Review of the Analysis and Suppression for High-frequency Oscillations of the Grid-connected Wind Power Generation System

High-frequency oscillation(HFO)of gridconnected wind power generation systems(WPGS)is one of the most critical issues in recent years that threaten the safe access of WPGS to the grid.Ensuring the WPGS can damp HFO is becoming more and more vital for the development of wind power.The HFO phenomenon of wind turbines under different scenarios usually has different mechanisms.Hence,engineers need to acquire the working mechanisms of the different HFO damping technologies and select the appropriate one to ensure the effective implementation of oscillation damping in practical engineering.This paper introduces the general assumptions of WPGS when analyzing HFO,systematically summarizes the reasons for the occurrence of HFO in different scenarios,deeply analyses the key points and difficulties of HFO damping under different scenarios,and then compares the technical performances of various types of HFO suppression methods to provide adequate references for engineers in the application of technology.Finally,this paper discusses possible future research difficulties in the problem of HFO,as well as the possible future trends in the demand for HFO damping.

Effects of unilateral superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation on porcine hemodynamics and gas exchange during one-lung flooding

BACKGROUND Superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation(SHFJV)is suitable for respiratory motion reduction and essential for effective lung tumor ablation.Fluid filling of the target lung wing one-lung flooding(OLF)is necessary for therapeutic ultrasound applications.However,whether unilateral SHFJV allows adequate hemodynamics and gas exchange is unclear.AIM To compared SHFJV with pressure-controlled ventilation(PCV)during OLF by assessing hemodynamics and gas exchange in different animal positions.METHODS SHFJV or PCV was used alternatingly to ventilate the non-flooded lungs of the 12 anesthetized pigs during OLF.The animal positions were changed from left lateral position to supine position(SP)to right lateral position(RLP)every 30 min.In each position,ventilation was maintained for 15 min in both modalities.Hemodynamic variables and arterial blood gas levels were repeatedly measured.RESULTS Unilateral SHFJV led to lower carbon dioxide removal than PCV without abnormally elevated carbon dioxide levels.SHFJV slightly decreased oxygenation in SP and RLP compared with PCV;the lowest values of PaO_(2) and PaO_(2)/FiO_(2) ratio were found in SP[13.0;interquartile range(IQR):12.6-5.6 and 32.5(IQR:31.5-38.9)kPa].Conversely,during SHFJV,the shunt fraction was higher in all animal positions(highest in the RLP:0.30).CONCLUSION In porcine model,unilateral SHFJV may provide adequate ventilation in different animal positions during OLF.Lower oxygenation and CO_(2) removal rates compared to PCV did not lead to hypoxia or hypercapnia.SHFJV can be safely used for lung tumor ablation to minimize ventilation-induced lung motion.

Kinematic deformation and intensity assessment of the 2021 Maduo M_(S)7.4 earthquake in Qinghai revealed by high-frequency GNSS

Rapid acquisition of the kinematic deformation field and seismic intensity distribution of large earthquakes is crucial for postseismic emergency rescue,disaster assessment,and future seismic risk research.The advancement of GNSS observation and data processing makes it play an important role in this field,especially the high-frequency GNSS.We used the differential positioning method to calculate the 1 HZ GNSS data from 98 sites within 1000 km of the M_(S)7.4 Maduo earthquake epicenter.The kinematic deformation field and the distribution of the seismic intensity by using the peak ground velocity derived from displacement waveforms were obtained.The results show that:1)Horizontal coseismic response deformation levels ranging from 25 mm to 301 mm can be observed within a 1000 km radius from the epicenter.Coseismic response deformation on the east and west sides shows bilateral asymmetry,which markedly differs from the symmetry presented by surface rupture.2)The seismic intensity obtained through high-frequency GNSS and field investigations exhibits good consistency of the scope and orientation in the high seismic intensity area,although the former is generally slightly smaller than the latter.3)There may exist obstacles on the eastern side of the seismogenic fault.The Maduo earthquake induced a certain tectonic stress loading effect on the western Kunlun Pass-Jiangcuo fault(KPJF)and Maqin-Maqu segment,resulting in higher seismic risk in the future.

Dynamic Response of Foundations during Startup of High-Frequency Tunnel Equipment

The specialized equipment utilized in long-line tunnel engineering is evolving towards large-scale,multifunctional,and complex orientations.The vibration caused by the high-frequency units during regular operation is supported by the foundation of the units,and the magnitude of vibration and the operating frequency fluctuate in different engineering contexts,leading to variations in the dynamic response of the foundation.The high-frequency units yield significantly diverse outcomes under different startup conditions and times,resulting in failure to meet operational requirements,influencing the normal function of the tunnel,and causing harm to the foundation structure,personnel,and property in severe cases.This article formulates a finite element numerical computation model for solid elements using three-dimensional elastic body theory and integrates field measurements to substantiate and ascertain the crucial parameter configurations of the finite element model.By proposing a comprehensive startup timing function for high-frequency dynamic machines under different startup conditions,simulating the frequency andmagnitude variations during the startup process,and suggesting functions for changes in frequency and magnitude,a simulated startup schedule function for high-frequency machines is created through coupling.Taking into account the selection of the transient dynamic analysis step length,the dynamic response results for the lower dynamic foundation during its fundamental frequency crossing process are obtained.The validation checks if the structural magnitude surpasses the safety threshold during the critical phase of unit startup traversing the structural resonance region.The design recommendations for high-frequency units’dynamic foundations are provided,taking into account the startup process of the machine and ensuring the safe operation of the tunnel.

Therapeutic efficacy of methylprednisolone sodium succinate via diverse administration routes for mid-to high-frequency sudden sensorineural hearing loss

BACKGROUND Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL),characterized by a rapid and unexplained loss of hearing,particularly at moderate to high frequencies,presents a significant clinical challenge.The therapeutic use of methylprednisolone sodium succinate(MPSS)via different administration routes,in combination with conventional medications,remains a topic of interest.AIM To compare the therapeutic efficacy of MPSS administered via different routes in combination with conventional drugs for the treatment of mid-to high-frequency SSNHL.METHODS The medical records of 109 patients with mid-to high-frequency SSNHL were analyzed.The patients were divided into three groups based on the route of administration:Group A[intratympanic(IT)injection of MPSS combined with mecobalamin and Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection],Group B(intravenous injection of MPSS combined with mecobalamin and Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection),and Group C(single IT injection of MPSS).The intervention effects were compared and analyzed.RESULTS The posttreatment auditory thresholds in Group A(21.23±3.34)were significantly lower than those in Groups B(28.52±3.36)and C(30.23±4.21;P<0.05).Group A also exhibited a significantly greater speech recognition rate(92.23±5.34)than Groups B and C.The disappearance time of tinnitus,time to hearing recovery,and disappearance time of vertigo in Group A were significantly shorter than those in Groups B and C(P<0.05).The total effective rate in Group A(97.56%)was significantly greater than that in Groups B and C(77.14%and 78.79%,χ^(2)=7.898,P=0.019).Moreover,the incidence of adverse reactions in Groups A and C was significantly lower than that in Group B(4.88%,3.03%vs 2.57%,χ^(2)=11.443,P=0.003),and the recurrence rate in Group A was significantly lower than that in Groups B and C(2.44%vs 20.00%vs 21.21%,χ^(2)=7.120,P=0.028).CONCLUSION IT injection of MPSS combined with conventional treatment demonstrates superior efficacy and safety compared to systemic administration via intravenous infusion and a single IT injection of MPSS.This approach effectively improves patients'hearing and reduces the risk of disease recurrence.

Radio-frequency measurements of energetic-electron-driven emissions using high-frequency magnetic probe on XuanLong-50 spherical torus

A high-frequency magnetic probe is designed and developed on the XuanL ong-50(EXL-50)spherical torus to measure high-frequency magnetic field fluctuation.The magnetic loop,radio filters,radio-frequency limiter,and data acquisition system of the probe are comprehensively examined.The fluctuation data from the EXL-50 plasma are analyzed in the time–frequency domain using fast Fourier transforms.Moreover,distinct high-frequency instabilities are detected using this diagnostic system.In particular,significant frequency chirping is observed,which is consistent with the bumpon-tail drive instability predicted using the Berk–Breizman model.

Tuning magneto-dielectric properties of Co_(2)Z ferrites via Gd doping for high-frequency applications

Magneto-dielectric properties of Co_(2)Z ferrite materials are tuned via Gd doping for applications in high-frequency antennas and filters in the present work.Ba_(3)Co_(2)Fe_(24-x)Gd_(x)O_(41)(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,and 0.20)materials are successfully prepared by using solid-state method at 925℃for 4 h with 2.5-wt%Bi_(2)O_(3)sintering aids.The content of Gd^(3+)ion can affect micromorphology,grain size,bulk density,and magneto-dielectric properties of the ferrite.With Gd^(3+)ion content increasing,saturation magnetization(Ms)first increases and then decreases.The maximum value of Ms is 44.86 emu/g at x=0.15.Additionally,sites occupied by Gd^(3+)ions can change magnetic anisotropy constant of the ferrite.Magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant(K_1)is derived from initial magnetization curve,and found to be related to spin-orbit coupling and intersublattice interactions between metal ions.The real part of magnetic permeability(μ′)and real part of dielectric permittivity(ε′)are measured in a frequency range of 10 MHz-1 GHz.When x=0.15,material has excellent magneto-dielectric properties(μ′≈12.2 andε′≈17.61),low magnetic loss(tanδμ≈0.03 at 500 MHz),and dielectric loss(tanδε≈0.04 at 500 MHz).The results show that Gd-doped Co_(2)Z ferrite has broad application prospects in multilayer filters and high-frequency antennas.

A study on characteristic indexesof railway ballast bed underhigh-frequency radar

Purpose–In this paper,a high-frequency radar test system was used to collect the data of clean ballast bed and fouled ballast bed of ballasted tracks,respectively,for a quantitative evaluation of the condition of railway ballast bed.Design/methodology/approach–Based on original radar signals,the time–frequency characteristics of radar signals were analyzed,five ballast bed condition characteristic indexes were proposed,including the frequency domain integral area,scanning area,number of intersections with the time axis,number of timedomain inflection points and amplitude envelope obtained by Hilbert transform,and the effectiveness and sensitivity of the indexes were analyzed.Findings–The thickness of ballast bed tested at the sleep bottom by high-frequency radar is up to 55 cm,which meets the requirements of ballast bed detection.Compared with clean ballast bed,the values of the five indexes of fouled ballast bed are larger,and the five indexes could effectively show the condition of the ballast bed.The computational efficiency of amplitude envelope obtained by Hilbert transform is 140 s$km
1,and the computational efficiency of other indexes is 5 s$km
1.The amplitude envelopes obtained by Hilbert transform in the subgrade sections and tunnel sections are the most sensitive,followed by scanning area.The number of intersections with the time axis in the bridge sections was the most sensitive,followed by the scanning area.The scanning area can adapt to different substructures such as subgrade,bridges and tunnels,with high comprehensive sensitivity.Originality/value–The research can provide appropriate characteristic indexes from the high-frequency radar original signal to quantitatively evaluate ballast bed condition under different substructures.

术中滑轨CT辅助在经皮骶髂关节螺钉治疗骨盆后环损伤中的应用

目的:比较术中滑轨CT联合C形臂X线机辅助与单纯使用C形臂X线机辅助透视下经皮骶髂关节螺钉治疗骨盆后环损伤临床疗效。方法:自2018年12月至2022年2月收治76例骨盆后环损伤患者,其中,C形臂联合滑轨CT辅助下行内固定治疗39例为CT组,男23例,女16例,年龄(44.98±7.33)岁;仅在C形臂透视下行内固定治疗37例为C形臂组,男24例,女13例,年龄(44.37±10.82)岁。合并有前环骨折患者42例,均采用经皮髂前下棘内置外固定架(internal fixation,INFIX)或耻骨上支螺钉固定骨盆前环。术后比较两组随访时间、置钉时间、并发症。比较两组Matta复位评价、Majeed疗效评价、CT分级及二次手术翻修率。结果:CT组置钉时间(32.63±7.33) min,短于C形臂组(52.95±10.64) min(t=-9.739,P<0.05)。CT组随访时间(11.97±1.86)个月,C形臂组(12.03±1.71)个月,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后并发症发生比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.159,P>0.05)。CT组Matta复位评价结果(Z=2.79,P<0.05)、Majeed疗效评价结果(Z=2.79,P<0.05)、CT分级(Z=2.83,P<0.05)均优于C形臂组。CT组二次手术翻修率低于C形臂组(χ~2=5.641,P<0.05)。结论:术中滑轨CT联合C形臂辅助下经皮骶髂关节螺钉置入手术与传统C形臂透视相比,具有手术时间短、准确度及安全性高、术后二次翻修率显著下降等特点,是重建骨盆骨折后环稳定性的有效方法之一。

CT血管成像对ACI患者颈动脉狭窄程度及侧支循环的价值研究

目的分析、探究CT血管成像技术在ACI患者颈动脉狭窄、侧支循环等病情诊断方面的成效。方法对我院2021.3-2022.3月期间收治的100例急性脑梗死(ACI)患者一般病理资料进行回顾性分析,以数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果为诊断金标准,对CT血管成像技术(CTA)的诊断价值进行分析,以临床出具的数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果为金标准,分析CT血管成像技术(CTA)在临床上的诊断价值,评估此技术在临床诊断中的效能。结果与临床金标准相比,CTA诊断技术具有较高的临床评估价值[Kappa>0.8~1.0,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.9,P<0.01];CTA诊断技术在评估颈动脉狭窄程度等方面与临床金标准具有一定的一致性[Kappa>0.6~0.8,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.7~0.9,P<0.01];而在评估侧支循环临床诊断中,CTA诊断技术与临床金标准具有一致性,具有较高的评估价值[Kappa>0.8~1.0,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.9,P<0.01]。结论以临床“金标准”的诊断结果为依据分析,CTA诊断技术能够对ACI患者出现病变的血管形态及侧支循环状态等进行全面的评估,CTA诊断结果可为治疗工作提供准确性相对较高且客观的医学依据,确实是评估ACI患者颈动脉狭窄程度、侧支循环状态的可靠办法;而与DSA技术相比,CTA与之具有较高的一致性,说明在病情发作早期为ACI患者实施CTA检查可获悉颈动脉的狭窄及侧支循环状态,有利于改善患者群体的预后。

胸腹部平扫CT值用于机会性筛查骨质疏松的可行性

目的:基于定量CT(QCT)探讨胸部常规kVp平扫和腹部能谱GSI平扫下椎体CT值用于机会性筛查骨质疏松的可行性。方法:前瞻性收集接受胸腹部平扫的患者431例,胸部CT扫描采用常规120 kVp,腹部扫描采用能谱(GSI)模式。对胸腹部扫描重叠的T11~L1椎体进行分析。使用QCT骨密度测量工作站测得胸部常规120 kVp下T11~L1椎体的骨密度(BMD),同时分别测量胸部120 kVp与腹部GSI扫描70 keV单能量下T11~L1椎体的CT值。采用组内相关系数(ICC)评估数据测量的一致性,Spearman相关性检验分析椎体BMD值与CT值之间的相关性。不同椎体间CT值差异采用Friedman秩和检验。参考QCT诊断标准,将椎体分为骨质疏松、骨量减少和骨量正常组,采用Kruskal-Wallis比较三组间及组内CT值差异。组内120 kVp-CT值和GSI-CT值采用Wilcoxon秩和检验。以T11~L1椎体BMD均值行骨质状态判定,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析椎体CT值评估骨质状态的诊断效能。结果:椎体BMD与120 kVp-CT值和GSI-CT值均呈正相关(r=0.976、0.963,P<0.001)。120 kVp和GSI下T11~L1椎体CT值依次为T11[144.00(72.00)、158.00(79.00)]、T12[137.00(67.00)、150.00(76.00)]、L1[128.00(67.00)、137.00(74.00)],不同椎体及椎体内差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。431例患者共1293个椎体,骨量正常组椎体496个、骨量减少组椎体415个、骨质疏松组椎体382个。120 kVp和GSI下骨量正常、骨量减少和骨质疏松组椎体CT值依次为[181.50(43.67)、199.65(48.57)]、[132.20(18.50)、144.00(23.00)]和[87.75(22.20)、93.30(27.20)],不同骨质状态组间椎体CT值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且各组组内椎体GSI-CT值均高于椎体120 kVp-CT值(P<0.05)。120 kVp-CT值与GSI-CT值诊断骨量减少的AUC分别为0.976、0.967,差异无统计学意义(P=0.0937);诊断骨质疏松的AUC均为1.000,差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。结论:胸部常规120 kVp及腹部GSI平扫CT值均可用于机会性筛查骨质疏松,诊断效能良好。

颅脑CT灌注成像及磁共振成像在脑梗死患者中的应用

目的分析颅脑CT灌注成像及磁共振成像对脑梗死患者的诊断价值。方法选取2022-03—2023-05在江苏省中西医结合医院就诊的80例疑似脑梗死患者为研究对象,对比分析GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像、磁共振成像及联合检查的敏感性、特异性、准确性,制作3种影像学检查的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果根据患者病情和临床综合诊断确诊,80例疑似脑梗死患者中脑梗死阳性69例(86.25%),脑梗死阴性11例(13.75%)。3种影像学检查方法的灵敏度、准确率比较,从高到低依次为联合检查、GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像检查、磁共振成像检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像检查、磁共振成像检查、联合检查诊断脑梗死的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.8109、0.7688、0.8682。结论GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像与磁共振成像检查的联合应用,有利于提高脑梗死患者诊断的灵敏度、准确率及AUC水平。

优化双下肢动脉能谱CT血管造影成像方案

目的优化双下肢动脉能谱CT血管造影(CTA)成像方案。方法回顾性分析30例疑诊双下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症(ASO)患者双下肢动脉能谱CTA资料,经重建获得40~80 keV(间隔5 keV)单能量(共9种)及100 kVp混合能量图像,对比双下肢动脉在不同图像中的CT值、噪声(SD)值、信噪比(SNR)及对比度噪声比(CNR);针对50、60 keV单能量和100 kVp混合能量图像质量及血管节段的可诊断性进行主观评估,观察40、45、50、60 keV单能量和100 kVp混合能量图像的自动去骨能力。结果40~80 keV范围内,随keV升高,各动脉在图像中的CT值、SD值、SNR及CNR均逐渐降低。相比100 kVp,腘动脉(PA)及其近端动脉的CT值、CNR及SNR均在40~55 keV图像中升高(P均<0.05);50~55 keV图像中SD值升高(P均<0.05),而60 keV图像中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。50及60 keV图像质量主观评分及可诊断动脉节段数与100 kVp差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。PA以远节段的SNR及CNR在各单能量图像及100 kVp图像中差异均无统计学意义,其CT值在40~45 keV图像中、SD在40 keV图像中均高于100 kVp(P均<0.05),但SD在45 keV与100 kVp图像中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);50 keV图像中,PA以远节段图像质量主观评分及可诊断节段数均高于60 keV及100 kVp(P均<0.05)。40 keV图像对9例(9/30,30.00%)、45 keV图像对6例(6/30,20.00%)不能自动去骨,50及60 keV、100 kVp对30例(30/30,100%)均可自动去骨。结论行双下肢动脉能谱CTA时,对PA及其近端节段以60 keV单能量成像较佳,对其以远或双下肢全程则以50 keV单能量成像较佳。

经CT扫描探讨正常喉的活动度的研究

目的通过对喉部活动度进行测量,进一步精确勾画喉外扩靶区,以实现肿瘤精确放疗提高放疗效果。方法选取51例肿瘤患者为研究对象,通过CT测量喉部在四个方向最大活动度,通过spss23.0对实验所得数据进行统计分析。结果51位研究对象平均前联合向上最大移动范围为(13.04±6.72)mm,前联合向下最大移动范围为(1.53±2.41)mm,前联合向左最大移动范围为(1.44±1.74)mm,前联合向右最大移动范围为(1.35±2.27)mm,前联合向前最大移动范围为(3.81±2.74)mm,前联合向后最大移动范围为(0.75±1.59)mm,左侧甲状软骨板最大外移为(0.70±1.21)mm,左侧甲状软骨板最大内移为(1.86±2.85)mm,右侧甲状软骨板最大外移为(0.70±1.35)mm,右侧甲状软骨板最大内移为(1.42±1.71)mm,杓前角最大间距为(14.15±3.51)mm。以第一次测量为准确测量值,第二次、第三次测量值与第一次测量值差值绝对值为误差值,比较两次测量误差值。两次测量误差间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。≤60岁研究对象与>60岁研究对象的喉部活动度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。男性杓前角最大间距为(15.32±4.72)mm,显著高于女性的(12.14±1.61)mm,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。转移的研究对象左侧甲状软骨板最大内移为(2.36±2.11)mm,显著高于未转移的(1.19±1.73)mm,差异具体统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别与前联合向上最大移动范围、杓前角最大间距呈现显著负相关(P<0.05),与左侧甲状软骨板最大外移呈显著正相关(P<0.05);年龄与前联合向上最大移动范围呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与前联合向下最大移动范围、左侧甲状软骨板最大外移呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。皮尔逊相关性分析发现甲状软骨板前联合向左移动度与左侧甲状软骨板最大外移具有显著正相关性(r=0.301,P=0.032);甲状软骨板前联合向右移动度与右侧甲状软骨板最大外移具有显著正相关性(r=0.072,P=0.000)。结论自然吞咽会引起喉部运动,这种运动的具体范围在肿瘤放射治疗中需被注意。

基于CT技术的黄原胶加固土干湿循环条件下力学性能和微观结构劣化机制研究

干湿循环对岩土体的工程特性具有重要影响。采用CT扫描技术和力学测试,对加入不同含量黄原胶(0%,0.5%,1.5%)加固的黏土在经历不同次数(0,1,4,8,12次)干湿循环作用下的力学性能和微观结构劣化机制进行了研究,得到结论:(1)黄原胶能够有效提高土体的抗压强度和耐干湿循环效果。随着黄原胶含量的增加,干湿循环作用后的强度损失逐渐减小,当循环次数从0次增加到4次时,对于加入黄原胶含量分别为0%,0.5%,1.5%的试样,抗压强度分别损失了42.75%,17.2%,14.04%。(2)加固土的抗压强度与干湿循环次数之间保持指数下降的关系,当循环次数达到4次后,随着循环次数的进一步增加,抗压强度和弹性模量均在较小的变化范围内波动。(3)随着干湿循环次数的增加,黄原胶加固土的孔隙率表现出先增加后减小的趋势,连通孔隙不断扩展,而孤立孔隙表现出先增加后减小的趋势。(4)随着试样的干燥,黄原胶在土颗粒间形成网状基质,提高土体的强度和耐干湿循环能力。

CTA/CTP评估在缺血性脑血管病介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨CT血管成像(CTA)/CT灌注成像(CTP)在缺血性脑血管病介入治疗中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年9月我院收治的200例缺血性脑血管病患者,均在入院后接受CTA及CTP检查,分析其影像资料,探究CTA及CTP缺血性脑血管病介入治疗中的应用价值。结果脑血容量(CBV)比较:缺血半暗带>健侧>梗死区(P<0.05);脑血流量(CBF)比较:健侧>缺血半暗带>梗死区(P<0.05);平均通过时间(MTT)、目标组织中浓度达峰时间(TTP)、目标组织中所有残余功能全部达峰时间(Tmax)比较:健侧<缺血半暗带<梗死区(P<0.05)。CTA检出左侧、右侧大脑中动脉(MCA)闭塞或狭窄分别59例(29.50%)、91例(45.50%),左侧、右侧颈内动脉(ICA)闭塞分别16例(8.00%)、12例(6.00%),双侧ICA狭窄为6例(3.00%);代偿分支血管显影基本满意129例(64.50%),显影不足71例(35.50),其余16例(8.00%)患者CTA影像资料显示无异常,敏感度为92.00%。预后不良组患侧CBV、CBF小于预后良好组,MTT、TTP、Tmax长于预后良好组,代偿血管建立比例低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。采用受试者工作特征曲线分析显示,CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP、Tmax对介入治疗预后均有一定的预测效能(P<0.05),其曲线下面积分别为0.839、0.815、0.673、0.713、0.710,其中CBV预测效能最高,敏感性为83.20%,特异性为73.33%。结论CTA/CTP可反映大脑、颈内动脉狭窄或闭塞、代偿分支建立情况,也可反映血流灌注情况,在介入治疗合理时机的判断方面可提供准确依据,提高患者预后。

基于探测器响应机理的碳/碳构件CT图像环状伪影的校正方法

在碳/碳复合材料的计算机断层扫描(CT)中,由于探测器单元的响应非线性及不一致性导致重建图像出现严重的环状伪影,干扰图像中缺陷的检出,影响检测系统对被检构件的质量评价。结合碳/碳复合材料组分单一且密度均匀的特点,提出了一种基于探测器响应机理的CT图像环状伪影的校正方法,利用采集的劣化投影数据做预重建,对重建结果做阈值分割以获得被检测物体的三维模型。结合已知的材料和密度信息,对被检物体进行重投影,得到投影数据的理论值与实测值之间的映射关系,用于探测器响应校正以优化检测图像。与传统低通滤波的环状伪影校正方法相比,该方法考虑了环状伪影的物理成因并充分利用了检测对象的先验信息。研究结果表明,该校正方法在保留图像细节和纹理的同时,能够有效减少环状伪影,提升图像质量,消除伪影对于图形中缺陷识别的干扰,为提升检测系统对碳/碳复合材料构件缺陷的检出能力提供理论依据。

基于岩石CT扫描的冻融作用对花岗岩细观结构及力学强度影响研究

近年来随着西部地区的基础工程建设数量及规模不断增加,西部高原地区的季节性冻融循环效应的影响也随之增强,开展冻融循环作用下岩石细观特性及强度劣化性质研究对指导西部寒区基础工程建设至关重要。首先在偏光显微镜下对岩石薄片进行观察,获取岩石的矿物成分和微结构;接着利用CT扫描技术,对冻融后的花岗岩进行扫描,对扫描图层利用阈值分割进行二值化处理,堆叠得到样品内外结构的高分辨3D数据及影像;结合分形理论计算图像计盒维数并由此对图像复杂度做出量化判断,由此对冻融循环对花岗岩内部结构演化分布特点进行分析;进而揭示其强度演化规律,探究结构演化与强度之间的关系。偏光显微镜下,岩石呈块状构造,具有似斑状粗粒不等粒花岗结构,局部见交代蠕虫结构。似斑晶矿物主要为碱性长石;其他矿物粒径0.25~4.0 mm为主,矿物成分主要为石英、斜长石、碱性长石,次要矿物为黑云母、绿帘石,副矿物有磷灰石、锆石、黄铁矿等,镜下鉴定为似斑状粗粒不等粒黑云二长花岗岩。CT扫描显示,冻融循环效应在影响花岗岩细观结构时,会导致花岗岩内部孔隙率的整体上升,但岩石渗透性变化不大,岩石渗透率仅上升0.003×10^(-3)μm^(2);内部孔隙发育不均匀,试样整体结构改变以萌生较多新的微孔隙为主。冻融循环后岩石内部结构复杂度有所下降,但岩石整体完整性仍然较好,分形维数仍保持在较高水平。分形研究显示,20次冻融循环并未导致花岗岩的结构复杂度发生较大变化,同时试样整体力学特性出现下降,黏性增加以及长期强度出现较大幅度的衰减,进入蠕变试验阶段的应变阈值提高。在评价此类原生结构较致密的岩石的安全性时,仅从结构上进行考量与实际情况往往会出现偏差,应结合必要的强度指标综合评估。岩石在经历冻融循环后,在强度更低的同时会发生更大的变形。该研究可为分形理论在岩石细观结构演化方面的应用及岩石细观结构与强度演化相关研究提供借鉴,并对高寒地区工程施工有指导意义。

基于光谱CT的细胞外容积分数与结直肠癌临床病理特征的相关性

目的:探讨细胞外容积分数(extracellular volume fraction,ECV)与结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)临床病理特征的相关性。方法:回顾性分析97例CRC患者临床病理资料,测量平衡期碘密度图中病灶及同层面主动脉或髂动脉的碘密度,计算ECV。以ECV中位数分高、低水平两组,正态分布的计量、计数资料分别采用t检验和卡方检验,偏态分布的计量资料两组间及多组间比较分别采用Mann-Whitney U检验和Kruskal Wallis H检验,组间差异有统计学意义的变量再进行相关性分析;采用线性回归进行单因素和多因素分析。利用受试者工作特征曲线分析ECV预测独立影响因素的效能。结果:ECV中位数为32.0%,高ECV组46例、低ECV组51例。两组间肿瘤大体分型、有无脉管癌栓和神经侵犯、T分期及TNM分期差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中ECV与脉管癌栓和神经侵犯均呈正相关(r=0.330/0.415,P<0.001),与T分期呈弱正相关(r=0.260,P<0.05),大体分型仅隆起型与溃疡型ECV差异有统计学意义。两组CEA、CA199、肿瘤位置、肿瘤长径、分化程度、N分期、Ki-67表达率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素分析显示肿瘤长径、分化程度、TNM分期、脉管癌栓和神经侵犯是影响ECV的相关因素(P<0.05);多因素分析显示脉管癌栓和神经侵犯是ECV的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。ECV预测脉管癌栓和神经侵犯的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.70、0.76。结论:ECV是CRC术前评估的重要指标,对有无脉管癌栓和神经侵犯有良好的预测效能。

基于CT断层扫描的木质家具与原木内部缺损三维可视化研究

研究木质家具与原木试件内部缺损三维可视化,有助于木质文物精准干预性保护与木材高效规划利用。凸显三维成像技术可视化优势,对木质文物保护具有重要意义。本文采用philips16排CT——A机型Brilliace16对试件三维断层扫描。通过对CT扫描后原始图像的分割,获取品质较佳的三维数字模型。继而对分割后的图像进行切面与断面两个维度的手工着色,随后通过三维重建可得到开裂、虫洞、朽坏等不同形式缺损的三维形态,并可得到与之对应的精准三维模型。试验证明:通过三维重建,可获取木质试件内部不同类型三维缺损形态的可视化分析,可对缺损形态进行360°观察,并可获取三维缺损形态的表面积、体积等精准物理参数。本技术可为木质文物修复提供三维缺损形态的精准参数及直观可视化三维模型。