High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation for preventing extubation failure during weaning from mechanical ventilation assessed by lung ultrasound score: A single-center randomized study

BACKGROUND: We sought to demonstrate the superiority of a targeted therapy strategy involving high-flow nasal cannula oxygen(HFNCO_(2)) therapy and noninvasive ventilation(NIV) using lung ultrasound score(LUS) in comparison with standard care among patients in the intensive care unit(ICU) who undergo successful weaning to decrease the incidence of extubation failure at both 48 hours and seven days.METHODS: During the study period, 98 patients were enrolled in the study, including 49 in the control group and 49 in the treatment group. Patients in the control group and patients with an LUS score <14 points(at low risk of extubation failure) in the treatment group were extubated and received standard preventive care without NIV or HFNCO_(2). Patients with an LUS score ≥14 points(at high risk of extubation failure) in the treatment group were extubated with a second review of the therapeutic optimization to identify and address any persisting risk factors for postextubation respiratory distress;patients received HFNCO2 therapy combined with sessions of preventive NIV(4-8 hours per day for 4-8 sessions total) for the first 48 hours after extubation.RESULTS: In the control group, 13 patients had the LUS scores ≥14 points, while 36 patients had scores <14 points. In the treatment group, 16 patients had the LUS scores ≥14 points, while 33 patients had scores <14 points. Among patients with the LUS score ≥14 points, the extubation failure rate within 48 hours was 30.8% in the control group and 12.5% in the treatment group, constituting a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Conversely, among patients with an LUS score <14 points, 13.9% in the control group and 9.1% in the treatment group experienced extubation failure(P=0.61). The length of ICU stay(9.4±3.1 days vs. 7.2±2.4 days) was significantly different and the re-intubation rate(at 48 hours: 18.4% vs. 10.2%;seven days: 22.4% vs. 12.2%) significantly varied between the two groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the 28-day mortality rate(6.1% vs. 8.2%) between the control and treatment groups.CONCLUSIONS: Among high-risk adults being weaned from mechanical ventilation and assessed by LUS, the NIV+HFNCO_(2) protocol does not lessen the mortality rate but reduce the length of ICU stay, the rate of extubation failure at both 48 hours and seven days.

Efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of high-flow nasal cannula(HFNC)on patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods:Systematic searches on PubMed,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library,Embase,CBM(Chinese Biomedicine Database),CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure),Wanfang Database and VIP were performed for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)which explored the effects of HFNC on patients with AECOPD.The retrieval time was from the establishment of each database to July 2019.RevMan5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 12 articles were included,involving 812 patients.The results showed that:(1)Compared with conventional oxygen therapy,HFNC could improve patients'arterial partial oxygen pressure(PaO2)(MD=12.70,95%CI(7.00,18.40),Z=4.37,P<0.0001),reduce partial arterial blood carbon dioxide(PaCO2)(MD=-10.99,95%CI(-14.42,-7.55),Z=6.26,P<0.00001)and reduce endotracheal intubation rate(OR=0.19,95%CI(0.04,0.93),Z=2.05,P=0.04),shorten the hospitalization time(SMD=-0.74,95%CI(-1.11,-0.37),Z=3.95,P<0.0001).(2)Compared with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation,it has fewer adverse reactions(OR=0.18,95%CI(0.09,0.35),Z=5.08,P<0.00001)and shorter hospital stay(SMD=-0.57,95%CI(-0.90,-0.23),Z=3.33,P=0.0009).Conclusion:HFNC can improve the patients’hypoxia symptoms and CO2 retention,reduce the rate of tracheal intubation,and alleviate adverse reactions.However,Limited by the quality and region of the included studies,more high-quality are needed to test it.

带储气囊无重复呼吸面罩在COPD患者脱机后的应用

目的探讨带储气囊无重复呼吸面罩、普通面罩及经鼻吸氧在慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)脱机后的优缺点。方法选取2010年6月至2013年1月郧县人民医院收治的须行气管插管机械通气的COPD急性发作并发重度呼吸衰竭患者66例,依据随机数字表法分为三组:第1组(22例)脱机后应用带储气囊无重复呼吸面罩吸氧,第2组(22例)应用普通面罩进行吸氧,第3组(22例)应用鼻导管进行吸氧。比较三组3 d内再次应用呼吸机人次、脱机后24、48、72 h血气分析中pH、二氧化碳分压、氧合指数。结果再次应用呼吸机患者会在第1、2、3组分别为2、6、8人次,再次上呼吸机率分别为9%、27%、36%。脱机后24、48、72 h,三组患者的二氧化碳分压、氧分压、pH比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论带储气囊无重复呼吸面罩应用于COPD可有效提高氧分压,无明显加重二氧化碳蓄积的不良反应。

高流量鼻导管给氧与传统面罩给氧在重体质量COPD患者中的应用效果比较

目的比较高流量鼻导管给氧与传统面罩给氧在重体质量慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者治疗中的应用效果。方法前瞻性队列研究。抽取2020年6月至2023年3月河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的重体质量COPD患者76例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者分为面罩组与鼻导管组,每组38例。面罩组应用传统面罩给氧,鼻导管组应用高流量鼻导管给氧。比较两组的血氧指标、治疗效果及并发症发生率。结果治疗后,鼻导管组动脉血氧饱和度、动脉血氧分压、氧合指数均高于面罩组(P均<0.05),鼻导管组动脉血二氧化碳分压低于面罩组(P<0.05)。鼻导管组总有效率(97.37%,37/38)高于面罩组(81.58%,31/38),P<0.05。鼻导管组并发症发生率(10.53%,4/38)低于面罩组(28.95%,11/38),P<0.05。结论重体质量COPD患者治疗中应用高流量鼻导管给氧治疗的有效性和安全性均高于传统面罩给氧,可促进患者血氧恢复正常。