Five patients treated for intracranial cerebral hemorrhage after superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in Xuwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, from 2005-2011 were included in ...Five patients treated for intracranial cerebral hemorrhage after superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in Xuwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, from 2005-2011 were included in this study. Prior to superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass, all patients showed diminished cerebrovascular reactivity and an ipsilateral ischemic lesion. Intracranial cerebral hemorrhage developed within 1-4 days following superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass. Transcranial Doppler showed increased middle cerebral artery velocity of 50-100% in the operated hemisphere. These findings suggested that focal hyperperfusion, an ipsilateral ischemic lesion and diminished cerebrovascular reactivity are the important characteristics of intracerebral hemorrhage following superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in patients with steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease.展开更多
Objective: Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis is known to play a crucial role in perioperative stroke in coronary arterial bypass grafting (CABG). This study is to identify the degree of severity of cerebrovascular lesio...Objective: Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis is known to play a crucial role in perioperative stroke in coronary arterial bypass grafting (CABG). This study is to identify the degree of severity of cerebrovascular lesions for which patients can still undergo CABG with an acceptably low risk in current techniques. Methods: Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis was evaluated and graded for 200 consecutive patients prior to CABG. Grading was initially based on the level of stenosis in carotid, vertebral, and cerebral arteries: grade-0: normal or mild stenosis in cerebral arteries or stenosis <50% in other arteries;grade-1: moderate in cerebral arteries or 50% - 69% in others;grade-2: severe in cerebral arteries or 70% - 89% in others;grade-3: occlusion in cerebral arteries or 90% - 100% in others. The grading was finally adjusted to a risk of regional ischemia by considering symptoms, number of lesions, and brain perfusion in scintigram. Therefore, some patients were up-graded. Off-pump CABG was scheduled for all patients. The lowest systolic arterial pressure during surgery was differently controlled in each grade: grade-0: ≥70 mmHg;grade-1: ≥80 mmHg;grade-2: ≥80 mmHg with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP);grade-3: ≥90 mmHg with IABP;grade-4: ≥90 mmHg with IABP and administration of thyamiral. Results: Grade-1 and -2 included 38 and 29 patients respectively. Grade-3 initially included 36 patients and 14 of them were up-graded to grade-4 (extremely high risk patients). Stroke was seen in one patient (0.5%), for whom mild speaking disturbance occurred on the fifth day from CABG. Conclusion: Patients with severe cerebrovascular atherosclerosis can undergo CABG with a low risk of stroke. Intraoperative management of blood pressure may be critical for stroke prevention in CABG.展开更多
目的探讨脑CT灌注成像在指导及评价颅内外动脉旁路移植术(颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术)治疗缺血性脑血管病中的作用。方法 2008年1月～2011年12月,43例有临床缺血表现的单侧颈内动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉高度狭窄,术前进行...目的探讨脑CT灌注成像在指导及评价颅内外动脉旁路移植术(颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术)治疗缺血性脑血管病中的作用。方法 2008年1月～2011年12月,43例有临床缺血表现的单侧颈内动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉高度狭窄,术前进行脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,选取感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),测量并评估多个ROI区域以下指标的平均值:相对脑血流量(relative cerebral blood flow,rCBF)、脑血容量(relative cerebral blood volume,rCBV)、平均通过时间(relative mean transmit time,rMTT)及达峰值时间(relative time to peak,rTTP),结合患者临床表现及脑血流评估结果,选取有手术适应证的患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥手术。手术后复查脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,测量术后rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、rTTP。术后对患者进行长期随访并应用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)对患者手术前后神经功能状态进行评估。结果①43例均顺利进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,术后造影42例(97.7%)吻合口通畅,术后NIHSS评分均较术前明显降低(术前3.67±1.02,术后1周3.30±0.89,术后3个月2.88±0.96,术后12个月2.34±1.02,与术前相比,t=2.634,P=0.012,t=5.373,P=0.000,t=7.342,P=0.000),随访期间未再出现与患侧相关的脑卒中。②43例手术前后脑CT灌注成像结果显示,术前患侧rCBF较健侧明显降低[(31.37±9.29)ml.100g-1.min-1 vs.(45.41±6.91)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.921,P=0.000],rMTT、rTTP较健侧明显升高[rMTT(11.32±3.19)s vs.(8.43±1.95)s,t=5.754,P=0.000;rTTP(3.71±1.22)s vs.(2.03±0.87)s,t=9.889,P=0.000],rCBV与健侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。术后1周患侧rCBF较术前明显升高[术后(44.05±10.24)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.273,P=0.000],rCBV与术前差异无显著性(P>0.05),rMTT、rTTP较术前明显降低[rMTT术后(8.16±1.99)s,t=7.743,P=0.000;rTTP术后(1.88±1.29)s,t=7.333,P=0.000]。手术后患侧以上指标与健侧差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论脑CT灌注成像能够良好地评估颈动脉闭塞、大脑中动脉闭塞或严重狭窄患者的脑血流状态,基于脑CT灌注成像结果筛选脑血流动力学不稳定患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,可以改善此类患者的脑血流、临床症状。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Program Funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China during the 12~th Five-Year Development Period,No.2011BAI08B04
文摘Five patients treated for intracranial cerebral hemorrhage after superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in Xuwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, from 2005-2011 were included in this study. Prior to superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass, all patients showed diminished cerebrovascular reactivity and an ipsilateral ischemic lesion. Intracranial cerebral hemorrhage developed within 1-4 days following superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass. Transcranial Doppler showed increased middle cerebral artery velocity of 50-100% in the operated hemisphere. These findings suggested that focal hyperperfusion, an ipsilateral ischemic lesion and diminished cerebrovascular reactivity are the important characteristics of intracerebral hemorrhage following superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in patients with steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease.
文摘Objective: Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis is known to play a crucial role in perioperative stroke in coronary arterial bypass grafting (CABG). This study is to identify the degree of severity of cerebrovascular lesions for which patients can still undergo CABG with an acceptably low risk in current techniques. Methods: Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis was evaluated and graded for 200 consecutive patients prior to CABG. Grading was initially based on the level of stenosis in carotid, vertebral, and cerebral arteries: grade-0: normal or mild stenosis in cerebral arteries or stenosis <50% in other arteries;grade-1: moderate in cerebral arteries or 50% - 69% in others;grade-2: severe in cerebral arteries or 70% - 89% in others;grade-3: occlusion in cerebral arteries or 90% - 100% in others. The grading was finally adjusted to a risk of regional ischemia by considering symptoms, number of lesions, and brain perfusion in scintigram. Therefore, some patients were up-graded. Off-pump CABG was scheduled for all patients. The lowest systolic arterial pressure during surgery was differently controlled in each grade: grade-0: ≥70 mmHg;grade-1: ≥80 mmHg;grade-2: ≥80 mmHg with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP);grade-3: ≥90 mmHg with IABP;grade-4: ≥90 mmHg with IABP and administration of thyamiral. Results: Grade-1 and -2 included 38 and 29 patients respectively. Grade-3 initially included 36 patients and 14 of them were up-graded to grade-4 (extremely high risk patients). Stroke was seen in one patient (0.5%), for whom mild speaking disturbance occurred on the fifth day from CABG. Conclusion: Patients with severe cerebrovascular atherosclerosis can undergo CABG with a low risk of stroke. Intraoperative management of blood pressure may be critical for stroke prevention in CABG.
文摘目的探讨脑CT灌注成像在指导及评价颅内外动脉旁路移植术(颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术)治疗缺血性脑血管病中的作用。方法 2008年1月～2011年12月,43例有临床缺血表现的单侧颈内动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉高度狭窄,术前进行脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,选取感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),测量并评估多个ROI区域以下指标的平均值:相对脑血流量(relative cerebral blood flow,rCBF)、脑血容量(relative cerebral blood volume,rCBV)、平均通过时间(relative mean transmit time,rMTT)及达峰值时间(relative time to peak,rTTP),结合患者临床表现及脑血流评估结果,选取有手术适应证的患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥手术。手术后复查脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,测量术后rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、rTTP。术后对患者进行长期随访并应用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)对患者手术前后神经功能状态进行评估。结果①43例均顺利进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,术后造影42例(97.7%)吻合口通畅,术后NIHSS评分均较术前明显降低(术前3.67±1.02,术后1周3.30±0.89,术后3个月2.88±0.96,术后12个月2.34±1.02,与术前相比,t=2.634,P=0.012,t=5.373,P=0.000,t=7.342,P=0.000),随访期间未再出现与患侧相关的脑卒中。②43例手术前后脑CT灌注成像结果显示,术前患侧rCBF较健侧明显降低[(31.37±9.29)ml.100g-1.min-1 vs.(45.41±6.91)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.921,P=0.000],rMTT、rTTP较健侧明显升高[rMTT(11.32±3.19)s vs.(8.43±1.95)s,t=5.754,P=0.000;rTTP(3.71±1.22)s vs.(2.03±0.87)s,t=9.889,P=0.000],rCBV与健侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。术后1周患侧rCBF较术前明显升高[术后(44.05±10.24)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.273,P=0.000],rCBV与术前差异无显著性(P>0.05),rMTT、rTTP较术前明显降低[rMTT术后(8.16±1.99)s,t=7.743,P=0.000;rTTP术后(1.88±1.29)s,t=7.333,P=0.000]。手术后患侧以上指标与健侧差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论脑CT灌注成像能够良好地评估颈动脉闭塞、大脑中动脉闭塞或严重狭窄患者的脑血流状态,基于脑CT灌注成像结果筛选脑血流动力学不稳定患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,可以改善此类患者的脑血流、临床症状。
