suggest that the consistent practice of lifting a heavy load is necessary to maximize gains in muscular strength of the trained movement. These results demonstrate that significant muscle hypertrophy can occur without high-load resistance training and suggests that the focus on percentage of external load as the important deciding factor on muscle hypertrophy is too simplistic and inappropriate.展开更多
文摘Background: Tolosa Hunt Syndrome is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology of the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure. Because of the difficulty in establishing histological evidence, his diagnosis is based on a set of arguments established by the International Headache Society. MRI allows indirect visualization of the granuloma and plays a key role in diagnosis and follow-up. Aim: To illustrate High-field MRI contribution in Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS). Cases Presentation: Two patients, a 25-year-old female and a 40-year-old male were recruited in this retrospective case report study at the Radiology service of Fann University Hospital (Dakar Senegal). The first patient has been suffering from a right retro-orbital pain and diplopia for 2 months and the second from a painful oculomotor nerve palsy for 3 months. Blood tests, lumbar puncture, thyroid hormone levels and an infectious screen were done. Screening for converting enzymes, and serum antibodies were also done. They underwent a high field MRI (Siemens 1.5T) with T1, T2, FLAIR, T2*, diffusion B1000, TOF polygon, CISS 3D and T1 gadolinium sequences in the 3 planes space. No significant abnormality was detected in blood tests or CSF analysis. Screening for converting enzymes and serum antibodies screen were also negative. For each patient, MRI examinations showed a non tumoral thickening of the right cavernous sinus, suggesting a granulomatous involvement. Tolosa Hunt Syndrome was evoked firstly. They were put on corticotherapy at high doses with a spectacular regression of symptoms. The Criteria of the International Headache Society of THS were met in both patients. Conclusion: High-field MRI is a significant diagnostic tool in the assessment of painful ophthalmoplegia. It allows a direct visualization of the granuloma of the cavernous sinus and assesses its course throughout the disease.
文摘目的探讨不同磁场强度(1.5T和3.0 T)对镍铬合金固定修复体磁共振成像(MRI)中伪影的影响。方法以镍铬合金制作不同厚度的单冠、桥修复体及上半口修复体作为试样,置于盛有清水的容器中央,分别于1.5 T和3.0 T的磁场强度下进行MR扫描,勾画和计算伪影面积并进行比较分析,以相同形状和厚度的塑料修复体作为对照修复体。结果镍铬合金固定修复体在MRI中均可产生伪影,其面积随修复体体积的增加而扩大,而对照修复体未见伪影形成。与1.5 T MRI相比,3.0 T MRI上产生的伪影面积显著增大(P<0.05);相同磁场强度下,与扫描序列T_2WI相比,扫描序列T_1WI上所形成的伪影面积显著增大(P<0.05)。结论口腔内有镍铬合金固定修复体的患者在行MRI检查时,应选择较低的磁场强度及快速自旋回波序列进行扫描。应避免选用镍铬合金制作大范围固定修复体。
文摘目的比较不同场强不同序列伪影的差异。方法制作钛合金水模,分别在1.5 T和3.0 T MRI扫描仪上采用矢状位快速自旋回波(TSE)-T1、TSE-T2、TSE的短反转时间的反转恢复(STIR)的脂肪抑制、TSE的频率选择饱和法(FS)抑制、梯度回波序列(GRE)/快速小角度激发(FLASH)、扩散加权成像(DWI)等常用序列扫描。分析扫描得到图像伪影特点及进行伪影大小测量。结果GRE/FLASH序列图像和DWI图像伪影最大,FS抑制序列得到图像伪影比STIR序列图像伪影大,各序列伪影形状也有差别。在不同场强下相同类型序列扫描伪影也不同,高场强伪影明显大于低场强伪影。同一场强不同序列伪影大小不同,同一类型序列3.0 T MRI图像伪影比1.5 T MRI图像伪影要大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论可以通过场强选择、序列的选择来减少金属植入物磁共振扫描带来的伪影。
文摘The purpose of this study was to determine whether the training responses observed with low-load resistance exercise to volitional fatigue translates into significant muscle hypertrophy, and compare that response to high-load resistance training. Nine previously untrained men (aged 25 [SD 3] years at the beginning of the study, standing height 1.73 [SD 0.07] m, body mass 68.9 [SD 8.1] kg) completed 6-week of high load-resistance training (HL-RT) (75% of one repeti-tion maximal [1RM], 3-sets, 3x/wk) followed by 12 months of detraining. Following this, subjects completed 6 weeks of low load-resistance training (LL-RT) to volitional fatigue (30% 1 RM, 4 sets, 3x/wk). Increases (p 0.05) in magnetic resonance imaging-measured triceps brachii and pectorals major muscle cross-sectional areas were similar for both HL-RT (11.9% and 17.6%, respectively) and LL-RT (9.8% and 21.1%, respectively). In addition, both groups increased (p 0.05) 1RM and maximal elbow extension strength following training;however, the percent increases in 1RM (8.6% vs. 21.0%) and elbow extension strength (6.5% vs. 13.9%) were significantly (p 0.05) lower with LL-RT. Both protocols elicited similar increases in muscle cross-sectional area, however differences were observed in strength. An explanation of the smaller relative increases in strength may be due to the fact that detraining after HL-RT did not cause strength values to return to baseline levels thereby producing smaller changes in strength. In addition, the results may also suggest that the consistent practice of lifting a heavy load is necessary to maximize gains in muscular strength of the trained movement. These results demonstrate that significant muscle hypertrophy can occur without high-load resistance training and suggests that the focus on percentage of external load as the important deciding factor on muscle hypertrophy is too simplistic and inappropriate.
